Temat: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Biomethane as a fuel for city transport
Autorzy:: Gis, W.
Żółtowski, A.
Grzelak, P. L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247861.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: biomethane
biogas
road transport
environmental protection
CNG
Opis:: Depletion of fossil energy sources, and thus the prices increase of conventional fuels such as gasoline or diesel fuel, the energy security and dependence on imported fuels, as well as the deteriorating environment and global warming mean that there are more and more new technologies using renewable energy sources nowadays. In the medium- and long-term perspective a significant changes are needed regarding means of transport in ensuring "sustainable mobility", while the horizon of short-term solution is the implementation of biofuels, including biogas refined to form of biomethane, and renewable alternative fuels. Biomethane is produced from waste organic matter. Directive 2009/28/EC indicates the benefits of using waste for the production of transport fuels, to decarbonisation of the energy sector and requires Member States of UE to use renewable fuels. The paper presents possibilities for the biomethane production, as well as conditions to use it as fuel to power city buses. The level of current use of gaseous fuels in the national urban transport was specified, and also conducted an evaluation of benefits, especially ecological, to use these fuels for these applications.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 175-179
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Hydrogenization of road transport on the example of Sweden, Poland and Japan
Autorzy:: Gis, W.
Gis, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243021.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
hydrogenization
combustion engines
environmental protection
Opis:: The article analyses the activities within the EU and national (Sweden, Poland) concerning the introduction of hydrogen fuel in road transport. The advantages and disadvantages of this drive were addressed. A directional program of hydrogen propulsion technology motion was presented on the example of Sweden and Poland. The most recent activities in Sweden regard the so-called Nordic Hydrogen Corridor European Project. The location of basic hydrogen refuelling stations in Poland until 2030 was proposed (HIT-2-Corridors European Project). These stations should be located in both TEN-T corridors running through Poland, i.e. in 1 – Poznan, 2 – Warsaw, 3 – Bialystok, 4 – Szczecin, 5 – the Lodz region, 6 – the Tri-City region, 7 – Wroclaw, 8 – the Katowice region, 9 – Krakow, to ensure the possibility of passing vehicles equipped with fuel cells (FCEV – Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle) among others between Western Europe and Scandinavia. For comparison, the article discusses FCEV development and initial hydrogen market creation in Japan. In the article is presented reasons for hydrogen society in Japan. The reasons are as follows: hydrogen is CO2 free; hydrogen can be produced from various sources, energy security – local production and consumption of energy, energy security – compensating for fluctuations in renewable energy production. In the article is presented Hydrogen/FCEV strategy Roadmap in Japan in context Hydrogen/FCEV Roadmap in China.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 137-140
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Emissions from engines fuelled with biofuels
Autorzy:: Żółtowski, A
Grzelak, P. L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243203.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: biofuels
emissions
road transport
combustion engines
environmental protection
Opis:: In recent years, the interest in the use of renewable fuels in transport has increased. This is due to the European Union’s policy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These fuels, in addition to the effect of reducing carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases, may increase the emissions of other exhaust components. The article describes the problems of pollutants emissions from the engine exhaust system, related to the use of biofuels in combustion engines or their additives in conventional fuels. The influence of the chemical composition of selected biofuels on the emissions properties of vehicles and their engines will be discussed. The tests results of engines fuelled with selected biofuels, carried out by the authors of the article, will be presented. These tests will be carried out on chassis dynamometer and engine test bench, in standard research tests used in measurements of pollutants emissions like NEDC, ESC, ETC, etc. Furthermore, selected operational parameters of vehicles and engines will be compared with biofuels and conventional fuels.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 533-539
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Electromobility and hydrogenization of the motor transport in Poland now and in the future
Autorzy:: Gis, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246153.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
hydrogenization
combustion engines
electromobility
environmental protection
Opis:: The article analyses activities within the world, EU and Poland in aspect electromobility and hydrogenization now and in the future. Will be presented estimates cars park of global hybrid (HEV), hybrid plug-in (PHEV) and fully electric (BEV). Changes in production volumes and number of registered types of vehicles as abovementioned are presented in a breakdown into world. The overall number of HEVs produced thus far is estimated at approx. 12.5 million and over 1.3 million in Europe. There are roughly 38 thousand HEVs registered in Poland. There were about 800.000 hybrid plug-in vehicles registered in the world in 2016. Of 3.2 million electric plug-in vehicles and BEVs used in the world in 2017 more than 1.2 million were used in China, approx. 750 thousand in the USA, 850 thousand in Europe, including c.a. 650 thousand in the EU countries. Yet, electric plug-in vehicles (BEVs and PHEVs) globally accounted for just 0.3% of the worldwide fleet of passenger cars in 2017. The article also addresses the development of the electric vehicles market and the annual new vehicle registrations. The existing situation in the field of hydrogenization motor transport in the world, in the EU and in Poland will also be analysed. This will be analysed in terms of the number of hydrogen vehicles and hydrogen refuelling stations.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 95-101
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Dynamic properties of aluminium alloys used in automotive industry
Autorzy:: Moćko, W.
