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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Chalara fraxinea - nowo opisany gatunek grzyba na zamierających jesionach w Polsce
    Chalara fraxinea - new described fungus species on dying ash in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Kowalski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1015977.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    objawy chorobowe
    grzyby
    czynniki chorobotworcze
    jesion
    Chalara fraxinea
    lesnictwo
    Fraxinus
    drzewa lesne
    fitopatologia lesna
    fraxinus excelsior
    chalara fraxinea
    wilting
    dieback
    Opis:
    The paper provides the characteristics of the fungus Chalara fraxinea which may enable its identification. The disease symptoms on ashes regularly accompanied by this fungus were specified. Possible casual relationship between Ch. fraxinea and ash dieback is discussed in the paper.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 04; 44-48
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pierwsze dane o występowaniu Phytophthora cinnamomi na dębie szypułkowym w Polsce
    Autorzy:
    Oszako, T.
    Orlikowski, L.B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022039.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wystepowanie
    grzyby
    czynniki chorobotworcze
    Phytophthora cinnamomi
    Quercus robur
    lesnictwo
    dab szypulkowy
    siewki
    drzewa lesne
    fitopatologia lesna
    isolation
    phytophthora cinnamomi
    oak decline
    dieback spots
    colonisation
    Opis:
    Phytophthora cinnamomi was isolated from nurseries and in the stand. Declining pedonculate seedlings and adult oaks Quercus robur L showed disease symptoms. Affected seedlings were dying as quick as severe damage of root system occurred. Infected trees showed dieback of crowns and characteristic dark exudation on stems. Beneath the bark necrosis of bast tissue was observed. Apart of P. cinnamomi such fungal pathogens as Fusarium avenaceum and F. oxysporum were isolated from diseased plants. The number of obtained isolates of P. cinnamomi could be probably higher if they were not quickly overgrown by Mucor, Chaetomium and Trichoderma spp. Isolates of P. cinnamomi from oak, pine and spruce cause stem rot of oak seedlings and necrosis spread about 8,5−10,4 mm/24 hr. On infected parts of oak the fastest spread was observed on roots and the slowest on leaf blades.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 10; 47-53
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rozprzestrzenienie grzyba Chalara fraxinea w aspekcie procesu chorobowego jesionu w Polsce
    Expanse of Chalara fraxinea fungus in terms of ash dieback in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Kowalski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009704.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wystepowanie
    grzyby
    czynniki chorobotworcze
    rozprzestrzenianie sie grzybow
    jesion wyniosly
    Chalara fraxinea
    Fraxinus excelsior
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    fitopatologia lesna
    chalara fraxinea
    fraxinus excelsior
    dieback
    Opis:
    Paper presents the results of the research performed in years 2000−2008 on the occurrence of Chalara fraxinea fungus on ashes with dieback symptoms. Abundance of that species was observed on ashes in all analysed forest districts and national parks. Different frequency of infection of various Fraxinus excelsior organs and tissues was pointed out.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2009, 153, 10; 668-674
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena stanu zdrowotnego drzewostanów sosnowych po gradacji ochojnika sosnowego (Pineus pini L.) w nadleśnictwach Łuków i Ostrów Mazowiecka
    Assessment of the health condition of pine stands following the pine woolly aphid [Pineus pini L.] outbreak in the Lukow and Ostrow Mazowiecka Forest Districts
    Autorzy:
    Wojtan, R.
    Bystrowski, C.
    Tomusiak, R.
    Zasada, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018321.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany sosnowe
    szkodniki roslin
    stan zdrowotny lasu
    Pineus pini
    ochojnik sosnowy
    lesnictwo
    gradacja
    tree dieback
    defoliation
    vitality
    synthetic index of damage
    pinus sylvestris
    pineus pini
    Opis:
    There has been a massive occurrence of aphids observed in 2001 in many Scots pine stands of the Mazovia region. This pest has been later identified as pine woolly aphid (Pineus pini L.). The result of the pest's feeding was a significant tree defoliation reaching even 80%. The article presents results of the tree health condition assessment performed in the attacked stands three years after a maximum intensity of the pine woolly aphid occurrence.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 08; 11-19
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stan zdrowotny drzewostanów jesionowych (Fraxinus excelsior L.) Nadleśnictwa Mircze
    Health condition of ash stands (Fraxinus excelsior L.) in Mircze Forest District
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Wojtan, R.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1024293.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    defoliacja
    Nadlesnictwo Mircze
    drzewostany jesionowe
    jesion wyniosly
    stan zdrowotny lasu
    zywotnosc
    stan zdrowotny drzew
    Fraxinus excelsior
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    tree dieback
    defoliation
    vitality
    synthetic index of damage
    fraxinus excelsior
    Opis:
    For several years, Poland has been facing the dieback of ash stands. The paper describes this phenomenon on the example of stands in the Mircze Forest District situated in the eastern regions of the country. The damage to these stands was assessed using a „stand method” that distinguishes three variants based on crown defoliation, vitality and synthetic index of tree damage being a combination of the first two criteria. Study results confirmed the poor health condition of ash stands in the Mircze Forest District.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2003, 147, 12; 9-18
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Grzyby wielkoowocnikowe stwierdzone na olszy czarnej Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. w drzewostanach olszowych wykazujących objawy zamierania
    Macrofungi found on black alder Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. in alder stands showing signs of a dieback
    Autorzy:
    Piętka, J.
