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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    Mechanical and Microstructural Response of Near Beta Ti Alloys to Hot Tensile Testing
    Autorzy:
    Abbasi, S. M.
    Momeni, A.
    Daraee, M.
    Akhondzadeh, A.
    Mirsaeed, S. G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351391.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    thermomechanical processing
    hot deformation
    dynamic softening
    yield-point phenomena
    hot ductility
    Opis:
    Hot tensile tests were carried out on Timetal-125 and Timetal-LCB near beta Ti alloys at temperatures in range of 600-1000°C and constant strain rate of 0.1 s-1. At temperatures below 700-800°C, the homogenuous and total strains for Timetal-LCB were greater than those for Timetal-125. In contrast, at temperatures over 800°C, Timetal-125 showed better hot ductility. The yield point phenomena was observed in Timetal-LCB at all temperatures. Unlikely, for Timetal-125, it was observed only at temperatures over 800°C. The weaker yield point phenomena in Timetal-125 could be attributed to the negative effect of Al on the diffusion of V. At all temperatures Timetal-LCB exhibited higher strength than Timetal-125. It was found that there should be a direct relationship between the extent of yield point phenomena and strength and dynamic softening through hot tensile testing. It was observed that at temperatures beyond 800°C (beta phase field in both alloys) dynamic recrystallization can progress more in Timetal-125 than in Timetal-LCB. These results were in good agreement with the better hot ductility of Timetal-125 at high temperatures. At low temperatures, i.e. below 700-800°C, partial dynamic recrystallization occurs in beta and dynamic globularization in alpha phase. These processes progress more in Timetal-LCB than in Timetal-125.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2A; 815-823
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructure of Hot-Deformed Cu-3Ti Alloy
    Autorzy:
    Szkliniarz, A.
    Szkliniarz, W.
    Blacha, L.
    Siwiec, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352283.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    copper-titanium alloy
    hot deformation
    microstructure
    recrystallization
    Opis:
    In the paper, results of investigations regarding temperature and strain rate effects on hot-deformed Cu-3Ti alloy microstructure are presented. Evaluation of the alloy microstructure was performed with the use of a Gleeble HDS-V40 thermal-mechanical simulator on samples subjected to uniaxial hot compression within 700 to 900ºC and at the strain rate of 0.1, 1.0 or 10.0 s-1 until 70% (1.2) strain. It was found that within the analyzed temperature and strain rate ranges, the alloy deformation led to partial or complete recrystallization of its structure and to multiple refinement of the initial grains. The recrystallization level and the average diameter of recrystallized grains increase with growing temperature and strain rate. It was shown that entirely recrystallized, fine-grained alloy structure could be obtained following deformation at the strain rate of min 10.0 s-1 and the temperature of 800°C or higher.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 1; 347-352
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Study of flow softening mechanisms of a nickel-based superalloy with o phase
    Autorzy:
    Lin, Y. C.
    He, D.-G
    Chen, M. S.
    Chen, X.-M.
    Zhao, C.-Y.
    Ma, X.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958203.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    alloys
    hot deformation
    flow softening behavior
    microstructural evolution
    Opis:
    The flow softening behaviors of a nickel-based superalloy with o phase are investigated by hot compression tests over wide ranges of deformation temperature and strain rate. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are employed to study the flow softening mechanisms of the studied superalloy. It is found that the flow softening behaviors of the studied superalloy are sensitive to deformation temperature and strain rate. At high strain rate and low deformation temperature, the obvious flow softening behaviors occur. With the increase of deformation temperature or decrease of strain rate, the flow softening degree becomes weaken. At high strain rate (1s-1), the flow softening is mostly induced by the plastic deformation heating and flow localization. However, at low strain rate domains (0.001-0.01s-1), the effects of deformation heating on flow softening are slight. Moreover, the flow softening at low strain rates is mainly induced by the discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and the dissolution of 6 phase (Ni3Nb).
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1537-1546
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The characteristic of deformability and quantitative description of the microstructure of hot-deformed Ni-Fe superalloy
    Autorzy:
    Ducki, K. J.
    Rodak, K.
    Mendala, J.
