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Wyszukujesz frazę "graptolite" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
Tytuł:
Graptolodendrum mutabile n.gen., n.sp. - an aberrant dendroid graptolite
Graptolodendrum mutabile n.gen., n.sp. - aberrantny graptolit dendroidowy
Graptolodendrum mutabile n.gen., n.sp. - aberrantnyjj dendroidnyjj graptolit
Autorzy:
Kozlowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22590.pdf
Data publikacji:
1966
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
paleontology
Graptolodendrum mutabile
new genus
new species
dendroid graptolite
graptolite
Polska
Dendroidea
Middle Ordovician
Ordovician
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1966, 11, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Convergent evolution of two Silurian graptolites
Autorzy:
Lenz, A C
Melchin, M.J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
taxonomy
biostratigraphy
paleontology
Graptoloidea
nomenclature
graptolite species
convergent evolution
Cochlograptus veles
Testograptus testis
Silurian graptolite
Monograptidae
Opis:
The two graptolite speciesCochlograptus veles(Telychian, Upper Llandovery) and Testograptus testis(lower Homerian, upper Wenlock) are remarkably and uniquely similar in being strongly ventrally and planispirally coiled and in demonstrating an abrupt deflection in the immediate post−sicular regions of their rhabdosomes. The two species, however, are separated by a relatively large biostratigraphic gap and a global mass extinction, and they differ morphologically in the proportion of thecal overlap, different angles of inclination of the interthecal septa, relative proportions of the widths occupied by the free metathecae, the position of the sharp dorsal flexure relative to the tip of the sicula, and the presence of a distinctive, keel−like structure on T. testis. It is suggested therefore, that in spite of the strong proximal morphological parallelism between the two species, their origin is best explained as a remarkable example of convergent evolution. It is suggested that C. veles perhaps evolved from some modified monograptid such as Stimulograptus, whereas the small Testograptus group may have derived from some monograptid such as Monograptus flemingii. Cladistic analysis fully supports the independent derivation the two species. If correct, this hypothesis supports the validity of separate generic names for the two species, despite the close and unique rhabdosomal similarities, including proximal metathecal form.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2008, 53, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Silurian retiolitid graptolite Plectograptus: New observations and new species
Autorzy:
Bates, D.E.B.
Kozlowska, A.
Maletz, J.
Kirk, N.H.
Lenz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20525.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Graptoloidea
Plectograptus
Retiolitidae
rhabdosome
Silurian
graptolite
new species
paleontology
retiolitid graptolite
Ludlow
morphology
terminology
systematics
Opis:
The Ludlow genus Plectograptus, with the type species Retiolites macilentus Törnquist, 1887, collected from Thuringia (Germany), has been a widely−identified, monospecific, but poorly understood taxon for almost one hundred years. This was due to poor and incomplete preservation of the type material, and misidentification by subsequent authors up to 1995. The original, and only, type specimen of P. macilentus collected by Törnquist being lost, a neotype is herein selected from a small collection of Thuringian material. The genus has now been redefined and based on this, and SEM studies of isolated material, the defining characteristics of the genus are (i) the possession of a simple ancora umbrella with five radial lists with an incompletely developed rim; (ii) an ancora umbrella separated from lateral ancora sleeve walls by exceptionally large lateral orifices; (iii) the possession of mid−ventral lists; (iv) simple, orderly zigzag lateral wall ancora sleeve lists. Recently, two additional species, P. robustus and P. wimani, previously placed in different genera, were assigned to Plectograptus. This study recognizes three new species: P. mobergi, P. toernquisti, and P. trijunctus, bringing the total number of species to six. Species are distinguished by the presence or absence of genicular processes, inclination of the thecal ventral walls and mid−ventral lists, presence or absence of reticular lists, and three−way or four−way sleeve/lateral rod/apertural lip junctions.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2006, 51, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The ultrastructure and building of graptolite dissepiments
Autorzy:
Urbanek, A
Mierzejewski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22043.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
paleontology
ultrastructure
graptolite
building
rhabdosome
dendroid graptolite
Hemichordata
Graptolithoidea
Dendroidea
Dictyonema
dissepiment
skeletal tissue
Ordovician
Opis:
Dissepiments or connecting bars between adjacent stipes in rhabdosomes of dendroid graptolites were studied by means of electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The material, chemically isolated from rock matrix, originating from the Ordovician of Estonia and glacial boulders of Baltic origin found in Poland, is assigned provisionally to the genus “Dictyonema” sensu lato. Early growth stages of dissepiments are made only of the fusellar component. Older dissepiments are composed of the central core and the outer envelope: the central core is made of rather irregularly arranged growth units made of the fusellar tissue, whereas the outer envelope has a distinct cortical appearance. TEM observations indicate that the fusellar component is made of both typical fusellar and microfusellar tissues (the latter with complete and reduced microfuselli). The cortical component of dissepiments is made both of dependent and independent cortex. The opinion is advanced that the dissepiments were constructed externally by the mortaring activities of zooids, similar to that of Recent Cephalodiscus. Our observations indicate that bizooids were most probable dissepiment constructors. These results, in general, does not support earlier opinions that dissepiments are made of cortical tissue acquiring a fusellar aspect in some cases, and that dissepiments were produced by the extrathecal membrane surrounding the rhabdosome.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2009, 54, 2; 243-252
