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    Tytuł:
    Wykorzystanie osadów ściekowych i kompostu w nawożeniu roślin energetycznych na przykładzie miskanta i ślazowca
    The Use of Sewage Sludge and Compost for Fertilization of Energy Crops on the Example of Miscanthus and Virginia Mallow
    Autorzy:
    Ociepa-Kubicka, A.
    Pachura, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819264.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    nawożenie roślin energetycznych
    osady ściekowe
    miskant
    ślazowiec
    Miscanthus
    virginia mallow
    sewage sludge
    Opis:
    In the article there have been presented the results of research on the influence of soil fertilization by means of sewage sludge, waste and composts made from urban green, produced in Dano technology, within the crop growth of Miscanthus Giganteus and Virginia Mallow. Furthermore, there have been also studied the basic soil properties, soil, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, heavy metals. and the content of organic carbon. Among a lot of well-known energy plants there have been chosen Miscanthus Giganteus and Virginia Mallow because of their good adaptation to the Polish soil and weather conditions. These plants are perennial and within the appropriate fertilization they have the ability of the high crop whereas their fuel value is similar to the wood one. In the purpose of research conducted in May 2007 there have been established the vase experiment which was continued within three years. The soil, on which Miscanthus Giganteus and Virginia Mallow were planted, was taken from the area in the neighbourhood with Huta Częstochowa. The vase experiment was conducted from April 2007 to November 2009 outside the direct reach of the foundry. The activity of deposits and composts was compared with the impact of mineral fertilization. The complex analysis of interactions of these tested substrates enabled the following conclusion that the most beneficial for the physical and chemical properties of soil was to insert the deposits into the soil in the dose of 20 and 40 t/ha. The most intensive growth of Miscanthus Giganteus has been noted by the means of fertilization with sewage sludge in the dose of 40t/ha. The general average crops within three years for this specific fertilization are amounted to be at approximately 340 g from the vase and they were twice higher in comparison to the control combination. The relatively high growth of crops was obtained for fertilization of sewage sludge in the dose of 20t/ha (about 290 g from the vase) whereas for the mineral fertilization of the objects it was approximately 260 g. The high crops in the objects fertilized by the means of sewage sludge are closely connected with their high affluence within nutrients and their effective influence on physical, chemical and biological soil properties. What is more, the most intensive growth of Virginia Mallow has been admitted with sewage sludge in the dose of 40t/ha and 20t/ha. The growth of crops was similar within two of sewage sludge doses. The general average crops from three years time for these mentioned earlier fertilization combinations were about 240 g from the vase, twice higher in comparison to the control combination. The definitely lower amount of crops was obtained for the mineral fertilization (approximately 150 g from the vase) and by the means of composts. The results of experiment have shown that the growth of crops of these two plants is dependent on the year. In the first year crops were lower in comparison to the second or the third one.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2013, Tom 15, cz. 3; 2267-2278
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ niekonwencjonalnego nawożenia na migrację metali ciężkich w układzie gleba-roślina
    Effect of fertilization unconventional migration of heavy metals in the soil-plant system
    Autorzy:
    Ociepa, E.
    Pachura, P.
