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Tytuł:
Hare in Sauce According to Anthimus’ Recipe: Meat
Autorzy:
Rzeźnicka, Zofia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31234130.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
history of medical literature
history of gastronomic literature
history of medicine
history of dietetics
food history
Anthimus
melancholic meat
hare meat
Opis:
The present article examines the beginning of the recipe for hare meat (leporis vero si novellae […]) preserved in Chapter 13 of the dietetic treatise De observatione ciborum written in the first half of the 6th cent. by the Byzantine physician Anthimus. In the initial part of the study, the author briefly discusses key events in the doctor’s life, explaining the circumstances which brought him to the royal court of the Frankish ruler, Theuderic. Next, the author analyses Anthimus’ competence in the field of dietetics and proves that he composed his treatise in line with ancient and Byzantine materia medica. The key part of the article scrutinises the most popular methods of preparing hare meat according to ancient gastronomical literature (Ἡδυπάθεια by Archestratus of Gela, De re coquinaria) and compares them with Anthimus’ recommendations. This allows the author to reconstruct the culinary techniques that Anthimus most probably proposed be applied in the preparation of hare meat. The author concludes that Anthimus’ treatise is a clear example of the practical application of both dietetics and materia medica in culinary practices performed in the physician’s lifetime.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2022, 12; 751-777
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Medical Science of Milk Included in Celsus’ Treatise De medicina
Autorzy:
Kokoszko, Maciej
Dybała, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682437.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Celsus
history of medicine
history of pharmacology
milk
diary products
Opis:
Milk was a very significant food product in the Mediterranean. The present study is not devoted to milk as such, but to therapeutic galactology, galaktologia iatrike (γαλακτολογία ἰατρική), a version of which is extant in De medicina penned by a Roman encyclopaedist called Celsus. The author places milk and milk-derived products among therapeutic substances, indicates the methods of processing such substances, and also provides the readers with details on dietary and pharmacological characteristics of dairy foods as well as indicating their place in a number of cures. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the characterizations of milk and dairy products with regard to their dietary properties and application as pharmakon (φάρμκον) are not an exclusive feature of De medicina, but they are regularly mentioned not only in medical works, such as De diaeta I–IV, teachings of Dioscorides, extant fragments penned by Rufus of Ephesus, Galen, Oribasius, Aetius of Amida and Paul of Aegina, but also in Historia naturalis by Pliny. This is a clear sign that milk was considered to be significant from the medical point of view and was as such very interesting both for the medical profession and for general public. Therefore De medicina appears as a typical work, and details contained in it are simply a testimony of the evolution of the doctrine that was already present in De Diaeta I–IV and later developed by the most prominent physicians.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2016, 6; 323-353
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola społeczna aptek jezuickich w dawnej Rzeczypospolitej
The social role of Jesuit pharmacies in the former Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Mariani, Andrea
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28408508.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-11-03
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
history of pharmacy
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Society of Jesus
medical matter
history of surgery
history of medicine
Opis:
The article presents the social role of Jesuit pharmacies in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on the sources of religious provenance and inventories of Jesuit colleges drawn up as a result of the dissolution of the Society of Jesus in 1773. In the first part, the author analyzes the ecclesiastical and secular legislation and its impact on the activities of Jesuit pharmacies. Canon law did not forbid clergymen to deal with medicine, but only limited the possibility of obtaining academic education in this field and conducting surgical procedures. By adopting these rules, Jesuit legislation placed the main emphasis on superiors’ control over the finances of pharmacies and limited the sale of drugs to protect the order from being accused of unfair competition by the townspeople. In the context of state pharmaceutical law, the privilege of June 30, 1662, which allowed for the liberation of journeymen by Jesuit pharmacists, was of great importance. In this way, a path of professional education in the field of pharmacy under the management of the Society, an alternative to the guild system, was created. The second part of the article discusses the social factors that favoured the establishment of monastic pharmacies. Particularly noteworthy is the uneven distribution of Jesuit pharmacies in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. While in Royal Prussia the Jesuits did not run pharmacies to avoid conflicts with the Protestant bourgeoisie, in the eastern borderlands of the Polish-Lithuanian state, Jesuit pharmacies were often the only institutions of this type. The third part of the work presents the financial situation of Jesuit pharmacies. They had significant income, but also required considerable investments related to the purchase of raw materials and equipment in the Baltic ports. The fourth part of the article concerns the social scope of the activity of Jesuit pharmacists, who not only provided medicines to the poor, but also treated nobles, magnates and high church dignitaries. Not being obliged by guild regulations, apart from preparing medicines, they also diagnosed them, performed minor surgical procedures and assisted women during childbirth. The last part of the article discusses drugs and raw materials in terms of their availability to the broadly understood clientele. The offer of Jesuit pharmacies included both cheap products derived from the local flora, intended for the treatment of the poor, and expensive raw materials from abroad. Moreover, among the medical matter there were preparations for women and infants, as well as for people suffering from syphilis. In the end, the author emphasizes the centrality of pharmacies in the Jesuit pastoral strategy. Thanks to their high level, pharmacies not only corresponded to the ideal of mercy, but also contributed to gaining the favour and trust of representatives of social elites. In this context, the dissolution of the Society is an important turning point not only in cultural and religious life, but also in the history of medicine and pharmacy in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Źródło:
Wiek Oświecenia; 2021, 37; 42-83
0137-6942
Pojawia się w:
Wiek Oświecenia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Okulistyczny epizod biografii Bolesława Wieniawy-Długoszowskiego
Ophthalmology episode in the biography of Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski
Autorzy:
Witczak, Włodzimierz
Grzybowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530514.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Historii Filozofii i Medycyny
Tematy:
historia okulistyki
Bolesław Wieniawa-
Długoszowski
historia polskiej okulistyki
historia
medycyny
history of ophthalmology
history of Polish ophthalmology
history of medicine
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono fragment biografii generała Bolesława Wieniawy-Długoszowskiego (1881-1942), dotyczący jego zawodowych zainteresowań okulistyką. Prostuje ona nieścisłości związane ze specjalizacją w tej dziedzinie wielokrotnie powielane przez dawnych znajomych i korzystających z nich bezkrytycznie współczesnych biografów lekarza.