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Le developpement dun graptolite Tuboide
Rozwój graptolita tuboidowego
Razvitie tuboidnogo graptolita
Autorzy:
Kozlowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21603.pdf
Data publikacji:
1963
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
paleontology
graptolite
Tuboidea
Dendrotubus wimani
Dendrotubus erraticus
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1963, 08, 2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Agastograptus from the mulde beds of Gotland
Agastograptus z warstw mulde Gotlandii
Autorzy:
Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21121.pdf
Data publikacji:
1991
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Agastograptus
graptolite
Heloretiolites lawsoni
Retiolites balticus
taxonomy
paleontology
Gotland
Opis:
Agastograptus lawsoni (Holland, Rickards et Warren 1969), known previously as Holoretiolites (Balticograptus) lawsoni Holland, Rickards et Warren 1969 from upper Wenlock of Shropshire is described from Mulde Beds of Gotland. A new diagnosis of the species, basing on abundant and well preserved fossils, has been formulated. Former Retiolites balticus Eisenack is removed from the genus Agastograptus.
Zbadano około 70 dobrze zachowanych okazów retiolitidów, pochodzących z warstw Mulde (górny wenlok) Gotlandii, co umożliwiło zbadanie astogenezy i wyróżnienie cech diagnostycznych gatunku. Stwierdzono też kilkanaście anormalnie wykształconych rabdosomów. Gatunek ten opisany był z górnego wenloku Shropshire przez Holanda, Rickardsa i Warrena (1969) jako Holoretiolites (Balticograptus) lawsoni, jednak zły stan zachowania materiału nie pozwolił im ustalić liczby wyrostków aperturalnych. Zdaniem autorki należy on do rodzaju Agastograptus Obut et Zaslavskaya 1983. Jednocześnie autorka proponuje wyłączyć z rodzaju Agastograptus dawny gatunek Retiolites balticus Eisenack z uwagi na występowanie pojedynczego wyrostka aperturalnego oraz brak beleczek pleuralnych i zygzakowatego wzoru klatrium ścian lateralnych.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1991, 36, 2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kirkigraptus, a new retiolitid graptolite from Poland
Autorzy:
Kozlowska, A
Bates, D.E.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
deposit
Polska
systematics
paleontology
Silurian
Kirkigraptus inexpectans
retiolitid skeleton
Retiolitidae
graptolite
Graptolithina
retiolitid graptolite
new species
new aspect
East European Platform
evolution
Opis:
The new retiolitid graptolite Kirkigraptus inexpectans gen. et sp. nov., from the Neodiversograptus nilssoni Biozone of the Bartoszyce borehole, Poland is described. It is unique among the retiolitids not having a preserved virgella or ancora. Instead the most proximal structures are two round proxi−lateral lists, joining the two genicular lists of the first thecae, connecting the two sides of the rhabdosome. The lists are interpreted as a possible homologue of the distal edge of the ancora umbrella in typical retiolitids. The size of rhabdosome with large proximal lateral orifices, and the ventral panels of thecae with mid−ventral lists, are similar to those of Plectograptus, whereas the two ancora sleeve panels consisting of spaced horizontal lists only, resemble those of Valentinagraptus. It is possible that the new retiolitid may represent a new pattern of development of the proximal end of the rhabdosome, different from that in all other retiolitids.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2008, 53, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Morphogenetic gradients in graptolites and bryozoans
Autorzy:
Urbanek, A
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Bilateria
clone
graptolite
morphogenetic gradient
colony
bryozoan
paleontology
Hox gene
Opis:
Despite independent evolution of coloniality in hemichordates and bryozoans, their colonies show common features. In both instances colony is a genet or clonal system composed of zygotic oozooid and a number of blastozooids (= modules) integrated by physical continuity of tissues, sharing a common genotype and subject to common morphogenetic control. In some groups of graptolites and bryozoans, colonies display a regular morphological gradient. Simple graptoloid and bryozoan colonies consist of a proximal zone of astogenetic change and a distal zone of astogenetic repetition. Observed morphological gradient may be attributed to diffusion, along the colony axis, of a morphogen produced by the oozooid; in the zone of astogenetic change the morphogen is above certain threshold level and drops below it in the zone of astogenetic repetition. This model is supported by observations on regeneration of fractured graptoloid colonies. Regenerative branch never displays astogenetic change. The same rule is valid for regeneration of fractured bryozoan colonies. While the early astogeny of simple bryozoan colonies may be explained within the framework of the gradient theory, the late astogeny of more complex ones involves multiple succession of zones of change and repetition, without analogy in astogeny of graptoloids. Thus, late astogeny in bryozoan colonies may be controlled by cyclic somatic/reproductive changes, probably independent of the primary morphogen. Evolutionary changes in the graptoloid colonies involve both the spreading of the novelties over a greater number of zooids (penetrance) and an increase in the degree of phenotypic manifestation of a given character (expressivity). In the phylogeny of bilaterian colonies morphogenetic gradient probably originated as a sort of a side effect of sexual process leading to the appearance of the oozooid. The latter contaminated the neighbouring blastozooids with the products of its own morphogenesis. The resulting morphogenetic gradient could be used by selective forces to produce various effects of adaptive significance. Morphogens responsible for patterning of bilaterian colonies are probably related to the products of genes responsible for the anteroposterior control of embryos in all solitary Bilateria (Hox, zootype genes).
