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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Struktura i dynamika przyrostu grubosci drzew w drzewostanach swierkowych masywu Skrzyczne
    Autorzy:
    Ochal, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/816253.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    dynamika przyrostu
    ekspozycja terenu
    swierk
    Picea
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    czynniki siedliska
    drzewostany swierkowe
    lasy gorskie
    przyrost grubosci
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    Skrzyczne
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2000, 144, 01; 75-85
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rozklad przyrostu grubosci na przekroju poprzecznym drzewa w gorskich drzewostanach swierkowych
    Autorzy:
    Ochal, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/811506.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    dendrometria
    przekroj poprzeczny
    swierk
    Picea
    drzewostany swierkowe
    lasy gorskie
    przyrost grubosci
    lesnictwo
    rozklad przyrostu grubosci
    drzewa lesne
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 1998, 142, 11; 69-86
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dokładność wzorów empirycznych służących do określania biomasy nadziemnych komponentów drzew olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
    Accuracy of empirical formulas for determining aboveground biomass of black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
    Autorzy:
    Ochał, W.
    Socha, J.
    Grabczyński, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990997.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    biomasa
    czesci nadziemne
    wzory empiryczne
    dokladnosc wzorow
    black alder
    aboveground biomass
    accuracy assessment
    empirical formulas
    poland
    Opis:
    The study investigated the accuracy of thirty equations formulated in England, Sweden, Turkey, Lithuania and Spain and which aim to determine the aboveground biomass of black alder. The reference constituted of bark, timber, stem, branches and leaves dry biomass of 168 sample trees aged 6−96 from 56 alder stands located in the western part of Kotlina Sandomierska (south−eastern Poland). The analysed formulas, considering local conditions, resulted in biased biomass calculations. The evaluation of such components as leaves, branches, trunk timber or trunk bark is subject to systematic errors larger than a dozen or so per cent, and in certain ranges of breast height diameters − up to even a couple of dozens or a few hundred per cent. Only three out of 30 formulas may be considered useful for estimating aboveground biomass of black alder in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 06; 431-442
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura grubości wybranych drzewostanów sosnowych wzrastających na zrekultywowanych dla leśnictwa obiektach pogórniczych
    Diameter structure of selected pine stands growing on post-mining sites reclaimed for forestry
    Autorzy:
    Ochał, W.
    Pająk, M.
    Pietrzykowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009479.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    tereny pogornicze
    zwalowiska pogornicze
    wyrobiska gornicze
    rekultywacja lesna
    drzewostany sosnowe
    cechy taksacyjne
    drzewa lesne
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    struktura grubosci
    rozklad statystyczny
    diameter structure
    scots pine
    normal distribution
    rehabilitated land
    poland
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of the research on tree diameter structure in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands growing on mine dumps and pits reclaimed for forestry. The diameter structure of stands was characterised using statistical concentration and dispersion measures and compared with five theoretical distributions: beta, gamma, logarithmic−normal, normal and Weibull's. The studies were conducted in eight pine stands in age classes I (below 20) and II (21−40) age classes growing on the rehabilitated areas of the Bełchatów, Piaseczno, Szczakowa and Smolnica mines.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 05; 323-332
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Szerokość pasma jądrowego estymatora rozkładu pierśnic w drzewostanach olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) z zachodniej części Kotliny Sandomierskiej
    Bandwidth of kernel estimator of DBH distribution in black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) stands from west part of the Sandomierz Basin
    Autorzy:
    Pogoda, P.
    Ochał, W.
    Orzeł, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985919.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    dendrometria
    drzewa lesne
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    piersnice drzew
    rozklad piersnic
    estymacja
    estymatory jadrowe nieparametryczne
    kernel estimator
    bandwidth
    dbh structure
    black alder
    Opis:
    Set of ‘nonparametric’ methods, that don’t make a priori assumption about functional form of empirical distribution was developed as an alternative to the parametric distribution modeling. The kernel estimators are one of such methods, that can be used to describe the frequency of data representing for example DBH records. Kernel smoothing requires the choice of weighting function and bandwidth also called as smoothing parameter or window. The lack of comprehensive analysis on the applicability of particular bandwidth selection methods to model DBH structure gave an impulse to present investigation aimed at determining value and variability of smoothing parameter in black alder stands. The optimal bandwidth was obtained according to six different variants of plug−in method proposed by Altman and Léger. Presented investigations were based on DBH measurements collected in 163 managed black alder stands aged from 6 to 89 years, growing in the west part of the Sandomierz Basin (S Poland). We measured in total 22,530 black alders, from 48 to 359 in individual stand. Stands were characterized by: age, quadratic mean diameter, basal area, mean height, Reineke’s stand density index and standard deviation of DBH. Smoothing parameter was obtained by means of plug−in method with the pilot bandwidth selected by: Silverman’s rule of thumb (nrd0), Scott’s method (nrd), unbiased cross−validation (ucv), biased cross−validation (bcv), method of Sheather and Jones (sj) and one−stage method of Wand and Jones (onestage). The bandwidth was first obtained to real data, then to 100 bootstrap samples of 5, 10, 15 ... and 100 trees from each stand. Smoothing parameters were characterized by mean and variance. Relationship between values of smoothing parameter and stand characteristics was determined. Finally the influence of sample size on value and variability of bandwidth was assessed. Value and variability of smoothing parameter in black alder stands are determined by stand age, sample size and method of bandwidth choice. There is a close relationship between bandwidth and the mean height (r from 0.75 to 0.83), quadratic mean diameter (r from 0.79 to 0.88) and standard deviation of DBH (r from 0.84 to 0.93). Potentially these stand features can be used to predict smoothing parameter values. Minor changes of bandwidth for samples containing above 50 trees together with persistence of standard error give an objective grounds for defining optimal number of diameters, that are necessary to kernel estimation of DBH distribution.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 05; 411-421
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stała krzywa wysokości dla olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) z zachodniej części Kotliny Sandomierskiej
    Generalized height-diameter model for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) in the western part of the Sandomierz Basin
    Autorzy:
    Orzeł, S.
