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    Tytuł:
    Zgodność rozumu i wiary w "Summa theologiae" Tomasza z Akwinu
    Compatibility of Reason and Faith in "Summa theologiae" of Thomas Aquinas
    Autorzy:
    Solecka-Karczewska, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452481.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    metafizyka
    teologia
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    rozum
    wiara
    metaphysics
    theology
    Thomas Aquinas
    reason
    faith
    Opis:
    In researching the compatibility of reason and faith in the Summa Theologiae of Thomas Aquinas we begin from the first article of the composition in which Thomas, besides philosophy which is a rational way to the truth, shows us sacra doctrina – research gaining from the revelation of God coming into the world to testify to the truth. Summa Theologiae becomes a synthesis of two ways of knowing, according to article 8 in which St Thomas defines mutual relation of philosophy and theology. The reason furthers the belief in three ways: getting to know the truth about God the natural reason, thanks to that it is possible to refer to the authority of philosophers; refuting the charges which are in the opposite to faith and explaining difficulties (in these two situations philosophy remains autonomy – it is active in the field of revelabilia) and the reasoning in the area of truths inaccessible to reason what is helping in getting from one revealed truth to other (here we can only speak about the subservient role of philosophy in the area revelata). The purpose of the researches is to analyze the unequivocalness of philosophical terms used by St Thomas and checking the cohesion of philosophical explanations formulated both in the truths comprehensible to reason as well as in the area of truths incomprehensible to reason. This is the basic level of verification of compatibility of reason and faith remaining in the philosophy competence. Theology should check how the thesis posed in particular articles result from premises presented by St Thomas from Bible. We analyzed the application of philosophy in refuting the charges against faith where effective method turned out elaborating and redefining terms such as goodness, evil, omnipotence, omniscience, providence, freedom of will. This made possible for St Thomas to overcome the contradiction between goodness and omnipotence of God and evil in the world, between the omniscience of God and the freedom of the will and between the Providence of God and the autonomy of action of creatures. In the field of truths incomprehensible to reason it was not a success to formulate any thesis which is according to Thomas Aquinas’ philosophy. The Treatise on Trinity seems to be divergent with the Treatise on God. The problem is the knowledge of God which is His essence. In turn, the essence is common to the Three Divine Persons what makes impossible awareness of the independence because God’s essence is not composed. Also left unanswered the question of whether the three Persons can think by one intellect. Researching the compatibility of the order of nature with the order of grace turned out to be groundless because of the lack of unambiguous interpretation.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2015, 4; 145-161
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura bytu w Summa contra Gentiles Tomasza z Akwinu
    Structure of being in Summa contra Gentiles by Thomas Aquinas
    Autorzy:
    Andrzejuk, Artur
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452699.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    byt
    istnienie
    istota
    metafizyka
    Arystoteles
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    being
    existence
    essence
    metaphysics
    Aristotle
    Thomas Aquinas
    Opis:
    The answer to the question what being means for Thomas Aquinas in his Summa contra Gentiles is: a composition of existence and essence. Such definition refers in a way (analogously) even to God because Thomas Aquinas says that in the case of God essence is existence, thus expressing the one-elementality and simplicity of His structure. All other beings are composed of existence as an act and essence as potency. Therefore, existence and essence are being’s principles and their relation is like that of act and potency. Existence makes being exist and essence determines what it is. The concept of being according to St. Thomas Aquinas is usually rightly associated with Aristotle’s metaphysics. Thomas Aquinas adopted from Aristotle the concept of act and potency but his view on the structure of being was different than that of the philosopher, who considered form and matter as being’s principles. Together they constituted being understood as what something is. In this structure, form was the act shaping it and matter was potency being shaped. Their effects were limited to determining the identity of being, that is, whether or not it is. Thomas Aquinas recognized that the first principle of being must be the factor that makes being real and only then can one speak of its identity. That is why he proclaimed that the basic structure of being is: existence as the cause of the reality of being and essence as the cause of its identity. Thomas’ proposal is thus different metaphysics than Aristotle’s “first philosophy.” Therefore, Thomism is not Aristotelianism. Composition of form and matter applies to the essence of material beings, determining what they are, i.e. their identity. Thus, one can say that form is an essential act, and matter is essential potency. Therefore, it can be further stated that Aristotle’s metaphysics is a theory of being as essence while Thomas Aquinas’ metaphysics would be the theory of existing being. Thus, it is right to call Stagirite’s approach essentialism in contrast to Thomas’ existential metaphysics
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2017, 6; 99-119
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tomizm egzystencjalny Mieczysława A. Krąpca a tomizm konsekwentny Mieczysława Gogacza. Ku analizie porównawczej
    The Existential Thomism of Mieczysław A. Krąpiec and Consequential Thomism of Mieczysław Gogacz. Perspectives for Comparative Analysis
    Autorzy:
    Ćwiertniak, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078907.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    Mieczysław Albert Krąpiec
    Mieczysław Gogacz
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    tomizm
    filozofia
    metafizyka
    Thomas Aquinas
    thomism
    philosophy
    metaphysics
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is to present the perspectives for a comparative analysis of the philosophical views of two renowned Polish representatives of existential Thomism. The authors mentioned above are known as the main representatives of the most important Polish Thomistic schools: Mieczysław Albert Krąpiec is the most important representative of the Lublin School of Classical Philosophy, while Mieczysław Gogacz is the founder of the Warsaw School of Consequential Thomism. At the base of this article, meant as an introduction to more advanced analyses, lies the conviction that mutual isolation between philosophical schools is harmful. It shows the necessity of a reciprocal confrontation of research results. In this paper, following a short historical introduction, the Author first presents the main areas in the thought of the two philosophers, which – due to differences in the concepts they employ – are most in need of thorough comparative research. Afterwards, the Author points out the most important achievements of both philosophers and makes an outline of the main difficulties and aporias connected with their ideas. Finally, an outline of further research is presented, which could help to overcome the aporias demonstrated here.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2019, 8; 173-195
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dietrich von Hildebrand – Doctor Multifunctionalibus – kolejna rola Doktora Kościoła dwudziestego wieku. Recenzja: Łukasz Golec, Idee modernistyczne w filozofii i teologii w świetle pism Dietricha von Hildebranda, Lublin 2021, stron 127.
    Dietrich von Hildebrand – Doctor Multifunctionalibus – Another Appearance of the „Doctor of Church of the Twentieth Century”. Review: Łukasz Golec, Idee modernistyczne w filozofii i teologii w świetle pism Dietricha von Hildebranda [Modernist Ideas in Philosophy and Theology from the Perspective of Works of Dietrich von Hildebrand], Lublin 2021, pp. 127.
    Autorzy:
    Pichola, Ewa Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/6258958.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    Dietrich von Hildebrand
    Thomas Aquinas
    philosophy
    metaphysics
    modernism
    D. von Hildebrand
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    filozofia
    metafizyka
    modernizm
    Opis:
    Fr. Łukasz Golec, a PhD student of theology at the Catholic University in Lublin, presents the problem of modernism and turns to D. von Hildebrand’s publications issued after the Second Vatican Council had been closed. Within the sources there are Polish works only, and only those who do not address the question of modernism in von Hildebrand’s thought. None of the papers on the matter published in the Thomistic Yearbook is mentioned, neither a dissertation, written in English, Ideas of Christian Modernism in Dietrich von Hildebrand’s Philosophy, defended in 2020. The book consists of the introduction, three chapters, and the conclusion. The first chapter is Genesis of Modernism and speaks of the vast spectrum of issues of modernism. Next, Dietrich von Hildebrand- Life, Activity, and Fundaments of Philosophy reconstructs main tenets of von Hildebrandian phenomenology. The third is about Philosophical-Theological Premises of Dietrich von Hildebrand which Diagnose the Crisis in the Church. In the interpretation of modernism von Hildebrand’s thought is given priority over St. Pius X’s, what is a serious flaw, as these two differ significantly in their approach to philosophy. Further, the Author avoids to show that phenomenology and metaphysics of St. Thomas differ essentially, what is also a flaw. The Author also omits to add that von Hildebrand’s words on the beauty of the Catholic liturgy addresses the Tridentine Mass. About the New one he spoke in The Devastated Vineyard: “Truly if one of the devils in C.S. Lewis’ Screwtape letters had been entrusted with the ruin of the liturgy, he could not have done it better” . This omission is misleading and disturbing. The work follows the common flaw: essential inconsistencies of von Hildebrand’s philosophy are neglected and the fact that he was a devout Catholic makes him an authority.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2022, 11; 383-390
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ filozofii Awicenny na metafizykę Tomasza z Akwinu. Przegląd źródeł i opracowań
    Autorzy:
    Prokop, Marek P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078879.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    Awicenna
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    byt
    metafizyka
    konieczność
    możliwość
    Avicenne
    Thomas d'Aquin
    l’être
    métaphysique
    nécessité
    possibilité
    Opis:
    Tolede au XIIème et XIIIème siècle comme Baghdad au VIII-IX siècle était un lieu de transfert du savoir : à l’époque du califat abbasside en Irak du grecque à l’arabe, en Espagne de l’arabe au latin. Le sujet de cet article est de montrer quels textes d’Avicenne a connu saint Thomas d’Aquin. C’était principalement le « Canon de la médecine » traduit par Gerard de Cremone et quelques livres du recueil du « Kitâb al-Shifa », « Métaphysique » et « De anima ». Plusieurs éminents savants ont consacré beaucoup d’articles et de livres sur différents sujets pour révéler l’influence d’Avicenne sur la pensée philosophique de Thomas d’Aquin. On peut citer ici les noms de E. Gilson, M.-A. Goichon, M.-T. d’Alverny, L. Gardet, G. Verbeke, J. Owen etc. Malgré la multitude de travaux il reste quelques problèmes qui n’ont pas été encore suffisamment analysés. Par exemple pourquoi Avicenne a attribué à Dieu seul la notion de l’Être nécessaire et pas Thomas d’Aquin ? Pourquoi il a introduit la catégorie de l’être nécessaire et l’être possible dans la description aristotélicienne de l’être « to on legetai pollaksos », tandis que Thomas a identifié comme des éléments fondamentaux de la structure ontique de l’être l’acte et la puissance (esse et essentia) ?