In the article the part of biography of general Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski (1881-1942) related to ophthalmology was presented. It verifies some inaccuracies delivered by his acquaintances, present in the literature and often repeated by his biographers.
Źródło:
Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny; 2019, 82; 87-89
0860-1844
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anthimus and His Work, or on Aromatics and Wildfowl in De observatione ciborum
Anthimus and His Work, or on Aromatics and Wildfowl in De observatione ciborum [Antimus i jego dzieło, czyli o aromatach i dzikim ptactwie w “De observatione ciborum]
Autorzy:
Kokoszko, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Anthimus
De observatione ciborum
history of medicine
history of food
aromatics
wildfowl
Opis:
The present study focuses on select fragments of De observatione ciborum only. It starts with Chapter 13 (describing preparation of hare), analysing exclusively the recipe for a sauce included therein as it illustrates accurately Anthimus’ world of knowledge, and gives an opportunity to supplement the list of ingredients of the delicacy. Subsequently, the analysis moves on to Chapters 25, and 26 of De observatione ciborum, which have some information on Anthimus’ medical practice and his creativity as a physician. The research is concluded with the contents of Chapter 33, which provide data on the place, where the work was composed.
Źródło:
Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae; 2021, 31, 2; 59-95
0302-7384
Pojawia się w:
Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
John Hilton (1805-1878) jego życie i osiągnięcia w zakresie anatomii, chirurgii, neurologii oraz neurochirurgii
John Hilton (1805-1878) – his life and contributions to anatomy, surgery, neurology and neurosurgery
Autorzy:
Zamachowska, Monika
Grzybowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Historii Filozofii i Medycyny
Tematy:
Hilton
historia medycyny
historia
anatomii
historia chirurgii
historia neurologii, historia
neurochirurgii
prawo Hiltona
linia Hiltona
history of medicine
history of anatomy
history of surgery
history of neurology
history
of neurosurgery
Hilton’s law
Hilton’s line
Opis:
John Hilton (1805-1878) był znanym angielskim anatomem i chirurgiem. Miał ogromy wkład w rozwój tych dyscyplin medycznych. Z jego nazwiskiem związanych jest kilka eponimów medycznych. Najbardziej znane to linia Hiltona, służąca za znacznik w operacjach proktologicznych, oraz prawo Hiltona mówiące o tym, że nerwy dochodzące do stawu unerwiają zarówno mięśnie poruszające tym stawem, jak i skórę w jego okolicy Mniej znane, a nie mniej ważne są jego inne osiągnięcia naukowe z zakresu neurologii i neurochirurgii. Celem artykułu jest przypomnienie sylwetki tego wybitnego lekarza w kontekście jego zasług dla rozwoju medycyny.
John Hilton (1805-1878) was a known English anatomist and surgeon. He made a huge contribution to the development of these medical disciplines. There are several medical eponyms with his name. Popular known on the Hilton line, which serves as a marker in proctological operations, and the Hilton law saying that the nerves to the muscles acting on a joint give branches to that joint as well as to the skin over the area of action of these muscles. Less known and no less important are his other scientific studies in the field of neurology and neurosurgery. The aim of the article is to compare the figure of this outstanding doctor in the context of his merits for the development of medicine.