    Wojtynek, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351819.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Incolloy 718
    hot deformation
    recrystallization
    quantitative metallography
    Zener-Hollomon parameter
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of research concerning the influence of hot plastic working parameters on the deformability and microstructure of a Ni-Fe superalloy. The research was performed on a torsion plastometer in the range of temperatures of 900-1150°C, at a strain rates 0.1 and 1.0 s-1. Plastic properties of the alloy were characterized by the worked out flow curves and the temperature relationships of flow stress and strain limit. The structural inspections were performed on microsections taken from plastometric samples after so-called “freezing”. The stereological parameters as the recrystallized grain size, inhomogenity and grain shape have been determined. Functional relations between the Zener-Hollomon parameter and the maximum yield stress and the average grain area have been developed and the activation energy for hot working has been estimated.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 297-302
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Hot deformation behavior of Mg-Zn-Al alloy tube processed by severe plastic deformation
    Autorzy:
    Fata, A.
    Faraji, G.
    Mashhadi, M. M.
    Tavakkoli, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352771.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    PTCAP
    AZ31 tube
    grain refinement
    hot deformation
    High ductility
    Opis:
    In the current study, severe plastic deformation (SPD) was applied on a commercial Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy tubes via parallel tubular channel angular pressing (PTCAP) route. Different passes of PTCAP process were applied, and microstructure, hardness and tensile properties at the room, and elevated temperatures were evaluated. The results showed that bimodal microstructure appeared and led to AZ31 alloy represented higher hardness, higher strength with a reasonable elongation at room temperature. Similarly, very high elongation to failure was achieved at a higher temperature. The increase in the number of SPD passes up to two, leads to increasing the ductility up to 263% at 400°C. Then, an increase in the number of PTCAP passes to three, leads to decrease in the ductility as the results of formation of microvoids when SPD processing at higher equivalent strains without a sufficient hydrostatic compressive stress. Relatively ductile fracture mode was also occurred in all samples.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 159-166
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Study on Dynamic Recrystallization Models of 21-4N Heat Resistant Steel
    Autorzy:
    Li, Yiming
    Huang, Xiaomin
    Ji, Hongchao
    Li, Yaogang
    Wang, Baoyu
    Tang, Xuefeng
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049422.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    21-4N
    hot deformation
    dynamic recrystallization
    critical strain
    volume fraction
    Opis:
    The high-temperature deformation process and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) process of 21-4N were investigated under the conditions of the deformation temperature range of 1273~1453K, the strain rate range of 0.01~10s-1 and the deformation degree of 60% (the total deformation is 0.916) by using Gleeble-1500D thermal simulated test machine. The curves of stress-strain (σ – ε) were obtained, and the curves of work hardening rate (θ) and strain (ε) were obtained by taking derivative of σ – ε. The DRX critical strains under different conditions were determined by the curves of work hardening rate (θ – ε), and the DRX critical strain model was established. The peak strains of 21-4N were obtained by the curves of σ – ε, the relationship between peak stress (σp) and critical strain (εc) was determined, and the peak strain model was established. The DRX volume fraction models of 21-4N were established by using Avrami equation. The DRX grain size of 21-4N was calculated by Image Pro Plus 6.0, and its DRX grain size models were established.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 1; 145-152
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Powder Size on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Nd-Fe-B Magnet Alloy
    Autorzy:
    Cho, Ju-Young
    Abbas, Sardar Farhat
    Choa, Yong-Ho
    Kim, Taek-Soo
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353634.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Nd-Fe-B
    gas atomization
    powder size
    crystal orientation
    hot deformation
    Opis:
    Rare earth Nd-Fe-B, a widely used magnet composition, was synthesized in a shape of powders using gas atomization, a rapid solidification based process. The microstructure and properties were investigated in accordance with solidification rate and densification. Detailed microstructural characterization was performed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the structural properties were measured by using X-ray diffraction. Iron in the form of α-Fe phase was observed in powder of about 30 μm. It was expected that fraction of Nd2 Fe14 B phase increased rapidly with decrease in powder size, on the other hand that of α-Fe phase was decreased. Nd-rich phase diffused from grain boundary to particle boundary after hot deformation due to capillary action. The coercivity of the alloy decreased with increase in powder size. After hot deformation, Nd2 Fe14 B phase tend to align to c-axis.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 2; 623-626
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Hot Deformation Of 6xxx Series Aluminium Alloys
    Wysokotemperaturowe odkształcenie stopów aluminium grupy 6xxx
    Autorzy:
    Mrówka-Nowotnik, G.
