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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Occurrence of digeneans in open sea fishes off the South Shetland Islands and South Georgia, and a list of fish digeneans in the Antarctic
    Autorzy:
    Zdzitowiecki, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2052849.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1991
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Antarctic
    digeneans
    fish infection
    open sea
    Źródło:
    Polish Polar Research; 1991, 12, 1; 55-72
    0138-0338
    2081-8262
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Polar Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Experimental study of the formation of steep waves and breakers
    Autorzy:
    Massel, S.R.
    Tegowski, J.
    Chomka, M.
    Wichorowski, M.
    Dabrowski, J.
    Stansberg, C.T.
    Moe, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47742.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    sea surface
    surface wave
    open sea
    surface gravity wave
    wave breaking
    wave formation
    steep wave
    Opis:
    Breaking waves (whitecaps) are one of the most important and least understood processes associated with the evolution of the surface gravity wave field in the open sea. This process is the principal means by which energy and momentum are transferred away from a developing sea. However, an estimation of the frequency of breaking waves or the fraction of sea surface covered by whitecaps and the amount of dissipated energy induced by breaking is very difficult to carry out under real sea conditions. A controlled experiment, funded by the European Commission under the Improving Human Potential Access Infrastructures programme, was carried out in the Ocean Basin Laboratory at MARINTEK, Trondheim (Norway). Simulation of random waves of the prescribed spectra by wave makers provided a very realistic pattern of the sea surface. The number of breaking waves was estimated by photographing the sea surface and recording the noise caused by the breaking waves. The experimental data will serve for calibration of the theoretical models of the sea surface fraction related to the whitecaps.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2001, 43, 3; 353-363
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Improvement of MERIS level 2 products in Baltic Sea coastal areas by applying the Improved Contrast between Ocean and Land processor (ICOL) - data analysis and validation
    Autorzy:
    Kratzer, S.
    Vinterhav, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48296.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    MERIS standard processor
    FUB processor
    C2E process
    Baltic Sea
    coastal area
    data analysis
    validation
    spectral reflectance
    open sea
    remote sensing
    water quality
    atmosphere
    water body
    total suspended matter
    suspended particulate matter
    organic matter
    Opis:
    In this paper we compare the following MERIS processors against sea-truthing data: the standard MERIS processor (MEGS 7.4.1), the Case 2 Regional processor (C2R) of the German Institute for Coastal Research (GKSS), and the Case 2Water Properties processor developed at the Freie Universit¨at Berlin (FUB). Furthermore, the Improved Contrast between Ocean and Land processor (ICOL), a prototype processor for the correction of adjacency effects from land, was tested on all three processors, and the retrieval of level 2 data was evaluated against sea-truthing data before and after ICOL processing. The results show that by using ICOL the retrieval of spectral reflectance in the open sea was improved for all processors. After ICOL processing, the FUB showed rather small errors in the blue, but underestimated in the red −34% Mean Normalised Bias (MNB) and 37% Root Mean Square (RMS). For MEGS the reflectance in the red was underestimated by about −20% MNB and 23% RMS, whereas the reflectance in the other channels was well predicted, even without any ICOL processing. The C2R underestimated the red with about −27% MNB and 29% RMS and at 412 nm it overestimated the reflectance with about 23% MNB and 29% RMS. At the outer open sea stations ICOL processing did not have a strong effect: the effect of the processor diminishes progressively up to 30 km from land. At the open sea stations the ICOL processor improved chlorophyll retrieval using MEGS from −74% to about 34% MNB, and TSM retrieval from −63% to about 22% MNB. Using FUB in combination with ICOL gave even better results for both chlorophyll (25% MNB and 45% RMS) and TSM (−4% MNB and 36% RMS) in the open Baltic Sea. All three processors predicted TSM rather well, but the standard processor gave the best results (−12% MNB and 17% RMS). The C2R had a very low MNB for TSM (1%), but a rather high RMS (54%). The FUB was intermediate with −16% MNB and 31% RMS. In coastal waters, the spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd(490) was well predicted using FUB or MEGS in combination with ICOL (MNB about 12% for FUB and 0.4% for MEGS). Chlorophyll was rather well predicted in the open Baltic Sea using FUB with ICOL (MNB 25%) and even without ICOL processing (MNB about 15%). ICOL-processed MEGS data also gave rather good retrieval of chlorophyll in the coastal areas (MNB of 19% and RMS of 28%). In the open Baltic Sea chlorophyll retrieval gave a MNB of 34% and RMS of 70%, which may be due to the considerable patchiness caused by cyanobacterial blooms. The results presented here indicate that with the MERIS mission, ESA and co- workers are in the process of solving some of the main issues regarding the remote sensing of coastal waters: spatial resolution; land-water adjacency effects; improved level 2 product retrieval in the Baltic Sea, i.e. the retrieval of spectral reflectance and of the water quality products TSM and chlorophyll.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 2; 211-236
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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