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    Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10
    Tytuł:
    The Reliability of the Results of the Modified Low-cycle Fatigue Test for Cast Iron Evaluated by Metallographic Studies
    Autorzy:
    Maj, M.
    Pietrzak, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379799.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    cast iron
    lamellar graphite
    spheroidal graphite
    low cycle fatigue test
    mechanical properties
    żeliwo
    grafit płatkowy
    grafit sferoidalny
    zmęczenie niskocyklowe
    właściwości mechaniczne
    Opis:
    This study discloses the characteristic features of the modified low-cycle fatigue test used for the determination of the mechanical properties of two types of cast iron, i.e. EN-GJL-250 and EN-GJS-600-3. For selected materials, metallographic studies were also conducted in the range of light microscopy and scanning microscopy.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 1; 41-46
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mechanical Characteristics of Ductile Iron Determined in an Original Modified Low Cycle test
    Autorzy:
    Maj, M.
    Pietrzak, K.
    Klasik, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379780.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    iron
    mechanical properties
    microstructure
    żelazo
    właściwości mechaniczne
    mikrostruktura
    Opis:
    The results presented in this article are part of the research on fatigue life of various foundry alloys carried out in recent years in the Lukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Precision Mechanics and AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering. The article discusses the test results obtained for the EN-GJS-600-3 cast iron in an original modified low-cycle fatigue test (MLCF), which seems to be a beneficial research tool allowing its users to evaluate the mechanical properties of materials with microstructural heterogeneities under both static and dynamic loads. For a comprehensive analysis of the mechanical behaviour with a focus on fatigue life of alloys, an original modified low cycle fatigue method (MLCF) adapted to the actually available test machine was used. The results of metallographic examinations carried out by light microscopy were also presented. From the analysis of the results of the conducted mechanical tests and structural examinations it follows that the MLCF method is fully applicable in a quick and economically justified assessment of the quality of ductile iron after normalizing treatment.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 4; 27-32
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructure and Mechanical Characteristics of the Ternary SnZnAl Lead-Free Alloy
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, K.
    Klasik, A.
    Maj, M.
    Sobczak, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380398.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    lead free alloy
    microstructure
    mechanical properties
    scanning electron microscopy
    stop bezołowiowy
    mikrostruktura
    właściwości mechaniczne
    mikroskop skaningowy
    Opis:
    The paper describes the studies of ternary SnZn9Al1.5 lead-free alloy from the viewpoint of its mechanical behavior as well as microstructure examined by the light and scanning electron microscopy. The authors focused their attention specifically on the fatigue parameters determined by the original modified low-cycle fatigue method (MLCF), which in a quick and economically justified way allows determination of a number of mechanical parameters based on the measurement data coming from one test sample only. The effect of the addition of 1.5% Al to the binary eutectic SnZn9 alloy on its microstructure and the obtained level of mechanical parameters was analyzed. The phases and intermetallic compounds occurring in the alloy were identified based on the chemical analysis carried out in micro-areas by the SEM/EDS technique. It was shown that the addition of 1.5% Al to the binary eutectic SnZn9 alloy resulted in a more favorable microstructure and consequently had a positive effect on the mechanical parameters of the alloy. Based on the conducted research, it was recommended to use a combinatorial method based on the phase quanta theory to quickly evaluate the microstructure and the original MLCF method to determine a number of mechanical parameters.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 3; 31-36
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructure and Fatigue Life of the Binary Lead-free Alloys with High Zn Content
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, K.
    Klasik, A.
    Maj, M.
    Sobczak, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382479.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    lead free alloy
    alloy microstructure
    mechanical properties
    stop bezołowiowy
    mikrostruktura stopu
    właściwości mechaniczne
    Opis:
    The results of studies presented in this article are an example of the research activity of the authors related to lead-free alloys. The studies covered binary SnZn90 and SnZn95 lead-free alloys, including their microstructure and complex mechanical characteristics. The microstructure was examined by both light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The identification of alloy chemical composition in micro-areas was performed by SEM/EDS method. As regards light microscopy, the assessment was of both qualitative and quantitative character. The determination of the geometrical parameters of microstructure was based on an original combinatorial method using phase quantum theory. Comprehensive characterization of mechanical behavior with a focus on fatigue life of alloys was performed by means of the original modified low cycle fatigue method (MLCF) adapted to the actually available test machine. The article discusses the fatigue life of binary SnZn90 and SnZn95 alloys in terms of their microstructure. Additionally, the benefits resulting from the use of the combinatorial method in microstructure examinations and MLCF test in the quick estimation of several mechanical parameters have been underlined.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 4; 65-70
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An influence of mechanical mixing and hot-pressing on properties of NiAl/Al2O3 composite
    Wpływ mechanicznego mieszania oraz parametrów spiekania pod ciśnieniem na właściwości kompozytu NiAl/ Al2O3
    Autorzy:
    Kaliński, D.