Kowalewski, Z. L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246638.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
simulation
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: Around 20 percent of CO2 emitted as a result of human activity on Earth comes from transportation. One of the ideas, which lead to diminishing of the greenhouse gases emission, is reducing of fuel consumption. It may be achieved by introducing a new powertrain solutions as well as lowering overall vehicle weight. The reduction of vehicle weight may be obtained by both a new design of part and structures and application of a new materials i.e. aluminium alloys. It has to be emphasised that weight reduction is very important for combustion engine driven vehicles and electric driven vehicles as well. Mass lowering is especially desirable in the case of electric vehicles because they typically have a very narrow operational range usually lower than 200 km. Therefore even small weight reduction decreases energy consumption of EV and as a consequence increases its range, which is a crucial parameter for users. The results presented in this article were focused on high strength aluminium alloys of 6082-T6 and 7075-T6 types. Applying of those materials enables mass lowering of structures up to 50 percent, maintaining original functionality. Moreover, aluminium alloys may be also used in energy absorbing structures. The goal of tests was to obtain data required in FE analysis. In order to simulate dynamic phenomenon i.e. vehicle crash investigation of the stress-strain curves of alloys were carried out at wide range of strain rates using Hopkinson bar.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 345-351
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Analysis of measurement errors of cvs method used for tests of pollutant emissions from light-duty vehicles
Autorzy:: Majerczyk, A.
Radzimirski, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242731.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: The test procedure for the pollutant emissions from light-duty vehicles is currently under verification carried out at the international level. For this purpose, GRPE (Groupe des rapporteurs sur la pollution et energie) – the body developing UNECE regulations proposals - has set up a task group WLTP (Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedure) which is supposed to prepare a new GTR (Global Technical Regulation) relating to this procedure. The development of light-duty vehicles, leading to the reduction of pollutants emissions, caused the increase of the requirements for their test procedure. A large number of factors associated, inter alia, with the test equipment affects its accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility. In the ongoing analysis attention is paid even to factors, which affect test results in a relatively small way, and which have been overlooked yet. One of the problems to which attention is paid is the impact of pollutant concentration in the dilution air in the CVS (constant volume sampler) system on test results. The CVS principle is accepted as the standard method to determine light-duty vehicle exhaust emissions on chassis dynamometer test cells worldwide. It was introduced in the early 1970s. One of its drawbacks is that it introduces an error resulting from the fact that the contractual DF dilution factor, rather than the actual dilution ratio DR, is used for the correction of concentration measurement results. The article discusses this error for different type of engines used in light-duty vehicles and different pollutants subject to measurements.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 253-259
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: In - cylinder OH and CO2* detection in SI engine through UV natural emission spectroscopy
Autorzy:: Merola, S. S.
Tornatore, C.
Marchitto, L.
Valentino, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242972.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
simulation
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: Processes of the combustion of liquid fuels and solid are more complex than combustion of fuel gases. With reference to liquid fuels occur additionally processes of vaporization of the fuel, and with reference to solid fuels - decomposition of the solid phase with processes of melting and vaporization, pyrolysis, or gasification. This simultaneous and also different influence of different parameters is sometimes a reason of incorrect interpretation of experimental results. The study of the theoretical model of the combustion process concerning of liquid and solid fuels and which then the model takes into account also the gas- phase, because combustion processes take place in this phase, and occurs the interaction of the phase gas- and liquid or the solid one. The theoretical model is presented basing on experimental initial researches realized in a model with reference to liquid fuels and solid ones. Researches realized in the constant volume chamber with measurements of the pressure during the process of the combustion with the use of quick photography and with measurement of the distribution of the velocity in the spray of the fuel and droplet measurements by means the laser Doppler equipment LDV and PDPA. There were obtained a good agreement of findings experimental researches with the theoretical model. Generally, on the combustion velocity of liquid fuels and solid one significant influence has a kind (laminar, temporary and turbulent) and the thickness of the thermal boundary layer.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 4; 429-437
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Projections of future use of electric cars
Autorzy:: Gis, W.
Waśkiewicz, J.
