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    Tytuł:
    Wykorzystanie bezzałogowych statków powietrznych w gospodarce leśnej
    Use of unmanned aircraft in forest economy
    Autorzy:
    Kmiecik, S.
    Majewski, S.
    Nowak, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791652.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Środowiskiem w Tucholi
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    gospodarka lesna
    zdjecia lotnicze
    bezzalogowe statki powietrzne
    forestry
    forest
    forest economy
    aerial photo
    unmanned aerial vehicle
    use
    Opis:
    Bezzałogowe Statki Powietrzne - z początku traktowane jako „zabawka”, z biegiem czasu i postępu technologicznego stały się pełnoprawnym narzędziem wykorzystywanym w gospodarce, w tym w leśnictwie i ochronie środowiska. Możliwości techniczne BSP pozwalają im, poza lotami kierowanymi przez operatora, na wykonywanie lotów autonomicznych (po zaplanowanej trasie) z ładunkiem dochodzącym do kilku a nawet kilkunastu kilogramów. Wyposażone w różnego rodzaju urządzenia rejestrujące mogą być wykorzystywane w ochronie przeciwpożarowej, ochronie przyrody, ochronie i hodowli lasu, gospodarce łowieckiej, urządzaniu lasu. Dodatkowym atutem używania BSP w wielu dziedzinach gospodarki jest niski koszt użytkowania w stosunku do lotnictwa załogowego oraz duża mobilność urządzeń. Dzięki podglądowi obrazu na żywo BSP umożliwiają obserwacje sytuacji niebezpiecznych takich jak pożary lasów, oszukiwanie zaginionych osób czy rozmaite akcje ratunkowe. Ograniczeniem w stosowaniu BSP są zapisy prawa lotniczego, zezwalające na komercyjne wykorzystanie BSP przez osoby posiadające świadectwo kwalifikacyjne operatora BSP w lotach wykonywanych w zasięgu wzroku.
    Unmanned Aircraft that initially was treated as a “toy” in time and with technological progress have become a rightful tool used in economy including forestry and environment protection. Technical potential of unmanned aircraft allow them, but for operator-controlled flights, to perform autonomic flights (a planned route) with a cargo of a few or even a few dozens of kilograms. The aircraft being equipped with various recording devices can be used for purposes of fire protection, environment protection, protection and cultivation of forests, wildlife management, and forest arrangement. The use of unmanned aircraft in economy offers yet another advantage, namely a low cost of use compared to manned aviation as well as large mobility of devices. Thanks to live preview image unmanned aircrafts allow to observe dangerous situations such as forest fires, looking for missing people or other various rescue operations. The use of unmanned aircraft is limited by regulations of aviation law that allows only the commercial use of the aircraft by persons having a qualifying certificate of an unmanned aircraft operator in flights performed in view.
    Źródło:
    Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach; 2015, 09
    2081-1438
    2391-4106
    Pojawia się w:
    Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Definicja lasu w ujęciu krajowym i międzynarodowym oraz jej znaczenie dla wielkości i zmian powierzchni lasów w Polsce
    National and international definition of forest and its importance for the forest area in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Jabłoński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989804.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    tereny lesne
    powierzchnia lasow
    definicje
    Polska
    Organizacja Narodow Zjednoczonych
    Protokol z Kioto
    forest definition
    forest cover
    land use
    forest expansion
    afforestation
    kyoto protocol
    Opis:
    Sustainable forest management, the leading topic in forest and environmental policy since the 1990s, has required an appropriate tools for both clarification of general principles and measurement of its progress. Many of indicators developed for these purpose are based on forest area. However, definitions of forest are not compatible, especially on national and worldwide scale. Definition of forest applied by FAO refers to crown cover and land use, while definition adopted for reporting under Kyoto Protocol refers only to the occurrence of trees. Polish Act on Forest applies the destination of land use as a determinant of forest. Paper analyses the process of forest area assessment in Poland for the purpose of national as well as FAO and UNFCCC reporting. Natural expansion of trees on abandoned agriculture land, still classified as the agriculture areas in cadastral system, was recognized as the biggest challenge of forest area assessment in Poland. Although natural succession is described by many authors, the total area subjected to this process is unknown. According to the FAO and Kyoto Protocol rules such areas should be reported as forests. As a consequence, forest area in Poland could be at least a few hundred thousand hectares higher than reported in the last assessments basing only on cadastral system. The proper classification of forests not recorded in the cadastral system would also be important challenge, otherwise between forest area on country and international level will be a huge discrepancy. But, there are some areas classified as a forest in Poland, which probably should not be included within FAO and Kyoto reporting. However, the most important topic concerns the possibility of identification of afforested areas, submitted under article 3.3. of Kyoto Protocol, basing on forest area changes between 1989 and 2012. One should recognise if afforested area is not overestimated using such approach, as a result of modification of forest definition in Poland in 1991. Additional question concerns the forest lands included into cadastral system after 1990, but afforested or resulting from natural succession occurring before that time, which currently are reported as afforestation under article 3.3. of Kyoto Protocol.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 06; 469-482
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Las i gospodarka leśna w systemie planowania i zagospodarowania przestrzennego w Polsce
    Forest and forest economy in spatial land-use planning and management in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Przybylska, K.
