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Tytuł:
Optymalizacja kształtu i struktury drzewa według teorii jednorodnego rozkładu naprężeń
Optimization of tree structure and shape according to axiom of uniform stress
Autorzy:
Zajaczkowska, U.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wlasciwosci mechaniczne
wzrost roslin
biomechanika
rozklad naprezen jednorodny
obliczenia
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
trees mechanical properties
biomechanics
adaptive growth
axiom of uniform stress
mechanical self−optimization of trees
Opis:
A review of optimization methods based on the axiom of uniform stress and finite element method (FEM) developed by Mattheck is given. Computer−aided optimization (CAO) and computer−aided internal organization (CAIO) methods for modeling adaptive growth of trees are described. Examples of mechanical self−optimization of internal structure and tree shape under various environmental conditions e.g. control of spiral grain formation, xylem ray structure, stem wound regeneration, sable−shaped tree stems, root system growth are discussed.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2006, 150, 04; 53-58
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ więźby sadzenia na wzrost i przeżywalność sosny zwyczajnej w okresie około 40 lat od założenia uprawy w zróżnicowanych warunkach siedliskowych
The influence of plant spacing on growth and survival of Scots pine in various habitats during a 40 year period since stand establishment
Autorzy:
Gil, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1317297.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
uprawy lesne
drzewa lesne
wiezba drzew
wiezba poczatkowa
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
wzrost roslin
przezywalnosc
warunki siedliskowe
Scots pine
plant spacing
initial density
survival of trees
trees’ growth
habitat conditions
Opis:
The aim of this research was to characterise the influence of plant spacing on the survival and growth of pines in dry and fresh coniferous forest habitats after almost 40 years since stand establishment. In this study, we compared seven types of spacing, including square, rectangular and triangular configurations, with initial densities ranging from 6944 units/ha to 15 625 units/ha. The research covered two sites where no tending interventions of selective character were performed throughout the growth period. We found that habitat conditions had an influence on tree survival as well as growth in thickness and height in the pine forest stands. In the less fertile habitat, where competition between trees was less intense, about 1,5 to 2 times more trees survived than in the more fertile habitat. Pines growing in the fresh coniferous forest were taller and had substantially larger diameter breast heights (dbh) in comparison to pines of the dry coniferous forest. Additionally, habitat conditions had an influence on the spacing effect correctness of the analysed features. In the poorer habitat this influence was stronger, which showed in a greater differentiation of the analysed parameters as compared to the more fertile habitat. Average dbh values of all trees on the Płock surface increased with decreasing initial density and ranged from 8,24 cm in variant A (15 625 units/ha) to 9,79 cm in variant C (6944 units/ha). On the Łąck surface, trees growing at a lower density (variants C and E) were significantly thicker than trees growing at densities between10 000 units/ha and 15 625 units/ha (spacing variants A, B, F, G). Furthermore, our results showed a significant influence of habitat conditions and plant spacing on the thickness of pines belonging to the 1st biosocial class. Moreover, we found a positive influence of triangular-shaped spacing on the trees' thickness increment in the fresh coniferous forest, which confirms reports from other authors. Hence, we can deduce that triangular spacing enables trees to make better use of their surrounding space which positively impacts on their growth parameters. Based on these results, we can conclude that, in pine forests, there is a significant influence of habitat conditions on tree survival and growth in thickness and height. This study also showed significant differences between the types of plant spacing and their effect on pine shafts in the II age class. However, a relationship between height growth rate and initial density was not observed. In both of the investigated habitats, the highest trees were observed at densities around 11 500 units/ha with triangular spacing enhancing this effect.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2014, 75, 2; 117-125
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamika naturalnego wydzielania się drzew w drzewostanach sosnowych
Dynamics of natural supression of trees in pine stands
Autorzy:
Beker, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022659.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
lesnictwo
wydzielanie sie drzew
pine stands
pinus sylvestris l.
