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Tytuł:
Solid-liquid interface morphology of white carbide eutectic during directional solidification
Autorzy:
Trepczyńska-Łent, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
solid-liquid interface
directional solidification
front solidification
white carbide eutectic
Opis:
In this paper the analysis of solid-liquid interface morphology in white carbide eutectic was made. In a vacuum Bridgman-type furnace, under an argon atmosphere, directionally solidified sample of Fe - C alloy was produced. The pulling rate was v = 125 μm/s (450 mm/h) and constant temperature gradient G = 33.5 K/mm. The microstructure of the sample was frozen. The microstructure of the sample was examined on the longitudinal section using an light microscope and scanning electron microscope.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 365-368
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Directional solidification of ledeburite
Autorzy:
Trepczyńska-Łent, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382901.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
solidification process
ledeburite
directional solidification
structure
interfacial distance
proces krzepnięcia
ledeburyt
krzepnięcie kierunkowe
struktura
odległość międzyfazowa
Opis:
Directional solidification of ledeburite was realised out using a Bridgman’s device. The growth rate for movement sample v=83.3 μm/s was used. In one sample the solidification front was freezing. The value of temperature gradient in liquid at the solidification front was determined. Interfacial distance λ on the samples was measured with NIS-Elements application for image analysis.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 3; 101-106
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Leading Phase in the Directionally Solidifying Fe – 4.25%C Eutectic Alloy
Autorzy:
Trepczyńska-Łent, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380702.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
directional solidification
eutectic alloy Fe-C
solidification front
leading phase
krzepnięcie kierunkowe
stop eutektyczny
front krzepnięcia
Opis:
In order to determine the leading phase of the Fe - 4.25% C eutectic alloy, the method of directional crystallization, which allows to study the character of the solid / liquid growth front, was used. Examined eutectic was directionally solidified with a constant temperature gradient of G = 33,5 K/mm and growth rate of v = 125 μm/s (450 mm/h). The Bridgman technique was used for the solidification process. The sample was grown by pulling it downwards up to 30 mm in length. The alloy quenched by rapid pulling down into the Ga-In-Sn liquid metal. The sample was examined on the longitudinal section using a light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The shape of the solid/liquid interface and particularly the leading phase protrusion were revealed. The formation of the concave – convex interface has been identified in the quasi-regular eutectic growth arrested by quenching. The cementite phase was determined to be a leading phase. The total protrusion d is marked in the adequate figure.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 4; 113-116
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preparation of Twinned Dendrites of Al-Zn Alloy with High Zn Content
Autorzy:
Gao, K.
Song, W.
Fan, L.
Ding, Y.
Guo, X.
Zhang, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
directional solidification
twinned dendrite
microstructure
growth orientation
deviation angle
Opis:
Twinned dendrites in Al-Zn alloy with high Zn content (40% wt.%) were successfully prepared by directional solidification. At different directional solidification rates (1000 and 1500 μm/s), microstructures and growth orientation variations of Al twinned dendrite and non-twinned dendrite were characterized. By using the inverted trapezoidal graphite sleeve at 1000 μm/s, Al twinned dendrite were formed to developed feather crystal structures in longitudinal section. Its primary and secondary twinned dendrite were grew along [110] direction. Moreover the deviation angle between [110] direction of Al twinned dendrite and the heat flow direction was about 27.15°. While not using the inverted trapezoidal graphite sleeve at 1000 and 1500 μm/s, Al dendrite was the non-twinned dendrite and the twinned dendrite was not appeared. The experimental results showed that the higher temperature gradient, a certain pulling rate and convection environment were the formation conditions of twinned dendrites.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 4; 1657-1662
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of the Growth of the Directionally Solidified Fe-4.25% C Eutectic Alloy
Autorzy:
Trepczyńska-Łent, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049148.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Fe-C eutectic alloy
directional solidification
protrusion of leading phase
Opis:
The current work is dedicated to the mathematical description of a protrusion of the leading phase (cementite) over the wetting phase (austenite) observed during the author’s experiments in previous articles. A cementite protrusion is confirmed in the directionally solidified Fe-4.25% C eutectic alloy. The protrusion is defined due to the mass balance fulfilment. A coordinate system is attached to the solid/liquid interface, which is moving with the constant growth rate v.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 4; 1179-1186
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identification and evaluation of freckles in directionally solidified casting made of PWA 1426 nickel-based superalloy
Identyfikacja i ocena wady frekle w kierunkowo krystalizowanym odlewie z nadstopu niklu PWA 1426
Autorzy:
Chmiela, B.
