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Tytuł:
Ocena funkcjonowania podatków od dochodów osób fizycznych oraz osób prawnych w Polsce
Personal and corporate income taxes in Poland
Autorzy:
Felis, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11364351.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
income tax
personal income tax
corporate income tax
Opis:
The article looks at the selected issues related to personal income tax and corporate income tax in Poland. The author discusses the legal framework of taxes and presents empirical data analysis. First, he examines whether there is a correlation between the legislative changes to income taxes and the state budget revenues. Next, he discusses regulations of income taxes which are of particular importance for the entrepreneurial activities. Finally, the efficiency of the personal income tax redistribution is asserted.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2018, 2(54); 11-38
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Różnicowanie zasad opodatkowania dochodów osób fizycznych w zależności od rodzaju źródeł przychodów – uzasadnione czy bezpodstawne
Diversification of taxation on personal income depending on the source of income. Justified or not?
Autorzy:
Huchla, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11364413.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
income taxes
personal income tax
incomes
sources of income
Opis:
The article looks at the selected issues concerning personal income tax in Poland depending on the source of income. The first section provides legal definitions and various types of income sources. Next, the author investigates in detail the source of income as one of the crucial aspects of personal income tax construction, which affects tax exemptions, amount of deductable costs and other features of regulatory framework.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2018, 2(54); 245-255
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
INCOME TAXES, PUBLIC FISCAL POLICY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
Autorzy:
Wołowiec, Tomasz
Skica, Tomasz
Gercheva, Galya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
personal income tax
corporate income tax
budgetary system
fiscal policy
economic growth
Opis:
The main goal of this article is to find the relationship between public fiscal policy and economic growth. The article consist of a few parts. The first is an introduction, which creates the background for the analysis in the following sections. It shows the main point of view on public fiscal policy especially in the case of personal income tax and creates a framework for the analysis of the relationship between taxation and economic growth. The second part focuses on the relations between central government decisions on taxation and its influence on savings, investments and economic growth. In this part we will find selected analyses of the impact of taxes on economic growth based on the examples of OECD countries. Finally, the last part of the work is a study on fiscal level and tax system structures and economic growth. In this part the authors checks two points of view on taxation. The first is that a low level tax burden is conducive to economic growth, and the second emphasizes negative consequences of decreasing budget tax revenues. The article shows both theoretical and empirical points of view on taxation and influence of government taxation decisions on the economy.
Źródło:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse; 2014, 10, 3; 52-64
1734-039X
Pojawia się w:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opodatkowanie przychodów z tytułu koszeryzacji żywności zryczałtowanym podatkiem dochodowym od przychodów osób duchownych
Taxation of income from koshering food with the flat rate income tax on the income of the clergy
Autorzy:
Duda-Hyz, Michalina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1887376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-18
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
koszeryzacja
podatek dochodowy od osób fizycznych
duchowni
zryczałtowany podatek dochodowy od przychodów osób fizycznych
kosherization
personal income tax
clergy
flat rate income tax on the income of natural persons
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest analiza przepisów normujących zryczałtowany podatek dochodowy od przychodów osób duchownych w kontekście opodatkowania wynagrodzenia rabinów i podrabinów za czynności związane z koszeryzacją żywności. Badania przeprowadzone na potrzeby niniejszej publikacji opierają się na następujących tezach badawczych. Po pierwsze, w przypadku czerpania przez rabinów i podrabinów dochodów z tytułu koszeryzacji żywności spełnione są przesłanki podmiotowa i funkcjonalna. Podatnikiem jest bowiem osoba duchowna, zaś podejmowane przez nią w ramach koszeryzacji czynności stanowią formę funkcji o charakterze duszpasterskim. Po drugie, o możliwości skorzystania z uproszczonej formy opodatkowania przesądza status jednostki organizacyjnej, w ramach której zatrudnione są osoby duchowne oraz sposób ukształtowania stosunku prawnego stanowiącego podstawę wypłaty wynagrodzenia.
