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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 899
Tytuł:
Distribution of Heavy Metal Fractions in Sewage Sludge from a Selected Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant
Autorzy:
Wojciula, Ada
Boruszko, Dariusz
Kacprzak, Amadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
sewage sludge
heavy metals
heavy metal fraction
Opis:
Sewage sludge used for reclamation of egraded areas or in agriculture must have a certain total heavy metal content, as required by law. In practice, however, it is important to carry out a fractional analysis of the elements contained in the sludge. This activity allows to determine the chemical form of a given metal, thanks to which it is possible to assess the assimilability of elements by plants. The study proved that the fraction of certain metals in sewage sludge can vary depending on the period studied. The combination of elements with other compounds in sludge from one treatment plant can vary from month to month. Once analysis has been carried out, it should not be the basis for assessing the bioavailability of metals if sludge from a given treatment plant were to be sampled several times a year.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2021, 23; 369--383
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Heavy Metal Fraction Content in Sewage Sludge from Selected Wastewater Treatment Plants
Autorzy:
Wojciula, Ada
Boruszko, Dariusz
Pajewska, Gabriela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839655.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
sewage sludge
heavy metals
heavy metal fraction
Opis:
Assessment of the assimilability of elements contained in sewage sludge can only be carried out if their fractions, by means of which the chemical form of the element can be identified, are determined. The total content of heavy metals only makes it possible to determine whether the sludge meets the legal requirements and can be used, inter alia, for reclamation, in agriculture or for the adaptation of land to specific needs that result from waste management plans. Therefore, when planning the agricultural use of sewage sludge, attention should be paid above all to the heavy metal fractions contained in it. This is due to the fact that plants do not assimilate every form of element to the same extent. The research and analysis carried out indicate that the metals were most closely related to fractions IV and III, for example they formed connections with silicates, as well as sulphides and organic matter. The metal forms available to plants occupied a small percentage of the total heavy metal content. It was noted that with the metastable fraction of lead increased along with population equivalent. Furthermore, the population equivalent value did not affect the distribution of individual heavy metal fractions in the sludge.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 4; 98-105
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heavy Metals in Soils
Autorzy:
Draszawka-Bołzan, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1153848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
heavy metals
soils
Opis:
For the purposes of this Issue Paper, metals most commonly found at Superfund sites will be discussed in terms of the processes affecting their behavior in soils, as well as in those of the laboratory methods available to evaluate this behavior. The retention capacity of soil will also be discussed with regard to the movement of metals between the other environmental compartments: ground water, surface water, or the atmosphere. Long-term changes in soil environmental conditions, due to the effects of remediation systems or to natural weathering processes, are also explained with respect to the enhanced mobility of metals in soils.
Źródło:
World News of Natural Sciences; 2015, 2; 20-37
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:
World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Leaching of heavy metals from monolithic waste
Autorzy:
Mizerna, K.
Król, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
heavy metals
leaching heavy metals
metale ciężkie
wymywanie metali ciężkich
Opis:
Leaching of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni and Cr) from hazardous waste originating from steel works (slag) has been investigated. Contaminant leaching behavior from monolithic waste materials in the function of time was examined. There was established the cumulative leaching of elements per surface area of waste material and the impact of the duration of the leachant contact with the waste on the leachability. The types of processes accompanying the release of heavy metals were determined as well. Surface wash-off and dissolution were dominant processes during the leaching of the analyzed elements. Chromium was the only element whose release from the sample was controlled by diffusion when subjected to leaching in a liquid of pH 7. Due to the low levels of heavy metal leaching in relation to their concentrations in the samples, it seems that longer duration of the tank test can contribute to the release of additional amounts of the heavy metals.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 4; 143-158
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metale ciężkie - korzyści i zagrożenie dla zdrowia i środowiska
Heavy metals – Benefits and hazards for the health and the environment
Autorzy:
Kondej, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/180493.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
metale ciężkie
zatrucie metalami ciężkimi
heavy metals
poisoning by heavy metals
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia dotyczące występowania metali ciężkich w środowisku życia i pracy człowieka. Scharakteryzowano wybrane metale ciężkie niezbędne dla zdrowia człowieka oraz toksyczne metale ciężkie. Opisano objawy zatrucia wybranymi metalami ciężkimi oraz sposoby zapobiegania im.