    Sieniawski, J.
    Kotowski, S.
    Nowotnik, A.
    Motyka, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353594.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    aluminum alloy
    hot deformation
    microstructural evolution
    activation energy
    stop aluminium
    odkształcenie wysokotemperaturowe
    ewolucja mikrostruktury
    energia aktywacji
    Opis:
    The hot deformation behavior of the 6xxx aluminum alloys was investigated by compression tests in the temperature range 100°C-375°C and strain rate range 10−4s−1 and 4×10−4s−1 using dilatometer DIL 805 BÄHR Thermoanalyse equipped with accessory attachment deformation allows the process to execute thermoplastic in vacuum and inert gas atmosphere. Associated microstructural changes of characteristic states of examined alloys were studied by using the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the stress level decreases with increasing deformation temperature and deformation rate. And was also found that the activation energy Q strongly depends on both, the temperature and rate of deformation. The results of TEM observation showing that the dynamic flow softening is mainly as the result of dynamic recovery and recrystallization of 6xxx aluminium alloys.
    Obróbkę cieplno-plastyczną stopów aluminium grupy 6xxx prowadzono w zakresie temperatury 100°C-375°C i prędkości odkształcania 10−4s−1 i 4×10−4s−1 na dylatometrze DIL 805 BÄHR Thermoanalyse wyposażonym w przystawkę odkształceniową umożliwiającą wykonanie procesu odkształcania w próżni i w atmosferze gazu obojętnego. Zmiany mikrostruktury badanych stopów, zachodzące w charakterystycznych stadiach obróbki cieplno-plastycznej, badano za pomocą transmisyjnego mikroskopu elektronowego (TEM). Ustalono, że wielkość naprężenia zmniejsza się wraz ze wzrostem temperatury i wielkości odkształcenia. Również energia aktywacji Q w dużym stopniu zależy zarówno od temperatury jak i prędkości odkształcania. Wyniki obserwacji mikrostruktury TEM wykazały, że dynamiczne mięknięcie materiałów jest głównie wynikiem zachodzących procesów zdrowienia dynamicznego i rekrystalizacji stopu aluminium 6xxx.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2A; 1079-1084
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructure of warm worked Zircalloy-4
    Mikrostruktura stopu Zircalloy-4 przetwarzanego w podwyższonych temperaturach
    Autorzy:
    Paul, H.
    Darrieulat, M.
    Vanderesse, N.
    Lityńska, L.
    Miszczyk, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353449.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Zircalloy-4
    mikrostruktura
    cząstki drugiej fazy
    deformacja cieplna
    bliźniakowanie
    microstructure
    twinning
    second phase particles
    hot deformation
    Opis:
    The microstructure of commercial purity Zircalloy-4 (Zry-4) compressed at temperatures 650°C and 750°C up to strains of 0.8 was characterized over a wide range of scales, using optical metallography, scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. The typical microstructure after warm deformation consisted of the α-phase matrix and the second phase particles (SPP) enriched in Fe and Cr. Two kinds of these particles were observed. The large isolated SPP were situated along boundaries of lamellae of α-phase, whereas very fine intermetallic particles were nearly homogeneously distributed inside the lamellae. The intensity of recrystallization was main factor deciding on microstructure development in this material. The efficiency of that process increased quite rapidly with temperature or decreasing strain rate. The appearance of twins was the second important feature of the "warm deformed" structure with the prevailing {1102} - type system of twins. They were occasionally observed in all samples after the deformation at 650°C and 750°C temperatures.
