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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Zróżnicowanie genetyczne czereśni ptasiej (Prunus avium L.) w Polsce
    Genetic diversity of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Szyp-Borowska, I.
    Zawadzka, A.
    Zajaczkowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972788.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    czeresnia ptasia
    Prunus avium
    zroznicowanie genetyczne
    metody badan
    metoda RFLP
    markery mikrosatelitarne
    wild populations
    cpDNA and SSR diversity
    Prunus avium L.
    Opis:
    The purpose of our study was to estimate genetic diversity of Prunus avium in natural populations. Genetic studies were carried out in 27 wild cherry populations sampled from several Polish tree stands. Chloroplast DNA variation was assessed and two haplotypes were identified. Theirs distribution divided populations into two groups. Haplotype H1 was present in 11 of 27 populations and H2 in 16 populations. The PCR− −SSR technique was used to detect nuclear DNA diversity. Three highly polymorphic SSR (microsatellite) primer pairs were used to describe the genetic variation. Heterozygosity values ranged from 0.500 to 0.633, while gene diversity (PIC) from 0.75 to 0.79. This study demonstrated that SSR fingerprinting with cpDNA diversity, can be used for preliminary characterization of Prunus avium populations.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2012, 156, 07; 502-510
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pochodzenie drzewostanów świerkowych (Picea abies L. Karst.) z Puszczy Białowieskiej na tle regionu RDLP Białystok na podstawie analiz mitochondrialnego DNA
    Origin of the Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) stands from Bialowieza Forest at the level of Bialystok Regional Directorate of the State Forests based on mitochondrial DNA analysis
    Autorzy:
    Nowakowska, J.A.
    Łukaszewicz, J.
    Borys, M.
    Tereba, A.
    Konecka, A.
    Zawadzka, A.
    Sułkowska, M.
    Zajączkowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987121.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    drzewostany swierkowe
    drzewa lesne
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    markery genetyczne
    DNA mitochondrialny
    pochodzenie roslin
    zmiennosc genetyczna
    RDLP Bialystok
    genetic diversity
    mitochondrial dna marker
    postglacial migration routes
    białowieża forest
    Opis:
    Considered to be the most natural of all other Polish stands Picea abies in Białowieża Forest has suffered severely of bark beetle damages for decades. In order to find out some historical events in native Norway spruce stands diversity at regional level, we carried out the study on poly− morphism with DNA markers and performed Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) on the basis of genetic distance matrix. Two ranges (i.e. Baltico−Nordic and Hercyno−Carpathian) of Norway spruce cover north−eastern and southern Poland, respectively. The spruceless zone separates the these two ranges in lowland Poland. From genetic point of view, the Baltico−Nordic P. abies populations mainly harbor mitochondrial haplotype ‘c', whereas the spruces from the Hercyno− −Carpathian range – haplotype ‘a'. Until recently, the Białowieża Forest has been considered to belong to the northern range of spruce occurrence in Europe. Seven populations from Biało− wieża Forest were studied (two of them from the Strict Reserve in Białowieski National Park) according to mitochondrial DNA diversity, and compared with genetic diversity found in 24 other populations located in Białystok Regional Directorate of the State Forests (north−eastern Poland). All studied spruce populations were more than 100 years old and were of natural origin. As result, the spruces from the Białowieża Forest harbored three mitochondrial haplotypes of the nad1 gene (‘c', ‘a' and ‘a1'), with the haplotype ‘a' being more frequently present (>51%) than the hap− lotype ‘c'. The spruce stands from Białowieża Forest have the highest gene diversity (h Nei=0.527) comparing to the other stands from the Białystok RDSF. The PCoA proved the particularity of the spruces from Białowieża Forest grouping them into one cluster of genetic similarity. Our data demonstrated that most of Norway spruces populations from Białystok RDSF harbor haplotype ‘c', which confirms their historical relationship with the Baltico−Nordic range of P. abies in Europe, while most spruces from Białowieża Forest have different historic origin, because they share high frequency of the southern haplotype ‘a'. It also turned out that Norway spruce pop− ulations from two different European ranges met in lowland Poland after the last glacial period, as proved by the presence of two mitochondrial haplotypes ‘a' and ‘c'. It can be assumed, that the spruceless zone was created by human activity in the past millennia. The results of all molecular analyses confirmed the unique character of spruces of Białowieża Forest, which is distinguished by the greater richness of the gene pool in comparison to the region of Białystok RDSF as well as good adaptation to local environmental conditions.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 01; 40-51
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Efektywność projektów reintrodukcji głuszca (Tetrao urogallus) w Europie
    Effectiveness of capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) reintroduction projects in Europe
    Autorzy:
    Merta, D.
