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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of the Emission of Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Moulding Sands with Furfural Resin with the Low Content of Furfuryl Alcohol and Different Activators
    Autorzy:
    Żymankowska-Kumon, S.
    Bobrowski, A.
    Grabowska, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382179.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    environment protection
    moulding sand
    furfuryl resin
    aromatic hydrocarbons
    BTEX
    ochrona środowiska
    masa formierska
    żywica furfurylowa
    węglowodory aromatyczne
    Opis:
    No-bake process refers to the use of chemical binders to bond the moulding sand. Sand is moved to the mould fill station in preparation for filling of the mould. A mixer is used to blend the sand with the chemical binder and activator. As the sand exits the mixer, the binder begins the chemical process of hardening. This paper presents the results of decomposition of the moulding sands with modified urea-furfuryl resin (with the low content of furfuryl alcohol below 25 % and different activators: organic and inorganic) on a quartz matrix, under semi-industrial conditions. Investigations of the gases emission in the test foundry plant were executed according to the method extended in the Faculty of Foundry Engineering (AGH University of Science and Technology). Article presents the results of the emitted chosen aromatic hydrocarbons and loss on ignition compared with the different activators used to harden this resin. On the bases of the data, it is possible to determine the content of the emitted dangerous substances from the moulding sand according to the content of loss on ignition.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 4; 187-190
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polymer Binder BioCo3 with Silicates and its Application to Microwave-Cured Moulding Sand
    Autorzy:
    Grabowska, B.
    Kaczmarska, K.
    Bobrowski, A.
    Drożyński, D.
    Żymankowska-Kumon, S.
    Cukrowicz, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382290.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    polymer binder
    silica additive
    cross-link
    microwave radiation
    moulding sand
    spoiwo polimerowe
    dwutlenek krzemu
    sieciowanie
    promieniowanie mikrofalowe
    masa formierska
    Opis:
    The effects of silica additive (Poraver) on selected properties of BioCo3 binder in form of an aqueous poly(sodium acrylate) and dextrin (PAANa/D) binder were determined. Based on the results of the thermoanalytical studies (TG-DTG, FTIR, Py-GC/MS), it was found that the silica additive results in the increase of the thermostability of the BioCo3 binder and its contribution does not affect the increase in the level of emissions of organic destruction products. Compounds from group of aromatic hydrocarbons are only generated in the third set temperature range (420-838°C). The addition of silicate into the moulding sand with BioCo3 causes also the formation of a hydrogen bonds network with its share in the microwave radiation field and they are mainly responsible for maintaining the cross-linked structures in the mineral matrix system. As a consequence, the microwave curing process in the presence of Poraver leads to improved strength properties of the moulding sand […]. The addition of Poraver's silica to moulding sand did not alter the permeability of the moulding sand samples, and consequently reduced their friability. Microstructure investigations (SEM) of microwave-cured samples have confirmed that heterogeneous sand grains are bonded to one another through a binder film (bridges).
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 4; 51-60
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Studies on the Gases Emission of Moulding and Core Sands with an Inorganic Binder Containing a Relaxation Additive
    Autorzy:
    Bobrowski, A.
    Żymankowska-Kumon, S.
    Kaczmarska, K.
    Drożyński, D.
    Grabowska, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379837.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    moulding sand
    aluminosilicates
    geopolymer
    inorganic binder
    gases emission
    piasek formierski
    glinokrzemiany
    geopolimer
    spoiwo nieorganiczne
    emisja gazów
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of an investigation of the gases emission of moulding sands with an inorganic (geopolymer) binder with a relaxation additive, whose main task is to reduce the final (residual) strength and improves knocking-out properties of moulding sand. The moulding sand without a relaxation additive was the reference point. The research was carried out using in accordance with the procedure developed at the Faculty of Foundry Engineering of AGH - University of Science and Technology, on the patented stand for determining gas emissions. Quantification of BTEX compounds was performed involving gas chromatography method (GC).The study showed that the introduction of relaxation additive has no negative impact on gas emissions - both in terms of the total amount of gases generated, as well as emissions of BTEX compounds. Among the BTEX compounds, only benzene is emitted from the tested moulding sands. Its emission is associated with the introduction a small amount of an organic hardener from the group of esters.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2020, 20, 2; 19-25
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of Carbon Fibers Addition on Selected Properties of Microwave-Cured Moulding Sand Bonded with BioCo2 Binder
    Autorzy:
    Grabowska, B.
    Kaczmarska, K.
    Cukrowicz, S.
    Drożyński, D.
    Żymankowska-Kumon, S.
    Bobrowski, A.
    Gawluk, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381465.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    carbon fiber
    polymer binder
    thermostability
    moulding sand
    włókno węglowe
    spoiwo polimerowe
    termostabilność
    piasek formierski
    Opis:
    It was found that the addition of carbon fibers (CFs) does not affect the crosslinking process in the microwave radiation (800 W, 2.45 GHz) of the BioCo2 binder, which is a water solution of poly(acrylic acid) and dextrin (PAA/D). It has influence on BioCo2 thermal properties. The CFs addition improves the thermostability of a binder and leads to the reduction of gas products quantity generated in the temperature range of 300-1100°C (TG-DTG, Py-GC/MS). Moreover, it causes the emission of harmful decomposition products such as benzene, toluene, xylene and styrene to be registered in a higher temperatures (above 700°C). BioCo2 binder without CFs addition is characterized by the emission of these substances in the lower temperature range. This indicates the positive effect of carbon fibers presence on the amount of released harmful products. The selected technological tests (permeability, friability, bending strength, tensile strength) have shown that the moulding sand with the 0.3 parts by weight carbon fibers addition displays the worst properties. The addition of 0.1 parts by weight of CFs is sufficient to obtain a beneficial effect on the analyzed moulding sands properties. The reduction of harmful substances at the higher temperatures can also be observed.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 3; 152-160
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the compounds from the BTEX group, emitted during thermal decomposition of alkyd resin
    Autorzy:
    Kubecki, M.