    Pogoda, P.
    Ochał, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991312.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    dendrometria
    drzewa lesne
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    piersnice drzew
    wysokosc drzew
    stale krzywe wysokosci
    Kotlina Sandomierska
    alder stands
    height−diameter curve
    local uniform height curve
    the sandomierz basin
    Opis:
    The study shows that the accuracy of tree height approximation by means of investigated functions is not modified by the age or site conditions of the analysed alder stands. The widest range of tree height variability was explained by Schnute (M5) function. Higher values of adjusted coefficient of determination (R²adj) are usually obtained when the height of black alder stands in the western part of the Sandomierz Basin is determined with M2 height−diameter curve.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 11; 840-849
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dokładność określania świeżej masy strzał jodły na podstawie przeliczników wagowo-objętościowych
    Accuracy of estimation silver fir stem mass on the basis of volume to weight conversion factors
    Autorzy:
    Ochal, W.
    Wertz, B.
    Grabczyński, S.
    Orzeł, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985798.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    jodla pospolita
    Abies alba
    biomasa drzewna
    masa strzaly drzew
    biomasa swieza
    szacowanie biomasy
    wspolczynniki wagowo-objetosciowe
    gestosc drewna
    abies alba
    wood density
    stem biomass
    biomass estimation
    Opis:
    The paper describes the accuracy of estimation of silver fir stem fresh mass on the basis of volume to weight conversion factor, derived from samples, collected from few different places along the stem. The research material contained 13 sample trees selected from homogenous 70−years old stand, situated in mountainous area of the Beskid Sądecki in Polish part of the Carpathians (S Poland). Volume over the bark of sample trees was calculated with section−wise method and the whole stem fresh biomass was directly weighted. For each sample tree three stem discs were collected at 1/6, 1/2 and 5/6 of tree height, their weight and volume were precisely determined and the biomass conversion factors (equivalent of stem density) were calculated. The assessment of the accuracy of whole fresh stem biomass was conducted according to five variants: for the biomass conversion factors derived from each individual stem disc (lower, middle or upper), from weighted mean density and on the basis of the constructed mixed model, where relative height and diameter were treated as fixed effects and influence of individual trees was included as a random term. The volume of sample fir stems ranged from 0.15 to 2.22 m3, while their fresh biomass varied between 138.1 and 1896.7 kg. Obtained results show that variation of the density was higher within stems than between them (coefficient of variation amounted to 8.4% i 3.3% respectively). The average density increased along stem, from 835.6 kg/m3 for lower part (1/6H) to 986.8 kg/m3 for the upper part (5/6H). Estimating the biomass on the basis of just lower stem disc resulted in the average relative error equal to –5.8%, while for middle stem disc the error was +1.2%, and for upper disc +11.3%. The use of conversion factors derived from weighted average density of all three stem discs resulted in average bias equal to –1,7% with standard error 1,0%. Despite the presence of mean bias of –2.3%, the constructed density model gave the most precise estimation of the stem biomass (standard error 0.7%), which indicates the reasons for its further improvements and usage.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 04; 277-287
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dokładność stałych krzywych wysokości dla drzewostanów olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
    Accuracy of the uniform height curves for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) stands
    Autorzy:
    Ochał, W.
    Orzeł, S.
    Siudak, K.