Źródło:
Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny; 2019, 82; 81-86
0860-1844
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Vilnius Section of the Polish Otorhinolaryngological Society in 1924–1939
Autorzy:
Bruzgielewicz, Antoni
Bartoszewicz, Robert
Niemczyk, Kazimierz
Krupowies, Walentyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398943.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
history of medicine
otorhinolaryngology
Vilnius
Opis:
The medical society associating doctors dealing with diseases of the ear, nose, larynx and pharynx in the territory of the Republic of Poland was registered in 1921 as the Polish Otorhinolaryngological Society. The Society’s Vilnius Section was established in 1924. We know the most about the Vilnius Section of the Polish Otorhinolaryngological Society because the protocols of the section meetings have been preserved. According to the protocols, 58 sessions were held during the 16 years of the Vilnius Section’s existence. During the entire period of the Section’s activity, over 250 different clinical cases were demonstrated, and more than 30 papers, inventions, new therapeutic and surgical methods were discussed and presented. Colleagues shared their experience gained abroad, internships held in foreign centers; participation in congresses in Poland and abroad were discussed. On September 26–29, 1929 as part of the 13th Congress of Polish Doctors and Naturalists in Vilnius, the Vilnius Section organized the VIII National Congress of the Society and a Section meeting.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny; 2021, 10, 1; 36-41
2084-5308
2300-7338
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How to Glow and Stay Fresh: Some Advice on Deodorants Penned by Aetius of Amida
Autorzy:
Kokoszko, Maciej
Rzeźnicka, Zofia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31234041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
History of medical literature
history of medicine
history of cosmetology
ancient/ Byzantine cosmetics
antiperspirants
deodorants
aromatics
Aetius of Amida
Criton of Heraclea
Opis:
As far as women’s wellbeing is concerned, ancient and Byzantine physicians took great care not only of their patients’ health sensu stricto but also of their appearance. A testimony of the approach is given, for instance, by Aetius of Amida’s (6th cent. AD) Libri medicinales, where he devotes much attention to cosmetics, including a group of deodorising antiperspirants called καταπάσματα. In our study we analyse one prescription, taken by Aetius from Criton of Heraclea’s (1st/2nd cent. AD) treatise, trying to prove that it is very informative of medical (especially pharmaceutical) theory as well as practice in the social context of the 6th century AD. In order to achieve our goal, first, we analyse ancient and Byzantine materia medica, scrutinizing the medical properties ascribed to each component of the cosmetic in the light of the theory in force between the 1st and the 6th centuries AD. Next, we determine the method of preparation of the antiperspirant, its form, the mode and place of its application. Finally, we proceed to assess its market value as a marker exposing the group of the cosmetic’s addressees. As a result, we conclude that the recipe was competently worked out on the basis of a theory commonly accepted by medical authorities, and that the preparation was designed for women (but also for men) of a high social status.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2023, 13; 477-490
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od izolacji do leczenia. Ewolucja stosunku do psychicznie chorych w dziewiętnastowiecznych Prusach na przykładzie funkcjonowania Prowincjonalnego Zakładu dla Chorych Psychicznie w Darłowie (1841–1900)
From Isolation to Treatment: Evolution of Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill in the Nineteenth-Century Prussia, as Seen in the Case of the Provincial Department for the Mentally Ill in Darłowo (1841–1900)
Autorzy:
Chróściak, Emil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1059218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-06-30
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
social history
history of medicine
mental ward
psychiatry
mental disorders
darłowo
prussia
nineteenth century
Opis:
The situation of the mentally ill changed significantly at the end of the eighteenth and in the nineteenth century, the era that saw a gradual dissemination of humanitarian ideas. In Prussia, the humanitarian reforms began in the early nineteenth century and resulted in the establishment of several institutions for the mentally ill, which were to appear in all provinces of the Hohenzollern monarchy. One of these facilities was the institution in Darłowo (Rügenwalde), which was established in 1842. The aim of the paper is to answer the question whether the humanitarian proposals were implemented in practice. To date, Polish researchers have studied these issues only in the context of the Province of Silesia and Province of Posen. The application of the comparative method and the analysis of the documents, including rules and guidelines for the facility in Darłowo, have demonstrated that the implementation of the reforms in the Province of Pomerania was significantly delayed. The facility in Darłowo was not meant as an institution for treating patients with mental illness until the 1860s. The organisation of the staff, little or no variety in categorising patients, and slim chances of leaving the facility indicate that its main aim was to isolate patients from the society. The humanitarian ideas can be deemed to have been implemented only as of 1863, i.e. after the institution had been reorganised. It was then that the main task of the facility became to effectively and non-violently treat the mentally ill and enable their return to society.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2020, 85, 2; 95-112
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Płeć kulturowa jako kategoria historyczna. Relacje między medyczną koncepcją ciała a pojęciem płci kulturowej
Autorzy:
Buczkowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/645397.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
gender
body
history of medicine
Opis:
Gender as the historical category: Relations between the medical conception of the body and the notion of genderThe article touches on the relation between gender and the medical conception of the body in the context of historical changes. The oldest European conception of gender was linked to ontic inequality, which corresponded to one-gender idea of the body in medicine. From the eighteenth century on, the medical conception of the body started to change, and the idea of two-gender body started spreading. The body of women started to be perceived as the different “other.” That change was accompanied by social and cultural shift and one of its consequences was the emergence of women’s group identity. The latest medical idea is personalized medicine, and the body is an element of the culture of individualization. Judging by the recent changes in the medical conception of the body, we are probably witnessing a change in the idea of gender – namely its dispersion. Płeć kulturowa jako kategoria historyczna. Relacje między medyczną koncepcją ciała a pojęciem płci kulturowejArtykuł dotyczy relacji pomiędzy pojęciem płci kulturowej a medyczną koncepcją ciała w kontekście zmian historycznych. Najstarsza w kulturze europejskiej koncepcja płci kulturowej wiązana była z nierównością ontyczną, co odpowiadało jednopłciowej koncepcji ciała w medycynie. Zmiana zaczęła następować od osiemnastego wieku, gdy w medycynie zaczęła się rozpowszechniać koncepcja ciała dwupłciowego, w którym kobiece ciało było traktowane jako inne. Tej zmianie towarzyszyły szerokie zmiany społeczne oraz w konsekwencji powstanie grupowej tożsamości kobiet. Najnowsze koncepcje medycyny personalizowanej wskazują na indywidualizację ciała. Towarzyszy temu zmiana kulturowa polegająca na coraz wyraźniejszym akcentowaniu indywidualności ciała. Przyjmując za punkty wyjścia zmiany pojmowania ciała w medycynie, prawdopodobnie jesteśmy świadkami zmiany pojęcia płci kulturowej – jej rozproszenia.