The aim of the article was to analyse the legal provisions regulating the flat rate income tax on the income of the clergy with respect to the taxation of remuneration of rabbis and assistant rabbis for activities related to koshering food. The research conducted for the purposes of this publication is based on the following hypotheses. First, in the case of rabbis and assistant rabbis who draw income from koshering food, the conditions pertaining to the subject and function are fulfilled, as the taxpayer is a member of the clergy, and the activities undertaken by such a person in the course of kosherization have a pastoral function. Second, the possibility of using a simplified form of taxation is determined by the status of the organizational unit within which members of the clergy are employed and the manner in which the legal relationship constituting the basis for payment of remuneration is formed.
Źródło:
Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego; 2021, 24; 87-108
2081-8882
2544-3003
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN PERSONAL AND CORPORATE INCOME TAX
Autorzy:
Skica, Tomasz
Wołowiec, Tomasz
Pavlov, Pavel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06-05
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
personal income tax
corporate income tax
fiscal stimulus
budgetary system
fiscal policy
Opis:
The main goal of this article is to discuss the mutual economic relations between personal and corporate income taxes. The article consists of three parts. The first is an introduction to these taxes and taxation. The second is the analysis in which the objective of the taxation is discussed. This part represents the trends in research on taxation and clarifies the aspects of taxes that should be considered in an optimal tax system construction. These include solutions which stimulate taxpayer behavior, the economically and socially oriented objectives of taxation, and guides needed for tax equalization. The conclusions are focused on the tax rates in personal and corporate income tax and their influence on economic behavior of firms and individuals. The authors show different points of view on tax rate equalization and discuss its consequences.
Źródło:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse; 2014, 10, 1; 60-68
1734-039X
Pojawia się w:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
TAX PREFERENCES IN THE CZECH AND POLISH PERSONAL INCOME TAXES
Autorzy:
Burzec, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915829.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
personal income tax
tax preferences
comparative tax law
Opis:
Article presents tax preferences in Czech Republic and Poland in the comparative aproach. The aim of the comparative study is to show how particular problems can be tackled by different countries by different measures. Both in Poland and the Czech Republic it is possible to identify common problems in the area of the tax law. One of such problems is an appropriate shape of tax preferences within the income tax contruction. The aim of the present article is to demonstrate how Poland and the Czech Republic, by shaping tax preferences within the construction of the income tax, tackle the problem of the taxpayer’s ability to pay. Further, it is shown how the two countries, by means of tax instruments, supplement their policy in areas as important as pro-family policy, supporting subjects implementing public tasks, the pension system, policy on people with disabilities, and housing policy.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2017, 30, 3; 89-105
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podatek dochodowy od osób fizycznych – dotychczasowy paradygmat
Personal Income Tax: the hitherto-prevalent paradigm
Autorzy:
Modzelewski, Witold
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1787874.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-14
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Podatkowych Modzelewski i wspólnicy
Tematy:
podatki dochodowe
podatek dochodowy od osób fizycznych
podatek regresywny
income tax(es)
personal income tax
regressive tax
Opis:
Koncepcje powszechnego podatku dochodowego od osób fizycznych mogą być tworzone na podstawie co najmniej dwóch przeciwstawnych paradygmatów: 1) podatku regresywnego, który wysoko opodatkowuje dochody ze stosunku pracy oraz ubezpieczenia i zabezpieczenia społecznego (głównie renty i emerytury) poprzez uzależnienie podatku od wysokości przychodów, a nie dochodów, oraz opodatkowuje rzeczywiste dochody (a nie przychody) z szeroko pojmowanej działalności gospodarczej – przez to podatek nawet formalnie posługujący się stawkami progresywnymi jest w rzeczywistości podatkiem regresywnym; 2) podatku proporcjonalnego lub nawet progresywnego, który nie dyskryminuje niskich dochodów poprzez opodatkowanie dochodów rzeczywistych lub zastosowanie relatywnie wysokiego minimum wolnego, zwłaszcza do dochodu ze stosunku pracy oraz rent i emerytur. Podatek będący podstawą pierwszego paradygmatu zapewnia jednak dużo wyższą efektywność fiskalną i większy wpływ budżetowy w porównaniu do modelu drugiego. Różnice mogą wynosić od 30% do 45% w zależności od wysokości minimum wolnego i stawek. Ukształtowany przez minione 30 lat, obowiązujący w Polsce podatek dochodowy od osób fizycznych został utworzony na podstawie pierwszego z powyższych paradygmatów; przyjęcie drugiego paradygmatu spowoduje istotny spadek wpływów budżetowych.
