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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    The System of Teachers’ Professional Advancement and Potential Threats to Building Their Identity Within Its Framework
    Autorzy:
    Anna, Wiłkomirska,
    Anna, Zielińska,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/891970.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    teacher
    identity
    development
    change
    gap
    Opis:
    Professional identity combines some elements of personal and social identity in the area of goals, values, principles and measures. The paper focuses on the reflection of ambiguity of creating teachers’ professional identity during educational reform. The new system of teachers’ professional advancement has been in place in Poland for more than ten years. We have conducted complex empirical research aimed at comprehensive evaluation of that system (teachers, heads of schools and local authorities were surveyed). The theoretical framework is constructed on the concepts of the contemporary narrative theories of Ch. Taylor, A. Giddens, P. Ricoeur. There is a yawning gap between the path of improvement of quality imposed by the formal requirements of the system and the needs and educational aims formulated by teachers themselves, stemming from their everyday practice. The research provided important implication for educational policy, such as: a necessity for combining statutory requirements with particular school needs and teachers’ individual development.
    Źródło:
    Kultura Pedagogiczna. Międzynarodowe Pismo Pedagogiczne; 2015, 02(1); 65-78
    2391-9175
    2450-1816
    Pojawia się w:
    Kultura Pedagogiczna. Międzynarodowe Pismo Pedagogiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Development, motivation, change – educators’ opinions about groups for teachers on Facebook
    Autorzy:
    Michniuk, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2194760.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-26
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Facebook
    support
    group
    teacher
    development
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to describe support that can be observed in online Facebook teachers’ groups created and administered by teachers or institutions connected with education. The author presented selected Facebook groups, indicated their aims and activities undertaken in their space. On the basis of the conducted research (n = 548), the article will also discuss teachers’ motivations for joining the groups and their reflections connected with belonging to them.
    Źródło:
    Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja; 2021, 20, 2; 111-122
    2300-0422
    Pojawia się w:
    Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Critical Thinking in Initial Teacher Education: Secondary Data Analysis from Ahelo GS Feasibility Study in Slovakia
    Autorzy:
    Šukolová, Denisa
    Nedelová, Magdaléna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1997815.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    critical thinking
    initial teacher education
    assessment
    development
    Opis:
    The study presents a secondary analysis of the “Assessment of Higher Education Learning Outcomes, Generic Skills Strand”, the international study of critical thinking skills (OECD, 2012). National secondary analyses include a comparison of student teachers (n = 110) and students of other study programmes (n = 413) in critical thinking and investigates a potential relation of contextual characteristics with their critical thinking performance. Performance Task and Multiple Choice Questions were used to measure critical thinking skills and a Contextual Questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, and subjectively evaluated characteristics related to test-taking motivation and coursework. The main results showed that student teachers scored lower in critical thinking performance than students of other study programmes.
    Źródło:
    The New Educational Review; 2017, 49; 19-29
    1732-6729
    Pojawia się w:
    The New Educational Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    SOCIAL CHANGE AND FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEACHER EDUCATION IN THE STATE OF BRANDENBURG
    ZMIANA SPOŁECZNA I PROMOWANIE ROZWOJU EDUKACJI NAUCZYCIELA W BRANDENBURGII
    Autorzy:
    Meier, Bernd
    Jakupec, Viktor
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/479183.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-06-15
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Instytut Inżynierii Bezpieczeństwa i Nauk o Pracy. Polskie Towarzystwo Profesjologiczne.
    Tematy:
    zmiana społeczna
    rozwój
    edukacja
    nauczyciel
    social change
    development
    education
    teacher
    Opis:
    Der Beitrag geht aus von Positionen der Zukunftsforschung und kennzeichnet Megatrends und Szenarien als typische Formen zukunftsorientierter Aussagen. Megatrends und ein Szenario zum Thema „Schule 2030“ werden kurz skizziert. Schließlich werden Folgerungen für eine zeitgemäße Lehrerbildung für eine Schule mit inklusiver Bildung abgeleitet und am Beispiel des Potsdamer Modells illustriert.
    In this article we intend to unpack a number of issues concerning future developments in teacher education with a focus on the State of Brandenburg. We will attempt to undertake our discussion from a point of view of megatrends and scenarios in a kind of futuristic projection. We will address some framework conditions for teacher education and subsequently we project this into a situational context of the State of Brandenburg generally and the Potsdam Model of teacher training especially.