Źródło:
Adeptus; 2017, 9
2300-0783
Pojawia się w:
Adeptus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Karol Roman Nałęcz-Brudzewski (1868-1935): znaczący polski okulista i utalentowany rzeźbiarz
Karol Roman Nałęcz-Brudzewski (1868-1935): Polish important ophthamologist and talented sculptur
Autorzy:
Grzybowski, Andrzej
Nawrocki, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972552.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Historii Filozofii i Medycyny
Tematy:
Karol Roman Nałęcz-Brudzewski
medycyna
krakowska
polska okulistyka
historia okulistyki
historia medycyny
historia sztuki
historia rzeźbiarstwa
Cracovian medicine
Polish ophthalmology
history of ophthalmology
history of medicine
history of art
history of statuary
Opis:
Artykuł przedstawia życiorys, dorobek naukowy oraz artystyczny polskiego okulisty Karola Romana Nałęcz-Brudzewskiego (1868-1935). Studiował on na Wydziale Lekarskim Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, w 1893 roku uzyskał stopień doktora wszech nauk lekarskich (łac. doctoris medicinae universae), a następnie w latach 1893-1897 był asystentem na klinice okulistycznej UJ. Po otrzymaniu stypendium studiował w Paryżu. Od 1907 do 1919 był okulistą Miejskiej Kasy Chorych w Krakowie, a od 1923 roku do śmierci pracował jako prymariusz oddziału ocznego w Państwowym Szpitalu św. Łazarza w Krakowie. W sierpniu 1917 roku habilitował się na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim. Za najważniejsze jego dzieło przez współczesnych uznawano „Podręcznik perymetrji klinicznej: dla użytku studentów i lekarzy” wydany w 1925 roku. Brudzewski był ponadto utalentowanym artystą i rzeźbiarzem; szczególne zamiłowanie żywił do rzeźbienia zwierząt.
The article contains a memoir as well as academic and artistic achievements of an Polish ophthalmologist Karol Roman Nałęcz-Brudzewski (1868-1935). He studied at the Medical Faculty of Jagiellonian University, in 1893 he got the doctor of all medical sciences degree (lat. doctoris medicinae universae). Then between 1893 and 1897 he was an assistant at the Ophthalmological Clinic of the JU. After being granted with a scholarship he went to Paris to study. From 1907 till 1919 he was an ophthalmologist at the Urban Healthcare Fund in Cracow and since 1923 till death he worked as a department head of the Ophthalmic Ward at the Public Hospital of Saint Lazarus in Cracow. In August 1917 he habilitated at the Jagiellonian University. His most important piece of work was „Textbook of the clinical perimetry: for the use of students and doctors”, which was published in 1925. Brudzewski was also a talented artist and sculptor; he was especially passionate about sculpting animals.
Źródło:
Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny; 2018, 81; 100-112
0860-1844
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki (1897-1941) and his contribution to the development of otorhinolaryngology
Profesor Władysław Dobrzaniecki (1897-1941) i jego wkład w rozwój otorynolaryngologii
Autorzy:
Bruzgielewicz, Antoni
Bartoszewicz, Robert
Krupowies, Walentyna
Niemczyk, Kazimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-16
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
history of medicine
otorhinolaryngology
Władysław Dobrzaniecki
Opis:
Many eminent surgeons provided excellent foundations for the establishment and development of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery. One of them was professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki. Of the 66 items written by W. Dobrzaniecki, 26 works concerned issues related to the head and neck. These works show that the main topic was plastic surgery, both aesthetic and reconstructive after extensive oncological operations. The scientific and professional career of such a talented surgeon was suddenly interrupted. At the age of 44, he was murdered by the Nazis, in Lviv on July 4, 1941, along with other professors. Professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki was one of many surgeons who made a significant contribution to the development of otorhinolaryngology, in particular plastic surgery in the area of the head and neck region. He is regarded as the precursor of plastic surgery in the inter-war period [1]. At the age of 44, he was murdered along with other professors by the Germans with active (and hard to dispute) participation of Ukrainian nationalists in Lviv on July 4, 1941 [2]. We will try to introduce the figure of this distinguished scholar to a wider community of otorhinolaryngologists, present his scientific achievements in the field of otorhinolaryngology. Władysław Dobrzaniecki was born on September 24, 1897 in Zielinka near Borszczów in the territory of present-day Ukraine [3–5]. A former resident of Zielinka recollects the village at that time as follows [6]: „Zielinka was not a large village, but it had over 100 house addresses. The residents gave names to the different parts of the village: near windmill, near chapel, earthworks. Peasant homesteads were concentrated along small, narrow paths; located on the right side of the Niczława river, in the northern part, they progressed, through a small wooden bridge, in the direction of the village Piłatkowce… The best-known Pole of the inter-war period born in my home village Zielinka was professor of surgery at the John Casimir University in Lviv, physician Władysław Dobrzaniecki”. He studied medicine at the University of Lviv, where he received