The concepts of common personal income tax can be developed based on at least two contradicting paradigms: 1) regressive tax, being a high tax on employment income and on national insurance/social security (mainly, pensions and retirement pensions), whose amount is based upon the amount of revenue rather than income, and the taxation of real income (rather than revenue) from business activities/operations (as a broad concept). Hence, a tax that formally uses progressive rates is, in effect, a regressive tax; 2) prorated or even progressive tax that does not discriminate low income, this through taxation on real income or resulting from application of a relatively high exempt minimum, particularly with regard to employment income and pensions/retirement pensions. The tax forming the basis of the former paradigm ensures a much higher fiscal efficiency and a higher State revenue budget as compared to the models of the latter: the differences may amount to 30% to 45%, depending on the exempt minimum amount and the rates. The CIT presently in force in Poland, as it has developed over the last thirty years, was formed on the basis of the former mentioned paradigm. Implementation of the other model would have caused an essential decrease in the budgetary revenue.
Źródło:
Doradztwo Podatkowe Biuletyn Instytutu Studiów Podatkowych; 2021, 8(300); 55-59
1427-2008
2449-7584
Pojawia się w:
Doradztwo Podatkowe Biuletyn Instytutu Studiów Podatkowych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Election cycle versus personal income tax reliefs in Poland
Autorzy:
Wyszkowski, Adam
Zegarowicz, Łukasz
Budlewska, Renata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128319.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
election cycle
tax relief
personal income tax
Opis:
Goal – The main objective of the paper is to verify if the relation between the election cycles and the number of tax reliefs in Poland exists and – if it exists – what is its direction and strengh. Hypothesis – Election cycles affect the dynamics of introducing tax reliefs into the Polish Personal Income Tax. Research methodology – The research hypothesis was verified by assessing the cyclical fluctuations of the trend function describing the number of reliefs in the Polish Personal Income Tax. The study covers the years 1991-2018. The authors’ own calculations made on the basis of the legislative changes made in the studied period to the Act on Personal Income Tax of 26th July 1991 provide the source material for the research. Score – The study confirms positive relation between the election cycles and the dynamics of introducing tax reliefs into the Polish Personal Income Tax. The number of tax reliefs in personal tax cyclically fluctuates and, moreover, the total number of introduced tax reliefs is significantly higher in the election years and lower in the other accordingly.
Źródło:
Optimum. Economic Studies; 2018, 3(93); 209-220
1506-7637
Pojawia się w:
Optimum. Economic Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Władztwo podatkowe państwa i samorządu terytorialnego w zakresie podatków dochodowych – model scentralizowany czy zdecentralizowany?
State tax authority and income tax collection. A centralized or decentralized model?
