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Tytuł:
Bisphenol A – Application, sources of exposure and potential risks in infants, children and pregnant women
Autorzy:
Mikołajewska, Karolina
Stragierowicz, Joanna
Gromadzińska, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177413.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-04-07
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
Bisphenol A
exposure
children
pregnant women
dietary exposure
neurodevelopment
Opis:
Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in the chemical industry as a monomer in the production of plastics. It belongs to a group of compounds that disturb some of the functions of human body, the endocrine system in particular. Extensive use of BPA in manufacturing products that come in contact with food increases the risk of exposure to this compound, mainly through the digestive tract. Literature data indicate that exposure to bisphenol A even at low doses may result in adverse health effects. The greatest exposure to BPA is estimated among infants, children and pregnant women. The aim of this review is to show potential sources of exposure to bisphenol A and the adverse health effects caused by exposure to this compound in the group of particular risk.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2015, 28, 2; 209-241
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Noise Exposure Levels of Priests and Worshippers in Protestant Churches
Autorzy:
Silva, L. F.
Cabral, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90659.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
noise
exposure
churches
worship
Opis:
Context. Worship in Protestant churches in Brazil is very noisy. Thus, this practice may pose a hearing risk. Aims. To evaluate the priests’ and worshippersʼ noise exposure during worship. Settings and design. The analysis was carried out in 5 churches located in the city of São José dos Campos, Brazil. Methods and material. To estimate the worshippers’ noise exposure, an author of this study was also submitted to dosimetry. The methodology was based on Fundacentro’s Occupational Hygiene Standard No. NHO-01 (2001). Weekly noise exposure was estimated according to the priest’s information about the number of services in the period. Results. The priest’s noise exposure was over the recommended limits. The normalized exposure level varied between 95.4 to 99.5 dB(A). In 2 of the churches, the noise exposure registered, with values of 85.3 and 86.5 dB(A), may also pose risk to the worshippers. Conclusions. Worship in the churches generated sound pressure levels that imply health risk, especially to priests, so hearing conservation programs with adequate acoustical sanitation measures must be implemented there.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 1; 79-86
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Noise at Workplaces in the Call Center
Autorzy:
Smagowska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177918.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
noise
exposure
call center
Opis:
In the last years the number of new forms of workplaces, such as call centers, increases. It is defined as a workstation where the basic tasks of a worker are carried out with the use of a phone and a computer. According to statistics, about 1.3–4% of workers are employed in call centers in the European countries. The noise is one of the harmful and annoying hazards of call center workstations. The paper presents the noise sources in call center rooms, assessment criteria of noise and results of noise measurements in call center workstations. The results of measurements show that the noise at call center workstations (during the use of handset receiver phone by operators) can be harmful (causing the risk of hearing loss) and annoying, as it makes it difficult to carry out the basic work activities and causes additionally auditory disadvantageous changes in health.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2010, 35, 2; 253-264
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Simultaneous Exposure to Benzene and Ethanol on Urinary Thioether Excretion
Autorzy:
Mikov, I.
Stankov, K.
Vasovic, V.
Mikov, A.
Golocorbin-Kon, S.
Mikov, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90193.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
benzene
ethanol
exposure
thioethers
Opis:
The toxicity of benzene is not an issue of the past, especially in developing countries. Bone marrow toxicity is demonstrated among workers. In this study, the effect of simultaneous exposure to benzene and ethanol on benzene metabolism in mice was investigated by measuring the excretion of thioethers in urine. Urinary thioether excretion significantly decreased in the mice receiving both benzene and ethanol compared with the animals receiving benzene only. The assay of determining thioethers in urine samples in this study is a simple and low-cost method, thus suitable for routine use, especially in developing countries, not only for benzene,but also for other alkilating agents, which can be found during occupational exposure. Our results suggest that further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of decreased urinary excretion of thioether after simultaneous exposure to benzene and ethanol.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 1; 107-111
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The presence of fungi in the interiors of libraries and the risk of exposure to mold of the Aspergillus genus - a preliminary study
Autorzy:
Gniadek, A.
Krzysciak, P.