the title of doctoris medicinae universae. After Poland’s rebirth in 1918, its borders came under threat from the east; among defenders of Lviv were pupils and students called „Orlęta Lwowskie” (Lviv Eaglets). At the age of 21, W. Dobrzaniecki was actively engaged in defending Lviv as it was besieged by Ukrainian army [7]. A lot of valuable information about the scientific and professional life of Władysław Dobrzaniecki and his work at the Department of Surgery can be learnt from memories of Professor Stanisław Laskownicki in his book „Szpada, bagnet, lancet” [8]. Already as a student, W. Dobrzaniecki’s interests were focused on surgery. As a fourth-year student, first as a voluntary and then as a junior assistant in 1923, he started work at the Department of Surgery under Professor Hilary Schramm, who created a unique atmosphere at the department, encouraging co-workers to pursue scientific development, go abroad, publish research and deliver papers at conventions (Fig. 1.). It is important to stress that back then the whole scientific and surgical development depended on and concentrated around the person of the head – in most cases, the only professor of surgery at a given department. He determined the character and direction of the research, set priorities and decided on almost everything that concerned the department and its staff. He was virtually an oracle – his authority and power was inconceivable from today’s perspective [9]. Initially, Dobrzaniecki was acquiring his surgical skills as a voluntary at the Department under doctor Jerzy Mostowy, who later in life worked in Brzeżany and Tarnopol [4, 5]. Shortly after receiving his diploma, at the 21st Convention of Polish Surgeons in Lviv in July 1924 Władysław Dobrzaniecki presented his probably first study „O sympaticektomji okołonaczyniowej na podstawie materiału Kliniki Chirurgicznej Lwowskiej” [On perivascular sympathicectomy based on the material of the Department of Surgery in Lviv] [10]. This shows the level of trust placed in the young adept of the surgical art by the Head of the Department. Employed full-time at the Department, he honed his surgical skills under and with the support of Stanisław Laskownicki, who later became Professor and Head of the University and Hospital Department of Urology In Krakow [3, 8]. null null During his assistantship Władysław Dobrzaniecki visited numerous Departments in Europe: England, Austria, France, Germany and Switzerland. He presented his observations and reflections from those trips in a lengthy account in Polska Gazeta Lekarska (Polish Medical Gazette) [11]. His good knowledge of foreign languages allowed him to easily establish numerous social and scientific connections, draw on the knowledge and experience of his peers from abroad. In 1931, on the return from France, he defended his postdoctoral thesis (praca habilitacyjna) titled „Obecny stan chirurgii układu współczulnego” [Present state of surgery of the sympathetic nervous system] at the John Casimir University in Lviv with Professor H. Schramm as his supervisor. The postdoctoral thesis was written in Strasbourg under Professor Rene Leriche. It was published in Polski Przegląd Chirurgiczny (Polish Surgical Review) as work created at the above-mentioned facility in France [13]. After Professor H. Schramm retired in 1932, Professor Tadeusz Ostrowski became the Head of the Department (Fig. 2.). W. Dobrzaniecki worked under Professor T. Ostrowski until 1936 when he took on an independent position of the Head of the Department of Paediatric Surgery at the Saint Zofia Children Hospital in Lviv. In 1938, he was appointed titular professor of surgery [3]. In the same year, he became the Head of the Department of Surgery of the National Public Hospital. At the Faculty of Medicine, W. Dobrzaniecki taught classes in general surgery, transplantation, practical classes in application of fixing dressings, a course in operations using corpses, and from the 1935/1936 academic year – also classes in paediatric surgery [14–18]. Dobrzaniecki’s lectures were very popular, as he was a naturally gifted speaker. His lectures and scientific papers were stylistically immaculate and delivered with great eloquence and perfect diction [8]. Following the invasion of Poland by Germany, many doctors heroically fulfilled their professional and patriotic duty. It was especially surgeons who made their mark, having their hands full with so many injured. In that difficult time, Władysław Dobrzaniecki provided assistance to civilians and Polish soldiers with great dedication. Based on memories of Professor Andrzej Gruca, Tomasz Cieszyński accounts that W. Dobrzaniecki worked at that time at the Sixth District Hospital of Social Security at 31 Kurkowa Street, which was renamed Military Hospital No 604 following reports about the German aggression, and at the Military District Hospital at 26 Łyczakowska Street. According to other sources, his activity in that period was mainly concentrated in the Public Hospital [19]. It is possible that such an eminent surgeon was summoned and provided assistance to victims of the aggression in all of the three facilities. On September 17, 1939, violating the binding Polish-Soviet non- -aggression pact, Red Army invaded the territory of the Republic of Poland, thereby implementing the arrangements contained in the secret protocol of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, and entered Lviv on September 22, 