Wszystkie pola: legal person - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Od człowieka, osoby, podmiotu do podmiotu prawa
From a Human, Person, and Subject to a Legal Subject
Autorzy:: Gałkowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1807463.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019-11-15
Wydawca:: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:: człowiek
osoba
podmiot
podmiot prawa
man
person
subject
subject of law
Opis:: In the article two ways are presented regarding relationship between human being and subject of law. Ch. Grzegorczyk claims that conception of human being and conception of subject of law are not equal and from conception of human being a conception of subject of law cannot be educed. P. Ricoeur states, however, that conception of human being and conception of subject of law are equal with regard to respect and veneration. Author of the article analysis the above issues and regardless the differences between them observes some similarities, because both authors are considering not subject of law but subject of law order. On the basis of phenomenological reduction the author shows conception of law which has its roots in substantial vision of human being. The human being can be subject of law and not only subject of particular law order.
Źródło:: Roczniki Nauk Prawnych; 2008, 18, 2; 7-40
1507-7896
2544-5227
Pojawia się w:: Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Prawo – osoba – śmierć. Część II: Teoria Daniela Sperlinga a polski system prawny
Rights – Person – Death. Part II: Daniel Sperling’s Theory and the Polish Legal System
Autorzy:: Hau, Maksymilian
Jędrczak, Stanisław
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/531416.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019-01-01
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej – Sekcja Polska IVR
Tematy:: śmierć
osoba
interesy zmarłego
podmiot
bioetyka
ochrona kultu pamięci o osobie zmarłej
death
person
interests of the deceased
human being
protection of the memory of the deceased
Opis:: Artykuł dzieli się na dwie części. W pierwszej przedstawiamy argumentację na rzecz koncepcji interesów pośmiertnych. Interesy pośmiertne rozumiemy jako zdarzenia stanowiące krzywdę lub korzyść dla zmarłego, osoby, która już nie istnieje. Prawo podmiotowe to interes osoby uznany przez prawodawcę i chroniony prawem. W drugiej części zastanawiamy się zatem nad możliwością zastosowania oraz rzeczywistym zastosowaniem teorii interesów pośmiertnych w polskim systemie prawnym. Nasze rozważania obejmują zagadnienia: tajemnicy w prawie medycznym, ochrony danych medycznych po śmierci pacjenta, prawa autorskiego niemajątkowego, ochrony kultu pamięci o osobie zmarłej, prawa o orderach i odznaczeniach, a także prawnego statusu zwłok ludzkich. Teoretyczną motywację dla powstania artykułu stanowiła książka Daniela Sperlinga Posthumous Interest, w której autor zarysował omawiany problem w perspektywie anglosaskiego reżimu prawnego.
This article is divided into two parts. In the first part, which was published in 2018, we presented arguments in support of the concept of posthumous interests. Posthumous interests are understood as events that constitute a benefit or a harm to the deceased person, who no longer exists. A right is the interest of a person, which is recognized and protected by law. In the second part, we examine the possibility of applying the theory of posthumous interests in the Polish legal system. We address the following issues: medical confidentiality, protection of medical data after the death of a patient, author’s moral rights, protection of the memory of the deceased, the law on orders and decorations, and the legal status of human corpses. The theoretical background for this article was the book by Daniel Sperling Posthumous Interest, in which the author outlined the problem in point from the perspective of the common law regime.
Źródło:: Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej; 2019, 1(19); 27-37
2082-3304
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Aktualność myśli Mieczysława Alberta Krąpca o prawach człowieka w kontekście stanowiska postpozytywizmu prawnego
Topicality of the thoughts by Mieczysław Albert Krąpiec on human rights in the context of legal postpositivism
Autorzy:: Kożuchowski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/322360.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:: prawa człowieka
prawo naturalne
osoba
postpozytywizm
Krąpiec
human rights
natural law
person
post-positivism
Opis:: Artykuł prezentuje doniosłość i aktualność wizji praw człowieka pojmowanych jako uprawnienia ius w ujęciu wybitnego myśliciela M.A. Krąpca. Mają one swój naturalny fundament w osobowej strukturze bytowej człowieka i jej wrodzonych inklinacjach (prawie naturalnym w wersji klasycznej – Arystotelesa i św. Tomasza z Akwinu), a obiektywne źródło tych praw determinuje ich uniwersalny charakter. Natomiast postpozytywizm, który za podstawę rozstrzygnięć porządku prawnego przyjmuje zasady wykreowane przez konwencje i odwołuje się do danych socjologii deskryptywnej, nie może formułować norm i praw powszechnie wiążących.
The article presents the significance and topicality of the vision of human rights understood as ius entitlement in the conception by an outstanding thinker M.A. Krąpiec. These rights have their natural foundation in the personal existential structure of the human and its inborn inclinations (natural law in the classicist version by Aristotle and Aquinas) and the objective source of these rights determines their universal character. However, post-positivism, which accepts the rules created by conventions as the foundation for settling the legal order and refers to descriptive sociology data, cannot form the norms and laws commonly binding.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2016, 92; 183-192
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: The Meaning of Monstra in the Roman Law Tradition
Znaczenie pojęcia "monstra" w rzymskiej tradycji prawnej