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2004, 49, 4
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new type of colony in Silurian (upper Wenlock) retiolitid graptolite Spinograptus from Poland
Autorzy:
Kozlowska, A.
Dobrowolska, K.
Bates, D.E.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22266.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
new type
colony
Silurian
retiolitid graptolite
Spinograptus
Graptoloidea
Retiolitidae
Polska
paleontology
Opis:
The new retiolitid species, Spinograptus tubothecalis, is described from the Colonograptus praedeubeli and C. deubeli biozones from two localities in Poland: a borehole on the East European Platform and the Holy Cross Mountains. This was a recovery phase after the severe Silurian Cyrtograptus lundgreni Event. The new species has a unique, previously undescribed form of finite rhabdosome. Unlike the species Spinograptus reticulolawsoni and S. lawsoni, in which the fi− nite rhabdosomes taper distally, its rhabdosome is parallel−sided with the two distal thecae developed as isolated tubes without genicular processes, with a small appendix between them. The new species also has preserved membranes of the sicula, thecae and ancora sleeve, similar to a few species of Spinograptus from the lower Homerian. Spinograptus tubothecalis, like Spinograptus clathrospinosus and S. spinosus, has paired reticulofusellar genicular processes on the pre−thecal ventral orifices, similar to but shorter than thecal processes. Transverse rods, a rare character in post−Cyrto− graptus lundgreni Event retiolitids occur in the new species in rudimentary form.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2013, 58, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolution of retiolitid graptolites - a synopsis
Autorzy:
Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23196.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Holoretiolites
Ludlow
Retiolitidae
retiolitid graptolite
paleobiology
Silurian
evolution
Graptoloidea
paleontology
rhabdosome reduction
Opis:
Twenty million years of retiolitid evolution reflect environmental changes, the most severe being the Silurian Cyrtograptus lundgreni Event. Five biostratigraphically and morphologically constrained retiolitid faunas are distinguished and characterized according to their rhabdosomal modifications: (1) the oldest and long−ranging Llandovery group of mostly large and morphologically complex rhabdosomes, (2) the less diverse Telychian−Sheinwoodian group, (3) the Cyrtograptus lundgreni Biozone varied group of intermediate size, and two short−ranged (4) late Homerian, and (5) early Ludlow groups with small rhabdosomes. Although the evolutionary history of retiolitids was complex and not linear, a common tendency toward reduction of rhabdosome size in most lineages is observed. The greatest reduction in both number and volume of thecae, and in skeletal elements is demonstrated in the Gothograptus and Plectograptusfaunas. Contrary to the thecal decrease, a distinctive increase of sicula size is observed in retiolitids. Two types of colonies are distinguished: L−colonies with a small sicula and numerous large thecae of similar size, and S−colonies with a long sicula and a few, small thecae. These changes imply modification of the soft body: an increase in siculozooid length and a decrease in the size of the zooids. Thus, the siculozooid probably produced great amounts of morphogen inhibiting zooid growth. In consequence the phenomenon of colony reduction occurred. The most extreme stages of rhabdosome reduction in Ludlow retiolitids can be seen in Plectodinemagraptus gracilis of the Plectograptuslineage and in the new species Holoretiolites helenaewitoldi, possibly representing the last stage of skeletal reduction in the Gothograptus lineage; the next hypothetical stage would be its total loss. The sicula length of Holoretiolites, about 2 mm, is reported herein for the first time.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2004, 49, 4
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Autothecal morphs and dormancy in the camaroid graptolite Xenotheka
Autorzy:
Mierzejewski, P
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23262.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Xenotheka klinostoma
Graptolithina
Camaroidea
Sweden
Ordovician
microfossil
ultrastructure
paleontology
dormancy
camaroid graptolite
Opis:
The camaroid graptolite Xenotheka klinostoma Eisenack, 1937 is described from the lower Llanvirn limestones of Gilbergabrottet, northern Öland, Sweden. Two distinct autothecal morphs are recognized: (1) normal morph (described for the first time), i.e. an autotheca with an unsculptured outer surface, devoid of both an outer lining and autothecal occlusion, and inhabited by an active zooid; and (2) sealed morph, i.e. an autotheca coated and occluded, provided with a sculptured outer lining made of a unique verrucose fabric, and inhabited by an inactive or dormant zooid. In addition, the existence of a hypothetical (3) unsealed morph or re−opened autotheca, devoid of an autothecal occlusion but provided with an outer lining, and inhabited by a reactivated zooid, is predicted. The sealed morphs may represent an adaptation which allowed their inhabitants to survive adverse conditions. The outer lining of Xenotheka is compared with a peculiar outer membrane found in the modern hemichordate Rhabdopleura, from the intertidal zone of Fiji, and with camaroid extracamaral tissue.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2003, 48, 1
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The ultrastructure, development, and systematic position of the graptolite genus Mastigograptus
Autorzy:
Bates, D E B
Urbanek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21265.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Graptolithina
internal structure
graptolite
development
remains
Pterobranchia
taxonomy
systematic position
stratigraphy
Mastigograptus
Ordovician
ultrastructure
paleontology
Opis:
Fragments of rhabdosomes isolated by chemical treatment from an erratic boulder of Baltic origin and ?Middle Ordovician age, provisionally assigned to Mastigograptus aff. tenuiramosus (Wallcott, 1881) were studied with SEM. Although exceptionally well preserved, remains lack the thin−walled free portions of thecae. Rhabdosomes are provided with a strongly developed basal disc, short stem and many branched stipes. The latter consist of heavily corticalized chains of stolothecae with alternately disposed thecal bases. Stolothecae display a morphological gradient and increase in size and change in shape distalwards. The stolon system studied with SEM on naturally and artificially broken specimens, as well as traced through open thecal bases, reveals a regular triad budding but no stolon inside the stolothecal cavity. We tentatively suggest that crassal lining, recognized earlier by TEM studies, corresponds to an unusually inflated stolonal stolon, filling the entire thecal cavity and adhering tightly to stolothecal wall. The systematic position of Mastigograptus, a matter of long debate, seems to be defined by a number of structural features which imply a distinct difference between genus in question and all known orders of sessile graptolites. The order Mastigograptida nov. and the family Mastigograptidae nov. are proposed.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2002, 47, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New and unusual upper Llandovery graptolites from Arctic Canada
Autorzy:
Lenz, A C
Kozlowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20163.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
graptolite
Mirorgraptus arcticus
Silurian
Llandovery
skeleton
morphology
Arctic Canada
Pseudoplegmatograptus cf.obesus
stratigraphy
systematics
Giganteograptus giganteus
biostratigraphy
paleontology
Graptoloidea
Pileograptus pileatus
Opis:
Three isolated and well−preserved retiolitid taxa, two of them new, and one taxon of unknown affinity, are described from the upper Llandovery of Arctic Canada. All taxa display unusual characteristics The three retiolitids display extraordinary morphological features: Pseudoplegmatograptus cf. obesus preserves very delicate and lacey or cobweb−like list structures external to the main skeletal lists, structures previously seen only rarely on flattened material; Pileograptus pileatus gen. et sp. nov. possesses a thecal framework typical of retiolitines, particularly Stomatograptus, but its thecal orifices possess broad, meshwork genicular hoods similar to those in the plectograptines; and Giganteograptus giganteus, formerly attributed to Pseudoplegmatograptus, with its very coarse and relatively simple skeletal framework, well−developed paired thecal apertural spines, and a pustulose micro−ornamentation on the lists. The latter feature suggests an assignment to the subfamily Plectograptinae, rather than to the Retiolitinae as has been previously presumed. The presence of pustulose lists in Giganteograptus adds a further complication to understanding of retiolitid evolution. Mirorgraptus arcticus gen. et sp. nov., the fourth taxon and of unknown systematic affinity, lacks the proximal end, but preserves lists with seams and some fusellar material suggestive of some type of new retiolitid. Unlike known retiolitids or other graptolites, however, the skeletal list development is apparently confined to a narrow region along one side of the nema.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2007, 52, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14

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