1941. During the first Soviet occupation, from September 22, 1939 to June 27, 1941, all Polish institutions were dissolved. At the beginning of October, the John Casimir University reopened and was renamed Ivan Franko University to comply with formal Ukrainisation. The Faculty of Theology was dissolved, and the Faculty of Medicine and the Faculty of Pharmacy were administratively separated from the other units to form the State Medical Institute. As part of the Faculty of Medicine, the Department of Hospital Surgery was established based on the Public Hospital, and Professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki was appointed the Head. [20]. Practically all lectures in medicine, in theoretical divisions and departments held by Polish professors were delivered in the Polish language. Only Marxism and Leninism were taught in the Ukrainian language by doctor Zaszkilniak, who was brought from Kiev [21]. Following the Soviet occupation that lasted around a year and 9 months, on the night from June 30 to July 1, 1941, three days after the flight of the soviet army, Germans entered Lviv. On July 2, Germans arrested Professor Kazimierz Bartel at the Lviv Polytechnic. During the night from the 3rd to 4th July, the SS and Gestapo formations arrested a group of 22 professors (the 23rd person arrested was Professor Franciszek Groer, paediatrician, who was released after interrogation and so managed to survive) of the John Casimir University, the Lviv Polytechnic and the Academy of Veterinary Sciences in Lviv, some of them along with their wives and sons and other relatives; they were executed at the break of day on July 4 in the Wólka Hills. Among them there were 12 professors of the Faculty of Medicine. These were: Antoni Cieszyński (stomatologist), Władysław Dobrzaniecki (surgeon), Jan Grek (general practitioner) along with his wife, Jerzy Grzędzielski (ophthalmologist), Henryk Hilarowicz (surgeon), Stanisław Mączewski (gynaecologist), Witold Nowicki (anatomicopathologist) along with his son, Tadeusz Ostrowski (surgeon) along with his wife, Stanisław Progulski (paediatrician) along with his son, Roman Rencki (general practitioner), Włodzimierz Sieradzki (court medic), Adam Sołowij (gynaecologist) along with his grandchildren [22]. According to S. Laskownicki, Professor W. Dobrzaniecki died because a replacement for him, docent Małys, was already chosen under the pressure of Ukrainians in 1940 [8]. This is how Dr. Zbigniewem Kostecki, former chairman of the Congress of Polonia in Germany, whose father was in professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki’s home during his arrest and was executed, recounts those tragic days: „My mother was a housekeeper of an eminent professor of surgery, Władysław Dobrzaniecki. He was a bachelor, aged 44, lived in a posh 8-bedroom flat. Elegant, stylish. On that day, his friend, Tadeusz Tapkowski, a lawyer with PnD in law, came around. My mother, as I already mentioned, was his housekeeper, and my father came to take her home or to visit her. Suddenly, German police entered and wanted to take everybody with them because they had been given an order to do so. My mother was seven month pregnant with me. The sight of her pregnancy softened the heart of the Gestapo member in charge of the soldiers. My wife is pregnant as well, he said to my mother and told her to hide. But the men were driven away. The following day, in the Wólka Hills, they were separated: the servants were told to go to the left, and professors – to the right. My father did not know the German language, he was mistaken for a professor, maybe he was dressed too well. He didn’t manage to explain the mistake, they wouldn’t listen to him. That’s how he was put in front of the firing squad. My mother learnt about that from the surviving witnesses. I was born two months later, and I have to say that murder left a mark on me. From my early childhood, mum would endlessly talk about those events and about the beauty of Lviv...” [23]. The arrests were continuation of the campaign conducted by Germans against Polish elites; irrespective of German intentions, the arrests undoubtedly fitted in with Ukrainian nationalists’ genocidal plans to „cleanse” the „primevally Ukrainian” land of the „foreign” element in order to build the „Samostijna” (Independent Ukraine). There were also purely material motivations behind the murder, with all kinds of valuables stolen during the arrests and flats and houses seized. The flat of Professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki was occupied by a Ukrainian doctor, Wrzeciono – a brother of the commandant of the Ukrainian police in Lviv [24]. Despite his short professional life, Professor W. Dobrzaniecki left behind quite a collection of scientific papers printed in various Polish and foreign journals in the Polish, English, French, German and Italian languages. The author is a proud owner of a copy of his work in the Italian language “Sulla resezione della mandibola e sua restaurazione” published in Archivo Italiano Chirurgia in 1933 (Fig. 3.). The copy has a handwritten dedication by the author to Dr. A. Musiał. The doctor was found out to be Albin Musiał, ophthalmologist and head at the Saint Zofia Children Hospital in Lviv [4, 5, 25]. Tomasz Cieszyński writes in his work that of the important documents about Professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki, only a collection of his articles survived and is, as stated by the author of the 1990 „Album Chirurgów Polskich” (Album of Polish surgeons), in possession of (late) Professor Z. Jeziora [3, 26]. The author probably had access to that collection, hence he gives the exact number of printed papers and their list. The list does not include the work from 1942, which came out after the professor had been murdered and probably was not part of the collection of papers: Dobrzaniecki W, Haak E. Meningocele spinalis traumatica spuria. Ann Surg., 1942; 116(1): 150–153 [27]. null Of the 66 items, 26 papers are dedicated to issues related to the head and neck [3]: 1. Modyfikacja plastyki odstających uszu [Modification of the plastic surgery of protrusive ears]. Pol Gaz Lek, 1925; 4(35–36): 753–757. 