standing dead trees
dynamics
thinning grade
Opis:
This paper presents research results on the dynamics of natural suppression of trees in pine stands. Measurement data come from 14 permanent research plots, encompassing proportionally the tree stands of 2nd to 5th age classes.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 12; 45-52
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanizm zasiedlania drzew przez kornikowate
Autorzy:
Jonkisz, J.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019683.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
zasiedlanie
szkodniki roslin
kornikowate
Scolytidae
entomologia lesna
lesnictwo
bark beetle
host plant chemical
pheromone
process of infesting trees
Opis:
Bark beetles (order Coleoptera, family Scolitydae) comprise a taxonomic group of species that look similar although they differ widely in their ecology and biochemical adaptations to host tees. This diversity of bark beetle biology in which each species is adapted to only one or a few host species, has probably resulted from natural selection due to the great variety of trees and their biochemicals. It also is likely that each species of tree has coevolved various chemicals to defend against the herbivorous selection pressures of bark beetles and other insects. Host plant chemicals can be attractive, repellent, toxic or nutritious to bark beetles and have effects on: (1) finding and accepting the host tree (host selection and suitability), (2) feeding stimulation and deterrence, (3) host resistance, (4) pheromone/allomone biosynthesis and communication, and (5) attraction of predators, parasites and competitors of bark beetles. There are two theories on how bark beetles find suitable host trees. The first is that they locate such trees by orienting over several metres to volatile chemicals usually released by damaged or diseased trees (called "primary attraction"). The second theory is that beetles fly about and encounter suitable host trees at random, whereupon they land and test them by short−range olfaction or gestation.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 07; 57-60
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Udział węgla w związkach obronnych przed czynnikami biotycznymi u roślin drzewiastych
Share of carbon in defense compounds against biotic factors in woody plants
Autorzy:
Karolewski, P.
Jagodziński, A.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/994518.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
obrona chemiczna
substancje obronne
zawartosc wegla
carbon concentration
defense compounds
woody plants
trees
biotic factors
review
Opis:
In addition to physical defenses, chemical defenses are the most effective way to protect plants from adverse biotic factors (phytophagous insects, other herbivores and pathogenic fungi). This requires extra effort from plants to produce secondary defense metabolites at the expense of production of primary metabolites directly linked to the growth and development of plants. There are three main groups of defensive compounds (alkaloids, phenolic compounds and terpenoids). All defensive compounds are rich in carbon. Depending on the chemical formula, carbon makes up from about 40% to over 85% of the molecular weight of various defense compounds. It is not possible to calculate the total carbon mass accumulation in all defense compounds. In this paper we discuss the content of defensive compounds and carbon with respect to defense strategy of plants, functional groups of woody species (coniferous and deciduous trees), tree species, tree biomass components (leaves, branches, bark, roots, etc.) and many other internal (age of trees, age of leaves, stage of development, origin, etc.) as well as external factors, related to soil and climatic conditions.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2013, 157, 11; 831-841
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jarząb brekinia (Sorbus torminalis) w polskich lasach
Wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis) in Polish forests
Autorzy:
Bednorz, L.
Urbański, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
botanika lesna
drzewa lesne
jarzab brekinia
Sorbus torminalis
wystepowanie
Polska
sorbus torminalis
forest trees
species protection
commercial cultivation
Opis:
The paper presents a brief history and present state of Sorbus torminalis in Polish forests. It shows the history of research and conservation of this species and changes in conservation strategies and methods. The future of the species, concerning both conservation and cultivation context looks optimistically.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 08; 614-620
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oddziaływanie wyładowań atmosferycznych na drzewa
The lightning influence on trees
Autorzy:
Bednarz, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1024197.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
uszkodzenia drzew
oddzialywanie na rosliny
uszkodzenia korzeni
lesnictwo
wyladowania atmosferyczne
drzewa
zamieranie drzew
lightning
trees weakness
roots damages
insects
fungi
Opis:
The article presents the review of information about physiological and mechanical injuries of trees strocked by lightning. The weakened trees synthesis less insect repellents or toxic substances than another ones and thereby are more susceptible to insects attack. Lightning trees suffer from water shortage, because therir roots are usually also damaged by lightning.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 07; 31-36
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charakterystyka drzew gniazdowych dzięcioła czarnego w Puszczy Augustowskiej
Characteristics of the nesting trees of the Black Woodpecker in the Augustow Forest
Autorzy:
Zawadzka, D.