Wrobel, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/6178.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
Tematy:
fungi
interior
library
risk
exposure
occupational exposure
mold
Aspergillus
worker
human health
Źródło:
Annals of Parasitology; 2016, 62, Suppl.
0043-5163
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Parasitology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ultrasonic Noise Sources in a Work Environment
Autorzy:
Smagowska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176626.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultrasonic noise
assessment
exposure
sources
Opis:
The use of ultrasonic energy has created versatile possibilities of their applications in many areas of life, especially in hydro location and underwater telecommunications, industry and medicine. The consequence of a widespread use of high intensity ultrasonics in technology is the increased number of people who are exposed to such ultrasonic noise. Therefore it is important to determine the types of machines and other devices that are responsible for the emission of ultrasonic noise (10-40 kHz of central frequencies of one-third octave bands) as harmful and annoying hazard in the work environment. This paper presents ultrasonic noise sources frequently used in industry and preventive measures reducing the exposure to ultrasonic noise. Two types of ultrasonic noise sources have been distinguished: machines and other devices used to carry out or improve production processes, the so-called technological sources and sources in which ultrasonic noise exists as a non-intentional result of operation of many machines and systems, the so-called non-technological sources of ultrasonic noise. The emission of SPL has been determined for each groups of devices based on own measurement results.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2013, 38, 2; 169-176
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measuring Exposure to High-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Experienced by a Helicopter Crew During Flight
Autorzy:
Michałowska, Joanna
Puzio, Łukasz
Tofil, Arkadiusz
Pytka, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36453924.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
electromagnetic
helicopter
exposure
high-frequency
Opis:
High-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) can have a negative effect on both the human body and electronic devices. Monitoring and measurement of the electromagnetic field generated by devices is important from the point of view of environmental protection, the human body and electromagnetic compatibility. In this study, we tested the value of the electromagnetic field strength determined by the NHT3DL by Microrad with measurement probes during flights in the Robinson R44 helicopter. The reference point for the results obtained were the normative limits of the electromagnetic field permitted to affect the crew and passengers during flight. The maximum RMS values recorded during the measurements were E = 4.399 V/m in the 100 kHz-6.5 GHz frequency band and for the magnetic component H = 2.829 A/m in the 300 kHz-30 MHz frequency band. These results were passed to the Statistica 13.3 software for a detailed stochastic analysis of the values tested.
Źródło:
Transactions on Aerospace Research; 2022, 1 (266); 59-65
0509-6669
2545-2835
Pojawia się w:
Transactions on Aerospace Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distribution of juniper stands and the impact of environmental parameters on growth in the drought-stressed forest-steppe zone of Central Anatolia
Autorzy:
Kahveci, G.
Alan, M.
Köse, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2077936.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
Dendrochronology
dendroecology
tree-ring width
exposure
Opis:
Juniper is one of the three main tree species in Central Anatolia, where it grows under extreme environmental conditions. Although dendrochronological studies of juniper are challenging because of cross-dating problems, these types of studies on long-lived tree species have the potential to provide long time series, which reflect changes in climatic conditions. Juniper has been neglected as a scientific research subject in Turkey due to degraded populations and low economic expectations. This study analysed the distribution and present state of Juniperus spp. (Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb., Juniperus oxycedrus L., and Juniperus foetidissima Willd.) stands and used dendrochronological data to examine relationships between growth and environmental parameters. We hypothesised that there may be differences in the radial growth of juniper in areas of different exposure in drought regions. During a field survey, we sampled 31 plots of 25 m × 20 m and data, including information on wood cores, were collected. For dendrochronological investigation, 95 wood cores were manually measured and cross-dated. Residual chronologies of tree-ring width series of juniper from four wind directions and regional chronology of Kirikkale and Ankara Province were provided and similarities between the chronologies were tested using Gleichläufigkeits test. The relationships be- tween climate parameters and growth were examined using a simple correlation analysis and multiple lin- ear regression model analysis in SAS 9.0 program and response function analysis in the DENROCLIM2002 program. The results of this study indicated that Juniperus spp. in Central Anatolia are sensitive to envi- ronmental parameters and mainly respond to changes in precipitation. Juniper show differences in radial growth in areas of different exposure in drought regions. We conclude that juniper may offer an excellent opportunity for large-scale dendrochronological and dendroecological studies in drought regions.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2018, 80; 61-69
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Noise Exposure of School Teachers – Exposure Levels and Health Effects
Autorzy:
Hadzi-Nikolova, M.