    Holtzer, M.
    Bobrowski, A.
    Dańko, R.
    Grabowska, B.
    Żymankowska-Kumon, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380216.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    masa formierska
    wiązanie
    BTEX
    analiza termiczna
    GC-MS
    moulding sand
    binding
    thermal analysis
    Opis:
    Suitability of the given binding agent for the moulding sands preparation depends on the one hand on the estimation of technological properties of the sand and the mould made of it and the obtained casting quality and on the other hand on the assessment of this sand influence on the natural and working environment. Out of moulding sands used in the foundry industry, sands with organic binders deserve a special attention. These binders are based on synthetic resins, which ensure obtaining the proper technological properties and sound castings, however, they negatively influence the environment. If in the initial state these resins are not very dangerous for people and for the environment, thus under an influence of high temperatures they generate very harmful products, being the result of their thermal decomposition. Depending on the kind of the applied resin (phenol-formaldehyde, urea, furfuryl, urea-furfuryl, alkyd) under an influence of a temperature such compounds as: furfuryl alcohol, formaldehyde, phenol, BTEX group (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), and also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) can be formed and released. The aim of the study was the development of the method, selection of analytical methods and the determination of optimal conditions of formation compounds from the BTEX group. An emission of these components constitutes one of the basic criteria of the harmfulness assessment of binders applied for moulding and core sands. Investigations were carried out in the specially designed set up for the thermal decomposition of organic substances in a temperature range: 5000C - 13000C at the laboratory scale. The object for testing was alkyd resin applied as a binding material for moulding sands. Within investigations the minimal amount of adsorbent necessary for the adsorption of compounds released during the decomposition of the resin sample of a mass app. 15 mg was selected. Also the minimal amount of solvent needed for the desorption of compounds adsorbed in the column with adsorbent was found. The temperature range, in which the maximal amounts of benzene, toluene, ethylobenzene and xylenes are released from the resin, was defined. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of compounds from the BTEX group were performed by means of the gas chromatography combined with the mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 3; 69-74
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analiza związków z grupy BTEX powstających podczas termicznego rozkładu żywicy alkidowej
    Analysis of the compounds from the BTEX group emitted during thermal decomposition of alkyd resin
    Autorzy:
    Kubecki, M.
    Holtzer, M.
    Bobrowski, A.
    Dańko, R.
    Grabowska, B.
    Żymankowska-Kumon, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381040.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    masa formierska
    żywica syntetyczna
    związek BTEX
    rozkład termiczny
    chromatografia gazowa
    spektrometria masowa
    moulding sand
    synthetic resin
    BTEX compounds
    thermal decomposition
    gas chromatography
    mass spectrometry
    Opis:
    Przydatność danego spoiwa do sporządzania mas formierskich obejmuje z jednej strony ocenę właściwości technologicznych samej masy i wykonanej z niej formy i jakości otrzymanego odlewu, a z drugiej strony ocenę wpływu tej masy na środowisko naturalne i środowisko pracy. Z pośród mas stosowanych w przemyśle odlewniczym na szczególną uwagę zasługują masy ze spoiwami organicznymi. Spoiwa te oparte są na żywicach syntetycznych, które z jednej strony zapewniają uzyskanie przez masę odpowiednich właściwości technologicznych i otrzymanie dobrych odlewów, ale z drugiej negatywnie oddziałują na środowisko. O ile w stanie wyjściowym żywice te tylko w niewielkim stopniu stanowią zagrożenie zarówno dla ludzi jak i środowiska, to pod wpływem temperatury generują bardzo szkodliwe produkty, będące wynikiem ich termicznego rozkładu. W zależności od rodzaju stosowanej żywicy (fenolowo-formaldehydowej, mocznikowej, furfurylowej, furfurylowo–mocznikowej, alkidowej) pod wpływem temperatury mogą tworzyć się i uwalniać takie związki jak: alkohol furfurylowy, formaldehyd, fenol, związki z grupy BTEX (benzen, toluen, etylobenzen, ksyleny), a także wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne (WWA). [...]
    Suitability of the given binding agent for the moulding sands preparation depends on the one hand on the estimation of technological properties of the sand and the mould made of it and the obtained casting quality and on the other hand on the assessment of this sand influence on the natural and working environment. Out of moulding sands used in the foundry industry, sands with organic binders deserve a special attention. These binders are based on synthetic resins, which ensure obtaining the proper technological properties and sound castings, however, they negatively influence the environment. If in the initial state these resins are not very dangerous for people and for the environment, thus under an influence of high temperatures they generate very harmful products, being the result of their thermal decomposition. Depending on the kind of the applied resin (phenol-formaldehyde, urea, furfuryl, urea–furfuryl, alkyd) under an influence of a temperature such compounds as: furfuryl alcohol, formaldehyde, phenol, BTEX group (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), and also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) can be formed and released. [...]
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 1s; 119-124
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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