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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Unsuccessful predation on Middle Paleozoic plankton: Shell injury and anomalies in Devonian dacryoconarid tentaculites
    Autorzy:
    Berkyova, S
    Fryda, J.
    Lukes, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22057.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Tentaculitoidea
    tentaculite
    predation
    Middle Paleozoic
    Paleozoic
    plankton
    Devonian
    shell repair
    dacryoconarid tentaculite
    paleontology
    Opis:
    Anomalous development of shell ornamentation and repaired shell injury in the Early Devonian dacryoconarid tentaculites are documented and interpreted as either a repaired injury of the shell (evidence of unsuccessful predation obscured by recrystallization), or as a result of an anomalous function of the mantle, caused by injury of the soft body. The manner of shell repair, which resembles the way that some modern marine animals, such as mollusks, repair their shells, is discussed. The issue of phylogenetic affinities of tentaculites has been also outlined. These findings represent the first documentation of unsuccessful predation on the Middle Paleozoic plankton.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2007, 52, 2
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The revision of 'Cladodus' occidentalis, a Late Paleozoic ctenacanthiform shark
    Autorzy:
    Ginter, M
    Ivanov, A.
    Lebedev, O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20599.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Carboniferous
    Cladodus mirabilis
    Paleozoic
    Late Paleozoic
    Permian
    tooth
    Ctenacanthiformes
    Glikmanius occidentalis
    paleontology
    Chondrichthyes
    Opis:
    The teeth of a well known late Palaeozoic cladodont chondrichthyan, “Cladodus” occidentalis from Russia, USA, and England are restudied and a new generic name, Glikmanius gen. nov., is proposed for this species. Yet another tooth−based species, formerly described as ?Symmorium myachkovensis, occurring on the Russian Platform and in Nebraska, is considered to belong to the newly erected genus. Although there is no direct evidence that Glikmanius possessed fin spines, the broad similarity between its teeth and those of Ctenacanthus compressus suggests it had a ctenacanthiform affinity. The possible relationships between Glikmanius, Cladodus sensu stricto, “Ctenacanthus” costellatus, and Heslerodus, are suggested. However, the proposition put forward by an earlier author that the teeth of Heslerodus might represent the lower jaw dentition of G. myachkovensis, is rejected. The overall resemblance of Glikmanius teeth and those of Cladoselache and Squatinactis is recognised as convergent.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2005, 50, 3
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Additional evidence for the drilling behavior of Paleozoic gastropods
    Autorzy:
    Gahn, F J
    Fabian, A.
    Baumiller, T.K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20969.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    drilling behaviour
    gastropod
    Paleozoic
    paleontology
    Opis:
    Although the record of Paleozoic drillholes is long and extensive, evidence pertaining to the identity of the drillers is sparse. The most conclusive evidence, a driller “caught in the act”, has been documented only once (Baumiller 1990). In that example, a drillhole in the calyx of a crinoid was found directly beneath an attached platyceratid gastropod. Additional evidence for drilling by platyceratids has been circumstantial, i.e., based on the association of platyceratids with certain blastoids and crinoids, and the presence of drillholes in other crinoid and blastoid taxa. To a skeptic, the lack of congruence between drilled and platyceratidinfested crinoids and blastoids is not sufficient evidence that platyceratids were the drillers. More conclusive evidence requires examples of drillholes in taxa that are known to have been platyceratid−infested, preferably from localities where both infested specimens and drilled specimens co−occur.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2003, 48, 1
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Late Palaeozoic foliage from China displays affinities to Cycadales rather than to Bennettitales necessitating a re-evaluation of the Palaeozoic Pterophyllum species
    Autorzy:
    Pott, C.
    McLoughlin, S.