Die Bedeutung von monstra in der römischen Rechtstradition
Autorzy:: Martínez, Antonio Villanueva
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27177656.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:: monstra
pax deorum
person
Rechtspersönlichkeit
Römisches Recht
Spanisches Zivilgesetzbuch
legal personality
Roman law
Spanish Civil Code
osoba
osobowość prawna
prawo rzymskie
hiszpański kodeks cywilny
Opis:: The starting point for understanding the concept of monstra in Roman law is an etymological analysis of concepts such as prodigia, promonstra. The evolution of the latter term led to the disappearance of the prefix prod-, meaning anticipation. Monstra thus became the realisation of a miracle, that is, an event foretold by the gods, which also represented a warning and the necessity to ritually sacrifice a monstrosity in order to restore the pax deorum. In Roman law, on the other hand, the term monstra meant any being or behaviour that was contrary to the law of nature and, consequently, to civil law. This broadened the perception of the term, which originally had a more precise religious as well as legal meaning.
Der Ausgangspunkt für das Verständnis des Begriffs monstra im römischen Recht ist eine etymologische Analyse von Begriffen wie prodigia, promonstra. Die Entwicklung des letztgenannten Begriffs führte zum Verschwinden der Vorsilbe prod-, die die Erwartung bezeichnete. Monstra wurden so zur Verwirklichung eines Wunders, d. h. eines von den Göttern vorhergesagten Ereignisses, das auch eine Warnung und die Notwendigkeit darstellte, eine Monstrosität rituell zu opfern, um die pax deorum wiederherzustellen. Im römischen Recht hingegen bezeichnete der Begriff monstra jedes Wesen oder Verhalten, das gegen das Naturrecht und damit gegen das Zivilrecht verstieß. Dies erweiterte die Wahrnehmung des Begriffs, der ursprünglich sowohl eine präzisere religiöse als auch eine juristische Bedeutung hatte.
Punktem wyjścia dla zrozumienia pojęcia monstra w prawie rzymskim jest analiza etymologiczna takich pojęć jak prodigia, promonstra. Ewolucja drugiego z tych pojęć doprowadziła do zaniku przedrostka prod-, oznaczającego oczekiwanie. Monstra stały się zatem urzeczywistnieniem cudu, czyli wydarzenia przepowiedzianego przez bogów, który stanowił również ostrzeżenie i konieczność rytualnego poświęcenie potworka w celu przywrócenia pax deorum. Z kolei w prawie rzymskim pojęcie monstra oznaczało każdą istotę lub zachowanie, które były sprzeczne z prawem natury, a w konsekwencji także z prawem cywilnym. Rozszerzono tym samym postrzeganie terminu, który pierwotnie miał bardziej precyzyjne znaczenie religijne oraz prawne.
Źródło:: Z Dziejów Prawa; 2022, 15; 11-25
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:: Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Funkcjonowanie ustawy o postępowaniu wobec osób uchylających się od pracy - wyniki badań
Functioning of the act on the treatment of persons evading work
Autorzy:: Ostrihanska, Zofia
Rzeplińska, Irena
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699284.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1988
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: robocizna
uchylać się
praca
wolność
wyniki badań
leczenie
osoba
funkcjonowanie
pasożytnictwo społeczne
regulacja prawna
zatrudnienie
ustawa
nadużywania alkoholu
obowiązek
rejestracja
labour
avoid
work
liberty
findings
treatment
person
functioning
social parasitism
legal regulation
employment
law
alcohol abuse
responsibility
registration
Opis:: The Act on the treatment of persons evading work was passed on November 26, 1982 and entered into force on January 1, 1983. The passing of the Act was preceded by a period of heated discussions during which the need for this regulation or objections against it were justified by various social, economic, political legal as well as philosophical reasons. The Act bound all men aged 18-45 (with the exception of some clearly defined categories) who neither work nor learn for a period of at least 3 month and who are not registered in employment agencies as looking for a job to report at the local state administrative agencies and explain the reasons of this state of affairs. Such persons can be recognized as not working for justified reasons (in this case, they should get help if needed) or for unjustified reasons (to such persons the possibilities of taking the job should be pointed out; they should also get help if needed). Man who persistently evade work and whose sources of maintenance cannot be revealed or prove to be contradictory to the principles of social existence, are included in a list of persons who persistently evade work. The law provides for the following legal consequences towards persons who fall under its provisions: a failure in the duty to report is a transgression for which there is a penalty of limitation of liberty of up to three months; the same penalty is provided for the registered person’s failure to appear when summoned by the local administrative agency: a failure of a registered person in the duty to appear when summoned in order to make a statement concerning his sources of maintenances is an offence for which a penalty of limitation of liberty or a fine is provided; the persons who have been included in the list may be obligated to perform the work for public purposes in cases of force majeure or natural calamity that constitutes a serious threat for the normal conditions of the people’s existence; a failure in this duty is an offence for which a statutory penalty is that of limitation of liberty up two years or a fine. The Act deals with only one of the many and varied problems that result from the broad and multifarious issue of work: the situation of not being formally employed. Employment is connected with the actual policy in this respect, the labour market, and with many economic problems. The passing of the Act and the period of its functioning discussed in the present paper fell in Poland on the days of a profound socio-economic crisis which influences the problems related to employment. In our