Gis, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243699.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: In the article, reference was made to the mandatory now research hybrid and electric cars, and to the current state of the fleet of cars in the country and among others in the European Union. Reference was made also to the existing charging infrastructure for electric cars. Presents forecast of development of these last cars in Poland and Germany in the perspective of 2020-2030 year, presenting the achievements of the European project eMAP (electromobility-based scenario Market potential, Assessment and Policy options) in this area. An evaluation of the capability of the future of automotive industrial development of e-mobility. Attention was drawn to the traction battery and fuel cell system in electric vehicles. An analysis of the necessary policy options required for the development of electric cars. Among the recent policy options include an issues: research & development technology (strategic alliances, cooperations and consortia), financial incentives (vehicle tax, fuel tax, CO2 tax, insurance incentives), infrastructure, policy regulation (norms and standards, CO2 regulation) and information & marketing. In the project eMAP, a number of achievements were the participation of the authors of the present article.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 55-62
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Assessment of traffic noise levels in the city of Pila
Autorzy:: Gorzelańczyk, Piotr
Sobczak, Kamil
Ližbetinová, Lenka
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200858.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:: communication transport
road transport
noise
environmental protection
acoustic map
Opis:: The last few decades have been characterised by the rapid development of technology and various industries around the world, as well as increasing levels of urbanisation. The development of technology has resulted in the emergence of many inventions, vehicles and equipment. This has resulted in many unforeseen consequences generating threats to the environment in which humans’ function. One of these hazards is the noise emitted by vehicles. For this reason, environmental protection was created in response to threats to human existence (this work is to determine the level of noise resulting from traffic transportation in the city of Pila. In order to achieve the given objective in the city, sound values will be adopted and an acoustic map will be developed on their basis. A large amount of noise in the city of Pila is caused by road transportation, but from the results of the study it can be said that it is minimally exceeded only on two streets by less than five decibels and on three other streets where it is equal to the permissible noise value. The main places where the most noise is generated are two-lane roads and traffic lights and roundabouts. A lot of noise is generated when there are a large number of vehicles slowing down and starting in these places. A very big plus in the fight against noise in Pila is public transportation.
Źródło:: Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2023, 100, 2; 75--84
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Approval tests and evaluation of emission properties of vehicle
Autorzy:: Majerczyk, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246994.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: Operation of vehicles equipped with combustion engines is a source of pollution. That is why the emissions from this source are restricted. The emissions reduction system consists of several steps, whose basic component is a typeapproval of vehicle in terms of emissions level and admission to the registration of vehicles that meets the requirements for emissions. It is assumed, that the gradual reduction of emissions limits will improve the emission properties of the vehicles, and gradual withdrawal of used vehicles, will reduce of emissions growth. The basis for issuing opinions on a vehicle's exhaust emissions is the measurement of emissions performed in the laboratory on a chassis dynamometer in reproducible conditions of preparing the vehicle for testing, test replication, fuel for the engine, and the procedure for collecting the exhaust gas analysis. Motor Transport Institute conducts the type approval tests, as well as the research on emissions from vehicles in the real traffic conditions, which are used to determine the actual emission from the vehicle population. Emission tests for applications, that go beyond the application of type approval show, that there are vehicles whose emissions in operation is substantially different from the emissions measured during type approval. It is a natural phenomenon in the case of used vehicles and vehicles with engine malfunctions or exhaust aftertreatment system defect. However, there are vehicles whose emissions under specific operating traffic conditions are significantly different from the values obtained in the course of type approval tests, despite the good properties of emission measured under the conditions provided by the type-approval procedure. The article discusses the results of the emissions from vehicles, obtained in the tests used to determine the emission factors for vehicles used in real traffic conditions, thus taking into account emissions from vehicles, made under different conditions than the type approval tests, which show that, in terms of driving cycles, which are not covered by the emission test procedure, can multiply and exceed the approved values.. This is particularly true for modern diesel engines.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 245-251
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Operation of urban buses powered biomethane
Autorzy:: Gis, W.
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Pielecha, J.
