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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Obciążenia fiskalne rodzin w Polsce na tle państw UE
    Fiscal burden of Polish families in comparison to the EU member states
    Autorzy:
    Russel, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11541876.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
    Tematy:
    fiscal burdens
    direct taxes
    indirect taxes
    tax reliefs
    family
    fertility rate
    Opis:
    The paper discusses selected issues related to fiscal burden placed on the Polish families in light of concerns over Poland’s falling fertility rate which belongs to the lowest in the UE and the world. The author claims that one of the major reasons for that is an inefficient support to the families with children. This article analyses whether the fiscal system in Poland distinguishes people who bear significant costs associated with raising children. It presents Poles’ tax burden on labour income through the example of the largest group of taxpayers paying taxes under the relevant income tax scale, the scope of direct financial support to Polish families, as well as their fiscal burden associated with direct taxes.
    Źródło:
    Studia BAS; 2016, 1(45); 113-133
    2080-2404
    2082-0658
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia BAS
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Społeczno-kulturowe aspekty zmian dzietności i ich konsekwencje dla rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego
    Economic Development and Social Development. Socio‑cultural Aspects of Fertility Changes and their Consequences
    Autorzy:
    Michalski, Michał A.
    Isański, Jakub
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652614.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    -
    fertility rate
    socio‑cultural context of economic changes
    family
    economy
    development
    Opis:
    Thesis: Present‑day radical fertility changes are determined by socio‑cultural factors and will have consequences for the economy and its development potential. Current changes in the fertility rate in Poland are the subject of many discussions and arguments. It means that, among the challenges for researchers, firstly, they have to understand the background to this issue and identify the factors influencing procreative decisions. Secondly, they should demonstrate how population growth changes and will change society, and the economy in particular. Our paper analyzes the mentioned research problem by engaging tools from sociology and cultural studies to examine the influence of norms, values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviours on the changing level of birth rate and its economic consequences for the current and future functioning of the social order. The purpose of the analyses is to deepen and compare the results of findings from such disciplines as demography, statistics and economics, and present them against a background of socio‑cultural transformations, which seem to be very important in the context of Polish females and males making procreative decisions. Additionally, the paper presents links between fertility and economic development, which often seem to be ignored or underestimated.
    -
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 1
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O potrzebie intensyfikacji badań nad strukturami demograficznymi rodzin na ziemiach polskich do początku XX wieku
    On the Need to Intensify the Research on the Demographic Structures of Families in Polish Lands until the Beginning of the 20th Century
    Autorzy:
    Kuklo, Cezary
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1367712.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    family
    fertility rate
    household
    village
    town
    Polska
    the 16th–20th centuries
    Opis:
    The article brings out a special attention paid by historians and demographers to the smallest demographic and social unit after the second world war. It resulted from the will to understand the transformation of the whole society in the past, which to a certain degree became possible thanks to the analyses of the ancient family structures, including the changes they had undergone and the trends that had been identified. Against the background of the basic achievements of the West-European historiography of historical demography, the author also emphasises a significant development of the Polish research in this sphere, yet he notices that it has been achieved mainly by the efforts of individual researchers, hardly linked to any institution. Generally speaking, in spite of some revival of the last 30 years the knowledge of the basic biological function of the family, i.e. fertility, is still not satisfactory. That is why the author stresses the need to intensify research on demographic structures of families in Polish lands from the beginning of the 20th century and presents its programme. At the same time he underlines that now some former restrictions, which somehow hindered Polish research in which L. Henry’s method was used, have disappeared. At the moment, there are no bigger obstacles to track down hundreds of register books of births, deaths, marriages and baptisms, as well as marriage records of the 19th century. What is more, in the era of laptops and other digital carriers, there are no restrictions as far as equipment is concerned; information may be collected and processed in no time. The author reminds that for the last 25 years there have appeared only a few valuable studies on the basic biological function of the family, its fertility (inter alia Cezary Kuklo, Krzysztof Makowski, Agnieszka Zielińska). The article indicates that future studies on demographic and historical statistics of the family should fall back on the research potential included in L. Henry’s method to a much wider degree. Thanks to a more common use of the method procreative attitudes of the inhabitants who lived in Polish lands before the end of the 19th century should become more wid ely known, and – at the same time – make it possible to answer the question whether the procreative strategies were conscious or not. Future investigations, according to the author, should also take into consideration the problem of mortality. In the presented research programme what has been strongly stressed is the postulate of a more detailed description of the smallest social cell through its socio-economic – as well as religious and ethnic – differentiation, wherever it is possible. The programme also takes into account the need to describe the relations between spouses and between parents and children, and other members of the ancient households.
    Źródło:
    Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski; 2015, 37, 1; 7-36
    0079-7189
    2719-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Selected socioeconomic factors co-occurring with high fertility rate in the OECD countries
    Autorzy:
    Murkowski, Radosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2100337.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    family policy
    total fertility rate
    employment ratio of women
    public social expenditure
    family
    Opis:
    This article presents the results of examining selected factors co-occurring with high fertility rates in developed countries. Selected OECD countries at a similar stage of demographic development have been subjected to analysis. Employing cluster analysis, the selected developed countries have also been identified according to the type of adopted family policy. It has been found that the developed countries which spend more on the family policy concerning GDP are generally characterised by higher fertility rates than those which spend less. In the light of those findings, the family-policy expenditures which allow women to reconcile professional work with raising children turned out to be particularly important. The fertility rate has also been found to correlate with labour market rates, with the level of women’s professional activity in particular. Moreover, in the developed countries the relatively high fertility rate is accompanied by low rates of young people who do not work or attend school and are not in vocational training, as well as a high rate of extramarital births.
    Źródło:
    Operations Research and Decisions; 2021, 31, 3; 89--108
    2081-8858
    2391-6060
    Pojawia się w:
    Operations Research and Decisions
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polska po Październiku ’56. Przewodnik statystyczny po życiu rodzinnym
    Autorzy:
    Chojnowski, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/608688.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    małżeństwo
    rodzina
    rozwody
    dzietność
    budownictwo mieszkaniowe
    praca kobiet
    marriage
    family
    divorce
    fertility rate
    housing construction
    women’s labour
    Opis:
    W Polsce od 1956 r. zachodziły istotne przeobrażenia. Ekipa Władysława Gomułki odeszła od stalinowskiego modelu sprawowania władzy, zrezygnowała z terroru jako metody rządzenia i poszerzyła zakres swobód politycznych. Najtrwalszą konsekwencją tego nowego kursu było porzucenie programu kolektywizacji rolnictwa, co pozwoliło przywrócić na wsi indywidualną własność ziemi. Odzyskał swą podmiotowość Kościół rzymskokatolicki, prześladowany w czasach stalinowskich.The events of the Polish October resulted in significant transformations occurring in Poland after 1956. Władysław Gomułka’s team departed from the Stalinist model of state, and from terror as the method of ruling, and broadened the scope of political freedoms. The longest-lasting consequence of this new line in politics was the abandonment of the process of collectivisation of agriculture, which made it possible for individual farming to be restored. The Roman Catholic Church, persecuted during the Stalinist period, regained its subjectivity.
    Źródło:
    Dzieje Najnowsze; 2017, 49, 3
    0419-8824
    Pojawia się w:
    Dzieje Najnowsze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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