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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Odwieczność - okiem przyrodnika czyli meandry filogenezy świata zwierząt
    Primordiality from the Naturalist’s Point of View. The Intricacies of the Animal Phylogeny
    Autorzy:
    Blaszak, Czesław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1042252.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    filogeneza
    zwierzęta
    kontrowersje
    phylogeny
    animals
    intricacie
    intricacies
    Opis:
    In the present review, an attempt to define the animal kingdom against a background of other kingdoms in the domain of eukaryotic organisms is presented,showing the common features linking the animal kingdom with the kingdom of fungi.The animals were clearly separated from other kingdoms through two unique systemscharacteristic of them: nervous and muscular. The matter is complicated by the fact that in the four types of the animal kingdom (Porifera, Placozoa) the nervous and muscular systems are absent. Therefore, zoologists proposed the name Metazoa multicellularanimal – for the animal kingdom. The main problematic issues of monophyly based onselected phylogenetic groups and phyla are discussed. In addition to the phylogenetictree (based on monophyly) the punctuated equilibrium was established for four independentgroups: Porifera, Cnidaria, Protostomia, Deuterostomia. Finally, the position ofthe animal kingdom in the monophyletic point of view and against a background of all other organisms is presented.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Centrum Badań im. Edyty Stein; 2016, 15; 13-34
    1895-2984
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Centrum Badań im. Edyty Stein
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bashkirian Rugosa (Anthozoa) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine). Part 7. The Family Neokoninckophyllidae Fomichev, 1953, with a preliminary revision of Moscovian taxa
    Autorzy:
    Fedorowski, Jerzy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/139333.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    carboniferous
    pennsylvanian
    neokoninckophyllidae
    emendation
    phylogeny
    palaeogeographic implications
    karbon
    pensylwan
    filogeneza
    implikacje paleogeograficzne
    Opis:
    The Family Neokoninckophyllidae and its type genus Neokoninckophyllum Fomichev, 1939 (type species: N. tanaicum Fomichev, 1939) are discussed and emended. In addition, the genera Orygmophyllum Fomichev, 1953 and Yuanophylloides Fomichev, 1953, originally included in the Families Campophyllidae Wedekind, 1922 and Lophophyllidae Grabau, 1928, respectively, are emended as well and transferred to the Neokoninckophyllidae. Two early Bashkirian species, viz. Yuanophylloides rectus (Vassilyuk in Aizenverg et al., 1983) and Y. inauditus (Moore and Jeffords, 1945), and the Moscovian Neokoninckophyllum sp. nov. are described on the basis of new collections from the Donets Basin. Neokoninckophyllum tanaicum, Yuanophylloides gorskyi Fomichev, 1953 (both Moscovian in age) and Y. cruciformis Fomichev, 1953 (latest Bashkirian), are redescribed on the basis of peels taken from Fomichev’s (1953) type specimens. Derivation of the Family Neokoninckophyllidae from the Subfamily Dibunophyllinae Wang, 1950 is postulated and phylogenetic links within the former are hinted at. The occurrence of Yuanophylloides inauditus in both the Donets Basin and the Western Interior Province of North America points to marine communication between those areas during the Bashkirian. The slightly earlier appearance of the oldest neokoninckophyllids in the Donets Basin, in comparison to North America (i.e., R1 vs R2 ammonoid biozones), documents the common roots and monophyletic development of the Neokoninckophyllidae in both areas.
