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Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
Tytuł:
Ocena ekonomicznej efektywności gospodarki leśnej prowadzonej przez Leśny Zakład Doświadczalny w Krynicy
Evaluation of the economic viability of forest management by the Forest Experimental Station in Krynica
Autorzy:
Kożuch, A.
Ryś, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294913.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
LZD Krynica
gospodarka lesna
efektywnosc ekonomiczna
zarzadzanie finansami
analiza wskaznikowa
przychody
koszty
wyniki finansowe
profitability
financial management
ratio analysis
Forest Experimental Station in Krynica
Opis:
The Forest Experimental Station (FES) in Krynica is a unit specialized in teaching activities. However, it also fulfils other educational, ecological and social functions. Additionally, as the FES in Krynica operates on the free market and needs to be competitive, primarily with respect to the raw timber prizes, it is also a forest management unit that can be subjected to economic evaluation. The aim of this study was to analyze the income, costs and overall financial outcome of the FES in Krynica for the years of 2008–2012. A financial analysis, using indicators of financial liquidity, profitability, economic activity and liabilities, was also carried out to evaluate the economic effectiveness and efficiency of the forest management unit’s operation. The data was obtained from financial documents, particularly balance sheets, as well as profit and loss accounts. In the years of 2008–2012, mean income and costs of the FES in Krynica amounted to 7 121.1 thous. PLN/year and 6 478.2 thous. PLN/year, respectively. The net financial outcome was positive and amounted to a mean of 628.8 thous. PLN/year. The proportionof the sale income compared to the total income from all activities carried out by the unit increased from 93% to 96%. This included income from the sale of products, goods and materials, which increased by 57% mainly due to an increase in the income from timber sales (ca. 83%). Costs incurred by the unit increased as well, being 40% higher in 2012 than in 2008, while the cost level indicator decreased by ca. 8%. In the examined time period, the economic effectiveness and efficiency of the unit’s operation improved, as evidenced by the increasing profits and the values of the profitability indicators. Results obtained in the comprehensive analysis of the financial situation in the FES in Krynica provide a basis for the evaluation of economic processes and for appropriate decision making concerning wealth management and the direction of future development. In the evaluation of the economic and financial activity of the FES in Krynica, the increase inprofitability in the analysed time period, as concluded from the indicator of turnover profitability, was particularly noteworthy. The financial indicator values greatly exceed reference values only on the level of financial liquidity. The liability indicators served as evidence of obvious financial independence of the FES in Krynica.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2016, 77, 3
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ kosztów realizacji pozaprodukcyjnych funkcji lasu na sytuację ekonomiczną nadleśnictw Regionalnej Dyrekcji Lasów Państwowych w Krakowie
Effect of costs incurred on the development of non-productive forest functions on the economic situation in forest districts in the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Krakow
Autorzy:
Kożuch, A.
Adamowicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989442.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lasy
funkcje lasu
funkcje pozaprodukcyjne
funkcje spoleczne
edukacja przyrodniczo-lesna
zagospodarowanie rekreacyjne
ochrona przyrody
koszty realizacji
struktura kosztow
analiza kosztow
RDLP Krakow
sytuacja ekonomiczna
additional costs
opportunity costs
financial result
forest function
Opis:
The State Forests provide financial support, mainly from funds obtained in the sale of raw timber, for activities undertaken to increase the potential of the social and ecological forest functions. The study aimed to categorize and analyse costs incurred by forest districts in the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Kraków (RDSF Kraków) in the years of 2005−2009 on the development of selected non−productive forest functions, particularly nature− and forest−related education, recreation forest management and nature protection. The effect of costs falling within the above mentioned categories on the financial situation of the forest districts was also assessed. Empirical data were obtained from financial statements, reports of the Information System of the State Forests, as well as interviews and a questionnaire survey answered by the Forest Service. Direct additional costs were acquired from the accounting records. Indirect and alternative costs were deduced i.a. from results of the questionnaire survey and calculations of the raw timber volume left in forests. In the studied period, the incurred costs and potentially lost profits associated with the development of non−productive forest functions systematically increased in forest districts and attained over 18.8 mln PLN. In the costs structure, the lowest share was observed for direct additional costs (tab. 1). Indirect costs, which were recorded, however not assigned to specific account items, covered 31%. The greatest share of expenses was noted for alternative costs. In the considered period, most forest districts of RDSF Kraków showed a negative financial result (tab. 2). The adverse financial situation in the forest districts was worsened by additional and alternative costs of development of non−productive forest functions. Important financial consequences for forest economy resulted mainly from implementation of nature protection tasks (additional and alternative costs of nature protection accounted for 79% of expenses incurred on fulfilling non−productive forest functions). Additional costs of the development of non−productive forest functions covered 1.6% of total expenses. Value of unharvested timber amounted to 1.9% of income from sale of raw timber. There is a need to emphasize activities undertaken by the State Forests within the development of non−productive forest functions as well as to adjust the cost accounting system in order to facilitate calculations of indirect costs and potentially lost profits.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 12; 1010-1019
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena zaangażowania jednostek organizacyjnych Regionalnej Dyrekcji Lasów Państwowych w Krakowie w kształtowanie rekreacyjnej i turystycznej funkcji lasu
Evaluation of the commitment of the Krakow Regional Directorate of State Forests and its organizational units to the development of recreational and tourist forest functions
Autorzy:
Kożuch, A.