2. Modyfikacja operacji wytwórczej uszu odstających [Modification of the plastic surgery of protrusive ears]. Pol Przegl Chir, 1925; 4: 126. 3. Modification de l’operation plastique des oreilles ecartees. Paris Chirurgical, 1926; 5: 191. 4. Rzadsze schorzenia chirurgiczne nosowej części gardła jako też sposoby leczenia tychże [Less common surgical diseases of the nasal area of the throat as well as ways of treating them]. Pol Przegl Chir, 1927; 6(3): 410. 5. Ein Beitrag zur Pathologie und Chirurgie des Epipharynx. Zrtb Chir, 1926; 53(46): 2898–2904. 6. Postępowanie przy leczeniu czyraków a w szczególności czyraków twarzy [Procedure for treating furuncles, in particular face furuncles]. Prakt Lek, 1927; 1: 44. 7. O tzw. aktinomykoma policzka [On so-called chick actinomycosis]. Pol Gaz Lek, 1927; 6(41): 768–770. 8. Uber das sogenannte Aktinomycom der Wange. Schweiz Med. Wchschr, 1928; 51: 1261. 9. Chirurgia plastyczna i estetyczna twarzy [Plastic and aesthetic surgery of the face]. Pol Gaz Lek, 1928; 7(28): 519–524. 10. Chirurgie plastique et esthetique du visage. Paris Chirurgical, 1928; 20: 129. 11. Cieszyński A., Dobrzaniecki W.: Dwa przypadki nowotworów żuchwy w okolicy brody. Zastąpienie ubytków kości po operacji przyrządami ortopedycznymi i droga plastyki [Two cases of mandible tumours in the chin area. Replacing post- -surgery bone loss with orthopaedic appliances and the path of plastic surgery]. Polska Dentystyka, 1929; 7(1). 12. Sur les anomalies rares des oreilles et le traitement operatoire de certaines d’elles. Ann d’Maladies de l’oreille, du larynx, du nez et du pharynx, 1929; 48(10): 998–1003. 13. Nowsze zabiegi wytwórcze w zakresie ruchomej części nosa [Newer plastic surgery procedures on the moveable part of the nose]. Pol Przegl Chir, 1929; 8(3): 342–348. 14. Restoration of the sub-septal portion of the nose. Ann Surg, 1929; 90(7): 974–977. 15. La restauration de la sous cloison du nez par une methode combinee. Paris Chirur, 1929; 21: 207. 16. Plastyki twarzy [Plastic surgery of the face]. Pol Stom., 1931; 9: 271. 17. Plastic surgery of the face. Revue Chirur Plastique, 1931; 3: 1–19. 18. Rozpoznawanie i leczenie świeżych złamań nosa [Diagnosis and treatment of recent nose fractures]. Praktyk Lek, 1931; 5: 40. 19. Dobrzaniecki W, Michałowski E.: Influence de la suppression de l’excretion de la parotide sur la glycoregulation. Lyon Chirur, 1931; 28(5): 571–579. 20. Ostrowski T., Dobrzaniecki W.: Paralysie faciale peripherique traitee par la gangliectomie cervicale. J Chirurgie Par, 1935; 45: 16–29. 21. Ostrowski T., Dobrzaniecki W.: Obwodowe porażenie nerwu twarzowego leczone przez wycięcie szyjnego zwoju współczulnego [Peripheral paralysis of the facial nerve treated by cutting out the cervical sympathetic ganglion]. Pol Przegl Chir, 1935; 14(6): 793–799. 22. Sulla resezione della mandibola e sua restaurazione. Archivo Ital Chirurgia, 1933; 35(2): 207–217. 23. Dobrzaniecki W., Sowiakowski J.: Les tumeurs de l’orbite. J Chirurgie, 1933; 42(2): 201–221. 24. Le nez bull-dog. J Chirurgie, 1936; 48: 191. 25. Dobrzaniecki W., Stankiewicz S.: Nowotwór szyji wychodzący z pnia współczulnego (neuroma gangliecellulare) u 2-letniego dziecka [Neck tumour coming out of the sympathetic trunk (neuroma gangliecellulare) in a two-year-old child]. Pol Stom Przeg Dent, 1936; 14: 1. 26. Tumeur du cou et du mediastin anterieur de provenance sympatique (ganglioneurome). J Chirurgie, 1936; 48: 785. The tiles of these articles show that the main subject was plastic surgery, both aesthetic and reconstructive one after extensive oncological operations. Profesor Władysław Dobrzaniecki continuously developed his scientific and professional skills, passed on his expertise to other doctors. During nearly 5 years of being a head (1936–1941), the professor educated 17 surgeons who later held managerial positions in the country and abroad [25]. As there are few memories left about Professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki, let me cite, after Professor T. Cieszyński, the memories of those who remembered him: „As reported by many people who knew him directly, Professor Dobrzaniecki showed a huge charisma and profound spirituality. Surgery was the passion of his life. His always active approach to the issues of surgery and scientific research rubbed off on others and were a strong stimulating factor. As far as his other interests were concerned, dramatics and music were his favourite” [3]. We should add to those memories that W. Dobrzaniecki was of average height, well-built, had very dark hair, green eyes shaded by long black lashes, beautifully defined dark eyebrows and a nice, straight nose (Fig. 4.). He was very clever, ambitious and hard-working [8].