    Grzywacz, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985840.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    fitopatologia lesna
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    grzyby wielkoowocnikowe
    Xanthoporia radiata
    Stereum hirsutum
    Daedaleopsis confragosa
    Armillaria
    Stereum subtomentosum
    wystepowanie
    drzewostany olszowe
    zamieranie lasow
    lignicolous fungi
    stands dieback
    armillaria root disease
    Opis:
    Black alder Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. is an important forest−forming species in Poland, with more than 5% participation in the species structure. It is a typical lowland species, especially in the river valleys, on the banks of the lakes and in the land depressions. It is one of the main species in the following habitats: boggy mixed broadleaved forest, alder and alder−ash forest, riparian forest and moist broadleaved forest. As a valuable admixture alder is introduced in the habitat of boggy coniferous forest and boggy broadleaved forest. Until recently black alder was considered in Poland as a species with a very low level of danger from the pests and diseases. The situation changed at the turn of the centuries, when the deterioration of the health status of the alder stands began, which led locally to the mass dieback of the trees, mainly in the stands which are over 20 years old. In the following years, the phenomenon was intensified. The largest number of such stands was recorded in 2006. The strongest deterioration of health condition of the trees was observed in five regional directorates of the State Forests: Białystok, Lublin, Torun, Wrocław and Olsztyn. The study gives information on lignicolous fungi found on black alder in 62 alder stands, which exhibited the most severe signs of the dieback. The research was conducted in 14 forest districts and in Poleski National Park (fig.). The surveys revealed the presence of 49 taxa of the lignicolous fungi (44 Basidiomycota and 5 Ascomycota). The most common species were Xanthoporia radiata, Stereum hirsutum, Daedaleopsis confragosa, Armillaria spp. as well as S. subtomentosum (tab. 2). The disease contributing to the local dieback of black alder in the stands (mainly in the Lublin Regional Directorate of the State Forests) is the root rot caused by Armillaria species. Many species of lignicolous fungi (e.g. Fomes fomentarius, Fomitopsis pinicola, Ganoderma applanatum) penetrate into previously weakened trees, causing decay of wood, which can accelerate the dying of single trees.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 01; 22-31
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Występowanie i proces rozprzestrzeniania się Chalara fraxinea na jesionie wyniosłym (Fraxinus excelsior L.) na terenie wybranych krajów Europy Północnej
    Occurrence and spread of Chalara fraxinea on common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) in the selected countries of Northern Europe
    Autorzy:
    Turczański, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989540.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    jesion wyniosly
    Fraxinus excelsior
    zamieranie drzew
    czynniki chorobotworcze
    grzyby
    Chalara fraxinea
    wystepowanie
    rozprzestrzenianie sie chorob
    Wielka Brytania
    Irlandia
    Dania
    Szwecja
    ash dieback
    united kingdom
    ireland
    denmark
    sweden
    Opis:
    Dieback of common ash is a worrying phenomenon that emerged in the early 1990s. The first symptoms were observed in 1992 in Poland. In 1996 the plague appeared in Lithuania, followed by Germany, Denmark, Czech Republic, Austria, Slovenia, Sweden and France (2002−2009), to finally reach the British Isles in 2012. At the beginning it was said about the disease of ash, but a few years later it became the issue of ash dieback. Despite many research and the cause identification, the problem still exists. The aim of article is to show the overall picture and the prior knowledge of the phenomenon on the example of four Northern European countries: Great Britain, Ireland, Denmark and Sweden. Considerations were mainly focused on the UK and Ireland, which because of the insular location are an area of slower spread of the Chalara fraxinea – fungus considered to be the one of the main factors responsible for ash disease. Moreover, the selection is determined by the weather and habitat conditions where the described species have their optimum range. To the contrast, Denmark and Sweden were mentioned also. The described species has a much worse state of health in that countries. In order to describe the current state of the spread of ash dieback, we selected official documents and factsheets available on the government websites. In case of described countries, quick response and proper identification of the cause of ash dieback allowed to take appropriate steps to fight Chalara fraxinea before the disease has spread in the local population. Appropriate government regulation, cooperation with local forest owners, education and action plans at the moment seems to function properly especially in Great Britain and Ireland. Quite other conditions are in the countries of the continental Europe, including Poland, Lithuania, Denmark and Sweden, where the fungus had made quite large losses in stands of common ash long before it was determined the main cause of this phenomenon. Undoubtedly a huge role in the rapid spread of the pathogen has a geographical location and quick response on the disease.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 07; 539-546