    Źródło:
    Problemy Profesjologii; 2013, 1; 167-180
    1895-197X
    Pojawia się w:
    Problemy Profesjologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    "Covid-19 shock" and identified benefits for improved pre-service chemistry teacher education
    Autorzy:
    Prokša, Miroslav
    Drozdíková, Anna
    Haláková, Zuzana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31342699.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    online learning
    teacher
    teacher education
    paradigmatic model
    chemistry teacher
    development
    remote education
    pandemic conditions
    teacher training
    nauczanie online
    nauczyciel
    kształcenie nauczycieli
    model paradygmatyczny
    nauczyciel chemii
    rozwój
    edukacja zdalna
    sytuacja pandemiczna
    Opis:
    The global pandemic has forced many people to make significant changes in their work, personal lives, and everyday duties and activities. This metamorphosis has also significantly affected education systems. Implemented research activity in the learning process and emphasised the development of children’s cooperation have recently been limited and often unattainable because of learner isolation, prevailing home education, and different countries’ COVID-19 quarantine measures. Herein, we investigated and tested the 2020 European spring preparedness, commitment, and erudition of in-service and pre-service teachers and parents in remote education. We profiled the following three paradigm models of successful remote education; specific experience of in-service and pre-service chemistry teachers and the parents of school-age children. Here, we concentrated on sensitive identification of the most common problems, disadvantages, and risks. Prospective teacher training should concentrate more on remote education. It should help develop teachers’ didactic competencies and increase their motivation and willingness to participate in this mode of education.
    Źródło:
    Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology; 2023, 28, 1-2; 1-16
    2084-4506
    Pojawia się w:
    Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmiany w kształceniu nauczycieli wczesnej edukacji w kontekście antycypacji zawodu przez studentów
    Changes in the education of early school education teachers in Poland in the context of students’ anticipation of the profession
    Autorzy:
    Suświłło, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/893926.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-02-12
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
    Tematy:
    nauczyciel wczesnej edukacji
    kształcenie
    zmiana
    rozwój
    early school education teacher
    education
    change
    development
    Opis:
    W artykule podejmuję problematykę zmian w kształceniu nauczycieli przedszkoli i klas I–III szkoły podstawowej w Polsce zwracając uwagę na kontekst polityczno-ideologiczny i filozoficzny. Przywołuję tu argumenty przemawiające za koniecznością dbałości o jakość kształcenia i konieczność nieustannego dokształcania się nauczycieli. Zwracam uwagę na przydatny w tym zakresie Korelacyjny Model Profesjonalnego Rozwoju Nauczyciela Davida Clarke’a i Hilary Hollingsworth oraz na europejski kontekst rozwiązań w tym zakresie. W dalszej części zastanawiam się nad filozofią kształcenia nauczycieli wczesnej edukacji przytaczając m.in. krytyczne poglądy Potulickiej na temat neoliberalnej filozofii amerykańskiej oraz podając odmienne podejście Bay Area Teacher Training Institute (także amerykańskie) zwane BATTI, w którym zakłada się, że filozofia kształcenia nauczycieli powiązana jest ściśle z filozofią edukacji. W drugiej części przytaczam przykład własnych badań jakościowych nad antycypacją siebie w zawodzie nauczyciela wczesnej edukacji przez studentów. W wyniku analizy studenckich esejów wyłoniłam kilka typów nauczyciela: „profesjonalista”, „praktykant/stale uczący się”, „artysta/animator”, „przyjaciel dzieci i rodziców/autorytet”, „entuzjasta/pasjonat” i „konstruktywista”.
    In this study I describe the problem of changes in the education of pre-school and primary school (grades I-III) teachers in Poland, paying attention to the political and ideological as well as the philosophical context. I provide arguments for the need to care for the quality of education and the need for continuous teacher education. I draw attention to the David Clarke’s and Hilary Hollingsworth’s Correlation Model of Professional Development of Teacher, useful in this regard, and to the European context of solutions in this field. In the further part of the study, I consider the education philosophy of early school education teachers, citing for example Potulicka’s critical views on the neoliberal American philosophy, and providing a different approach of Bay Area Teacher Training Institute (BATTI) (also American), which assumes that the philosophy of teachers education is closely related to the philosophy of education. The second part of this article presents my own qualitative study on the self-anticipation of students regarding the profession of early school education teacher. As a result of the analysis of students’ essays, I selected several types of teacher: ‘professional’, ‘apprentice/constantly learning’, ‘artist/animator’, ‘friend of children and parents/authority’, ‘enthusiast/passionate, ‘constructivist’.