Sozańska, M.
Cwajna, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
turbiny
silniki lotnicze
EBSD
freckles
nickel-based superalloys
directional solidification
Opis:
Manufacturing of modern aero engine turbine blades made of nickel-based superalloys is very complex and expensive. The thrust and performance of new engines must address constantly more demanding requirements. Therefore, turbine blades must be characterised by very good mechanical properties, which is possible only if the blades are free of casting defects. An important innovation has been the launching of directionally solidified (DS) and single crystal (SX) turbine blades. But, manufacturing procedures and the chemical composition of many superalloys promote the formation of casting defects that are characteristic only for directional solidification. One of these defects is freckles. Freckles are small equiaxed grains in the form of long chains parallel to the solidification direction and are located on the surface of the casting. Freckles decrease the mechanical properties of DS and SX blades; therefore, they should be always unambiguously identified to improve the manufacturing process. This work presents the possibilities of identifying and evaluating freckles in DS casting made of PWA 1426 superalloy by combining the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques.
Wytwarzanie łopatek turbin nowoczesnych silników lotniczych jest bardzo złożone i kosztowne. Stale rosną też wymagania dotyczące ciągu i sprawności nowych silników. Dlatego łopatki turbin musza charakteryzować się bardzo dobrymi właściwościami mechanicznymi. Jest to możliwe tylko wtedy, gdy łopatki nie wykazują wad odlewniczych. Ważną innowacją w wytwarzaniu łopatek było wprowadzenie łopatek kierunkowo krystalizowanych (DS) i monokrystalicznych (SX). Skład chemiczny wielu nadstopów i proces wytwarzania łopatek stanowią czasem czynniki sprzyjające powstawaniu wad odlewniczych, charakterystycznych tylko dla procesu kierunkowej krystalizacji. Przykładem takiej wady są frekle. Wada ta ma postać małych, równoosiowych ziaren tworzących łańcuchy, przeważnie równoległe do kierunku krystalizacji. Wada ta znacznie obniża właściwości mechaniczne łopatek DS i SX, dlatego powinna być zawsze jednoznacznie identyfikowana w celu usprawnienia procesu ich wytwarzania. W pracy przedstawiono możliwości identyfikacji i oceny wady frekle w kierunkowo krystalizowanym odlewie z nadstopu niklu PWA 1426 przy użyciu elektronowej mikroskopii skaningowej (SEM), mikroanalizy rentgenowskiej (EPMA) i dyfrakcji elektronów wstecznie rozproszonych (EBSD).
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2012, 57, 2; 559-564
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possibilities of the materials properties improvement for the cementite eutectic by means of unidirectional solidification
Możliwości poprawy własności użytkowych eutektyki cementytowej metodą krystalizacji zorientowanej
Autorzy:
Trepczyńska-Łent, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355626.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ledeburite
directional solidification
eutectic
structure
interphase spacing
kierunkowe krzepnięcie
eutektyka
struktura
rozstaw
Opis:
The paper brings the results of directional solidification of Fe-Fe3C eutectic alloy. The Bridgman method with vertical thermal gradient in conducted research was applied. Two values of rate was used for sample movement testing. One sample after solidification, was immediately taken of the cooler. The distribution of thermal gradient in the alloy was determined. The value of thermal gradient in liquid at the solidification front was determined. On the samples, where cementite eutectic was oriented, interphase spacing λ was measured. The results of the dependence between parameters v and λ were presented. The research with application of optical microscope and computer programme to image analysis NIS-Elements was used.
W pracy przedstawiono rezultaty kierunkowej krystalizacji stopu eutektycznego Fe-Fe3C. Wykorzystano metodę Bridgmana z pionowym gradientem temperatury. Zastosowano dwie prędkości przemieszczania próbki. Jedna z próbek, po zrealizowaniu krystalizacji została zamrożona. Określono rozkład gradientu temperatury w stopie oraz wyznaczono wartość gradientu temperatury w cieczy na froncie krystalizacji. Na próbkach przeprowadzono pomiary odległości międzyfazowej λ. Przedstawiono wyniki badań określających zależności pomiędzy parametrami v i λ. W badaniach wykorzystano mikroskop optyczny oraz program do komputerowej analizy obrazu NIS-Elements.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2013, 58, 3; 987-991
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Mechanism of Pore Formation in Directionally Solidified A356 Alloy
Autorzy:
Uludag, M.