Piszczek, M.
Kuc, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1311298.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lasy
funkcje lasu
funkcje rekreacyjne
funkcje turystyczne
zagospodarowanie terenu
zagospodarowanie rekreacyjne
zagospodarowanie turystyczne
naklady finansowe
koszty
nadlesnictwa
RDLP Krakow
Opis:
Forest management affects the scope of various functions provided by forests. Considering the increasing expectations of the society about utilizing non-productive forest, it is important to investigate the commitment of the State Forest units to the development of forest functions. The study’s aim was to evaluate the activity of particular organizational units, namely forest districts of the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Kraków (RDSF Kraków), in adapting forests to serve tourism and recreation. Our analysis covered data from the years of 2005–2009, which was obtained from forest management plans, financial statements and department reports of the RDSF Kraków as well as a questionnaire survey. Both direct and indirect additional costs incurred in order to adapt forests for their recreational function, were included in the analysis. We also attempted to estimate the potentially lost profits. The zero unitarization method was used to identify units showing the greatest and lowest commitment. In the area of the RDSF Kraków, a total of 1 765 500 PLN was spent on tourism management and activities supporting recreation. Average direct costs amounted to 1.24 PLN/ha/year, while the workforce expenditure for maintenance of tourist infrastructure and historical buildings was estimated to be 60 700 PLN. Expenses incurred for cleaning up litter in forests attained 629 800 PLN in the considered time period. Profits potentially lost due to the lack of management in the protected zone “A” surrounding health resorts, reduced by the costs of timber harvesting and extraction, were estimated to total 58 200 PLN. Our study indicates that during the analyzed period, forest districts differed in their commitment to the development of recreational and tourist forest functions. The synthetic measure of commitment varied between 0.114 and 0.694 in the State Forest units. The greatest additional costs were incurred by forest districts with towns and areas of high natural and landscape value. The Directorate of State Forests took the financial responsibility for adjusting forest complexes to tourist and recreational needs, but should nevertheless seek external financial and specialist support. The issue of internalization of the positive outward effects of forest management also needs to be discussed.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2015, 76, 2; 144-152
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie dekompozycji szeregów czasowych do analizy wahań podaży i cen drewna na przykładzie Nadleśnictwa Marcule
Time series decomposition of timber production volume and prices using the example of the Marcule Forest District
Autorzy:
Banas, J.
Kożuch, A.
Zaborski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979561.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
Nadlesnictwo Marcule
rynek drzewny
drewno
podaz
ceny
zmiennosc sezonowa
szeregi czasowe
timber market
seasonal fluctuations
cyclic fluctuations
variation in timber prices
Opis:
The objective of the study was to identify and analyze long−term trends as well as cyclic, seasonal, and irregular effects in timber volume and prices by means of time series decomposition. The adopted multiplicative model was the product of all the time series components identified using the Census X11 method. The study material consisted of quarterly data on the volume and prices of timber sold by the Marcule Forest District (central Poland) in the years 2006−2018. Analysis was performed for the overall timber production volume, as well as separately for pine timber (constituting 86% of the total) and oak timber (5%), taking into account large−diameter saw timber (WC0) and medium−diameter industrial and general purpose timber (pulpwood, S2A). Over the analyzed period, the nominal prices of timber rose on average by 39% from 165 to 229 PLN/m3. The greatest price increase was recorded for large−diameter oak timber (by 100%), while the prices of WC0 pine timber, which accounted for the greatest proportion of the production volume, increased by 23% on average. Production characterized marked seasonality throughout the year, depending on the species. Pine timber sales were the lowest in 1st quarter and the highest in 3rd one, while oak timber sales were the lowest in 3rd quarter and the highest in 4th one. The seasonal effect accounted for the largest proportion of variation in timber production volume. The seasonality of timber prices was negatively correlated with production. The highest prices for pine and oak timber were obtained in 1st and 2nd quarters respectively, when the production volume of those timber species was the lowest. Conversely, the lowest prices were recorded in seasons characterized by the greatest production volume, i.e., in 3rd quarter for pine and in 4th quarter for oak. The decomposition of overall variation in timber prices into its components, which can be predicted (cyclic and seasonal fluctuations as well as long−term trend), and those that are difficult to forecast (irregular effect) is of great significance for timber sales management as the results can be used to improve timber price forecasting.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 10; 820-829
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Koncepcja wykorzystania analizy ex post do sporządzania aneksu ekonomicznego planu urządzenia lasu
Application of an ex post analysis for the preparation of the economic annex to the forest management plan
Autorzy:
Adamowicz, K.