    Źródło:
    Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze; 2020, 587(2); 3-13
    0552-2188
    Pojawia się w:
    Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Proces rozwijania kompetencji glottodydaktycznej nauczycieli języków obcych
    Developing Foreign Language Teaching (FLT) Competence
    Autorzy:
    Pol, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2183541.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Naukowe Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej
    Tematy:
    nauczyciel
    kompetencja glottodydaktyczna
    rozwój
    kompetencja
    autonomia
    proces
    teacher
    foreign language teaching competence
    development
    process
    autonomy
    Opis:
    Przedmiotem rozważań niniejszego artykułu jest proces rozwijania kompetencji glottodydaktycznej nauczycieli. Przyjęto, w ślad za F. Gruczą, że ma on charakter ciągły i z tego powodu nikt nie jest w stanie opanować kompetencji glottodydaktycznej w pełnym i absolutnym zakresie. Oznacza to, że można jedynie mówić o bardziej lub mniej kompetentnym nauczycielu, natomiast nigdy o nauczycielu, który rozwinął rzeczoną kompetencję w stopniu całkowitym bądź w ogóle jej nie rozwinął. W kontekście rozważań nad procesem rozwijania kompetencji zwrócono jednak uwagę na fakt, że należy ona do dyspozycji wyuczanych, które nauczyciel może nabyć w toku edukacji czy procesu samodoskonalenia.
    The article focuses on the process of developing foreign language teaching (FLT) competence. Following Grucza, as this process is considered to be continuous, nobody can completely and absolutely acquire FLT competence (F. Grucza 2000, p. 28). This means that we can only talk about more or less competent teachers, but not about teachers who have fully developed this competence or who have not developed it at all. Nevertheless, in exploring the process of FLT competence development, it is argued that this competence is one of learned dispositions and, as such, it can be acquired through education or self-improvement.
    Źródło:
    Teraźniejszość – Człowiek – Edukacja; 2018, 21, Specjalny; 101-109
    1505-8808
    2450-3428
    Pojawia się w:
    Teraźniejszość – Człowiek – Edukacja
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ancient and modern civilization as the chosen context for teacher development
    Starożytna i nowoczesna cywilizacja jako wybrany kontekst rozwoju nauczyciela
    Autorzy:
    Kabat, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/646650.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Libron
    Tematy:
    teacher
    civilization
    antiquity
    , modernity
    context
    development
    pedagogical thinking
    nauczyciel
    cywilizacja
    starożytność
    współczesność
    kontekst
    rozwój
    myślenie pedagogiczne
    Opis:
    Artykuł nawiązuje do początków tworzenia nauczycielskiej profesji, jej konstytuowania się i rozwoju w danych warunkach i ich kontekstach. Zwró-cono w nim uwagę na źródła powstania najstarszego zawodu, przyczyniającego się do rozkwitu starożytnej cywilizacji. Zainteresowanie współczesnych swymi korzeniami łączy się z odnalezieniem wskazówek przeciwdziałających rutynie i monotonii codziennych nauczycielskich czynności. Być może dawne maksy-my pozwolą zrozumieć zewnętrzne transformacje, ich kontekst oraz umożliwią wkroczenie nauczającemu na ścieżkę zmian swej mentalności i obranego stylu pracy. Przeprowadzone teoretyczne dywagacje oddają istotę poruszanych obecnie wybranych problemów nauczycielskiego zawodu, wynikającego z modelu i kon-cepcji pedagogicznego myślenia, oddziałującego na proces kształcenia młodych i ich przygotowanie do projektowania i budowania swojej cywilizacji.