    Zięba, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009657.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gospodarka lesna
    Polska
    lasy
    planowanie przestrzenne
    lesnictwo
    gospodarka przestrzenna
    spatial land−use planning
    sustainable development
    forest valuation
    functional forest area
    Opis:
    The aim of the paper is to indicate the possibilities of synchronizing forest resource management planning with spatial land−use planning at different levels: national, provincial, county and local. In the paper references are made to hierarchical spatial land−use planning to be enriched with a systematic forest planning.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2009, 153, 12; 814-824
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena potencjału rekreacyjnego lasów w terenie o zróżnicowanej orografii na przykładzie Czarnorzecko-Strzyżowskiego Parku Krajobrazowego
    Assessment of recreational potential of forests in areas with diverse orography: Czarnorzecko-Strzyzowski Landscape Park case study
    Autorzy:
    Dudek, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991689.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    parki krajobrazowe
    Czarnorzecko-Strzyzowski Park Krajobrazowy
    lasy
    uzytkowanie rekreacyjne
    potencjal rekreacyjny
    forest recreation
    tourism
    recreational use of forests
    Opis:
    This article presents results of the pilot research conducted in the Carpathian Foothills. The research concerned the forest recreation in upland and mountain forests. For the purpose of the implemented research, method of recreational valuation of forests, developed at the Forest Research Institute was modified adopting it to areas of diverse relief.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 10; 775-779
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena fragmentacji lasów Pomorza Zachodniego pomiędzy XV a XX wiekiem
    Evaluation of the forest cover fragmentation in Western Pomerania between the 15th and 20th century
    Autorzy:
    Pieńkowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989791.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    fragmentacja lasu
    spadek lesistosci
    Pomorze Zachodnie
    wiek XV-XX
    forest fragmentation
    land use changes
    landscape metrics
    Opis:
    The paper analyzes the changes of forest fragmentation in the Western Pomerania region (NW Poland). The analysis was carried out basing on maps from 16th and 18th century as well as 1930s, when the forest cover in the studied area was the lowest. The historical area of forests was assessed on the basis on Hartnack utilization maps. The analysis of numerical maps was carried out in the GUIDOS program, which enables to evaluate the fragmentation of the forests through Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) that describes the geometry of patches and their interconnectivity. The program calculated the forest areas classified for the seven categories according to their functions in the landscape (MSPA classes). In the 15th century the forests coverage was around 52.5%. There was a significant loss of forest area between the 16th and 18th century, and in the 18th century they occupied 24.7% of the researched area. Because of the economic changes in the country that took place after the World War II, the forest area in Pomerania increased to 33.7%. It was found that changes in the forest area in the examined period resulted in a decrease in the area classified as forest interior (CORE) and an increase in the boundary area (EDGE). Taking into account the equidistant of 1 km², the area occupied by the core patches dropped in the analysed period from 59.9% to 35.6%. At the same time the spatial isolation of many patches increased, which was reflected in an increase in the area classified as ‘islands' (ISLET). Their share in relation to the entire forest area increased from 4.4% to 23.6%. This could be particularly seen in the area of Pyrzycko−Stargardzka Plain and Choszczno Lakeland, where in the 1930s the so−called forest islands constituted the entire forest area of these mesoregions. The MSPA analysis enabled to specify forest patches classes, which can be useful for landscape characterization, including the patch and corridor model. The fragmentation of forests can be objectively assessed using GUIDOS and it can make the output results obtained in GIS programs complete.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 07; 610-616
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wielkoobszarowa inwentaryzacja stanu lasu źródłem informacji o powierzchni lasów w Polsce
    Forest area in Poland based on national forest inventory
    Autorzy:
    Jabłoński, M.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Budniak, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985910.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Polska
    lasy
    lesistosc
    powierzchnia lasow
    zrodla informacji
    inwentaryzacja lasu
    inwentaryzacja wielkopowierzchniowa
    forest definition
    land use
    land cover
    nfi
    cluster sampling
    Opis:
    Forest area in Poland is annually evaluated as a part of public statistics research. However, this information is based on land use resulting from Land and Property Register (LPR). Delays in the reclassification of afforested land, as well as the natural expansion of trees on abandoned agricultural lands, observed over the last decades, caused that information from LPR becomes unreliable. In many countries forest area is assessed within the National Forest Inventories (NFIs) based upon systematic grid of sample plots. NFI in Poland has been performed since 2005, in 4×4 kilometre grid with clusters consisting of five plots. Until 2014 measurements were made only on these sample plots which were located in forest according to LPR records. Within the 3rd NFI cycle (2015−2019) the areas fulfilling the criteria of forest definition, but located on non−forest land referring to LPR, has become the object of study. The aim of this work is to present statistical approach for evaluation of forest area using NFI cluster sampling data. Additionally, results from two year measurements (2015−2016) were analysed and compared with LPR data. Attributes of NFI plots allow to apply national forest criteria as well as the land use and land cover thresholds recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations or Kyoto Protocol. Our research shows that forest cover in Poland is in the range of 32.8−33.0%, depending on forest definition used, and is almost 3% higher than official LPR data (30.1%). The standard error of forest cover, based on two years NFI data is 0.44. Thus, with 95% probability the true value of this parameter lies between 31.9 and 33.7%, while country thresholds of forest definition are used. Additionally it was assessed that using the entire NFI cycle data the standard error of forest cover should be lower i.e. less than 0.3. The National Forest Inventory seems to be an appropriate tool for monitoring forest area in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 05; 365-372
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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