This paper presents issues related to heavy metals in residential and occupational environments. It characterizes both heavy metals essential for good health and toxic heavy metals. Symptoms of toxicological effects are presented and prevention of heavy metal poisoning is discussed.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2007, 2; 25-27
0137-7043
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heavy metals in circulation biogeochemical
Autorzy:
Cyraniak, Emil
Draszawka – Bołzan, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1194079.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
biogeochemical
circulation
heavy metals
Opis:
Heavy metals can come from two types of sources: natural and anthropogenic. Natural origin of heavy metals associated with: volcanic eruptions, weathering of rocks, processes soil - creative, forest fires or evaporation of the oceans. Anthropogenic sources of pollution these elements is primarily the burning of fuels, both in power and heating plants and power plants as well as regional and local municipal boiler houses, as well as in the home. In addition to the natural environment gets heavy metals as a result of non-ferrous metals and iron, waste incineration and transport. The rapid development of technology and the changes that are occurring in the world today largely affect on the environment. One of the primary sources of pollution of the biosphere are industrial plants, which emit both gaseous substances (eg. Carbon monoxide, sulfur and nitrogen) and dust, containing all sorts of toxic substances. For the serious consequences of the development of civilization and industry should be spread include heavy metals [6]. Included in the atmosphere, dust and heavy metals fall to the ground parts of plants and enters the soil. Shall be collected by the roots of plants or animals grazing on the roads and thus incorporated into the food chain. These elements are not biodegradable.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2014, 6; 10-16
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The school performance of boys from rural schools in Lower Silesia in the light of lead concentration in blood
Osiągnięcia szkolne chłopców z Dolnego Śląska w świetle stężenia ołowiu we krwi
Autorzy:
Żurek, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178966.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
heavy metals
school performance
Opis:
Research conducted in many research centers all over the world indicate health threats resulting from the presence of lead in the blood gradually decreases to the permissible amount. Lead accumulation in a living organism results in adverse changes in different body systems, symptoms of which include various behavioral changes. They can be reflected in grades obtained by the child at school. The aim of this paper was to establish whether the blood lead level diversify the boys in the respect of their school performance during consecutive years of primary education. The amount of lead in blood of 94 boys at the age of 10 has been measured; subsequently, the group of subjects was divided into two subgroups; the first one (termed in this paper „L”) comprised students whose Pb-B level was lower than 6 μg/dl (4,846 μg/dl on average) and the second one (termed „H”) comprised boys whose blood level exceeded 6 μg/dl (9,256 μg/dl on average). Academic performance in the arts, scientific subjects, geography and natural science in respective groups was assessed. Said procedure was replicated in respective subgroups after a year when the subjects were 11 years old. It was ascertained that the academic performance of the boys with higher blood lead levels deteriorated in scientific subjects and tended to worsen also in other school subject groups. Performance of the students whose blood lead level was lower in the initial examination remained unchanged or improved.
Badania podejmowane w wielu ośrodkach naukowych na całym świecie, wskazujące na zagrożenia zdrowotne wynikające z obecności ołowiu we krwi, zaowocowały stopniowym obniżeniem dopuszczalnej zawartości tego metalu ciężkiego w organizmie. Konsekwencją jego kumulacji są bowiem niekorzystne zmiany obserwowane w układach wewnętrznych, których jednym z przejawów są m.in. różnego rodzaju zmiany behawioralne. Mogą one przekładać się na oceny uzyskiwane przez dziecko w szkole. Celem niniejszej pracy było określenie czy poziom ołowiu we krwi różnicuje chłopców pod kątem ich osiągnięć szkolnych w kolejnych latach kształcenia w szkole podstawowej. Wykonano pomiar zawartości ołowiu we krwi 94 chłopców 10-letnich, a następnie całą grupę badanych podzielono na dwie podgrupy; pierwszą (zwana umownie „N”), w której znaleźli się uczniowie, których poziom Pb-B był mniejszy niż 6 μg/dl (średnio 4,84 μg/dl) i drugą (W) o zawartości ołowiu we krwi przekraczającej ten poziom (średnio 9,25 g/dl). Wgrupach tych oceniono osiągnięcia w nauce z przedmiotów humanistycznych, ścisłych oraz geograficzno-przyrodniczych. Procedurę tę w wyodrębnionych podgrupach powtórzono w kolejnym roku, a więc wśród 11-latków, Wśród chłopców o wyższej zawartości ołowiu we krwi stwierdzono istotne obniżenie się wyników w nauce przedmiotów ścisłych oraz tendencję do obniżania się ocen z pozostałych grup przedmiotów. Uczniowie, których poziom ołowiu we krwi był niższy w badaniu wyjściowym utrzymali lub podnieśli poziom swoich osiągnięć szkolnych.