    Lindstrom, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23351.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Late Paleozoic
    Paleozoic
    China
    Cycadales
    Bennettitales
    Pseudoctenis
    Pterophyllum
    cuticle analysis
    epidermal anatomy
    Carboniferous
    Permian
    paleontology
    Opis:
    The epidermal anatomy of Pseudoctenis samchokense is described revealing non−bennettitalean characters of these leaves from the Permo−Carboniferous of China (and Korea). The specimens were originally described as Pterophyllum samchokense suggesting a bennettitalean affinity. They can no longer be considered bennettitalean since their cuticles lack the distinctive brachyparacytic stomata of that clade. Pterophyllum was originally erected as a morphogenus for segmented leaves from the Mesozoic and has subsequently been clearly assigned to the Bennettitales. The segmented leaves from the Permo−Carboniferous of Shanxi and Hebei, China described herein require a new ordinal and generic assignment since the non−bennettitalean cuticular characters documented reinforce the uncertainties in attribution of any foliage older than Late Triassic to the Bennettitales. Based on leaf−architecture and epidermal anatomical characters, the specimens are at best assigned to the cycadalean genus Pseudoctenis. This genus was formerly known only from Mesozoic rocks. Consequently, the specimens are highly significant, as they are among the oldest known vegetative remains of cycads. Re−evaluation of the affinities of all specimens assigned to Pterophyllum from Palaeozoic rocks is thus essential. Based on a review of other Permian–Carboniferous fossil leaves assigned to Pterophyllum, we conclude that none yet reveals definitive bennettitalean characters.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2010, 55, 1
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stylophoran supertrees revisited
    Autorzy:
    Lefebvre, B
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23222.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    supertree
    Echinodermata
    Mitrata
    Paleozoic
    Calcichordata
    Stylophora
    Ankyroida
    Cornuta
    paleontology
    Opis:
    Supertree analysis is a recent exploratory method that involves the simultaneous combination of two or more character−based source trees into a single consensus supertree. This method was recently applied by Ruta to a fossil group of enigmatic Palaeozoic forms, the stylophoran echinoderms. Ruta’s supertree suggested that mitrates are polyphyletic and originated from paraphyletic cornutes. Re−examination of Ruta’s data matrix strongly suggests that most source trees were based on dubious homologies resulting from theory−laden assumptions (calcichordate model) or superficial similarities (ankyroid scenario). A new supertree analysis was performed using a slightly corrected version of Ruta’s original combined matrix; the 70% majority−rule consensus of 24,168 most parsimonious supertrees suggests that mitrates are monophyletic and derived from paraphyletic cornutes. A second new supertree analysis was generated to test the influence of the pruning of three taxa in some calcichordate source trees; the 70% majority−rule consensus of 3,720 shortest supertrees indicates that both cornutes and mitrates are monophyletic and derived from a Ceratocystis−like ancestor. The two new supertree analyses demonstrate the dramatic influence of the relative contributions of each initial assumption of plate homologies (and underlying anatomical interpretations), in original source trees, on the final topology of supertrees.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2005, 50, 3
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Taxonomic notes on Phoebodus heslerorum and Symmorium reniforme [Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii]
    Autorzy:
    Ginter, M
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23345.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Carboniferous
    Symmorium reniforme
    Paleozoic
    tooth
    Elasmobranchii
    Phoebodus heslerorum
    taxonomy
    paleontology
    Chondrichthyes
    Opis:
    The revision of shark teeth from the Pennsylvanian black shales of central USA, ascribed to “Phoebodus heslerorum” Williams, 1985 and Symmorium reniforme Cope, 1893, shows that “Ph. heslerorum” is a junior synonym of “Cladodus” divergens Trautschold, 1879. This species belongs neither to Phoebodus nor to Cladodus, so a new genus Heslerodus is proposed. Very common, robust cladodont teeth with a deep labio−basal depression and two buttons, often referred to as S. reniforme, do not belong to the latter species, but to “Cladodus” occidentalis Leidy, 1859. The generic affinity of “C.” occidentalis is yet undetermined, but it is possible that it represents ctenacanthoids.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2002, 47, 3
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Drilling predation on Permian brachiopods and bivalves from the Glass Mountains, West Texas
    Autorzy:
    Hoffmeister, A P
    Kowalewski, M.
    Baumiller, T.K.