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2019, 8; 47-60
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Poznawalność bytu. Parmenides i św. Tomasz z Akwinu
    Cognoscibility of Being. Case of Parmenides and St. Thomas Aquinas
    Autorzy:
    Pawlikowski, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452395.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    byt
    poznawalność bytu
    metafizyka
    św. Tomasz z Akwinu
    Parmenides
    being
    cognoscibility of being
    metaphysics
    St. Thomas Aquinas
    Opis:
    According to Parmenides, the only acceptable way of philosophy as true cognition is research of being. The philosophical tradition had taken this track. St. Thomas Aquinas had very little information about Parmenidean ontology, but shared his focus on being as the object of knowledge. However, they had a different understanding of being. Philosopher of Elea claimed that everything is one monistic being. Therefore, every act of cognition has the same object – being. There is only being. Non-being is nothing. It doesn’t exist, so it isn’t cognizable. Moreover, the knowledge of being and being itself are the same. As a consequence, Parmenides described entity in identification to the mind and recognized the essence of being as truth. Therefore, his ontology is called “a veridical conception of being”. According to Aquinas, being is pluralistic. There are many types of entities, minds and truths. The core of every being is act of existence. The truth is property of singular beings or judgements. Thomas metaphysics is existential. The truth, that is here identified with adequation of thing and intellect, and cognoscibility of beings, is interpreted as the consequence of existence. Being, truth and cognoscibility are different things. In comparison with Parmenides, Thomas seems to be more faithful to the “way of being”. He characterizes being as existing and avoids a specific paradox that is inability to define the truth in a classical way, assuming her identity with the entity.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2013, 2; 31-54
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cóż po filozofii św. Tomasza z Akwinu w czasach postmetafizycznych?
    What’s after Thomas Aquinas’ philosophy in postmetaphysical times?
    Autorzy:
    Maryniarczyk, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452628.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    metafizyka
    św. Tomasz z Akwinu
    definicja metafizyki
    nowoczesność
    czasy postmetafizyki
    metaphysics
    saint Thomas Aquinas
    definition of metaphysics
    modernity
    postmetaphysical times
    Opis:
    The author pays attention, that term “postmetaphysical times” as well as term “postmodernism” settled in the contemporary philosophical discourse. The discourse is characterized, that starting from I. Kant, entire nowadays philosophical cognition is situated in opposition to the metaphysical cognition. The final argument which is used by representatives of “postmetaphysical” philosophy is argument from modernity or from fashion, which says that „nobody can say that today”, or „today we cannot do metaphysics like that”. Coming out of “Thomistic Yearbook”, the new philosophical journal becomes the challenge to dictate of “modern thinking” and “postmetaphysical” times. The return do original texts and original thought of Aristotle and Saint Thomas Aquinas allow us not only discover authentic thought of thinkers, but also guides us to understanding what metaphysics is and should be. We need it nowadays in particular, when many currents of modern philosophy not only moved ways from metaphysics, but also from philosophy. In supposedly “postmetaphysical” times, the return to Thomas Aquinas’ texts means the return to philosophy itself.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2014, 3; 11-21
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Naturalna niezniszczalność ciał niebieskich według św. Tomasza z Akwinu
    Natural Indestructibility of Heavenly Bodies according to St Thomas Aquinas
    Autorzy:
    Karas, Marcin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013933.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    filozofia średniowieczna
    św. Tomasz z Akwinu
    tomizm
    ciała niebieskie
    kosmologia
    metafizyka
    arystotelizm chrześcijański
    medieval philosophy
    St Thomas Aquinas
    Thomism
    heavenly bodies
    cosmology
    metaphysics
    Christian Aristotelianism
    Opis:
    The subject of the article is the question of the nature of heavenly bodies in St Thomas Aquinas’ approach. The Dominican thinker, using Aristotle’s cosmology, tries to present his understanding of the Stagirite’s theory concerning natural indestructibility of heavenly bodies, which he treats as relatively perfect beings built of ether and indestructible in the world of nature, although they are contingent and created by God. The issue proves the Angelic Doctor’s independence and self-reliance; studying the universe he not only used Aristotle’s cosmology but he verified it with theological knowledge basing his considerations on the ancient and medieval commentators of the Greek philosopher. In St Thomas’ studies his conviction about relative formal and material perfection of metaphysical components of heavenly bodies is of significant importance. The conception of indestructibility of heavenly bodies also presents methodological assumptions of the metaphysics developed by the Dominican thinker who made the rules of Aristotle’s philosophy relative.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2005, 53, 1; 109-128