    Źródło:
    Acta Geologica Polonica; 2019, 69, 1; 51-87
    0001-5709
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Geologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stan biologiczny populacji ludzkich a przemiany środowiska społeczno-ekonomicznego
    Biological status of human populations and changes of the socio-economic environment
    Autorzy:
    Siniarska, Anna
    Wolański, Napoleon
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1817652.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    ekologia człowieka
    filogeneza
    ontogeneza
    mutacja
    selekcja
    human ecology
    phylogeny
    ontogeny
    mutation
    selection
    Opis:
    Adaptation of life to the environment occurs at two levels - that of an individual and that of a population. In the first step of the process of adaptation variability is produced. It provides necessary material for the second step - selection. Variability is generated during the phylogeny, from one generation to the next. However, variability can also be generated during individual ontogeny at least by protective mechanisms of instinctive behaviors of animals and conscious cultural human actions. Variability originates from point mutations and chromosomal aberrations occurring during transmission of genetic material from generation to generation and through activation, or deactivation, of genes that alters their expression. This variability determines phenotypic differences among individuals. Variability thus produced is subjected to selection because how a phenotype is formed determines its ability to survive and to produce offspring. In human populations, adaptation occurs via biological and via cultural processes. Humans with their culture - especially medicine and social care - protect lives of individuals who otherwise would have been eliminated by natural selection.Hereditary differences among various geographic groups of modern people occur with low frequency - just a fraction of a percentage point. From observations of phenotypes it can be concluded that both structural alterations in the DNA and differences in gene expression cause variations, the majority of genes are inactive at various stages of ontogeny, while various portions of the genotype become active at different times in the life of an individual.Environment influences variation in three ways: (1) by causing mutations or by altering gene expression and (2) by providing conditions for the formation of a phenotype coded by a particular genotype and (3) as a factor of selection, including occurrence of cultural behaviors modifying effects of natural selection. It seems that the main aim of future research in human ecology should be search for the answer to following questions: 1. Can gene expression be changed during ontogeny? 2. To what extent such changes can be inherited? 3. To what extent is there an increase in the occurrence of genes that do not allow survival without special care (genetic load), and 4. How will all this influence future of our species? 
    Źródło:
    Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2006, 4, 1; 17-41
    1733-1218
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Early Bashkirian Rugosa (Anthozoa) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine). Part 6. The Family Aulophyllidae Dybowski, 1873
    Autorzy:
    Fedorowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/139284.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Donets Basin
    Rugosa (Aulophyllidae)
    Bashkirian
    taxonomy
    phylogeny
    relationships
    Basen Doniecki
    Rugosa
    Baszkir
    taksonomia
    filogeneza
    relacje
    Opis:
    Seven genera (one new), belonging to four subfamilies, seven named species (six new), four species left in open nomenclature and two specimens included in this paper as unnamed Aulophyllidae are described from strata ranging from the lowermost Bashkirian Limestone D510 to the lower Bashkirian Limestone F1. A new genus: Voragoaxum and six new species: Dibunophyllum medium, Dibunophylloides columnatus, D. paulus, D. similis, Voragoaxum cavum and Rozkowskia lenta are introduced. Comparison of the ontogeny of the earliest Bashkirian species of Nina Fedorowski, 2017a and Dibunophylloides Fomichev, 1953 suggest the derivation by descent of the Family Bothrophyllidae from the Subfamily Dibunophyllinae. This means that true bothrophylla are absent in the Mississippian strata of the Western European Province and, perhaps, in the contemporaneous strata of other areas as well.
    Źródło:
    Acta Geologica Polonica; 2017, 67, 4; 459-514
    0001-5709
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Geologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Język jako rezultat procesu fulguracji w ujęciu Konrada Lorenza
    Language as Result of the Fulguration Process in Konrad Lorenz’s Approach
    Autorzy:
    Breś, Jerzy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013939.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    antyredukcjonizm
    ewolucja
    filogeneza
    fulguracja
    kultura
    przyroda
    superfulguracja
    symbol
    wiedza
    wzorzec zachowania
    anti-reductionism
    evolution
    phylogeny
    fulguration
    culture
    nature
    superfulguration
    knowledge
    behavior pattern
    Opis:
    The article presents the conception of biological conditionings of language in Konrad Z. Lorenz’s approach. In Lorenz’s works the category of fulguration is the main philosophical category. It means the creation of ‘something new’ as result of the process of a sequence of phenomena that are causally related. Viewing the human race from the historical perspective Lorenz differentiates two important fulgurations, called superfulgurations. One of them is the transition from the “experiencing I” to the “conscious I”. Development of man’s mental sphere made it possible to form “verbal speech”. More broadly, in Lorenz’s approach, also culture has its subjectivization in nature. Cognition is an element of an organism’s behavior, and what is more, every mechanism of learning evolved phylogenetically. However, this does not result in strict determinism – various cultures are developed independently of one another. In the process of development of culture a special role is played by symbolization. Lorenz differentiates two types of symbols: symbols of a group (e.g. emblem) and language symbols. Language symbols were created in the regularity formed in the process of phylogeny, that is in conceptual thinking. In his philosophical explanation of the language structure Lorenz uses the data supplied by particular sciences. Moreover, language behaviors of particular people are conditioned by their personal experiences, and by the definite social and cultural milieu they live in.  
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2005, 53, 1; 45-53
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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