    Bambach, R.K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23218.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    drilling predation
    Paleozoic
    brachiopod
    drilling parasitism
    Glass Mountains
    mollusc
    bivalve mollusc
    Texas
    paleontology
    Opis:
    Although bored invertebrates have been described from every period of the Paleozoic, little information on the frequency and nature of Late Paleozoic drill holes exists. Our examination of the Permian silicified fossils, which were bulk collected by G.A. Cooper from the Glass Mountains of west Texas, revealed numerous drilled brachiopods and bivalve mollusks. Drill holes are perpendicular to the shell, smooth sided, sometimes beveled, and have other characteristics consistent with a predatory/parasitic origin. The frequency of drilling is significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05) for brachiopods (1.07%, n = 7597) than for bivalves (7.43%, n = 619). This study confirms that drilling predators and/or parasites were present in the Late Paleozoic. However, the drilling frequencies reported here—rarely exceeding 5%—are much lower than those reported for the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic, which typically exceed 20%. The low Late Paleozoic frequencies are consistent with a majority of estimates reported previously for the older periods of the Paleozoic and suggest that the intensity of drilling predation/parasitism in marine benthic ecosystems remained low throughout the Paleozoic and did not increase until some time in the Mesozoic. Our data suggest that prey/host types with a higher nutritional return (bivalve mollusks) may have been preferentially selected for attack by predator(s)/parasites(s) already in the Permian.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2004, 49, 3
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An enigmatic chondrichthyan with Paleozoic affinities from the Lower Triassic of Western Canada
    Autorzy:
    Mutter, R J
    Neuman, A.G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19949.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    histology
    fish
    Triassic
    Lower Triassic
    Paleozoic
    Canada
    chondrichthyan
    paleontology
    Listracanthus pectenatus
    Western Canada
    Opis:
    Listracanthus pectenatus sp. nov. represents the youngest record of the enigmatic chondrichthyan Listracanthus. This new species is the only Mesozoic record of this genus and highlights survival of a rare and enigmatic group of cartilaginous fishes across the Paleozoic–Mesozoic boundary. In the Vega−Phroso Siltstone Member of the Sulphur Mountain Formation (western Canada), two kinds of numerous dermal denticles identified as Listracanthus occur predominantly in strata probably of early Smithian age. The new species differs from all other known species of the genus in the structure of the anterior and posterior borders of the large denticles. The small denticles appear to be less diagnostic than the large ones and are readily distinguished from small denticles generally assigned to the genus Petrodus. Histology reveals that the largest denticles were originally hollow, probably secondarily ossified as acellular bone. The conclusion drawn by previous authors that Listracanthus may be a petalodontid shark, based on ambiguous non−skeletal associations with Deltoptychius, Petrodus, or Calopodusis not supported by this study. The large number of denticles, the size of both types of denticles and their arrangement suggest that Listracanthus pectenatus sp. nov. was a large chondrichthyan of aberrant body shape and yet uncertain systematic position.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2006, 51, 2
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the affinities of Tetraceratops insignis, an Early Permian synapsid
    Autorzy:
    Amson, E.
    Laurin, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20520.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Tetraceratops insignis
    Early Permian
    Permian
    synapsid
    Therapsida
    phylogenesis
    biogeography
    range extension
    Paleozoic
    Pangaea
    North America
    fossil
    paleontology
    Opis:
    The affinities of the Early Permian synapsid Tetraceratops insignis have been reevaluated several times since the early 20th century, being considered as an eothyridid, a sphenacodontid, or a therapsid. This controversy continues into the 21st century, with recently raised doubts about the interpretation of Tetraceratops as the oldest known therapsid, a hypothesis supported by the only redescription of this fossil in the second half of the 20th century. Our study examines the arguments proposed to refute therapsid affinities, and concludes that Tetraceratops indeed is the sister−group of all other known therapsids. The most recently published phylogenetic data matrix that includes Tetraceratops fails to confirm its therapsid affinities. However, adding seven characters to that matrix leads to the conclusion that Tetraceratops is the basal−most and oldest therapsid. The recent suggestion of a Laurasian origin of therapsids appears poorly supported; too few data are available on the distribution of Permian synapsids to settle this question.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2011, 56, 2