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przyczyny masowego zamierania drzewostanów dębowych
    Causes of oak stand decline
    Autorzy:
    Oszako, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016238.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    metabolizm roslin
    czynniki fizjologiczne
    szkodniki roslin
    lesnictwo
    Quercus
    zamieranie lasow
    drzewostany debowe
    czynniki chorobotworcze
    grzyby
    dab
    stres srodowiskowy
    szkodniki wtorne
    drzewa lesne
    forest dieback
    environmental stress
    physiological change
    metabolism
    fungal infection
    secondary pest
    Opis:
    Agents causing damage to plant organisms like drought, folivore feeding, fungal pathogens, ground frosts have no significant effect on tree mortality if they occur individually, however their concurrent occurrence may lead to mass dieback of trees on a local scale. Changes in cell biochemistry of trees under the impact of stress factors enable development of fungal infections or facilitate insect attacks. This study presents examples of interactions between physiological changes (e.g. in production of enzymes, phenolic compounds, etc.) determining host plant resistance and pathogen or pest responses to these changes.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 06; 62-72
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analiza porównawcza stopnia uszkodzenia jesionu wyniosłego (Fraxinus excelsior L.) i olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.), rosnących w zmieszaniu lub bliskim sąsiedztwie
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Tomusiak, R.
    Wojtan, R.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022270.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    witalnosc
    defoliacja
    uszkodzenia drzew
    sasiedztwo roslin
    jesion wyniosly
    Fraxinus excelsior
    lesnictwo
    olsza czarna
    stopien zmieszania drzew
    zamieranie drzew
    Alnus glutinosa
    drzewa lesne
    tree dieback
    defoliation
    vitality
    synthetic damage indicator
    fraxinus excelsior
    alnus glutinosa
    Opis:
    The paper presents a comparative analysis of the degree of damage to common ash and black alder trees growing in mixture or a close neighbourhood. Three variants of the damage assessment method were applied in the analysis: defoliation−based variant I, vitality variant II and synthetic damage indicator−based variant III. It was demonstrated that on average ash stands were more damaged than alder stands. This allowed to put forward a hypothesis that there is an alternative to replace ash with black alder on some, especially wet habitats where the dieback process is largely advanced.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 02; 3-11
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tempo i kierunki zmian składu gatunkowego drzewostanów naturalnych w wybranych zbiorowiskach leśnych Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Rate and direction of changes in tree species composition of natural stands in selected forest associations in the Bialowieza Forest
    Autorzy:
    Paluch, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1313006.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    drzewostany naturalne
    zbiorowiska lesne
    sklad gatunkowy
    bor swiezy brusznicowo-sosnowy
    bor mieszany trzcinnikowo-swierkowy
    grad miodownikowo-grabowy
    grad typowy
    grad trzcinnikowy
    leg olszowo-jesionowy
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    podobienstwo skladu gatunkowego
    stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
    hornbeam expansion
    natural stands
    permanent study plots
    ash dieback
    Białowieża forest
    Opis:
    The main aim of the study was to determine changes in the species composition and structure of natural tree stands in the Białowieża Forest (BF), which occurred in the years 1975-2012, as well as to evaluate their trends, directions and rate. The study was carried out on 121 permanent research plots (50×50m), which represented the most important forest phytocenoses in BF, i.e. fresh pine-whortleberry forest Vaccinio vitis-idaeae-Pinetum Sokoł. 1980, fresh mixed spruce-reed grass forest Calamagrostio-Piceetum Soko³. 1968, oligotrophic form of hornbeam - bastard balm forest Melitti-Carpinetum Soko³. 1976, different forms of linden- hornbeam forest: Tilio-Carpinetum Tracz. 1962, alder-ash forest Fraxino-Alnetum W. Mat. 1952 and sub-boreal spruce forest on bog moss Sphagno girgenshonii- Piceetum Polak. 