Źródło:
Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine; 2012, 15, 1; 27-31
1505-7054
2084-6312
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effectiveness of removing heavy metals by bacteria from water solutions
Autorzy:
Loc, N.T.B
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/395815.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
bakteria
metale ciężkie
usuwanie metali ciężkich
bacteria
heavy metals
removing heavy metals
Opis:
The research on the effectiveness of removing heavy metals from water solutions by bacteria was carried out at the laboratory of the Institute of Environmental Engineering of the University of Zielona Góra in 2007-2008. The research covered bacterial strains isolated from sludge, soil and water. The tests concerned the effect of 3 heavy metals: Pb (0,1%), Cu (0,1%) and Zn (0,1%). The results prove that due to the presence of heavy metals, the size of colonies was much lowered in comparison with the control pan. Some of the strains, reader doesnt know numbers in the 0,1% concentration of Cu and Zn in the culture scale. It turns out that this concentration was completely hazardous with respect to the growth of those bacterial strains. Considering all the heavy metals under analysis, it was found that Cu had the most hazardous effect on the growth of 4 bacterial strains, then Zn and Pb. Under the influence of 4 bacterial strains, the content of the metals that after 7-day long incubation remained is different depending on metal and bacterial strain. Removing Heavy Metals by bacteria from Water solutions heavy metals by bacteria from water solutions: Pb (34,38%), then Cu (29,69%) and Zn (21,88%). The content of the heavy metals removing by 4 strains was from 65,62% to 78,12%. The biggest amount removing was for Zn (78,12%) and the smallest for Zn (65,62%).
Źródło:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2010, 5; 263-272
2080-5187
2450-8594
Pojawia się w:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anthropogenic sediments from facultative lagoons of the Konstancin - Jeziorna sewage treatment facility and their usability for soil recultivation
Autorzy:
Kostrz-Sikora, P.
Bojakowska, I.
Wołkiewicz, S.
Dobek, P.
Lech, D.
Narkiewicz, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184200.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
anthropogenic soils
heavy metals
revitalization
Opis:
The sewage treatment facility of a paper mill at Konstancin-Jeziorna was opened to process industrial and domestic wastewater. After closure of that mill, the sewage treatment facility had to be rebuilt and modernized. Therefore, it was necessary to analyse the chemical and phase composition of the sediments from facultative lagoons used for biological treatment of wastewater. Eight samples of sediments were taken to identify a general phase composition by X-ray diffraction and ten to determine concentrations of selected main and trace elements with the use of ICP-AES and AMA methods.The analyses showed that the sediments consisted of over 90% of mineral fraction, mainly kaolinite, calcite, and quartz and also neomorphic smithsonite. They contained low quantities of Hg, Cd, Co and Mo, and elevated concentrations of Zn, Ba, Mn and Sr. Comparisons of the obtained mean values with admissible concentrations of metals, as defined by Regulation of the Minister of Environment of 9 September 2002, showed that the mean concentrations of As, Sn, Co, Mo and Ni (and also of Hg and Cr in the southern lagoon) met quality standards for soils in areas under protection (group A). Mean concentrations of Pb (both lagoons), Ba, Cu, Cd (northern lagoon) as well as Cr and Hg (southern lagoon) in sediments are higher. However, they still meet standards for areas usable for agricultural and other purposes (group B). The highest concentrations were recorded for Zn, Cd, Cu and Ba in samples from the southern lagoon. These continued to be lower than all the limits acceptable for industrial areas.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2015, 41, 2; 177-185
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chromium in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
Autorzy:
Gołąbek, Tomasz
Socha, Katarzyna
Kudelski, Jacek
Darewicz, Barbara
Markiewicz-Zukowska, Renata
Chłosta, Piotr
Borawska, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987066.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
chromium
bladder cancer
heavy metals
Opis:
Introduction and objectives. Many epidemiological and experimental studies report a strong role of chemical carcinogens in the etiology of bladder cancer. However, the involvement of heavy metals in tumourigenesis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder has been poorly investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between chromium (Cr) and bladder cancer. Materials and methods. Chromium concentration in two 36-sample series of bladder cancer tissue and sera from patients with this neoplasm were matched with those of a control group. The amount of trace elements in every tissue sample was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. This was correlated with tumour stage. Results. While the median chromium concentration levels reached statistically higher values in the bladder cancer tissue, compared with the non-cancer tissue (99.632ng/g and 33.144ng/g, respectively; p<0.001), the median Cr levels in the sera of the patients with this carcinoma showed no statistical difference when compared to those of the control group (0.511μg/l and 0.710μg/l, respectively; p=0.408). The median levels of Cr in the bladder tissue, depending on the stage of the tumour, compared with the tissue without the neoplasm, observed the same relationship for both non-muscle invasive and muscleinvasive tumours (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). Conclusions. This study shows that patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder had higher tissue Cr levels than people without tumour, while no difference was found in the Cr serum levels between the two groups of patients under investigation.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2017, 24, 4
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heavy metals in tundra plants of the Bellsund in West Spitsbergen, investigated in the years 1987-1995
Autorzy:
Jóźwik, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2052450.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctica
Spitsbergen
plants
heavy metals
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2000, 21, 1; 43-54
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Scale of pollutions with heavy metals in water and sediment of River Ibër from landfill in Kelmend, Kosovo
Autorzy:
Kadriu, Sadija
Sadiku, Milaim
Kelmendi, Mensur
Mulliqi, Ismet
Aliu, Mehush
Hyseni, Arbër
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89156.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Wydział Geoinżynierii, Górnictwa i Geologii. Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
river
waters
sediments
heavy metals
Opis:
Pollution with heavy metals and waters in Mitrovica with surroundings, both in the past and in present days, is a preoccupation for the citizens of Mirtovica, as well as for the other inhabitants living around it. Such a problem has been a concern which still continues for a number of researchers who have been dealing with this issue, and who still continue to be preoccupied with the issue of heavy metal (habitat) pollution in this part of Kosovo. Heavy metal's contamination of the environment's main components, dates back to the 1970s/90s to this date. This pollution, especially of the rivers, is due to the industrial activity taking place in the Trepça Combine and the presence of industrial landfill sites of this Combine near the flow of two main rivers: the Sitnica and Ibër River waters, in the city of Mitrovica. The focus of our study, this time consists solely in the research and illumination of pollution with these heavy metals and waterworks of the Ibër River, as a result of the pollution caused by the industrial waste landfill located in Kelmend village. In the paper, we have attempted to show the concentration of heavy metals in sediment and water, by pointing at four sample sites of the Ibër river: in the Bosniak U1 neighborhood, then in the flow in front the U2 landfill, discharge flows from landfill U3 and a certain distance from the U4 landfill.