study, however, we have taken no account of the above broader issues, focusing on the functioning of the Act: the nation of ,,evasion of work’’ and ,,a person evading work’’ it introduced, the extent of the population that falls under the Act, characterization of the population mentioned the institutions and persons involved in realization of the Act, ways of dealing with the persons evading work, conformability of the conduct of the Act’s addresses with the model of conduct it includes, appraisal of the degree to which the aims of the Act, as set before it by the legislator have been reached, and the social effects of the law. The study concerned the functioning of the Act in the capital city of Warsaw. The basic source of information were index cards of all man evading work that had been registered in this territory in the period from January 1, 1983, till April 30, 1984. Moreover, district constables of the police were interviewed about these men; data concerning their criminal records were obtained from the Central Criminal Register and information about their detention in the Warsaw sobering-up station was obtained from the station's files. Two years later, additional data were gathered in order to check which of the registered men worked for at least 6 month after having been registered; the course of work for public purposes done by the examined persons was also checked with enterprises that organized such work. In the period included in the study, 2,195 men evading work were registered in Warsaw. The size of this population seems susceptible of various interpretations, depending on the adepted point of view. This number however seems insignificant as compared with that of situations vacant reported at the employment agency which for instance exceeded 18 thousand jobs for men on December 31, 1983. As shown by the analysis of the course of registration in the entire examined period, and of the differences in the sizes of the registered populations in the separate Warsaw districts, the sizes in question vary greatly and depend on administrative steps that influence the revealing of men who answer the statutory definition. The term "person evading work" designates various persons whose various circumstances - whether socially accepted or not – justify their lack of permanent employment, and who find themselves in various situations. They are e.g. persons waiting to be called up, those who help their families with farming, alcoholics who find it impossible to keep any permanent job, men supported by their familes and looking after a family member, those who are preparing for examination to enter the university, those taking a rest after release from prison, and those who actually do work (there were about 1/4 of them): casually, seasonally or in private firms, but fail to settle their situation formally. According to the police data, as few as every tenth of the examined persons had among others, though not exclusively, illegal sources of maintenance such as offences or illicit trade. In general, the men registered as evading work did not differ from the entire population of men aged 18-45 who lived in Warsaw at that time as regards the age structure. There were among them relatively few married men. Their level of education was somewhat lower as compared with men employed at that time in Warsaw in the socialized economy; yet two-thirds of them were trained in some profession. According to the police inquiries, and to the information from index cards and from sobering-up station, three-fourth of the examined persons drank extensively; one-third of them were detained in the station, with the majority being detained repeatedly which arouses suspicion as to their dependence. 79 per cent of the registered persons were known to the police who had to intervene in their cases comparatively often and the company they kept was appraised negatively by the police 45 per cent had criminal records (with offences against property predominating) their effence however did not provide them money enough to replace employee’s wages. The first stage of introduction of the Act was to reveal persons liableto registration. The performance of the duty of registration met with most serious problems. Persons who reported themselves to be registered constituted less than a half of the total of those registered, this situation remaining unchanged even one year after the Act had entered into force. Even after that period, over a half of those newly registered were persons who had not been working for over a year and who thus should have been registered much earlier Some of those who reported themselves did it only because they needed a certificate of registration to settle some important personal matter A rather numerous category nearly one- third of the examined men consisted of those registered after having been punished by a transgresion board for failure in the duty of registration, and those reported by the police or public prosecutor' s office Therefore, the police were explicitly involved in the process of picking out persons evading work. Also the realization of the entire second stage of dealing with the above persons - that of classification - arouses serious doubts. Index cards of a great number of persons lacked information essential for the realization of the Act, i.e. concerning certain facts about the registered person and the history of this previous employment. Among the vital decisions taken in relation to the registered persons is the recognition of the reason of their unemployment as justified or unjustified. A tendency became pronounced in these decisions to treat illness and prolonged formal transactions related to future work as valid excuses for not working and out to excuse working without formal employment. It appeared also that officials deciding in these matters enjoyed a certain degree of discretion when appraising the reasons of unemployment. The actions taken toward the registered persons assumed first of all the character unemploying: they consisted in obligating these