    The article refers to the beginnings of the creation of the teaching profession, formation and development thereof in the given conditions and their contexts. Attention has been paid to the sources of the emergence of the oldest profession, contributing to the prosperity of the ancient civilisation. The interest of the contemporaries in their roots is connected with finding guidelines coun-teracting the routine and monotony of the every-day teaching actions. Maybe the old maxims will allow the teacher to understand the external transformations, their context and step on the path of changing his/her mentality and the once-chosen working style. The theoretical divagations conducted here reflect the es-sence of the currently raised problems of the teaching profession resulting from the model and conception of pedagogical thinking, influencing the process of educating the youth and their preparation to design and build their civilisation.
    Źródło:
    Konteksty Pedagogiczne; 2013, 1, 8
    2300-6471
    Pojawia się w:
    Konteksty Pedagogiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ancient and modern civilization as the chosen context for teacher development
    Starożytna i nowoczesna cywilizacja jako wybrany kontekst rozwoju nauczyciela
    Autorzy:
    Kabat, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/646437.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Libron
    Tematy:
    teacher
    civilization
    antiquity
    , modernity
    context
    development
    pedagogical thinking
    nauczyciel
    cywilizacja
    starożytność
    współczesność
    kontekst
    rozwój
    myślenie pedagogiczne
    Opis:
    Artykuł nawiązuje do początków tworzenia nauczycielskiej profesji, jej konstytuowania się i rozwoju w danych warunkach i ich kontekstach. Zwró-cono w nim uwagę na źródła powstania najstarszego zawodu, przyczyniającego się do rozkwitu starożytnej cywilizacji. Zainteresowanie współczesnych swymi korzeniami łączy się z odnalezieniem wskazówek przeciwdziałających rutynie i monotonii codziennych nauczycielskich czynności. Być może dawne maksy-my pozwolą zrozumieć zewnętrzne transformacje, ich kontekst oraz umożliwią wkroczenie nauczającemu na ścieżkę zmian swej mentalności i obranego stylu pracy. Przeprowadzone teoretyczne dywagacje oddają istotę poruszanych obecnie wybranych problemów nauczycielskiego zawodu, wynikającego z modelu i kon-cepcji pedagogicznego myślenia, oddziałującego na proces kształcenia młodych i ich przygotowanie do projektowania i budowania swojej cywilizacji.
    The article refers to the beginnings of the creation of the teaching profession, formation and development thereof in the given conditions and their contexts. Attention has been paid to the sources of the emergence of the oldest profession, contributing to the prosperity of the ancient civilisation. The interest of the contemporaries in their roots is connected with finding guidelines coun-teracting the routine and monotony of the every-day teaching actions. Maybe the old maxims will allow the teacher to understand the external transformations, their context and step on the path of changing his/her mentality and the once-chosen working style. The theoretical divagations conducted here reflect the es-sence of the currently raised problems of the teaching profession resulting from the model and conception of pedagogical thinking, influencing the process of educating the youth and their preparation to design and build their civilisation.
    Źródło:
    Konteksty Pedagogiczne; 2017, 1, 8
    2300-6471
    Pojawia się w:
    Konteksty Pedagogiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Autorytet nauczyciela w percepcji uczniów i ich rodziców
    The teacher as a role model as perceived by pupils and their parents
    Autorzy:
    Korbelak, Michał
    Burkot, Justyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498491.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Małopolska Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczna w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    autorytet
    nauczyciel
    uczeń
    edukacja
    rozwój
    wychowawca
    motywacja
    szacunek
    zaufanie
    role model
    teacher
    pupil
    education
    development
    tutor
    motivation
    respect
    trust
    Opis:
    Prezentowany artykuł dotyczy autorytetu nauczyciela. Przedstawiono w nim jego definicję w ujęciu kilku równych autorów książek oraz badanej grupy osób. Wyróżniono kilka rodzajów autorytetów nauczycieli: ze względu na zakres wpływu autorytetu, ze względu na rodzaj kwalifikacji nauczyciela oraz ze względu na charakter stanów psychicznych, których występowanie uzależnione jest od poszczególnych kryteriów. Poruszone zostało również zagadnienie dotyczące roli, jaką pełni autorytet nauczyciela w procesie nauczania oraz uczenia uczniów. W niniejszym artykule omówiono w skrócie grupę osób badanych, miejsce badań, a także przyjęte na potrzeby prowadzonych badań: problem główny, hipotezy oraz zmienne. Ukazano, jakie znaczenie – zdaniem uczniów oraz rodziców – pełni autorytet nauczyciela, jakie cechy wpływają pozytywnie, a jakie negatywnie na jego posiadanie oraz jakie filary warunkują jego występowanie. Przytoczono cel badań dla uzyskania niezbędnych informacji dotyczących znaczenia autorytetu nauczyciela w badanym środowisku szkolnym oraz roli, jaką odgrywa on w procesie nauczania, jak i uczenia się poszczególnych uczniów. Ponadto przyjęty został problem główny, sformułowano także hipotezę główną oraz hipotezy szczegółowe. W podsumowaniu podano wnioski końcowe, wynikające z analizy przeprowadzonych badań.