Mirakovski, D.
Zdravkovska, M.
Angelovska, B.
Doneva, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176362.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
teachers
school
noise
exposure
health effects
Opis:
Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences and Faculty of Medical Sciences starting from December 2012, launched joint study in order to investigate personal noise exposure and associated health effects in general school teachers population, starting from kindergartens up to high schools in Stip, Macedonia. In order to determine workplace associated noise exposure and associated health effects in this specific profession, a full shift noise exposure of 40 teachers from 1 kindergarten, 2 primary and 2 high schools were measured in real conditions using noise dosimeters. A-weighted equivalent-continuous sound pressure levels (L) of each teacher were recorded during single activities (classes). Normalized 8-hours exposure, termed the noise exposure level (Lex;8 h) was also computed. Daily noise dose is another descriptor for noise exposure that was determined as a measure of the total sound energy to which workers have been exposed, as a result of working in the varying noise levels. Health effects were assessed trough a full scale epidemiological study which included 231 teachers from the same schools. Specific questionnaire was used to extract information about subject’s perception on occupational noise exposure, as well as theirs occupational and medical history.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2013, 38, 2; 259-264
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Video-Based Observation Method to Assess Musculoskeletal Load in Kitchen Work
Autorzy:
Pehkonen, I.
Ketola, R.
Ranta, R.
Takala, E. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90868.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics
exposure
posture
force
repeatability
validity
Opis:
This paper describes a new video-based observation method aimed to assess musculoskeletal load in kitchen work, aspects of its repeatability and validity, and problems confronted by the observers. Two pairs of researchers observed individually 117 video clips recorded in kitchens. Interobserver repeatability was assessed by computing the proportion of agreement and weighted kappa values (κw). Validity was analyzed by studying the distribution of the assessments over the rating scales and the ratings before and after the interventions, which were compared with expert assessments made from the same intervention targets. The proportion of agreement ranged from 57 to 88%. Interobserver repeatability based on weighted kappa values was mainly good to moderate. The method detected the changes in physical load due to the interventions. Direction of the changes corresponded with the expert assessments. Further development of the method is needed to assess the load on the hands and wrists.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 1; 75-88
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human diet - exposure and risk assessment to consumer health
Autorzy:
Starski, A.
Kukielska, A.
Postupolski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085967.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
PAH
exposure
margin of exposure
total diet study
wielopierscieniowe weglowodory aromatyczne
WWA
dieta
Opis:
Background. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants, they are also present in food, in which their presence results from environmental pollution and food processing processes. Many compounds from this group, such as benzo(a)pyrene show important toxicity, including genotoxic carcinogenicity. In food heavier PAHs significantly toxic are observed. Objective. The aim of the study was assessment of consumers exposure to PAHs from the diet of surveyed respondents. The assessment of contaminants content in daily food rations is characterized by less uncertainty factor than the assessment based on data on the contamination of individual foodstuffs and their consumption by humans. Material and methods. Research material consisted of daily diets obtained from respondents participating in the study. Content of 22 PAHs (fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(c)fluorene, benz(a)anthracene, chrysene, 5-methylchrysene, perylene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(j)fluoranthene, benzo(e) pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(ghi)perylene, indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, dibenzo(a,e)pyrene, dibenzo(a,l)pyrene, dibenzo(a,h)pyrene, dibenzo(a,i)pyrene) in each of diets was tested using liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector. The samples were purified by saponification, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and solid phase extraction (SPE). Results. 