Kożuch, A.
Jaszczak, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
urzadzanie lasu
ekonomika lesnictwa
plan urzadzania lasu
analiza ex post
aneksy
aneks ekonomiczny
forest management plan
economic aspects of forestry
economical annex
ex post analysis
Opis:
The aim of the work is to present (i) the economic issues included in the forest management plans and (ii) the methodical bases of an ex post economic expertise, which may be carried out in order to evaluate the previous economic period, and should be a part of the economic annex to the forest management plan. Such expertise allows to formulate postulates and objectives to achieve in the near future, which are important for the forestry economics. The transformation in Poland occurred when the third revision of the forest management plans and instruction of the 1980 and 1994 were applied and caused significant changes in the Polish forestry. As a result, the concept of sustainable development of forestry appeared and the indicators and criteria for sustainable forest development were elaborated. However, they concerned mainly natural and social aspects, while the economic aspect was marginalized. Gradually, foresters began to appreciate the role of the economic analysis. The first versions of such expertise was already elaborated for the individual forest districts. The experience gained will certainly contribute to their dissemination and appreciation of included analysis and forecasts. The economic annexes should include information on value of the forest with an indication of the value of land and the stands themselves. The knowledge on the value of the forest, except for registration, is also required in determining changes as a result of business (in the income statement). The valuation of timber resources is also necessary in the evaluation of the effectiveness of economic projects in forestry affecting the changes in their value. In practice, the valuation of the forest is also essential in case of a change in the ownership or land use status. This usually applies to the sale, purchase, conversion or liquidation of the co−ownership, and also compensation for expropriation because of the road or residential construction. Furthermore, determination of the forest value is necessary in assessing the share of agriculture in national income. This applies particularly to the integrated economic and environmental national accounts in forestry, conducted in some European Union countries. The presented methodology of economic expertise points out the possibility of application the formula that introduces standardization of analysis of economy in the last economic period. It is also the contribution to the discussion on the elaboration of a single, synthetic parameter, which may influence on objectivity of economic conditions of the functioning of the forest holding.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 11; 883-892
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie źródeł zewnętrznych w finansowaniu edukacji przyrodniczo-leśnej w regionalnych dyrekcjach Lasów Państwowych
Use of external sources in financing the nature and forest education in regional directorates of the State Forests
Autorzy:
Ankudo-Jankowska, A.
Starosta-Grala, B.
Sadowska, B.
Kożuch, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979620.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
regionalne dyrekcje Lasow Panstwowych
edukacja przyrodniczo-lesna
finansowanie
zrodla finansowania
finansowanie zewnetrzne
Wojewodzki Fundusz Ochrony Srodowiska i Gospodarki Wodnej
Narodowy Fundusz Ochrony Srodowiska i Gospodarki Wodnej
budzet panstwowy
wykorzystanie
social functions of forests
forest and nature education
external sources of financing the nature and for−
est education
expenditures for forest and nature education
Opis:
The study objectives were to identify external sources of financing the nature and forest education and to analyze the level of their use in regional directorates of the State Forests (RDSF) in the years 2006−2016. In addition, we studied the relationship between the amount of external and internal financing. As a data source, we used reports on educational activities of the State Forests for the investigated period. The work determines the relationship between individual categories of external funds and the amount of total funding and the amount of external financing for forest and nature education in individual RDSFs. In order to examine the relationship between the amount of external and internal financing, correlation analysis of changes was carried out. The conducted research confirmed the diversity in the use of the individual external sources in the financing of forest and nature education in the State Forests. The RDSFs use mainly money from the voivodeship funds for environmental protection and water management. They also conduct extensive cooperation with various entities, which participate in expenditures, hence a significant share of these funds in the financing of forest and nature education. We found a weak correlation between the amount of funding raised from voivodeship funds for environmental protection and water management and own sources of education financing (r=0.2162) and between other external sources and own sources of funding (r=0.2717). On the other hand, a high correlation occurred between funds from voivodeship funds for environmental protection and water management and other external sources of financing and external financing (r=0.6544 and 0.617, respectively). RDSFs should intensify their activities aimed at changing the structure of financing sources, in favor of increasing the share of external funds. The priority in this respect should be to clarify the rules of financing forest and nature education from the state budget and of using the funding opportunities from this source.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 02; 158-167
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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