    This article concerns the topic of the teacher as a role model, and presents the definition of this term based on the opinion of several different authors, and a studied group of people. This article addressed several types of "teacher as a role model" figures and further discusses the distinction, qualifications, and specific criteria of each category. Further, this article addresses the role of the teacher as a role model as it applies to the influence a teacher has in the teaching and learning process. This article shortly describes the group of studied people, the place of study, and the followings aspects adopted for the purposes of the conducted studies: the main problem, hypotheses and variables. Both pupils and parents’ views on the importance of the "teacher as a role model" have been shown, as well as the relation of positive and negative influence a teacher can have on the student body. The objective of the study was to gather necessary information about the importance of the teacher as a role model in the school environment, the role played by the role model in the teaching process, as well as its impact on the learning process of individual pupils. In addition to discussing the main problem, the main hypothesis and specific hypotheses have been formulated. Final conclusions that result from the analysis of the conducted studies have been described in the conclusion.
    Źródło:
    Problemy Współczesnej Pedagogiki; 2016, 2, 1; 7-16
    2450-8101
    Pojawia się w:
    Problemy Współczesnej Pedagogiki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ukraińsko-polskie wzajemne wpływy pedagogiczne w wymiarze historycznym: przypadek Wasyla Suchomlińskiego
    Autorzy:
    Sukhomlynska, Olga
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/614595.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    education
    mutual understanding
    teacher
    pedagogy
    development
    influences
    publication
    book
    Polska
    Ukraine
    edukacja
    wzajemne porozumienie
    pedagog
    pedagogika
    rozwój
    wpływy
    publikacja
    książka
    Polska
    Ukraina
    Opis:
    The article is devoted to the importance of the Ukrainian-Polish pedagogical relations for the development of the modern education quality and building a common European home. The historical expertise has its importance for a better understanding the contemporary course of action; the previous achievements in the contemporary intercultural pedagogical space are discussed. It is also elaborated, as an example, the figure of Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi, the Ukrainian pedagogue, and  his creative heritage, relations with the Polish colleagues in 50-60-s of the 20th century, as well as the influence of Janusz Korczak, the famous Polish educator, on his viewpoint.  The development of the Ukrainian-Polish relations and the further influences over the next decades were presented too. There is conducted an analysis on the translation of V. Sukhomlynskyi ‘s works in Poland and the popularization of his ideas by the well-known Polish teachers and researchers, including Aleksander Lewin, Wincenty Okoń, Marian Byblyuk and others. It is underlined micro historical approach prospect that allows to consider the overall process in the light of the individual’s experiences, with educational heritage as an intercultural space component.
    Artykuł poświęcony jest znaczeniu pedagogicznych relacji ukraińsko-polskich dla podniesienia jakości nowoczesnej edukacji i budowy wspólnego europejskiego domu. Wykazuje również znaczenie wykorzystania doświadczenia historycznego dla pełniejszego rozumienia odbywających się obecnie procesów, w celu interpretacji osiągnięć przeszłości we współczesnej międzykulturowej przestrzeni pedagogicznej. Wybrano tu jako przykład postać i dorobek twórczy ukraińskiego pedagoga Wasyla Suchomlińskiego, jego relacje z polskimi kolegami w latach 50-60 XX w. oraz wpływ na jego poglądy pedagogiczne słynnego polskiego pedagoga Janusza Korczaka. Scharakteryzowano również dalszy rozwój stosunków ukraińsko-polskich w ciągu najbliższych dziesięcioleci. W artykule analizowano tłumaczenia książek Suchomlińskiego w Polsce.  Ukazana też została popularyzacja jego pomysłów przez znanych polskich pedagogów-badaczy, w tym Aleksandra Lewina, Wincentegо Okonia, Mariana Bybluka i in. Podkreślono perspektywę podejścia mikrohistorycznego, które pozwala spojrzeć na ogólne procesy historii przez pryzmat losów szczególnego człowieka i jego spuścizny pedagogicznej jako elementu przestrzeni międzykulturowej.