Źródło:
Mining Science; 2019, 26; 147-155
2300-9586
2353-5423
Pojawia się w:
Mining Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Soil Pollution in the Azov Territories of Rostov-on-Don and Taganrog
Autorzy:
Zabaikin, Yuri V.
Lyutyagin, Dmitry V.
Yashin, Vladimir P.
Yashina, Valentina I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955493.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
soil
pollution
heavy metals
Azov
Opis:
The research on the topic of the dissertation was carried out within the coastal (southern) part of the Azov oblique dissected accumulative-denudated plain and the coastal strip of the coast of the Sea of Azov, as well as the valleys of the lower reaches of the Don and Kalmius rivers. The research area covered the modern territory of Taganrog and Rostov-on-Don cities and a suburban area up to 15-20 km away from the borders of these cities. According to the materials of the USSR soil map, as well as modern schemes of soil zoning in Russia, the study area covers the distribution area of ordinary chernozems and partially southern low-humus chernozems on loess rocks. The main zonal soil studied was ordinary chernozem. Ordinary warm chernozems with a short freezing period, belonging to the Azov-Ciscaucasian province of powerful and super-powerful chernozems, predominate in the soil cover of the Azov inclined plain, extending from the Donets Ridge to the shores of the Sea of Azov and the lower Don River.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 8; 165-171
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Binding of Industrial Deposits of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in the Soil by 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane
Autorzy:
Grzesiak, P.
Łukaszyk, J.
Schroeder, G.
Kurczewska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778689.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
nanotechnology
heavy metals
soil stabilization
Opis:
The results of the research studies concerning binding of heavy metals and arsenic (HM+As), occurring in soils affected by emissions from Głogów Copper Smelter and Refinery, by silane nanomaterial have been described. The content of heavy metals and arsenic was determined by AAS and the effectiveness of heavy metals and arsenic binding by 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane was examined. The total leaching level of impurities in those fractions was 73.26% Cu, 74.7% – Pb, 79.5% Zn, 65.81% – Cd and 55.55% As. The studies demonstrated that the total binding of heavy metals and arsenic with nanomaterial in all fractions was about as follows: 20.5% Cu, 9.5% Pb, 7.1% Zn, 25.3% Cd and 10.89% As. The results presented how the safety of food can be cultivated around industrial area, as the currently used soil stabilization technique of HM by soil pH does not guarantee their stable blocking in a sorptive complex.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2014, 16, 2; 12-15
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Vermicomposting on the Concentration of Heavy Metals in Soil with Drill Cuttings
Autorzy:
Kujawska, Justyna
Wójcik-Oliveira, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123685.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
drill cuttings
vermicomposting
heavy metals
Opis:
Organic and non-organic pollution present in the drilling waste may negatively impact flora and fauna. The tests conducted on earthworms may serve as indicators for the assessment of pollution bioavailability, i.a. heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, due to the relatively stable ratios between the concentration of certain pollutants in earthworms and soil. Moreover, earthworms are capable of metal bioaccumulation in tissues; therefore, they can be utilized as an ecological indicator of soil pollution. The studies on bioaccumulation of heavy metals from soils with the addition of drilling wastes in tissues of earthworms were conducted. The reduction percentage (R) of each scenario was calculated for the total concentration of all heavy metals. As data showed, all heavy metal content was reduced from its initial concentration.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 1; 152-157
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 899

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