Gis, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950101.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
combustion engines
biomethane
CNG
environmental protection
Opis:: The article presents the advantages of using biomethane to power city buses. Given the current possibilities for the production of biomethane in the country. They are very limited, but established the country's first mobile installation biogas purification to natural gas quality. Presented the results of comparative testing exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of city buses: CNG (biomethane) and diesel. The study was conducted in the national real traffic conditions. Reference was also the issue of eco - driving buses power CNG or biomethane. Presented used to test devices eco - driving Sagasystem company. The Sagasystem collects main information from the FMS gate in the vehicle: speed of the bus, fuel consumption, fuel consumption when in idle gear, work time when in idle gear, number of braking. Additional information from the FMS gate is the speed of vehicle (and individual wheels), speed of vehicle (according to the GPS), use of clutch (on/off) etc. Test results of emission standards and fuel consumption of CNG-powered bus (biomethane) in the national real traffic conditions were presented. Tests were carried out using and without the use of the above equipment.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 3; 283-291
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Influence of selected sources of pollutants emissions on the air quality in Cracow
Autorzy:: TRELA, Mariusz
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529829.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016-12-31
Wydawca:: Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:: pollutants emission
coal fired boilers
road transport
environmental protection
Opis:: The article is an attempt to estimate the emissions of pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in Cracow in 2015 resulting from the solid-fuel boilers (especially coal fired boilers) and fireplaces and emissions resulting from the operation of road vehicles. Estimated emissions of pollutants were compared with the emissions of plants of significant nuisance to air quality in Cracow. Conclusions have been drawn about the directions of Cracow authority policy in environmental protection.
Źródło:: Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME); 2016, 4; 321-332
2353-9119
Pojawia się w:: Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Telematic security system for cash transport vehicle
Autorzy:: Kamiński, T.
Kruszewski, M.
Niezgoda, M.
Gacparska-Stołek, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245531.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
simulation
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: Paper describes security system mounted in the cash transport vehicle that was developed in "Pancermet" project. Consortium consists in addition to the Motor Transport Institute, another nine entities which represent science, vehicle producers and military. The system fulfils the new legal requirements in this area, and consists of the inside/outside video monitoring module and selective door locking mechanism. Every device was designed in accordance with safety and security principles. The video monitoring module includes four video cameras, audiovideo recorder and smoke detector. Selective door lock module cooperates with on-board CAN network that allows selective doors locking with usage of the dedicated touch panel installed on the vehicle's dashboard. The module continually monitors the CAN network which allows also to gain information about opening and closing of every door and status of the lock. Information at touch panel screen, is continuously refreshed, allowing keeping control over all doors, for driver and transporting manager. Article describes also general description about communication with door locks in CAN network and problems encountered during modules development and their solutions. In article there were presented used devices which allows preparing the system for cash transport vehicle.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 149-154
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Numerical modeling of interior car compartment - first analysis
Autorzy:: Trzebiński, D.
Szczygieł, I.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247613.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
simulation
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: During hot summer days outside temperature often exceeds 30°C. Without air condition system it is impossible to achieve temperature inside car compartment at the same level or lower than outside, even with high air flow. Driver 's efficiency researches indicate that it can be even 35% higher at +20°C than at +35°C. Decrease of efficiency at +5°C can be the same as that at +35°C. Usage of air condition system is the only way to achieve internal temperature lower than external one. The heat flux which should be transferred from the car cabin is about 2 kW. There is no problem to reject even higher heat flux from cabin. The problem is how to assure thermal comfort for passengers in so small space like car compartment. The thermal comfort usually means that near skin air temperature is about 20-22°C and air velocity is below 0.5 m/s. In this paper first analysis of numerical modelling of air flow inside car compartment are presented. Two types are considered: first one with 2 m/s velocity with inlets situated at front cowl section, front of dashboard and near feet. Second one with 4 m/s velocity with inlets situated at front cowl section and near foot.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 461-466
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: An application of artificial neural network to exhaust emission modelling from diesel engine
Autorzy:: Reszka, K.
Rakoczy, J.
Morgiel, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242238.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
simulation
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: Processes of the combustion of liquid fuels and solid are more complex than combustion of fuel gases. With reference to liquid fuels occur additionally processes of vaporization of the fuel, and with reference to solid fuels - decomposition of the solid phase with processes of melting and vaporization, pyrolysis, or gasification. This simultaneous and also different influence of different parameters is sometimes a reason of incorrect interpretation of experimental results. The study of the theoretical model of the combustion process concerning of liquid and solid fuels and which then the model takes into account also the gas- phase, because combustion processes take place in this phase, and occurs the interaction of the phase gas- and liquid or the solid one. The theoretical model is presented basing on experimental initial researches realized in a model with reference to liquid fuels and solid ones. Researches realized in the constant volume chamber with measurements of the pressure during the process of the combustion with the use of quick photography and with measurement of the distribution of the velocity in the spray of the fuel and droplet measurements by means the laser Doppler equipment LDV and PDPA. There were obtained a good agreement of findings experimental researches with the theoretical model. Generally on the combustion velocity of liquid fuels and solid one significant influence has a kind (laminar, temporary and turbulent) and the thickness of the thermal boundary layer.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 365-367
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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