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Palaeoecology of free-lying domal bryozoan colonies from the Upper Eocene of Southeastern USA
    Autorzy:
    McKinney, F K
    Taylor, P.D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22653.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    bryozoan colony
    marine rock
    Paleozoic
    Eocene
    USA
    sedimentary rock
    Upper Eocene
    morphology
    paleoecology
    Bryozoa
    Castle Hayne Formation
    paleontology
    Opis:
    Dome−shaped cheilostome bryozoan colonies, most commonly about 2 cm in diameter, are common in Upper Eocene offshore deposits of southeastern North Carolina, USA.This colony−form is anachronistic in the Eocene, being more typical of Palaeozoic bryozoans.There are three types of domes: individual colonies of Parasmittina collum (Canu and Bassler), individual colonies of Osthimosia glomerata (Gabb and Horn) and multispecies intergrowths.The bryozoans grew laterally beyond initial shell substrata to become free−lying. P. collum colonies grew by local eruptive budding, forming subcolonies that extended radially over the underlying layer of zooids.Undersides of subcolonies that extended beyond the original substratum have basal exterior walls that are more commonly fouled by encrusters than is the upper side of the colony.By contrast, lateral growth of O. glomerata colonies was limited by size of the original substratum, subcolonies were not developed, and colony growth occurred by prolific frontal budding over the entire upper surface of the colony. Undersides of colonies beyond the substratum consist of the lateral interior walls of marginal zooids and are much less commonly fouled than are undersurfaces of P. collum.The upper surfaces of multispecies domes by definition are always fouled, and their undersurfaces are also commonly fouled.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2003, 48, 3
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A new brittle star from the early Carboniferous of Poland and its implications on Paleozoic modern-type ophiuroid systematics
    Autorzy:
    Thuy, B.
    Kutscher, M.
    Plachno, B.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22083.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    new record
    fossil
    paleontology
    brittle star zob.ophiuroid
    ophiuroid
    Early Carboniferous
    Carboniferous
    Polska
    Paleozoic
    systematics
    Echinodermata
    Ophiuroidea
    evolution
    Tournaisian
    Opis:
    The fossil record of Paleozoic ophiuroids includes a number of forms which share striking similarities with modern relatives in terms of skeletal morphology. These so called modern-type Paleozoic ophiuroids yield an enormous potential for a better understanding of ophiuroid evolution, yet the scarcity of accurate and sufficiently detailed morphological descriptions available to date precludes any further-reaching assessments. Here, we describe an articulated ophiuroid specimen from the Late Tournaisian (early Carboniferous) of Czatkowice quarry, southern Poland, as a new species Aganaster jagiellonicus sp. nov. The good preservation of the specimen allowed for a morphological analysis at a level comparable to recent ophiuroid descriptions. It shows remarkable morphological similarities with extant former ophio-lepidids Ophiomusium and Ophiosphalma. The new find thus contributes to a solid basis for future investigations on the position of the modern-type Paleozoic ophiuroid in the phylogeny of the class.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2015, 60, 4
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Revised classification and terminology of Palaeozoic stromatoporoids
    Autorzy:
    Stearn, C W
    Webby, B D
    Nestor, H
    Stock, C W
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23457.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Stromatoporida
    Paleozoic
    Labechiida
    stromatoporoid
    Stromatoporellida
    morphology
    taxonomy
    carbonate skeleton
    geographic distribution
    stratigraphy
    Clathrodictyida
    classification
    fossil
    Syringostromatida
    Amphiporida
    catalogue number
    terminology
    Actinostromatida
    paleontology
    Opis:
    Palaeozoic stromatoporoids comprise an extinct class of non-spiculate poriferans that are represented as fossils by their basal carbonate skeleton. A revised terminology for the description of these fossils is presented. Seven orders (Labechiida, Clathrodictyida, Actinostromatida, Stromatoporellida, Stromatoporida, Syringostromatida, Amphiporida) are recognized. The following is recorded for each genus: (1) type species, catalogue number and depository of the primary holotype; (2) synonyms and their type species; (3) diagnosis; (4) stratigraphic range; (5) estimate of the number of species assigned to the genus; (6) stratigraphic and geographic distribution of the genus. Problems in the definition and recognition of the genus are briefly discussed in annotations. One hundred and nine genera are considered valid, or doubtfully valid. Fifty three genera are placed in synonymy. An additional 14 genera are considered to be of uncertain placement in the classification.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1999, 44, 1
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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