    Zamyślewska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989648.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    dendrometria
    drzewostany olszowe
    drzewa lesne
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    piersnice drzew
    wysokosc drzew
    stale krzywe wysokosci
    h−d relationship
    uniform height curve
    forest inventory
    black alder
    Opis:
    The study presents the assessment of the accuracy of two generalized height−diameter models, such as skwB [Bruchwald et al. 2001] and skwO [Orzeł et al. 2014], developed in Poland for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) stands. Verification of these models was conducted on empirical material that was collected in 127 alder stands located in the western part of Sandomierz Basin (southern Poland). Selected alder stands aged 6−89 years, while average breast height diameter ranged from 4.5 to 43.0 cm and average height from 6.3 to 32.7 m. The stand density varied from 222 to 4360 trees/ha. The accuracy assessment for uniform height−diameter curves was based on the analysis of single tree absolute error distributions. Synthetic indicators of goodness−of−fit, such as: average and standard errors, coefficients of variation and determination were calculated based on absolute errors. The final evaluation of the compared uniform height−diameter models results from the structure of the goodness−of−fit measures that was observed within all analyzed stands and within age classes of 20 years. The efficiency of uniform height−diameter models was also compared with stand height−diameter curve, which was developed based on the Näslund function. General height−diameter models overestimated height in alder stands on average from 0.26 (1.67) to 0.19 m (1.39%), based on skwB and skwO models, respectively. Bias depended on the age of stand and decreases from almost 3% in I age class to nearly 0.5% in IV and V age class. For both analyzed models, a positive systematic error was observed for the standardized breast height diameter. Bias in estimating the height of single stand depended on the accuracy of stand height estimations. In case of estimation based on the measurements of three trees height, bias in single stand can range from –13% to +14%. Due to the range and nature of observed systematic errors, uniform height curves should be applied to groups of stands that have different age and breast height diameter structure, as it allows for partial reduction of the error.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 08; 635-646
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modele bonitacyjne dla gatunków lasotwórczych Polski opracowane na podstawie tablic zasobności
    Site index models for forest-forming tree species in Poland developed basing on the yield tables
    Autorzy:
    Socha, J.
    Ochał, W.
    Grabczyński, S.
    Maj, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989707.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    gatunki lasotworcze
    modele wzrostu
    siedliska lesne
    modele bonitacyjne
    wskazniki bonitacji
    site index
    site index model
    height growth models
    Opis:
    The objectives of this work was to develop a site index models for main forest−forming tree species in Poland based on data from published yield tables. The research material include growth series of birch, European beech, common oak, red oak, European hornbeam, European ash, Norway maple, small−leaved lime, black alder, trembling aspen, locust, Douglas fir, silver fir, European larch, Scots pine, and Norway spruce. Six algebraic difference models were preliminary selected for the construction of site index model. When selecting a potential models an assumption was made, that the index system should be characterized by good fit to the empirical data, polymorphism, variable asymptotes for different sites and equality of the site index and height at a certain base age. To estimate parameters of individual models all possible combinations among height−age pairs for each tree were used. The selection of the best model was based on fit criteria describing: proportion of variance explained, error range and standard deviation of the residuals. Best fitting model was selected basing on the sum of ranks from individual criteria and for each individual tree species a separate model was selected, which fits the best growth series from the yield tables. For 16 out of 19 species, the best fit statistics were demonstrated by the model developed on the base of the function [2]. Developed models may be used both in forestry practice and forestry research in order to estimate site index for analyzed tree species.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 08; 639-649
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Alokacja nadziemnej biomasy u sosen zajmujących różne pozycje biosocjalne w drzewostanie
    Aboveground biomass allocation in Scots pines of different biosocial positions in the stand
    Autorzy:
    Ochał, W.
    Grabczyński, S.
    Orzeł, S.
    Wertz, B.
    Socha, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991636.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    pozycja biosocjalna drzew
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    biomasa nadziemna
    alokacja biomasy
    scots pine
    aboveground biomass
    biomass allocation
    biosocial class
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the biosocial position occupied by the tree on the amount and structure of the biomass produced. The empirical material was measurements of biomass for 63 pines (21 for each of the I, II, and III Kraft classes). The total aboveground biomass of the trees was calculated as sum of following fractions: stem wood, stem bark, living branches, dead branches, shoots, needles and cones. It has been found that with a decrease of biosocial position of tree the share of a stem increases while share of branches in the overall biomass of the tree decreases. On the other hand biosocial position does not affect significantly the share of needles, dead branches and cones.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 10; 737-746
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ wzniesienia nad poziom morza i podłoża geologicznego na produkcyjność siedlisk Beskidu Żywieckiego dla buka
    Effect of elevation above sea level and geology on the site productivity for European beech in the Beskid Zywiecki Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Socha, J.
    Ochał, W.
    Maj, M.
    Grabczyński, S.
    Lach, J.
    Gruba, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991314.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    buk zwyczajny
    Fagus sylvatica
    wymagania siedliskowe
    Beskid Zywiecki
    siedliska lesne
    produkcyjnosc
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    ekspozycja
    nachylenie stoku
    bonitacja siedliska
    podloze geologiczne
    fagus silvatica
    site index
    parent rock
    soil nutrient regime
    site productivity
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to determine the effect of topography and parent rock as well as selected characteristics of the soils on the site productivity for European beech in the Beskid Żywiecki Mountains (S Poland). The research material consisted of measurements performed on sample plots ranging in size from 0.01 to 0.10 ha located in 50 beech stands aged 40−140 years. Productivity of beech stands was to the greatest extent determined by the elevation above sea level. The site index of beech stands is significantly affected by the type of geological substrate, whereas there was no relationship between productivity and analyzed soil characteristics.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 11; 850-859
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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