Autorzy:
Kulicki, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11364387.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
personal income tax
corporate income tax
local government units
tax authority
Opis:
The paper overviews the division of competences between the central government and local government units regarding tax authority in the field of income taxation of natural and legal persons. The author looks at the following issues: income taxes as a source of own revenue of local government units, division of tasks and competences in the field of establishing rules regarding income tax, entitlement of local government units to their rates and collection. In the last section of the paper he presents conclusions and recommendations on the division of tasks and competences between the central government and local government units regarding the income tax collection.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2018, 2(54); 93-112
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Does Household Tax Burden Have an Impact on Individuals’ Savings in Banks? The Case of Ukraine
Autorzy:
Sudak, Gennadiy
Yuliia, Savchenko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1965117.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
direct taxes
indirect taxes
personal income tax
government revenue
taxable income
effective tax burden
consumption
income structure
spending structure
savings
bank deposits
Ukraine
Opis:
This paper aims to assess the impact of the effective and nominal household tax burden on household deposits in Ukrainian banks. We used the effective tax burden, which includes personal income taxes and value-added tax (VAT) paid. We considered changes in Ukrainian tax law from 2003 to 2016, which included a change from progressive income taxation to proportional income taxation, a decrease in tax rates in 2003, and an increase in tax rates in 2014–2016. The data sample consists of publicly available data on Ukrainian households’ income, savings, and taxes paid in 1996–2019. The analysis was performed using panel regression and the difference-in-difference (DID) method. The tax burden impact on bank deposits is significant and is caused partly by the shadow economy. The results of the study are relevant for Ukraine and countries with similar economies. The methodological approaches developed in the paper can be used for similar studies in other developing countries.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2021, 8, 55; 378-389
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podatek dochodowy w kontekście rodziny
The income tax in the context of the family
Autorzy:
Mazurek, Edyta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/434006.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
personal income tax
tax fairness
re-ranking
equivalence scale
Opis:
The demographic problem, which consists not only in unfavourable changes in the population structure in terms of age, but also in the declining fertility rate, currently affects numerous countries, including Poland. As has been observed since 1992, the fertility rate in Poland has not guaranteed the simple replacement of generations. In the context of demographic threats it is crucial to implement the appropriate pro-family policy. Financial issues are pointed out as one of the main reasons for a low or negative population growth rate. The paper focuses on the analysis of the tax system in the context of helping families. The main purpose of the article is an overview of pro-family solutions-oriented income tax and the assessment of the fairness of the Polish income-tax system between groups of taxpayers extracted due to the family type. In comparisons between the different types of families drew attention to the aspect of the fairness, as well as the validity of the application of the equivalence scale.
Źródło:
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny; 2016, 14 (20); 75-88
1644-6739
Pojawia się w:
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tax on revenue from buildings after the latest amendment: characteristics and doubts
Autorzy:
Tekielak, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1595848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
tax on revenue from buildings
personal income tax
corporate income tax
Opis:
The aim of the article was to describe the current tax on revenue from buildings and to present the doubts connected with it. The author analysed legal acts, interpretations of the tax authorities, judgments of administrative courts, and views of tax law scholars and com- mentators for the article. The tax on revenue from buildings (until 2018 also known as the tax on commercial real estate) is a relatively new tax under Polish law. It was introduced in 2018, though it was amended considerably in 2019. Although it is regulated by the Personal Income Tax Act and the Corporate Income Tax Act, in fact it should be recognised as a kind of wealth tax. The taxpayers are the owners of buildings that are wholly or partially used for the purposes of tenancy, lease, and other similar contracts (the total value of the building has to exceed PLN 10 million). The tax rate is 0.035% of the buildings value, paid monthly. It can be deducted from advance payments for income tax, and next it can be deducted from the income tax amount indicated in an annual tax return. The tax has created many doubts over interpretation. Some of them could be eliminated through the legislature’s amendments to the relevant provisions.
Źródło:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis; 2020, 29, 1; 165-175
2083-4373
2545-3181
Pojawia się w:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Personal income tax from economic activity in Ukraine: some key issues and ways of solution
Podatek dochodowy od osób fizycznych z działalności gospodarczej na Ukrainie: kluczowe problemy i sposoby ich rozwiązania
Autorzy:
Rybchak, V.
Barabash, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2053095.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
Tematy:
personal income tax
personal income features
income from economic activity
tax base
tax differentiation
podatek dochodowy od ludności
podstawy opodatkowania
zróżnicowania podat
charakterystyka podatku dochodowego
dochody z działalności gospodarczej
Opis:
In tax system of Ukraine inconsiderable part is assigned for personal income tax from economic activity. However, its revision and improvement can restore justice in the taxation of citizens and also increase budget revenues. That’s why the article reveals the essence of personal income tax as a whole and taxation of persons engaged in business activity. Also a number of issues that the authors consider as disadvantages in the taxation of this sector are provided and the key ways of their solution are outlined.