Dispinar, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
krzepnięcie kierunkowe
porowatość
ziarna
odlewy
directional solidification
porosity
bifilm index
grain refinement
casting
Opis:
It is well-known that the better the control of the liquid aluminium allows obtaining of better properties. One of the most important defects that is held responsible for lower properties has been the presence of porosity. Porosity has always been associated with the amount of dissolved hydrogen in the liquid. However, it was shown that hydrogen was not the major source but only a contributor the porosity. The most important defect that causes porosity is the presence of bifilms. These defects are surface entrained mainly due to turbulence and uncontrolled melt transfer. In this work, a cylindrical mould was designed (Ø30 x 300 mm) both from sand and die. Moulds were produced both from sand and die. Water cooled copper chill was placed at the bottom of the mould in order to generate a directional solidification. After the melt was prepared, prior to casting of the DC cast samples, reduced pressure test sample was taken to measure the melt quality (i.e. bifilm index). The cast parts were then sectioned into regions and longitudinal and transverse areas were investigated metallographically. Pore size, shape and distribution was measured by image analysis. The formation of porosity was evaluated by means of bifilm content, size and distribution in A356 alloy.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 1; 157-162
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
X-ray Diffraction Study of Directional Solidification Ledeburite
Autorzy:
Trepczyńska-Łent, M.
Szykowny, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379952.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
X-ray diffraction
ledeburite eutectic
directional solidification
dyfrakcja rentgenowska
ledeburyt
krzepnięcie kierunkowe
Opis:
Directionally solidified sample of Fe-Fe3C eutectic alloy were produced under an argon atmosphere in a vacuum Bridgman-type furnace to study the eutectic growth with v = 167 μm/s pulling rate and constant temperature gradient G = 33.5 K/mm. Since how the growth texture of eutectic cementite is related to its growth morphology remains unclear, the current study aims to examine this relationship. The technique such as X-ray diffraction, have been used for the crystallographic analysis of carbide particles in white cast irons.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 3; 71-76
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of Microstructure of Oriented Eutectic Fe-C Alloy
Autorzy:
Trepczyńska-Łent, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
directional solidification
eutectic alloy
microstructure
longitudinal section
transverse section
krzepnięcie
stop eutektyczny
mikrostruktura
Opis:
Fe - 4,25% C alloy was directionally solidified with a constant temperature gradient of G = 33,5 K/mm and growth rate of v = 83,3 μm/s (300 mm/h) using a vacuum Bridgman-type crystal growing facility with liquid metal cooling technique. To reveal more detailed microstructure, the deep etching was made. This was obtained in the process of electrolytic dissolution. The microstructure of the sample was examined on the longitudinal and transverse sections using an Optical Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope. Using the Electron Backscattered Diffraction technique, phase map and analysis of phase were made. In this paper the analysis of Fe-C alloy eutectic microstructure is presented. Regular eutectic structure was obtained. The fracture surfaces show lamellar structure. Microscopic observation after electrolytic extraction indicates that the grains of longitudinal shape of eutectic cementite have been obtained. These grains are characterized by layered construction with many rounded discontinuities.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 1; 123-128
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High Temperature Oxidation Property of Ni Based Superalloy CM247LC Produced Via Selective Laser Melting Process
Autorzy:
Lee, Jung-Uk
Kim, Young-Kyun
Seo, Seong-Moon
Lee, Kee-Ahn
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203720.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Ni-based superalloy
selective laser melting
directional solidification
microstructure
high temperature oxidation property
Opis:
CM247LC alloy was manufactured by using selective laser melting (SLM) process, one of the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) methods. The hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process was additionally conducted on the SLM-built CM247LC to control its microstructures and defects. The high temperature oxidation property was investigated, and it was compared with conventional DS247LC sample (reference) prepared via the directional solidification process. The L-PBF HIP sample showed blocky-type MC carbides generated along the grain boundary with average size of about 200 nm. A semi-spherical primary γ' phase of size 0.4-1.0 μm was also observed inside the grains. Moreover, the DS247LC sample displayed a coarse eutectic γ' phase and many script-type MC carbides. Furthermore, cuboidal-type γ' with an average size of about 0.5 μm was detected. High-temperature oxidation tests were conducted at 1000°C and 1100°C for 24 hours. The results at 1100°C oxidation temperature showed that the measured oxidation weight gains for HIP and DS247LC were 1.96 mg/cm2 and 2.26 mg/cm2, respectively, indicating the superior high-temperature oxidation resistance of the L-PBF HIP sample. Based on the above results, a high-temperature oxidation mechanism of the CM247LC alloys manufactured by the SLM process and the directional solidification process has been proposed.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 1; 107--112
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Directional Solidification of AlSi Alloys with Fe Intermetallic Phases
Autorzy:
Mikołajczak, P.