    Zawadzka, D.
    Krzywiński, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989738.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lowiectwo
    ptaki lowne
    gluszec
    Tetrao urogallus
    hodowla zwierzat
    metoda born to be free
    zagrozenia zwierzat
    drapiezniki
    warunki siedliskowe
    reintrodukcja
    Europa
    ‘born to be free'
    captive rearing
    forest grouse
    habitat quality
    survival
    predation
    translocation
    Opis:
    The study focuses on capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and other Galliformes birds reintroduction projects carried out in Europe since the 1950s. In Germany alone, there have been eleven projects involving the release of a total of ca. 5,000 caprcaillies, mainly obtained from the closed breeding centres. The majority of birds died shortly after release. The high mortality was caused by great pressure from predators and the poor adaptation of the birds bred in captivity to the wild−life conditions. The high mortality among the birds from artificial breeding is associated with changed morphology (e.g. shorter digestive tract, less−developed pectoral muscles), physiology, and behaviour (insufficiently developed social and anti−predatory behavioural mechanisms). Survival rates among the birds released into the wild were primarily affected by the method of breeding and release, quality of habitat, and pressure from predators. The survival rates of translocated birds were higher than those obtained from traditional breeding in aviaries. Better results were also obtained with the 'born to be free' method of breeding and release based on social contact between the mother and chicks. The following actions are obligatory in reintroduction projects: predators reduction, evaluation and improvement in the quality of environment, as well as long−term monitoring of birds. The factors crucial for the effectiveness are: the total number of birds released, the number of released birds in subsequent years, and the overall duration of the project.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 10; 863-871
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    "Fokusowe" gatunki w ochronie przyrody w lasach
    "Focal" species in nature protection in forests
    Autorzy:
    Zawadzka, D.
    Drozdowski, S.
    Zawadzki, G.
    Madej, W.
    Pierchala, P.
    Soltys, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/881676.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Leśny Zakład Doświadczalny. Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej w Rogowie
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    ochrona przyrody
    lasy
    gatunki chronione
    bielik
    bobr europejski
    gluszec
    wilk
    zubr
    cis
    dab
    dab Bartek
    znaczenie kulturowe
    znaczenie ekologiczne
    znaczenie spoleczne
    Źródło:
    Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej; 2017, 19, 1[50]
    1509-1414
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Występowanie, kondycja i zagrożenia zimoziołu północnego w Puszczy Augustowskiej
    The twinflower in the Augustow Forest: occurrence, condition and threats
    Autorzy:
    Zawadzka, D.
    Zawadzki, G.
    Bednarek, J.
    Bednarek, J.B.
    Piechowska, D.