Zawadzki, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Puszcza Augustowska
lasy
fauna
ptaki
dzieciol czarny
Dryocopus martius
gniazdowanie
drzewa gniazdowe
dryocopus martius
cavities
nesting trees
pinus sylvestris
Opis:
The Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius excavates nesting holes in big trees and use dead wood for foraging. It is considered as a key and an indicator species in the protection of biodiversity of forest ecosystems, because its cavities condition the possibility of breeding the biggest secondary cavity−nesters, bats, and some species of wasps. We studied preferences of the Black Woodpecker towards the nesting trees in the Augustów Forest (NE Poland). It is an extensive forest complex covering 114 000 ha, dominated by fresh and mixed fresh coniferous forest sites. Scots pine Pinus sylvestris occupies 78% of forest area. Stands older than 100 years cover about 18% of the study area. We searched for trees with cavities of the Black Woodpecker in stands older than 60 years. We identified tree species, their age and health condition. The breast height diameter and height of trees and height of the cavities above ground were measured. Additionally, cavity entrance orientation were estimated. We found a total number of 150 nesting trees with 229 cavities excavated by the Black Woodpecker. Pines constituted 95% of nesting trees. Cavities were found also in Betula pendula and Populus tremula. Live trees predominated among trees with cavities. Dead trees (only pines) constituted 12% of all. More than one (form 2 to 6) cavity entrances were recorded in almost 30% of nesting trees. Woodpeckers excavated cavities in pines in age from 92 to 222, 159 years old on average. Taken together, 90% of cavity pines were older than 110 years. The height of nesting trees varied from 21 to 37.5 m (30.5 m on average), and its breast height diameter was 32−96 cm with mean of 54 cm. Over 90% of trees with woodpeckers' cavities had dbh larger than 40 cm, and almost 50% between 50 and 60 cm. The mean height of cavity entrances was 12.8 (6−27) m. There was no dependence between the height of cavities and the thickness of trees. The entrance orientation was dominated by east and north (together 58%). Birds selected the least often an entrance in southwest (only 2.3%). The Augustów Forest is the only study plot in Europe, where so strong domination of pines among nesting trees of the Black Woodpecker was recorded. The preferred tree species in south and west part of the continent is Fagus sylvatica. The Black Woodpecker uses for nests mainly the oldest pines, but it is related to the thickness, and not directly to the age of these trees. The maintenance of pine dominated stands older than 120 years is necessary for the Black Woodpecker protection in the Augustów Forest.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 12; 1002-1009
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zespół grzybów rozkładających drewno sędziwych dębów i lip
Associations of wood?decaying fungi in ancient oak and lime trees
Autorzy:
Zarzyński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023386.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
grzyby
drzewa pomnikowe
biodegradacja
drzewa stare
Quercus
lesnictwo
lipa
dab
Tilia
drzewa lesne
oak
lime
wood−decaying fungi
ancient trees
poland
Opis:
Oak and lime trees constitute nearly 2/3 of an overall number of trees considered as nature monuments in Poland. Being exposed to a number of agents their health condition often is poor. The wood−decaying fungi are the major age−limiting agents for trees. This paper presents the results of studies on the presence of various fungal species on 160 oak and lime trees. The author makes an attempt to define associations of fungi causing wood decay in ancient oak and lime trees in Poland.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 04; 22-26
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dziuple w ekosystemach leśnych: formowanie, rozmieszczenie, znaczenie ekologiczne i wskazania ochronne
Cavities in forest ecosystems: formation, distribution, ecological importance and recommendation for protection
Autorzy:
Zawadzka, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lasy
ekosystemy lesne
dziuple
wystepowanie
znaczenie ekologiczne
drzewa dziuplaste
zalecenia ochronne
cavities
cavity formation
cavity−dependent species
protection of cavity trees
Opis:
Cavities are important, natural components of forest ecosystems, conditioning the high level of biodiversity. They are formed either as a result of a natural process of wood decay caused by fungi or as excavations made by woodpeckers Picidae. Distribution and density of cavity trees are regionally diversified and dependent on species composition and age of the stands as well as the management way. In the global scale, decay cavities are much more numerous than those created by woodpeckers. Natural cavities dominated in deciduous forests, whilst woodpeckers−made ones – in coniferous stands. The density of cavities increases along the age gradient due to the growing size of trees and their worse health condition. Cavities in natural forests are more numerous than in commercial, managed ones. This is caused by the removal during the thinning of trees reduced in health, attacked by insects, fungi or mechanically damaged, which are potential places for the creation of cavities. The other reason is a too low age of the final cutting. Moreover, in the managed forest, cavity trees are often removed during sanitary cuttings, although leaving them is recommended. In European forests, the density of cavities is from less than 1 to almost 100 per ha. Natural cavities dominated in most of the studied plots. In Poland, their density varied from less than 1 to 16 per ha. Cavities are habitats and breeding sites of many specialized species of animals from invertebrates to mammals, fungi, and plants. In Poland, cavities are used by about 40 bird species, about 20 mammal species, as well as several hundred species of insects. According to the Polish forestry regulations, trees with cavities should be left to natural destruction, but there are no detail recommendations how to search for such trees and what is their required density. The recommendation to leave cavity trees will not contribute to the increase in their number in managed forests, unless one provides wider availability of adequately large trees with a reduced condition. In Polish forests, actions should be taken to increase the number of potential trees, in which cavities may be formed. They should be designed at the stage of tending for young stands. The minimal density of cavities in managed forests should be in the range of 1−3 per ha in coniferous and mixed forests up to 100 years old and above 3−4 per ha in stands older than 100 years, while in deciduous forests these values should equal to 2−5 per ha and 4−6 per ha in younger and older stands respectively.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 06; 509-520
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preferencje pokarmowe bobra europejskiego (Castor fiber L.) na terenach zurbanizowanych oraz chronionych
Forage preferences of the European Beaver [Castor fiber L.] on urban and protected areas
Autorzy:
Czyżowski, P.
Karpiński, M.
Drozd, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012040.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
obszary chronione
bobr europejski
tereny zurbanizowane
Castor fiber
preferencje pokarmowe
Nadwieprzanski Park Krajobrazowy
lesnictwo
jezioro Sumin
european beaver
forage preferences
damage of trees
Opis:
This paper compares food preferences (tree species) of beavers that live in urban and protected areas. All trees were identified to species level, and their diameter at breast height placed into one of eight classes. Results showed differences between trees species grieved by beavers and dbh classes on studied urban and protected areas.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2009, 153, 06; 425-432
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rozmieszczenie populacji cisa pospolitego (Taxus baccata L.) w rezerwacie "Cisy nad Liswartą"
Distribution of European yew (Taxus baccata L.) in the "Cisy nad Liswartą" reserve
Autorzy:
Hylla, W.
Dobrowolska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
rezerwaty przyrody
rezerwat Cisy nad Liswarta
cis pospolity
Taxus baccata
gatunki wspolwystepujace
rozmieszczenie przestrzenne
spatial distribution
nature reserve
trees co−occurrence
ripley's function
Opis:
The study analyses the spatial distribution of European yew and its co−occurrence with other trees or different individuals of the species. The study was conducted in the ‘Cisy nad Liswartą' nature reserve (50°46'27.12"N, 18°47'11.86"E). Data was collected in the whole reserve as well as on three 40×40 m study plots. The selected plots varied in terms of yew density, stand species composition and soil humidity. Study plots were divided into 16 squares (10×10 m). Ripley's K functions were used to examine spatial patterns of yew and other tree species populations. The distribution of all trees was random in the reserve. However, distribution of yew population was clumped. Yew preferred sites close to the creeks. Significant clustering of yew trees at distances up to 60−180 m was found. Distribution of yew on plot II was random, while clumped on plots I and III. The co−occurrence of yew and other tree species was random on plot I. Nevertheless, the positive correlation was found for yew and other tree species at the scale of 13−19 m and negative correlation at the distance 0−4 m. Co−occurrence of yew and other tree species was random on plot III as well. Negative correlation was found for thin yew and spruce at the distance of 8 m on plot I. Positive correlations were noticed for yew and other tree species, yew and sycamore at the distance 16 m on plot II. Negative correlations at the distance 18 m were achieved on plot III for: yew and alder, large yew and alder, yew and other tree species of diameter 15−35 cm. Yew grows on higher places, on small islands. The competition between spruce and yew (negative correlation) was the consequence of light and humidity demand of both tree species. The negative correlation between yews and medium alders on longer distance was the result of light competition.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2015, 159, 11; 948-957