persons to report again and inform about employment, or in referring them; therefore these actions failed to bring about any considerable effects; had the persons in question reported directly at the employment agency, the effects would have been identical. One-forth of the registered persons were directed to do work for public purposes. As many as two- thirds of them never even appeared to get the adress of the enterprise which such organized work, and 15 per cent reported at the workplace but failed to fulfil their duties. Thus directing to work for public purposes was of a trifle importance only; out of proportion with the effort put in the organizing of such work. Thoroughout the period included in the study, the names of 152 (7 per cent) of the registered men were entered in the list of persons who persistently evaded work. Punishment for infringement of the disscused Act was moved for in one third of cases. As shown by the picture of realization of the Act, the officials who apply it often face the registered men's most complex life problems, that are difficult to appraise explicitly and to decide upon beyond dispute; besides, methods of successful circumvention or evasion of the provisions of the Act appear to have emerged. The appraisal of the functioning of the discussed Act has been done on two planes: both the realization of the legislator's intentions and the social effects of its introduction other than intended have been analyzed. The legislator's intentions are defined as coming to the assistance of those out of work and out of school who want work, and inducing to work those who fail to express this wish. In the statements of the Minister of Justice and of the deputy reporter during the parliamentary discussion, also such aims were formulated as: drawing up a record of persons evading work and thus getting knowledge as to the extent of this phenomenon; providing hands in cases of their shortage; and soothing the indignant public opinion which demanded radical measures to fight the phenomenon of the so-called social parasitism. The above intentions have been realized but to a slight degree. Cases of getting help from administrative agency were extremely rare, the agency playing but the role of an agent who directs clients on to the employment or medical agencies. After registration 44.5 per cent of the examined persons took a job and 37.6 per cent continued to work incessanuy for 6 months which is the condition of their names being stroken off from the register. The latter group proved to be "better" as regards selected social traits. According to our appraisal, these persons had greater chances and possibilities of and performing a job as compared with the remaining group; what's more "inducing" them to work was frequently absolutely unnecessary. Registration failed to provide knowledge as to the size of the phenomenon of evasion of work, inconstancy being among its characteristics. The examined persons are often temporarily unemployed, this situation far from being permanent. Registration failed to improve the situation in the labour market: not only the number of those who found a job but also the total of those registered was too small as compared with the needs. Whether the public opinion has been soothed and satisfied by the introduction of the Act, we do not know. What we do know, is that among those registered there were hardly any persons whose unemployment particularly irritated the public opinion (e.g. black market and foreign currency dealers). A number of persons "evad.ing work" can always be" found, and the reasons for which some of them fail to take a job would hardly meet with social desapproval. Apart from the intended effects of any legal regulation, there are also those unintended which in the case of the discussed Act can be found in the following spheres: 1) the legal system: in the labour law (limitation of the principle of freedom of work), and in the penal law (the range of penalized acts has been broadened to include transgressions and offences provided in the Act; moreover, a penal law sanction was used as an instrument to solve a problem that belongs to the sphere of social an economic policy exclusively; 2) the sphere of political an social activities: an additional bureaucratic cell in labour exchange has been created in the case of alcoholics, intervention of the Act is but a seeming action, leaving the essence of the problem out of account; in the case of ex-convicts, the Act doubles the activity of other institutions (such person can obtain help in employment agencies or from their probation officers, and they are ,,induced" to take a job by their life situation or by the conditions on which they have been released from prison); 3) the sphere of social attitudes towards the law: failure to collect subpoenas and to appear when summoned could be observed among the registered persons which means that mechanisms of circumventing the Act emerged. In our opinion, the Act on the treatment of persons evading work is unnecessary. A separate and independent problem of persons who evade work does not exist. Instead, there is a number of various, partly overlapping problems: demand for labour, social frustrations of the crisis period, as well as alcoholism, delinquency disturbed socialization of the youth, failure to insure employes without setting the required formalities, problem of employment of the disabled. Also favourable phenomena and traits can be found here such e.g. the energy and initiative of those who want to work more effectively and to be paid better As shown by our study, ,,social parasitism ,, i.e. the actual staying out of work and living at the expense of others, can be found in a tiny percentage of registered persons.
Źródło:: Archiwum Kryminologii; 1988, XV; 95-152
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Informacja

Wyszukujesz frazę "legal person" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola

Źródło danych

Dostawca treści

Kolekcja

Rok wydania

Wydawca

Temat

Autor

Typ dokumentu

Język