    Mikitiuk, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1293182.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    Puszcza Augustowska
    inwentaryzacja przyrodnicza
    rosliny chronione
    rosliny ginace
    zimoziol polnocny
    Linnaea borealis
    wystepowanie
    stanowiska
    kondycja
    zagrozenia roslin
    Opis:
    The twinflower Linnaea borealis L. is a rare, boreal plant species that grows in coniferous forests and is partly protected in Poland. We studied its distribution and the condition of twinflower patches in the Augustów Forest (NE Poland) describing 22 twinflower patches in total. The following features were assessed: (1) patch area, (2) distance between individual twinflowers, (3) patch density, (4) intensity of flowering, (5) fruiting, (6) main accompanying plant species, (7) plant community structure, (8) species composition and age of the forest stands, (9) canopy cover of the forest stands, (10) existing and potential threats. In the northern part of the forest where suitable pine sites dominated, twinflowers were distributed irregularly and unevenly. Twinflowers in the Augustów Forest occur in relatively big areas with individual patches covering from 100 m2 to 3000 m2, but most commonly 500–1000 m2. The mean distance to the nearest neighbouring twinflower was 1600 m (range from 250 m to 6035 m). This pattern of distribution and separating distance does allow for sexual reproduction within the studied forest stand and blooming was confirmed in 21 out of 22 patches. In four locations, intensive blooming with >50 flowers shoot/m2 was observed. We did not observe a dependency of the flowering intensity on patch size. Despite the intensive and frequent flowering, as well as the presence of fruits, which were found in 15 patches, the twinflower reproduces mainly vegetatively. Twinflowers grew in 34–166 years-old pine-spruce stands with moderate canopy cover, but there was no relationship between the age of forest stands and the size of a flower patch. Plant species, which commonly occurred with twinflowers were: Vaccinium myrtillus, Calamagrostis arundinacea, Goodyera repens, Rubus saxatilis, Fragaria vesca, Pleurosium schreberi. Twinflower communities are threatened by invasive species in the forest understory in two locations only, while in the other locations no active protection is needed and the plants should rather be protected and monitored through multifunctional forest management. We emphasise the importance of the Augustów Forest for the twinflower in Poland, because about 10% of the Polish population grows in this forest complex.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2017, 78, 1
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Liczebność i rozmieszczenie głuszca w Polsce w XXI wieku
    Population size and distribution of the capercaillie in Poland in the 21st century
    Autorzy:
    Zawadzka, D.
    Żurek, Z.
    Armatys, P.
    Stachyra, P.
    Szewczyk, P.
    Korga, M.
    Merta, D.
    Kobielski, J.
    Kmieć, M.
    Pregler, B.
    Krzan, P.
    Rzońca, Z.
    Zawadzki, G.
    Zawadzki, J.
    Sołtys, B.
    Bielański, J.
    Czaja, J.
    Flis-Martyniuk, E.
    Wediuk, A.
    Rutkowski, R.
    Krzywiński, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980118.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lowiectwo
    ptaki lowne
    gatunki chronione
    gluszec
    Tetrao urogallus
    wystepowanie
    liczebnosc populacji
    rozmieszczenie przestrzenne
    Polska
    wiek XXI
    tetrao urogallus
    species distribution
    species abundance
    refuges
    poland
    Opis:
    The data on the distribution and number of the capercaillie Tetrao urogallus in Poland for the period from the end of the 20th century up to 2017−2018 is presented. The capercaillie is a sedentary forest grouse living in old mountain forests and within the boreal zone. Since more than a century, the decrease in the numbers of the species has been observed, interlinked with the extinction of isolated populations. Within the present borders of Poland, a 1925 questionnaire study noted 2200−2700 individuals. In the 1960s, the national population was estimated at 1700−2000 birds, living in five isolated populations. In 1985−1995, the population numbers of the capercaillie dropped to approx. 466−700 individuals in four regions, and in 2000 it was estimated at 470−570 birds. According to the results of the censuses performed in 2017−2018, the size of the capercaillie population risen to 523−631 individuals and 59−69 lekking grounds. Currently the capercaillie occurs in four isolated regions. These are the Western Carpathians (the Beskid Sądecki, Tatry, Gorce, Babia Góra, Beskid Żywiecki, and the Beskid Śląski ranges) where 284−326 individuals live and 35−41 leks are active. In the Solska and the Lasy Janowskie Forests (Lublin region), the population was estimated at 132−184 individuals and 12−13 lekking grounds. In the Augu− stów Forest (Podlasie region) 36−46 individuals and 5−7 leks were found. In the Bory Dolnośląskie Forest, where native capercaillies got extinct during the last decade, the reintroduction program resulted in the rebuilding of their 65−75 population (with 6−7 leks). The restitution of the species in the Piska Forest has begun. During the last 20 years, populations in the Carpathian national parks have been stable, although fluctuating in numbers. The increase in the number of individuals in the Augustów Forest as well as in the Sądecki and Beskid Śląski Mountains is an after−effect of the release of birds from breeding centers or translocations. In other strongholds, fluctuations or decreases have been recorded, including wisible in the Beskid Żywiecki Mountains.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 09; 773-783
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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