1962. On the plots selected, there was measured the diameter at breast height (DBH) of all trees, as well as every tree and shrub up to 1.3 m high was counted and described with reference to species. The measurements and observations were regularly repeated every 10-15 years. The results showed that over the last period of nearly 40 years, there has increased a share of common hornbeam Carpinus betulus L. in the structure of forest stands in numerous BF associations. This tree species has expanded into different forest habitats including poor, medium fertile and wetland sites. The results obtained indicate a trend towards formation of linden-hornbeam forests in BF phytocenoses. The most evident changes were recorded in hornbeam - bastard balm forest. In natural conditions of the majority of forest associations analyzed, there prevailed hornbeam trees in forest regeneration, except for the stands in fresh mixed pine forest and spruce forest on bog moss. In the latter two cases, hornbeam showed signs of its presence in the last observation period. Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) retreated into oligotrophic forest associations. In the recent decades, spruce populations have been dramatically reduced in the stands in mixed coniferous and different kinds of broadleaved forests. There have also decreased a share of light-demanding tree species, such as Scots pine (Pinus silvestris L.), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and silver birch (Betula pendula L.) in BF tree stands, including their regeneration-layer. Especially, Scots pine regeneration has not been successful. In the short period of time (about 15 years) there has been observed rapid and outsized reduction of ash Fraxinus excelsior L. populations in natural conditions of alder-ash forests. All through the last 10-15 years, there has been also observed increased rate of change in stand species composition. The trend and rate of change in stand species composition point out to a possibility of human intervention towards stimulation of natural regeneration so as to preserve valuable populations of threatened tree species in the Białowieża Forest.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2014, 75, 4; 385-406
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rozpad drzewostanów świerkowych w Beskidzie Żywieckim
    Dieback of Norway spruce stands in the Beskid Zywiecki Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979601.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Beskid Zywiecki
    drzewostany swierkowe
    rozpad drzewostanow
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    struktura drzewostanu
    struktura wiekowa
    struktura gatunkowa
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    struktura pozyskania
    zagrozenia lasu
    wiatry
    szkody od wiatru
    forest dieback
    picea abies
    species structure
    age structure
    timber harvest
    threat to forests by wind
    Opis:
    In the Beskid Żywiecki, the combination of abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors unfavourable for the growth of trees led to the dieback of spruce stands. The intensification of this process began after the hurricane in November 2004, followed by years of negative climatic water balance. The deterioration of tree growth conditions occurred after the drought in July 2006 and damage caused by the Kyril hurricane in January 2007. The weakened spruces were attacked by the bark beetles, the outbreak of which caused a massive dieback of spruce stands. In order to assess the volume of harvested timber in years 2004−2016, the volume of allowable cut (model volume) was calculated from the stand growth model for each forest district of Beskid Żywiecki. The comparison of the volume of harvested timber with the model volume allowed to determine the rate of dieback of spruce stands. The volume of harvested timber in 2007−2009 exceeded the model volume even 2.5 times. The cuts included mainly deadwood, wind−broken and wind−fallen trees, while the harvest of live trees was scarce. In the period 2010−2013, the harvested volume of live trees accounted for 50−70% of the model volume, the volume of deadwood in the same period was ca. 100% and additionally the volume of blown−down timber after the hurricane was 20−40% of the model volume, which taken together accounted approximately to 200% of the model volume. The execution of such harvesting operations, including silvicultural tasks, did not allow to carry out optimal forest management. The period 2010−2013 saw a downward trend. It was disrupted by the hurricane in December 2013, after which the volume of harvested timber, consisting mainly of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees, increased to 280% of the model volume. Again, the high volume of harvested timber was noted in 2016, (ca. 220% of the model volume). The process of damage to spruce stands in Beskid Żywiecki is likely to continue. A decline in its intensity may occur in the absence of old stands, which to a large extent already takes place in the forests of the Węgierska Górka Forest District. Currently, the most threatened by wind are forests in Ujsoły, Jeleśnia and Nowy Targ forest districts. The least threatened are forests in the Węgierska Górka. This forest district and in the future the remaining forest districts of Beskid Żywiecki, will face enormous challenges to obtain high yield and appropriate species composition.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 02; 130-140
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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