    Ociepa-Kubicka, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/296744.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
    Tematy:
    osady ściekowe
    metale ciężkie
    odpady
    sewage sludge
    heavy metals
    waste
    Opis:
    W pracy testowano mieszankę nawozową, składającą się z osadów ściekowych, węgla brunatnego i popiołów z węgla brunatnego, wzbogaconą o mineralny nawóz potasowy pod kątem jej wpływu na właściwości gleby, a szczególnie na mobilność Zn, Cd i Pb w glebie. Skład i dawka nawozu zostały dostosowane do wymagań uprawianej rośliny (spartiny preriowej), jakości nawożonej gleby i obowiązujących przepisów. Efekty nawożenia powyższą mieszaniną substratów porównano z nawożeniem samymi osadami (O), z mieszaniną osadów i nawozów mineralnych (O+NPK), z mieszaniną węgla brunatnego i nawozów mineralnych (W+NPK) oraz z działaniem samych nawozów mineralnych (NPK). Zastosowane rodzaje nawożenia nieznacznie wpłynęły na zmianę pH gleby, ale należy podkreślić, że po ustaleniu równowagi geochemicznej gleby nawożone O+W+P, O i O+NPK uzyskały wartość pH ok. 6,0, którą uważa się za wystarczającą dla gleb lekkich. Gleba nienawożona charakteryzowała się pojemnością sorpcyjną ok. 5,8 cmol(+)/kg, a po zastosowaniu nawożenia O+W+P uzyskała pojemność ok. 8,0 cmol(+)/kg, co kwalifikuje ją do dobrych pod względem zdolności do magazynowania składników pokarmowych. Preparaty nawozowe (O+W+P) i (W+NPK) wpłynęły najkorzystniej spośród zastosowanych rodzajów nawożenia na unieruchomienie Zn, Cd i Pb w glebie, o czym świadczy zmniejszenie rozpuszczalności tych metali w 0,01 M CaCl 2 i 1 M HCl. Wyniki badań nie wskazują na zależność między całkowitą zawartością Zn i Pb w glebie a ich biodostępnością. Pobieranie metali ciężkich przez spartinę preriową było zależne przede wszystkim od zawartości form biodostępnych metali. Stwierdzono wyższą zawartość wszystkich metali w korzeniach roślin w porównaniu do ich części nadziemnej. Zawartość Pb w korzeniach była kilkadziesiąt razy większa, natomiast kadmu i cynku maksymalnie 2-3 razy większa niż w częściach nadziemnych. Zdecydowanie wyższą translokacją z korzeni do części nadziemnych charakteryzował się kadm i cynk niż ołów. Translokacja ołowiu wynosiła maksymalnie 4,0%.
    The work aims to evaluate the effects of a fertilizing mixture of sewage sludge, brown coal and brown coal ash (S+BC+BCA) enriched with potassium mineral fertilizer on soil properties with special focus on mobility of Zn, Cd and Pb in soil. The formula of the investigated fertilizing mixture and its dosage was developed and tested by the authors. The composition and the dose of this mixture were adjusted to the requirements of the selected plant (i.e. Spartina pectinata), the quality of the soil and legal requirements. The effects of fertilization with this mixture were compared with (1) sewage sludge (S), (2) mixture of sewage sludge and mineral fertilizers (S+NPK), (3) mixture of brown coal and mineral fertilizers (BC+NPK), and (4) mineral fertilizers (NPK). The soil used in the experiments was sampled from the area in close vicinity to Huta Częstochowa steel works. The sampled soil showed low contamination with zinc and cadmium (II°) and elevated concentration of lead (I°). The effects of fertilization on soil pH and sorption properties, concentration of heavy metals in soil and plants were determined. The investigated types of fertilization had insignificant influence on soil pH but after reaching the geochemical equilibrium the soils fertilized with S+BC+BCA, S and S+NPK showed pH of 6.0 - which is sufficient for light soils. Fertilization of soil with sewage sludge, brown coal and mixture of sewage sludge and brown coal resulted in the increase in sorption properties of the soil. The sorption capacity of the soil without any fertilization was about 5.8 cmol(+)/kg, and after the treatment with S+BC+BCA is was about 8.0 cmol(+)/kg. Significant differences in the total concentration of zinc, cadmium and lead and their forms determined in 1 M HCl and 0.01 M CaCl 2 were observed. The investigated fertilizing mixtures (S+BC+BCA) and (BC+NPK) showed the most beneficial properties for mobilization of Zn, Cd and Pb in soil which was indicated by the decrease in solubility of these metals in 0.01 M CaCl 2 and 1 M HCl. The obtained results do not indicate that there is a relationship between the total concentration of Zn, Cd and Pb in soil and their bioavailability. Heavy metals uptake by Spartina pectinata depended mostly on the concentration of bioavailable forms of these metals. Fertilization with sewage sludge - despite the fact that it resulted in the highest concentration of heavy metals in soil - generally did not lead to higher uptake of these elements by plants. It has been found a higher content of all metals in the roots of the plants in comparison to the above-ground parts. For Pb differences were exceptionally high. The Pb content in the roots was tens of times greater while cadmium and zinc up to 2-3 times higher than in the aerial parts. Significantly higher translocation from the roots to the aerial parts was characterized by cadmium and zinc than lead. Translocation of lead was very low and was up 4.0%.