    Chmielewski, M.
    Pietrzak, K.
    Choręgiewicz, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354230.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    materiały konstrukcyjne
    mieszanie
    kompozyty
    intermetallics
    composite materials
    mechanical mixing
    hot pressing
    mechanical properties
    Opis:
    Intermetallic phases of the Ni-Al type belong to the group of modern constructional materials which have numerous advantageous properties such as high melting temperature, low density, high resistance to high-temperature oxidation (to about 1200 degree Celsjus), high mechanical strength, high fatigue strength, and high tensile and compressive strength (also at elevated temperatures). Intermetallic compounds have however also drawbacks in that they are quite brittle at room temperature which makes their mechanical processing very difficult and restricts their application range. These drawbacks can be obviated by modifying their chemical composition. Improving the properties of NiAl-based materials can be achieved by creating the composite with the matrix made of an intermetallic phase NiAl reinforced with ceramic (Al2O3) particles. This paper is concerned with the mechanical and physical properties (bending strength, fracture toughness, hardness, and Young modulus) and also the microstructure of NiAl/Al2O3 composite. The composite materials were produced by the hot-pressed method using the NiAl/20%Al2O3 (vol.%) powder mixtures. The composite thus produced had a high density of about 99% of the theoretical value and a high bending strength. The bending strength of the NiAl/20vol.%Al2O3 composite was higher by about 80% (635 MPa) than that of the pure NiAl phase (345 MPa). The experiments included also the examination of the effect of the rotational speed of the mill and the duration of the mixing process upon the size and distribution of grains, the microstructure, and phase composition of the composite powder mixtures obtained.
    Fazy międzymetaliczne typu Ni-Al należą do grupy nowoczesnych materiałów konstrukcyjnych, charakteryzujących się m.in: wysoką temperaturą topnienia, niską gęstością, wysoką odpornością na utlenianie w wysokich temperaturach (do około 1200 stopni Celsjusza), wysokim modułem sprężystości- stabilnym ze wzrostem temperatury, wysoka wytrzymałością, wysoką odpornością na ścieranie, wysoką wytrzymałością zmęczeniową, wysoką wytrzymałością na rozciąganie i ściskanie (również w wysokich temperaturach). Związki międzymetaliczne mają jednak wady, są dość kruche w temperaturze pokojowej - co znacznie utrudnia m.in. ich obróbkę mechaniczną i zawęża zakres zastosowań. Jednym ze sposobów wyeliminowania tych wad jest modyfikacja ich składu chemicznego. Poprawę właściwości materiałów na bazie NiAl można osiągnąć m.in. poprzez wytworzenie kompozytu na osnowie NiAl umocnionego cząsteczkami Al2O3. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki prac dotyczących opracowania warunków procesu mechanicznego mieszania mieszanin proszków związek międzymetaliczny (NiAl) - ceramika (Al2O3), a następnie ich spiekania. Przyjęte parametry mieszania i spiekania pozwoliły otrzymać kompozyt charakteryzujący sie odpowiednia gęstością, bliską teoretycznej (99.9%) oraz wysoką wytrzymałością. Wytrzymałość na zginanie kompozytu NiAl/20%obj.Al2O3 była o 80% (635 MPa) wyższą od wytrzymałości czystej fazy NiAl (345 MPa).
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2012, 57, 3; 696-702
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative Studies of Microstructure and Fatigue Life of Selected Lead-free Alloys
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, K.
    Klasik, A.
    Maj, M.
    Sobczak, N.
    Wojciechowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379514.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    lead free alloys
    microstructure
    mechanical properties
    stopy bezołowiowe
    mikrostruktura
    właściwości mechaniczne
    Opis:
    Lead-free alloys containing various amounts of zinc (4.5%, 9%, 13%) and constant copper addition (1%) were discussed. The results of microstructure examinations carried out by light microscopy (qualitative and quantitative) and by SEM were presented. In the light microscopy, a combinatorial method was used for the quantitative evaluation of microstructure. In general, this method is based on the phase quanta theory according to which every microstructure can be treated as an arrangement of phases/structural components in the matrix material. Based on this method, selected geometrical parameters of the alloy microstructure were determined. SEM examinations were based on chemical analyses carried out in microregions by EDS technique. The aim of the analyses was to identify the intermetallic phases/compounds occurring in the examined alloys. In fatigue testing, a modified low cycle fatigue test method (MLCF) was used. Its undeniable advantage is the fact that each time, using one sample only, several mechanical parameters can be estimated. As a result of structure examinations, the effect of alloying elements on the formation of intermetallic phases and compounds identified in the examined lead-free alloys was determined. In turn, the results of mechanical tests showed the effect of intermetallic phases identified in the examined alloys on their fatigue life. Some concepts and advantages of the use of the combinatorial and MLCF methods in materials research were also presented.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 3; 111-116
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructural Aspects of Fatigue Parameters of Lead-Free Sn-Zn Solders with Various Zn Content
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, K.
    Klasik, A.
    Maj, M.
    Wojciechowski, A.
    Sobczak, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379846.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    lutowanie bezołowiowe
    mikrostruktura
    właściwości mechaniczne
    lead-free solders
    microstructure
    mechanical properties
    Opis:
    The study includes the results of research conducted on selected lead-free binary solder alloys designed for operation at high temperatures. The results of qualitative and quantitative metallographic examinations of SnZn alloys with various Zn content are presented. The quantitative microstructure analysis was carried out using a combinatorial method based on phase quanta theory, according to which any microstructure can be treated as an array of elements disposed in the matrix material. Fatigue tests were also performed using the capabilities of a modified version of the LCF method hereinafter referred to in short as MLCF, which is particularly useful in the estimation of mechanical parameters when there are difficulties in obtaining a large number of samples normally required for the LCF test. The fatigue life of alloys was analyzed in the context of their microstructure. It has been shown that the mechanical properties are improved with the Zn content increasing in the alloy. However, the best properties were obtained in the alloy with a chemical composition close to the eutectic system, when the Zn-rich precipitates showed the most preferred morphological characteristics. At higher content of Zn, a strong structural notch was formed in the alloy as a consequence of the formation in the microstructure of a large amount of the needle-like Zn-rich precipitates deteriorating the mechanical characteristics. Thus, the results obtained during previous own studies, which in the field of mechanical testing were based on static tensile test only, have been confirmed. It is interesting to note that during fatigue testing, both significant strengthening and weakening of the examined material can be expected. The results of fatigue tests performed on SnZn alloys have proved that in this particular case the material was softened.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 1; 131-136
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructure and Fatigue Life of the A359 Alloy Reinforced with Al2O3 after Multiple Remelting
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, K.
    Klasik, A.
    Maj, M.
    Sobczak, J.
    Wojciechowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380378.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    A359 alloy
    composite microstructure
    mechanical properties
    multiple remelting
    stop A359
    mikrostruktura kompozytu
    właściwości mechaniczne
    przetapianie wielokrotne
    Opis:
    The multiple direct remelting of composites based on the A359 alloy reinforced with 20% of Al2O3 particles was performed. The results of both gravity casting and squeeze casting were examined in terms of the obtained microstructure and mechanical characteristics. In microstructure examinations, the combinatorial method based on phase quanta theory was used. In mechanical tests, the modified low cycle fatigue method (MLCF) was applied. The effects obtained after both gravity casting and squeeze casting were compared. It was noted that both characteristics were gradually deteriorating up to the tenth remelting. The main cause was the occurrence of shrinkage porosity after the gravity casting. Much better results were obtained applying the squeeze casting process. The results of microstructure examinations and fatigue tests enabled drawing the conclusion that the A359 alloy reinforced with Al2O3 particles can confer a much better fatigue life behavior to the resulting composite than the A359 alloy without the reinforcement. At the same time, comparing these results with the results of the previous own research carried out on the composites based also on the A359 alloy but reinforced in the whole volume with SiC particles, it has been concluded that both types of the composites can be subjected to multiple remelting without any significant deterioration of the structural and mechanical characteristics. The concepts and advantages of using the combinatorial and MLCF methods in materials research were also presented.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 2; 39-44
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructural Aspects of Fatigue Life of Sn-Zn Lead-free Solders with 1% of Ag Addition
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, K.