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny; 2021, 10, 2; 1-5
2084-5308
2300-7338
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
40th anniversary (1980–2020) of the establishment of the Oncological Section of the Polish Society of Otorhinolaryngologists of Head and Neck Surgeons
Autorzy:
Bruzgielewicz, Antoni
Osuch-Wójcikiewicz, Ewa
Kaczmarczyk, Dariusz
Niemczyk, Kazimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399275.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
history of medicine
oncological section
otorhinolaryngology
Opis:
The Oncology Section of the Polish Society of Otorhinolaryngologists of Head and Neck Surgeons is one of the oldest sections of the PSOHNS. It was established by a resolution of the General Meeting of the PSOHNS in Poznań on September 22, 1980 upon request of prof. Stanisław Iwankiewicz, who became its Chairman. On December 12, 1981, the 1st Conference of the Section was held in Wrocław. The overarching theme of the conference was laryngeal cancer. During its 40 years of existence, the Oncology Section organized 3 conferences and 17 symposia, bringing pride to the entire Society, and promoted the latest scientific trends in the approach to head and neck cancer. With the development of basic sciences, genetic and molecular tests as well as new diagnostic and therapeutic methods, the topics of meetings gradually expanded to include new sections and issues in ENT oncology.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny; 2020, 9, 4; 17-22
2084-5308
2300-7338
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przybory higieniczne używane na ziemiach polskich w pradziejach
Polish Prehistorie Toiletries
Autorzy:
Cybulska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530744.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Historii Filozofii i Medycyny
Tematy:
historia medycyny
medycyna w pradawna
historia higieny
history of medicine
ancient medicine
history of hygiene
Opis:
Zabytki znajdowane przez archeologów podczas prac wykopaliskowych pozwalają rzucić trochę światła na zabiegi higieniczne w pradziejach, w epoce brązu i żelaza. Do przyborów higieny osobistej należą: grzebienie, brzytwy, pęsetki, nożyce, zwierciadła. Są one świadectwem, że ludność terenów Polski stosowała wiele zabiegów higienicznych, zapewne z chęci osiągnięcia lepszego wyglądu i ze względów zdrowotnych. Z monografii, materiałów i sprawozdań archeologicznych dowiadujemy się o chronologii, typologii i funkcji tych przedmiotów. Przyjmuje się, że przybory toaletowe znajdowane w grobach na cmentarzyskach wczesno dziej owych odzwierciedlają status zmarłego w danej społeczności i jego stan posiadania. Przybory higieniczne obok funkcji użytkowej były wykorzystywane w obrzędach i praktykach magicznych, służyły także za amulety.
Relics found by archaeologists during excavations shed some light on hygienic procedures in prehistoric times, in the Bronze and Iron Age. Personal hygiene accessories include: combs, razors, tweezers, scissors and mirrors. It can be concluded that the people inhabiting the Polish territory used a number of hygienic procedures with the view to improve health and appearance. Monographs, archaeological materials and reports reveal chronology, typology and functions o f such toiletries. The objects found in graves in cemeteries from early historical period may reflect the status of the deceased in a given community and their wealth. Hygienic accessories, besides their practical function, were also used during various ceremonies, magical practices and served as amulets.
Źródło:
Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny; 2010, 73; 13-18
0860-1844
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nonsens i lekarz bastard. Anna Tomaszewicz-Dobrska (1854–1918)
Nonsense and a bastard: Anna Tomaszewicz-Dobrska (1854–1918)
Autorzy:
Urbanik-Kopeć, Alicja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1396345.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-06-30
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów
Tematy:
emancypacja
historia medycyny
historia ginekologii
edukacja kobiet
emancipation
history of medicine
history of gynaecology
women’s education
Opis:
The article concerns the life and work of Anna Tomaszewicz-Dobrska, the first woman practising medicine in the Kingdom of Poland. Her character, although indisputably important for the history of medicine and the history of emancipation, is little known. The only biography of Tomaszewicz-Dobrska, written by Zbigniew Filar, was published in 1959. In addition to presenting facts from her life, the article raises issues related to the pioneers of medical studies from today’s Poland, the situation of female students at foreign universities in the 19th century, as well as the state of medical knowledge in the field of reproductive health at that time.
Źródło:
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki; 2020, 29, 1; 153-197
1509-0957
Pojawia się w:
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 80

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