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy wprowadzanie w odnowieniach sadzonek z zakrytym systemem korzeniowym wszędzie znajduje uzasadnienie – punkt widzenia fitopatologa
Is the introduction of covered root seedlings in every renewal reasonable – phytopathological point of view
Autorzy:
Sierota, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985743.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
odnowienia lasu
sadzonki z zakrytym systemem korzeniowym
stan zdrowotny
uprawy lesne
zagrozenia upraw
container cuttings
threats to the development of trees in cultures
Opis:
Seedlings produced with a covered root system were intended to be used in the afforestation of ‘difficult’ soils in post−agricultural lands, on post−fire areas, in wastelands, within zones of industrial damage or on mining heaps. It is assumed that the suitable substrate and properly grown seedling ensure a good start for a plant in a new, unfavorable environment. In many forest districts so−called ‘container nurseries’ were established and produced millions of seedlings with a covered root system, including seedlings equipped with mycorrhiza under them, controlled mycorrhization. In recent years, however, more and more often such seedlings are also introduced into forest soils during the renewal of logging or gaps. Phytopathology sees many weaknesses of such an approach. The article indicates potential and actual threats in the production cycle of planting material in containers and after planting trees in cultures.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 12; 989-996
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przydatność repelentów w ochronie drzew przed zgryzaniem ich przez bobry
The efficiency of repellents in trees protection against beavers
Autorzy:
Borowski, Z.
Borkowski, J.
Niewęgłowski, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022726.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
zgryzanie
bobr
skutecznosc
Castor fiber
ochrona lasu
lesnictwo
repelenty
szkody lowieckie
drzewa lesne
european beaver
castor fiber
repellents
trees protection against wildlife
damage by wildlife.
Opis:
The efficiency in Trees protection against European beaver (Castor fiber) of two different repellents: JTEATON and REPENTOL 6 BIS PA was studied under laboratory condition. Both types of repellents showed no efficiency in willow branch protection against beaver browsing. Willow branches protected by two repellents were damaged in the same level as non−protected branches (control) both under low (1 beaver) and high predation risk (2−4 beavers). Data from this experiment suggest that tested repellents were not efficient in trees protection against beaver.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 11; 13-17
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Występowanie zgnilizny odziomkowej drzew matecznych jodły pospolitej Abies alba Mill. i świerka pospolitego Picea abies (L.) z nadleśnictw karpackich
Butt rot occurrence in plus trees of Silver fir Abies alba Mill. and Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) from the Carpathians
Autorzy:
Chomicz-Zegar, E.
Niemtur, S.
Kapsa, M.
Ambroży, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294942.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
fitopatologia lesna
drzewa lesne
jodla pospolita
Abies alba
swierk pospolity
Picea abies
drzewa mateczne
zgnilizna odziomkowa
wystepowanie
Karpaty
butt rot
sonic tomography
plus trees
resistance
Opis:
Due to its hidden character, butt rot occurrence is not commonly included in the assessment of plus trees’ health status. Thus, the trees’ varied susceptibility to wood decay is not a target of breeding efforts. The aim of the study was to determine the extent of butt rot in fir and spruce plus trees from Carpathian seed stands. We employed the novel and non-invasive diagnostic method of sonic tomography to determine presence and severity of decay at the base of 110 plus trees of silver fir and 42 of Norway spruce. Butt rot in various stages of development occurred in 63% of investigated fir trees and in 45% of spruce trees. The proportion of damaged wood on the tomogram ranged from 0–38% in fir and 0–47% in spruce with similar average proportions of solid wood in all forest districts. The vast majority of trees was in the range of 80–90% solid wood. Plus trees of fir and spruce were affected by butt rot to a similar extent and the degree of damage increased with age in both species. However, a large variation in susceptibility to butt rot was found between individual trees leading to the conclusion that the identification of old trees, which wood is not decayed, may be the basis for further research on the resistance to butt rot.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2016, 77, 3
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 37

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