    Klasik, A.
    Maj, M.
    Sobczak, N.
    Wojciechowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382245.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    lead-free solders
    microstructure
    mechanical properties
    lutowanie bezołowiowe
    mikrostruktura
    właściwości mechaniczne
    Opis:
    The article presents the study results of Sn-Zn lead-free solders with the various Zn content. The results concern the hypoeutectic, eutectic and hypereutectic alloys containing respectively 4.5% Zn, 9% Zn and 13.5% Zn. Moreover, these alloys contain the constant Ag (1%) addition. The aim of the study was to determine the microstructural conditionings of their fatigue life. In particular it was focused on answer the question what meaning can be assigned to the Ag addition in the chemical composition of binary Sn-Zn alloys. The research includes a qualitative and quantitative assessments of the alloy microstructures, that have been carried out in the field of light microscopy (LM). In order to determine some geometrical parameters of the microstructure of alloys the combinatorial method based on the phase quanta theory was applied. Moreover, for the identification necessities the chemical analyses in the micro-areas by SEM/EDS technics were also performed. Based on the SEM/EDS results the phases and intermetallic compounds existing in the examined lead-free solders were identified. The mechanical characteristics were determined by means of the modified low cycle test (MLCF). Based on this method and on the results obtained every time from only one sample the dozen of essential mechanical parameters were evaluated. The research results were the basis of analyzes concerning the effects of microstructural geometrical parameters of lead-free alloys studied on their fatigue life at ambient temperature.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 1; 87-92
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructure and properties of hot-pressed molybdenum-alumina composites
    Spiekane kompozyty molibden-Al2O3 - struktura i właściwości
    Autorzy:
    Chmielewski, M.
    Dutkiewicz, J.
    Kaliński, D.
    Lityńska-Dobrzyńska, L.
    Pietrzak, K.
    Strojny-Nędza, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354228.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    materiały ceramiczne
    kompozyty ceramiczno-metalowe
    technika spiekania
    ceramic-metal composites
    hot pressing
    microstructure
    interface
    mechanical properties
    Opis:
    Brittleness is the main technical limitation on a wide use of advanced ceramic materials. To overcome this problem, ceramic-metal composites are commonly applied. A principal advantage of ceramic-metal composite materials is their higher resistance to brittle fracture. An increase of fracture toughness depends on the type, amount, size and shape of a metallic component. The metallic phase can additionally modify physical, mechanical and thermal properties of materials. The results of experiments concerning a manufacturing process of Mo-Al2O3 composite materials obtained by the hot pressing method were presented. Two powder mixtures with different volume fraction of aluminium oxide were prepared in a planetary ball mill. The hot pressing process allowed to obtain well-densified metal matrix composites (˜99% of a theoretical density). Microstructural observations of sinters were conducted using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Very stable bonding between metal and ceramic grains was observed. Complex investigations of the physical and mechanical properties of obtained molybdenum-alumina composite materials seem to be very promising from an application point of view.
    Główna przyczyną ograniczenia stosowalności zaawansowanych materiałów ceramicznych jest ich kruchość. W celu pokonania tego problemu powszechnie stosuje sie kompozyty ceramiczno-metalowe, których zaletą jest wyższa odporność na kruche pękanie w porównaniu z materiałami ceramicznymi. Zależy ona od wielu czynników m.in. rodzaju, ilości, wielkości oraz kształtu zastosowanego metalu. Ostatecznym zmianom ulegają równiez inne właściwości tj. fizyczne, mechaniczne, termiczne. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki technologicznych prób otrzymywania materiałów kompozytowych Mo-Al2O3 przy wykorzystaniu techniki spiekania pod ciśnieniem. Mieszaniny proszków o różnych udziałach objętosciowych fazy ceramicznej przygotowano w planetarnym młynku kulowym. Ostateczny proces zageszczania pozwolił uzyskac materiały o wysokiej gestości względnej (powyżej 99% gęstości teoretycznej). Analizowano mikrostrukturę spieków z wykorzystaniem skaningowej i transmisyjnej mikroskopii elektronowej. Stwierdzono występowanie bardzo dobrego połączenia fazy ceramicznej z osnową metalową. Przeprowadzono szeroką analizą właściwosci fizycznych i mechanicznych uzyskanych kompozytów, co powinno pozwolić na rozszerzenie możliwości aplikacyjnych opracowanych tworzyw.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2012, 57, 3; 686-693
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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