52 respondents (n=52) took part in the study. The highest median of PAHs were found for pyrene (1.412 μg/ kg), phenantrene (1.276 μg/kg), fluorene (1.151 μg/kg) and fluoranthene (1.087 μg/kg), they were about 10-80 higher than the levels of heavier PAHs. In group of heavy PAHs quantitatively prevailed benzo(e)pyrene (0.109 μg/kg), benzo(b) fluroanthene (0.070 μg/kg), benzo(ghi)perylene (0.065 μg/kg) and perylene (0.059 μg/kg). Generally the median level of contamination with light PAHs was 6.045 μg/kg, while with heavy ones 0.504 μg/kg, in the case of the sum of 4 PAHs regulated in EU law content was 0.301 μg/kg. In the tested samples average 24% of the PAH content was pyrene, light PAHs with a lower toxicity potential accounted for 92% of the content of tested compounds. Sum of 4 regulated PAHs accounted for 58% of content compounds selected by the EU as significant for the assessment of food contamination by PAHs. The composition of the participants' diets was analyzed in terms of determining factors influencing on high levels of PAHs. They were high fat level and presence of smoked or grilled meat and fish products. The mean exposure to benzo(a)pyrene was 0.52 ng/kg b.w. per day, while for the sum of 4 PAHs 3.29 ng/ kg b.w. per day. For light PAHs high exposure was 90.6 ng/kg b.w. per day, while for heavy PAH it was 10.7 ng/kg b.w. per day. Risk assessment was performed by calculating the value of margin of exposure (MoE), which for benzo(a)pyrene and for sum of 4 PAHs were above 25,000 in both considered: mean and high exposure scenario. Conclusions. Studied diets were a source of exposure to PAHs. Higher levels have been reported for light, less toxic PAH as compared to heavy PAH. In both considered scenarios margin of exposure were >25 000. In case of studied diets no risk for consumer was found
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2021, 72, 3; 253-265
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Beyond complexities of co-operative values and principles: Developing a framework for lifestyle research and education
Autorzy:
Stocki, Ryszard Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969871.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
co-operative
lifestyle
exposure
isomorphism
agency
podmiotowość
Opis:
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The paper proposes a methodology to study individuals and their institutions by the study of their lifestyles. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: Following Wojtyla’s methodology of studying the person on the basis of his or her actions and conduct, I decided to use similar methodology to answer the question: Are the 19th century Co‑operative Values and Principles still pertinent in the complex economy of the 21st century, and, if so, how can we operationalise them to become vibrant guidelines not only in contemporary business, but also in improving our everyday lives? THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The overview of the research on lifestyle in ethnography, marketing, lifestyle and occupational medicine, and finally criminology shows that unlike values, lifestyle can more easily be operationalized and measured. We both expose our lifestyle and are exposed to the lifestyles of others. Some status‑based lifestyles spread like viruses creating a pandemic of consumerism. These product‑based lifestyles are in complete opposition to the person‑oriented co‑operative lifestyle. RESEARCH RESULTS: An Exposure Model of Lifestyle allows new conceptualization of the isomorphism research. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The agency based model of lifestyle may be used for constructing diagnostic tools and investigating the very essence of personal motives both in private and work life. This model is supposed to help to investigate to what degree an individual’s lifestyle impacts the functioning of a participative company and whether it is reflected in the company’s success.
Źródło:
Horyzonty Polityki; 2016, 7, 19; 77-106
2082-5897
Pojawia się w:
Horyzonty Polityki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vulnerability of Rural Areas to Climate Change – Analysis of Similar Units in Terms of Spatial Conditions for Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship
Autorzy:
Kocur-Bera, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124808.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
climate change
exposure
vulnerability
space's adaptive capacity
Opis:
In the current decade, the fact that climate change is a continuous process and that humans have been contributing to this change is indisputable. Therefore, the whole society and the decision-makers who guide the process of application of regional policy principles, are facing a challenge as to which measures need to be taken to minimise the consequences of this change. Although we live in a global world, it can be observed that interactions occur in each unit on an individual basis. As we have more and more knowledge and information on the space, we can indicate which units, regions and spaces have the greatest predisposition to be subject to climate change. Moreover, being aware of the level of risk, we can attempt to implement tools that will help society to accept climate change and properly adapt to it. A space’s predisposition to climate change is not only determined by the weather, environmental or geographical conditions. The literature on the subject indicates three basic determinants of the predisposition, i.e. the exposure, vulnerability and the adaptive capacity. Only all of these elements grouped together can provide an answer to the question about a unit’s predisposition. The article focuses on the indices which represent all three determinants of the predisposition. It should be noted that depending on the availability of data and their aggregation, there is no possibility of using the same indices for all countries. This, however, does not prevent the performance of a uniform analysis for spaces included in the same statistics. The article presents a case study for agricultural land in the province of Warmia and Mazury. Using Ward’s method, four subregions with similar determinants of the predisposition to climate change were distinguished. Three subregions stand out, as two of them have a significant impact of exposure (S.1) and vulnerability (S.2), while the third subregion dominates in terms of adaptive capacity (S.4).