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Metaphysical Argument For God’s Existence
    Argument metafizyczny na istnienie Boga
    Autorzy:
    Ośko, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/488576.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    argument for God’s existence
    Thomas Aquinas
    essence
    act of being
    metaphysics
    participation
    argument za istnieniem Boga
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    istota
    akt istnienia
    metafizyka
    partycypacja
    Opis:
    In this paper, I present main theses of Aquinas Way to God: The Proof in the De Ente et Essentia by Gaven Kerr. The book in question is a contemporary interpretation and defence of Thomas Aquinas’s argument for the existence of God, based on the real distinction between the essence of the thing and its act of being. I stress the fact that Kerr underlines the metaphysical character of Thomas’s argument and the role of participation in Aquinas’s understanding of the act of being. In the last part of the article, I discuss Kerr’s interpretation of Aquinas’s argument for the real distinction between essence and an act of being, as well as Kerr’s own argument. These arguments are of particular importance since they provide metaphysical presuppositions for the argument for God’s existence considered in Kerr’s book. As for the first argument, I argue that the first part of Aquinas’s argumentation (the so-called Intellectus Essentiae Argument) pertains to the real order rather than conceptual. Concerning the second argument, I attempt to highlight the difficulties of Kerr’s understanding of Thomist esse as a principle of the existence of a thing.
    W niniejszym artykule przedstawiam główne tezy książki Gavena Kerra Aquinas Way to God: The Proof in the De Ente et Essentia, będącej współczesną interpretacją i obroną Tomasza z Akwinu argumentu za istnieniem Boga z realnej różnicy między istotą a aktem istnienia. Zwracam uwagę na podkreślanie przez Kerra metafizycznego charakteru Tomaszowego dowodu oraz na rolę partycypacji w rozumieniu przez Akwinatę aktu istnienia. W końcowej części artykułu podejmuję dyskusję z przedstawioną przez Kerra interpretacją Tomaszowego argumentu za realną różnicą istoty i aktu istnienia oraz nad własnym argumentem Kerra. Argumenty te są szczególnie ważne, gdyż dostarczają metafizycznych podstaw rozważanemu w książce argumentowi za istnieniem Boga. Jeśli chodzi o pierwszy argument, bronię tezy, że pierwsza część Tomaszowej argumentacji (tzw. argument z rozumienia istoty) dotyczy porządku realnego, a nie pojęciowego. W odniesieniu do drugiego argumentu staram się wskazać na trudności wynikające z rozumienia przez Kerra Tomaszowego esse jako zasady istnienia rzeczy.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2019, 67, 4; 53-69
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tomasza z Akwinu koncepcja stworzenia jako metafizyczna teoria pochodzenia bytu przygodnego
    Thomas Aquinas conception of creation as a metaphysical theory of origins of contingent being
    Autorzy:
    Stolarski, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2056767.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-12-07
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne im. św. Jana Pawła II Diecezji Siedleckiej
    Tematy:
    creatio ex nihilo
    metafizyka
    Stworzyciel
    filozofia Boga
    byt
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    emanacjonizm
    przygodność bytu
    Creatio ex nihilo
    metaphysics
    Creator
    philosophy of God
    being
    Thomas Aquinas
    emanationism
    contingency of being
    Opis:
    This paper presents Thomas Aquinas’ concept of creation as a metaphysical theory of the origin of being. The concept of creation was investigated mostly as a theological problem but in Aquinas’ thought (also when it is used in the theological context of his works) it is understood as a metaphysical explanation of existence and plurality of contingent beings. Creation is a way of explanation how the First Cause acts and how this action results in the existence of numerous accidental beings. Creation is not a natural transformation or a production of something on the basis of the previous elements. It is a “production” in being (productio in esse) with no previous conditions (creatio ex nihilo). The formal end of the creative action is the act of existence (ipsum esse) of accidental beings. The creation of accidental beings generates mutual relations of the Creator and the cre-ated beings.
    Źródło:
    Teologiczne Studia Siedleckie; 2014, XI/11; 211-229
    1733-7496
    Pojawia się w:
    Teologiczne Studia Siedleckie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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