    W pracy dokonano wieloskalowej charakterystyki mikrostruktury stopu Zircalloy-4 przerabianego plastycznie w zakresie pośrednich temperatur, tj. 650°C-750°C, w zakresie odkształceń logarytmicznych do 0.8, z wykorzystaniem technik mikroskopii optycznej oraz skaningowej i transmisyjnej mikroskopii elektronowej. W obrazie mikrostruktury obserwowano płytki fazy α oraz wydzielenia cząstek drugiej fazy wzbogaconoej w Fe oraz Cr. Obserwowano dwa typy wydzieleń. Duże izolowane cząstki usytuowane były wzdłuż granic płytek fazy α, podczas gdy wydzielenia dyspersyjne rozmieszczone były równomiernie w strukturze stopu. Głównym parametrem który decydował o zróżnicowaniu w strukturze stopu była intensywność zachodzenia procesu rekrystalizacji, która silnie uzależniona była od temperatury i prędkości odkształcenia. Drugim istotnym zjawiskiem obserwowanym po odkształceniu w obydwu temperaturach było pojawienie się obszarów zbliźniaczonych, przy czym dominował system zbliźniaczenia na płaszczyźnie {1102}.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2010, 55, 4; 1007-1019
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling of Plastic Flow Behaviour of Metals in the Hot Deformation Process Using Artificial Intelligence Methods
    Autorzy:
    Mrzygłód, Barbara
    Łukaszek-Sołek, Aneta
    Olejarczyk-Wożeńska, Izabela
    Pasierbiewicz, Karolina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174622.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    hot deformation
    Inconel 718
    rheological model
    forming process
    neuro-fuzzy inference system
    odkształcanie na gorąco
    model reologiczny
    proces formowania
    Opis:
    Hot deformation of metals is a widely used process to produce end products with the desired geometry and required mechanical properties. To properly design the hot forming process, it is necessary to examine how the tested material behaves during hot deformation. Model studies carried out to characterize the behaviour of materials in the hot deformation process can be roughly divided into physical and mathematical simulation techniques. The methodology proposed in this study highlights the possibility of creating rheological models for selected materials using methods of artificial intelligence, such as neuro-fuzzy systems. The main goal of the study is to examine the selected method of artificial intelligence to know how far it is possible to use this method in the development of a predictive model describing the flow of metals in the process of hot deformation. The test material was Inconel 718 alloy, which belongs to the family of austenitic nickel-based superalloys characterized by exceptionally high mechanical properties, physicochemical properties and creep resistance. This alloy is hardly deformable and requires proper understanding of the constitutive behaviour of the material under process conditions to directly enable the optimization of deformability and, indirectly, the development of effective shaping technologies that can guarantee obtaining products with the required microstructure and desired final mechanical properties. To be able to predict the behaviour of the material under non-experimentally tested conditions, a rheological model was developed using the selected method of artificial intelligence, i.e. the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The source data used in these studies comes from a material experiment involving compression of the tested alloy on a Gleeble 3800 thermo-mechanical simulator at temperatures of 900, 1000, 1050, 1100, 1150oC with the strain rates of 0.01 - 100 s-1 to a constant true strain value of 0.9. To assess the ability of the developed model to describe the behaviour of the examined alloy during hot deformation, the values of yield stress determined by the developed model (ANFIS) were compared with the results obtained experimentally. The obtained results may also support the numerical modelling of stress-strain curves.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2022, 22, 3; 41--52
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence hot plastic deformation on the structure and properties of carbon steel of the railway wheel
    Autorzy:
    Vakulenko, Igor
    Plitchenko, Sergey
    Bolotova, Dariy
    Asgarov, Khangardash
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312350.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
    Tematy:
    railway wheel
    carbon steel
    mechanical properties
    hot deformation
    boundary
    austenite
    koło kolejowe
    stal węglowa
    właściwości mechaniczne
    odkształcenie na gorąco
    granica
    austenit
    Opis:
    The study is devoted to the explanation of the influence of hot plastic deformation on the properties of railway wheels. The shape of individual elements of the wheel provides for a different degree of hot compression, which determines the mechanism for the development of the recrystallization at austenite. With a decrease in the degree of the hot deformation, a certain proportion of grains with a low energy of linear stretching are formed in austenite. As a result, of the low mobility of such boundaries, the likelihood of preservation of part of the substructural state of the austenite increases, which should affect the formation of a colony of perlite during the cooling of the carbon steel. Against background preservation and a dependence of strength properties on the dispersion of the pearlite colony, the appearance in austenite of grain boundaries with a low energy of linear tension leads to a qualitative change in the plastic properties of railway wheel steel. The increase in plasticity of carbon steel with an increase in dispersion of the pearlite colony is due to a decrease in the effect of solid solution hardening and an increase in the role of the ferrite-cementite interface in the development processes of strain hardening carbon steel. The results obtained can be useful for improving the technology of manufacturing all-rolled railway wheels.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2023, 121; 257--266
    0209-3324
    2450-1549
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of hot deformation and isothermal holding temperature on retained austenite characteristics in 3-5% Mn multiphase steels
    Autorzy:
    Opiela, Marek
    Grajcar, Adam
    Pakieła, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204525.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    hot deformation
    bainitic transformation
    retained austenite
    Mn effect
    multiphase structure
    manganese effect
    austenit szczątkowy
    struktura wielofazowa
    efekt Mn
    odkształacanie wysokotemperaturowe
    przemiana bainityczna
    Opis:
    The paper presents stress-strain characteristics recorded during the four-step compression of axisymmetric samples in the Gleeble thermomechanical simulator. The hot deformability of three steels with Mn concentrations of 3%, 4% and 5% was compared. The analysis of the influence of plastic deformation and Mn content on the microstructure of alloys, and in particular, on a fraction and morphological features of the retained austenite, was performed. The proportion of the retained austenite was determined by the X-ray diffraction method. It was found that the content of Mn in the range from 3% to 5% does not have a significant impact on the high-temperature resistance of the steel during compression tests, but it has a significant influence on the microstructure of the steel and the fraction of retained austenite. The optimal conditions for maximizing the proportion of retained austenite were obtained at the temperature of 400 °C, and it decreased with increasing Mn concentration in the steel. It has been shown that it is related to the redistribution of carbon from the remaining austenite fraction with an increase in the manganese content. The mechanical properties were determined on the basis of hardness measurements.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2023, 71, 2; art. no. e144611
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Segregation behaviour of third generation advanced high-strength Mn-Al steels
    Autorzy:
    Grajcar, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382818.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    makrosegregacja
    mikrosegregacja
    AHSS
    stal typu TRIP
    EDS
    mikrostruktura
    odkształcenie wysokotemperaturowe
    mikrododatek stopowy
    macrosegregation
    microsegregation
    Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS)
    TRIP steel
    microstructure
    hot deformation
    microalloying
    Opis:
    The paper addresses the macro- and microsegregation of alloying elements in the new-developed Mn-Al TRIP steels, which belong to the third generation of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) used in the automotive industry. The segregation behaviour both in the as-cast state and after hot forging was assessed in the macro scale by OES and by EDS measurements in different structural constituents. The structural investigations were carried out using light and scanning electron microscopy. A special attention was paid to the effect of Nb microaddition on the structure and the segregation of alloying elements. The tendency of Mn and Al to macrosegregation was found. It is difficult to remove in Nb-free steels. Microsegregation of Mn and Al between austenite and ferritic structural constituents can be removed.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 2; 123-128
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Combined effects of strain and cooling path on hot deformation response and microstructure of low-carbon structural steel
    Autorzy:
    Morawiec, M.
    Borek, W.
    Mroziński, M.