    Źródło:
    Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska; 2014, 17, 2; 325-338
    1505-3695
    2391-7253
    Pojawia się w:
    Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Immobilizacja cynku i kadmu w glebach w wyniku stosowania substratów odpadowych
    The Immobilization of Zinc and Cadmium in the Soil as a Result of the Use of Waste Substrates
    Autorzy:
    Ociepa, E.
    Ociepa-Kubicka, A.
    Okoniewska, E.
    Lach, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819005.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    substraty odpadowe
    immobilizacja
    sewage sludge
    disintegration
    pH
    Opis:
    The overall goal of the presented work was to evaluate the effects of a fertilizing mixture of sewage sludge, brown coal and brown coal (O+W+P) ash on mobility of Zn and Cd in soil environment and metal uptake by Miscanthus Giganteus. The pot experiment was done in semi-natural conditions from April 2007 to January 2008. The soil that was used in the experiment was taken from surroundings of Huta Częstochowa and village Dyrdy. Both soils were poorly contaminated with zinc and cadmium (II0) but there was a difference in their profiles, pH, granulometric compositions, sorption properties etc. The soil used in experiments was taken from 30 points lying on the diagonal of the study area with a depth of 0 to 20 cm. The pots used in the experiment had a capacity of 11 dm3,filled with soil of its natural moisture content after sieving through a sieve with a mesh diameter of 5 mm. For each soil there were used 6 combinations of fertilization and each of the combination was repeated in four pots. The effect of the prepared formulation was compared with the operation of the same residues (O), the mixture of sludge and mineral fertilizer (NPK+O), a mixture of lignite and mineral fertilizer (NPK+W) and the fertilization with mineral fertilizers (NPK). During periods of no precipitation or low precipitation values, the plants were watered to obtain soil moisture level of 60%. Results of this study indicate that all types of fertilizer improved sorption properties of soils, but in varying degrees. The reason is the increase in total exchangeable cations and a significant increase in the sorption capacity of the soil and the degree of saturation of the sorption complex bases. Depending on the soil type, the application of the investigated fertilizing mixture resulted in the increase in pH by 0,3–0,4, sorption capacity by 3,0 cmol(+)kg-1 and degree of sorption complex saturation with bases by 10–40%. The applied fertilizing mixture had a significant effect on limitation of bioavailable forms of Zn and Cd in soils and the content of metals in plant biomass. The introduction of O+W+P and W + NPK mixtures mostly affected to reduction of soluble forms of Zn and Cd in 1 M HCl and 0.01 M CaCl2 in studied soils. To estimate the degree of immobilization of metals in media immobilization If ratios were calculated. If values confirmed that the fertilizations O+W +P and W+NPK contributed to the immobilization of Zn and Cd in both soils. In soil enriched with O+W +P there was an observed reduction of zinc content in plants by approximately 15.0% compared to plants grown on control soil. The reduction of the cadmium content in plants grown on enriched soil 1 O+W+P was approximately 15.0% and approximately 17.0% in soil 2 in relation to the content of the crops grown on unfertilized soils. This was primarily the result of the enrichment of soil by organic matter and soil pH increase which resulted in limiting the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2013, Tom 15, cz. 2; 1772-1786
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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