W systemie podatkowym Ukrainy niewielka część zostaje przydzielona na poczet podatku dochodowego od osób fizycznych z działalności gospodarczej. Jednak, aktualizacja i udoskonalenie tego systemu mogłyby przywrócić sprawiedliwość opodatkowania dla obywateli, a także wpłynąć na wzrost przychodów dla budżetu. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia istotę podatku dochodowego od osób fizycznych jako całości oraz opodatkowanie osób zajmujących się działalnością gospodarczą. Także szereg kwestii, które autorzy uważają za wady w zakresie opodatkowania tej branży są wymienione, co więcej, autorzy przestawiają podstawowe sposoby ich rozwiązania.
Źródło:
Economic and Regional Studies; 2015, 08, 4; 82-94
2083-3725
2451-182X
Pojawia się w:
Economic and Regional Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The concept of fairness as a criterion for the assessment of the personal income tax in Poland
Autorzy:
Lewkowicz-Grzegorczyk, Katarzyna Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2124650.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
personal income tax
tax exemption
tax fairness
Opis:
Purpose – The aim of the article is to present the essence of tax justice in relation to the personal income tax in Poland. Research method – The realisation of the aim required using the method of descriptive and compa-rative analysis to assess the fairness of charging the personal income tax.Results – The results of the empirical study on the personal tax structure point to the progressive tax as the one which better fulfils the concept of tax justice. The common acceptance of the tax progression confirms the deeply rooted sense of vertical equity in the Polish society. According to this, higher taxes should be paid by the rich, while the less wealthy should be charged with lower taxes. Unfortunately, the structure of the personal income tax in Poland does not reflect this. On the basis of the evolution of the PIT tax structure, it is possible to determine flattening of the progression due to the introduction of the two-stage tax scale. What is more, one may experience frequent ethical doubts connected with tax exemptions, and especially with the rules of granting them.Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Author’s own evaluation of the personal income tax in terms of tax fairness.
Źródło:
Optimum. Economic Studies; 2021, 4(106); 83-96
1506-7637
Pojawia się w:
Optimum. Economic Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some Considerations on Measuring the Progressive Principle Violations and the Potential Equity in Income Tax Systems
Autorzy:
Mazurek, Edyta
Vernizzi, Achille
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/465928.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
equity
personal income tax
progressive principle
redistribution
re-ranking
Opis:
Kakwani and Lambert (1998) state three axioms which should be respected by an equitable tax system; then they propose a measurement system to evaluate at the same time the negative influences that axiom violations exert on the redistributive effect of taxes, and the potential equity of the tax system, which would be attained in absence of departures from equity. The authors calculate both the potential equity and the losses due to axiom violations, starting from the Kakwani (1977) progressivity index and the Kakwani (1984) decomposition of the redistributive effect. In this paper, we focus on the measure suggested by Kakwani and Lambert for the loss in potential equity, which is due to violations of the progressive principle: the authors’ measure is based on the tax rate re-ranking index, calculated with respect to the ranking of pre-tax income distribution. The aim of the paper is to achieve a better understanding of what Kakwani and Lambert’s measure actually represents, when it corrects the actual Kakwani progressivity index. The authors’ measure is first of all considered under its analytical aspects and then observed in different simulated tax systems. In order to better highlight its behaviour, simulations compare Kakwani and Lambert’s measure with the potential equity of a counterfactual tax distribution, which respects the progressive principle and preserves the overall tax revenue. The analysis presented in this article is performed by making use of the approach recently introduced by Pellegrino and Vernizzi (2013).
Źródło:
Statistics in Transition new series; 2014, 15, 3; 467-486
1234-7655
Pojawia się w:
Statistics in Transition new series
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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