Ratke, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379990.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
directional solidification
aluminum alloys
calibration
intermetallic phases
krzepnięcie kierunkowe
stopy aluminium
kalibracja
fazy międzymetaliczne
Opis:
Directional solidification technique is an important research instrument to study solidification of metals and alloys. In the paper the model [6,7,8] of directional solidification in special Artemis-3 facility was presented. The current work aimed to propose the ease and efficient way in calibrating the facility. The introduced M coefficient allowed effective calibration and implementation of defined thermal conditions. The specimens of AlSi alloys with Fe-rich intermetallics and especially deleterious β-Al5FeSi were processed by controlled solidification velocity, temperature gradient and cooling rate.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 1; 75-78
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Contact Gap in Directional Solidification of AlSiFe Alloys
Autorzy:
Mikołajczak, P.
Ratke, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381310.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
directional solidification
aluminium alloys
calibration
intermetallic phases
krzepnięcie kierunkowe
stop aluminium
kalibracja
faza międzymetaliczna
Opis:
One of the methods to study solidification of alloys and metals is directional solidification. In the paper the effect of the contact gap between the analyzed specimen and the bottom heater was analysed. The occurring contact gap caused the increase in planned solidification velocity. For the facility calibration the methodology with M coefficient was applied. The experiments revealed efficient values of M and allowed to conduct efficiently the directional solidification of AlSiFe alloys in wide range of growth rates. The effect of the contact gap seems to be random phenomena and most difficult factor influencing precisely planned directional solidification.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 3 spec.; 41-44
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Solidification Front of Oriented Ledeburite
Autorzy:
Trepczyńska-Łent, M.
Olejnik, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381823.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
directional solidification
ledeburite
eutectic
solid interface
liquid interface
leading phase
krzepnięcie kierunkowe
ledeburyt
eutektyk
Opis:
Directional solidification of the Fe - 4,3 wt % C alloy was performed with the pulling rate equal to v=83 μm/s. Sample was frozen during solidification to reveal the shape of the solid/liquid interface. Structures eutectic pyramid and spherolitic eutectic were observed. The solidification front of ledeburite eutectic was revealed. The leading phase was identified and defined.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 1; 124-130
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anisotropic in Situ Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with VC Carbide Fibres
Autorzy:
Kawalec, M.
Górny, M.
Sikora, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381579.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cast composite
directional solidification
vanadium eutectic
vanadium carbide
microstructure
kompozyt odlewany
krzepnięcie kierunkowe
węglik wanadu
Opis:
A eutectic reaction is a basic liquid-solid transformation, which can be used in the fabrication of high-strength in situ composites. In this study an attempt was made to ensure directional solidification of Fe-C-V alloy with hypereutectic microstructure. In this alloy, the crystallisation of regular fibrous eutectic and primary carbides with the shape of non-faceted dendrites takes place. According to the data given in technical literature, this type of eutectic is suitable for the fabrication of in-situ composites, owing to the fact that a flat solidification front is formed accompanied by the presence of two phases, where one of the phases can crystallise in the form of elongated fibres. In the present study an attempt was also made to produce directionally solidifying vanadium eutectic using an apparatus with a very high temperature gradient amounting to 380 W/cm at a rate of 3 mm/h. Alloy microstructure was examined in both the initial state and after directional solidification. It was demonstrated that the resulting microstructure is of a non-homogeneous character, and the process of directional solidification leads to an oriented arrangement of both the eutectic fibres and primary carbides.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 1; 21-24
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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