    Grajcar, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379077.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
    Tematy:
    structural steel
    low-carbon steel
    hot deformation
    thermomechanical process
    gleeble simulator
    cooling path
    stal konstrukcyjna
    stal niskowęglowa
    odkształcenie na gorąco
    proces termomechaniczny
    symulator Gleeble
    droga ochładzania
    Opis:
    Purpose: The aim of the paper is to analyse the effect of thermomechanical process with different cooling paths on microstructure and mechanical properties of low-carbon structural steel. Design/methodology/approach: The steel used for the investigation was subjected to two step deformation using a Gleeble 3800 simulator and then held at designed temperatures from 650ºC to 800ºC for different times. A final step included water cooling to room temperature to freeze the microstructure. Typical microscopic studies have been done. The analysis of the volume fraction of presented phases was carried out together with the measurement of grain size by means of image analysis. The last part of conducted research was hardness analysis of the steel after the different heat treatments. Findings: It was found that the microstructure constitution and grain size are strongly dependent on the temperature of isothermal holdings. The microstructure of steel held at 800ºC is composed of the mixture of bainite and two kinds of ferrite: globular and acicular. When the temperature was lowered by 50ºC the ferrite shows the globular morphology. When the temperature drops to 700ºC and below it, the microstructure is composed of ferritic-pearlitic mixture. It was observed that when the isothermal temperature was increased the grain size decreased and the opposite effect was observed for the holding time. The longer the time of the isothermal holding, the larger was the grain size. Research limitations/implications: For better understanding of the phase transformation kinetics in this steel the dilatometric test are planned. Practical implications: The knowledge of the microstructure evolution and hot deformation response of low-carbon structural steels is important from the industrial point of view. Originality/value: The combined effects of hot deformation and different cooling paths give the useful information on a microstructure evolution.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Materials Science and Engineering; 2019, 95, 1; 5-11
    1897-2764
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wysokowytrzymałe niskostopowe stale na odkuwki matrycowe chłodzone w sposób regulowany bezpośrednio po kuciu
    High strength low alloy steels for closed die forgings subjected to controlled cooling directly after forging process
    Autorzy:
    Garbarz, B.
    Żak, A.
    Walnik, B.
    Zalecki, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/182061.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Metalurgii Żelaza im. Stanisława Staszica
    Tematy:
    odkuwka matrycowa
    stal wysokowytrzymała
    regulowane chłodzenie
    odkształcenie na gorąco
    przemiany fazowe
    właściwości mechaniczne
    mikrostruktura
    closed die forging
    high-strength steel
    controlled cooling
    hot deformation
    phase transformations
    mechanical properties
    microstructure
    Opis:
    Artykuł zawiera wyniki badań eksperymentalnych, których celem był dobór składu chemicznego stali i opracowanie parametrów chłodzenia bezpośrednio po kuciu, zapewniających uzyskanie wysokiej wytrzymałości oraz dobrej plastyczności i udarności odkuwek matrycowych o średnicy /grubości do ok. 50 mm. Eksperymentalne stale poddano badaniom hartowności, opracowano diagramy przemian fazowych CTPc, wykonano symulacje obróbek cieplnoplastycznych, przeprowadzono badania mikro-strukturalne i dla wybranych wariantów obróbki zmierzono właściwości mechaniczne. Wykazano, że uzyskanie wysokiej udarności KVCharpyV/+20℃ na poziomie 170 J przy wytrzymałości powyżej 1000 MPa umożliwia stal zawierająca 0,1%C, 1,8%Mn, 0,4%Cr, o strukturze bainityczno-martenzytycznej składającej się z ok. 70% bainitu i ok. 30% martenzytu listwowego. Otrzymanie bardzo wysokiej wytrzymałości powyżej 1400 MPa i udarności KVCharpyV/+20℃ minimum 60 J jest możliwe dla stali zawierającej 0,2%C, 1,5%Mn, 0,4%Cr, 0,3%Mo, o mikrostrukturze martenzytyczno-bainitycznej składającej się z 50% lub nieco większej ilości martenzytu listwowego i 50% lub nieco mniejszej ilości bainitu.
    The paper presents results of experimental investigation aimed at selection of chemical composition of steel and development of parameters of cooling directly after forging allowing to obtain high strength and good plasticity and impact toughness of closed die forgings with diameter/thickness up to 50 mm. The experimental steels were characterised by assessment of the hardenability, developing of CCT phase diagrams, the effects of thermomechanical treatments and - for chosen variants - measurements of mechanical properties and description of microstructure. It was shown that high impact toughness KVCharpyV/+20℃ at the level of 170 J and strength over 1000 MPa are possible to obtain for steel containing 0.1%C, 1.8%Mn, 0.4%Cr, with bainitic-martensitic microstructure comprising ca 70% of bainite and ca 30% of lath martensite. A very high strength over 1400 MPa and impact toughness KVCharpyV/+20℃ minimum of 60 J can be obtained for steel containing 0.2%C, 1.5%Mn, 0.4%Cr, 0.3%Mo, with martensitic-bainitic microstructure comprising 50% or some more of lath martensite and 50% or little less of bainite.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza; 2017, T. 69, nr 4, 4; 19-33
    0137-9941
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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