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 6; 198-206
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multi-element analysis of urine using dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-DRC-MS) — A practical application
Autorzy:
Brodzka, Renata
Trzcinka-Ochocka, Małgorzata
Janasik, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2179785.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-04-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
metals
trace elements
exposure
urine
ICP-MS
Opis:
Objectives: The method for the determination of As, Al, Cd, Ni, Pb (toxic elements) and Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn (essential elements) in human urine by the use of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (quadrupole ICP-MS DRCe Elan, Perkin Elmer) with the dynamic reaction cell (DRC) was developed. Materials and Methods: The method has been applied for multi-element analysis of the urine of 16 non-exposed healthy volunteers and 27 workers employed in a copper smelter. The analysis was conducted after initial 10-fold dilution of the urine samples with 0,1% nitric acid. Rhodium was used as an internal standard. The method validation parameters such as detection limit, sensitivity, precision were described for all elements. Accuracy of the method was checked by the regular use of certified reference materials ClinCheck®-Control Urine (Recipe) as well as by participation of the laboratory in the German External Quality Assessment Scheme (G-EQUAS). Results: The detection limits (DL 3s) of the applied method were 0.025, 0.007, 0.002, 0.004, 0.004, 0.086, 0.037, 0.009, 0.016, 0.008, 0.064 (μg/l) for Al, As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn in urine, respectively. For each element linearity with correlation coefficient of at least 0.999 was determined. Spectral interferences from some of the ions were removed using DRC-e with addition of alternative gas: methane for cobalt, copper, cadmium, chromium, iron, manganese, nickel and rhodium, and oxygen for arsenic. Conclusions: The developed method allows to determine simultaneously eleven elements in the urine with low detection limits, high sensitivity and good accuracy. Moreover, the method is appropriate for the assessment of both environmental and occupational exposure.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2013, 26, 2; 302-312
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The determinants of lead and cadmium blood levels for preschool children from industrially contaminated sites in Poland
Autorzy:
Kowalska, Małgorzata
Kulka, Elżbieta
Jarosz, Wanda
Kowalski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159917.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-21
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
exposure
cadmium
lead
preschool children
ICS
parental questionnaire
Opis:
Objectives Industrially contaminated sites (ICS) represent an important public health issue in European countries. The Silesian Voivodeship, the region located in the southern part of Poland, the historical center of industry, has many sites that meet ICS criteria. Most of them are landfills containing lead, cadmium and zinc. Material and Methods The aim of the study has been to evaluate determinants of lead and cadmium blood levels for preschool children living in the vicinity of selected environmental hazards in Piekary Śląskie, the city located in the region of Silesia. Data about exposure was obtained from the parental questionnaire and was verified by levels of biomarkers in children’s blood. Finally, 678 preschool children were studied. Results Obtained results have confirmed that the statistically significant higher level of lead in blood has been revealed in the case of younger children whose fathers have a higher level of education and whose mothers smoke cigarettes at home, as well as for those living in the vicinity of any environmental hazard. In the case of cadmium, a higher level of the biomarker has been reported for older children who rather do not live close to any environmental hazard. We have recognized 30% of children with blood lead level (PbB) exceeding 2 μg/dl and 0.8% of children with blood cadmium level (CdB) exceeding the reference value (0.5 μg/l). Conclusions Own observation has confirmed that preschool children living in Piekary Śląskie are still exposed to heavy metals existing in environment. The source of the higher level in blood is not only the hazardous vicinity in the place of residence but also well-known factors associated with the age of children, parental life style and educational background. The parental questionnaire could be useful to identify potential determinants of exposure to lead and cadmium, however exposure must be verified by measurement of a proper biomarker. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(3):351–359
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2018, 31, 3; 351-359
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 69

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