    Źródło:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia; 2016, 29, 2
    0867-2040
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pomoc psychologiczno-pedagogiczna jako wsparcie potencjału rozwojowego dziecka
    Psychological and pedagogical help as support for a child’s developmental potential
    Autorzy:
    Inglot-Kulas, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087411.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Techniczno-Ekonomiczna im. ks. Bronisława Markiewicza w Jarosławiu
    Tematy:
    psychological and pedagogical help
    school
    principal
    teacher
    student
    child
    diagnosis
    needs
    potential
    development
    pomoc psychologiczno-pedagogiczna
    szkoła
    dyrektor
    nauczyciel
    dziecko
    uczeń
    diagnoza
    potrzeby
    potencjał
    rozwój
    Opis:
    Artykuł podejmuje problematykę zagadnień dotyczących organizacji pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej w placówce oświatowej. Przedstawiono w nim podstawowe założenia rozporządzenia w sprawie pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej dla ucznia, zasady organizacji pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej w szkole ogólnodostępnej, rolę dyrektora oraz wychowawcy i nauczycieli w tym zakresie, a także formy pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej. Istotę działań pomocowych stanowi właściwa i wieloaspektowa diagnoza dziecka, rozpoznanie jego indywidualnych potrzeb rozwojowych i edukacyjnych, możliwości psychofizycznych i czynników środowiskowych warunkujących jego funkcjonowanie, a także zaspokajanie potrzeb dziecka.
    The article deals with the issues related to the organization of psychological and pedagogical assistance in an educational institution. It presents the basic assumptions of the regulation on psychological and pedagogical help for students, the principles of it organizing in a public school, the role of a headmaster, an educator and a teacher in this area, as well as forms of psychological and pedagogical support. The essence of that assistance consists of the appropriate and multi-faceted diagnosis of a child, recognition of its individual developmental and educational needs, understanding child’s psychophysical possibilities and environmental factors conditioning its functioning, as well as satisfying the child’s needs.
    Źródło:
    Edukacja • Terapia • Opieka; 2020, 2; 143-155
    2658-0071
    2720-2429
    Pojawia się w:
    Edukacja • Terapia • Opieka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    (Nie)codzienność innowacyjnej działalności nauczyciela
    (Un)commonness of the teacher’s innovative activity
    Autorzy:
    Grzemna, Karolina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/551357.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    zmiana
    oświata
    nauczyciel
    uczeń
    innowacja
    twórczość
    przyczyna
    działania
    potrzeba
    przeszkody
    szkoła
    postęp
    rozwój
    change
    education
    teacher
    student
    innovation
    creativity
    activity,
    cause
    need
    obstacle
    school
    progress
    development
    Opis:
    Artykuł porusza problem działań innowacyjnych nauczyciela. We wstępie w kilku słowach nakreśliłam zagadnienie, które będę opisywać, uwzględniając moją subiektywną ocenę co do powszechności występowania powyższego zjawiska w edukacji. Kolejnym etapem było ukazanie za Romanem Schulzem zmian w oświacie, które pokazują złożoność i wieloetapowość tego procesu. Opisana została również potrzeba wprowadzania innowacji, z uwzględnieniem wszelkich niepoprawnie funkcjonujących aspektów we współczesnej edukacji, które wymagają zmian i unowocześnień. Następnie wyjaśniłam terminy „twórczość” i „innowacja”, uwzględniając interpretacje różnych autorów ze wskazaniem na istotną rolę twórczości w procesie tworzenia innowacji. Ukazałam również najważniejsze pobudki pedagogów do tworzenia zmian w edukacji, a także przeszkody w ich wcielaniu w życie. W podsumowaniu, nawiązując do opisanych kwestii, wskazałam na istotność działań innowacyjnych we współczesnej oświacie, która potrzebuje zmian, by móc lepiej nauczać i rozwijać motywacje uczniów do nauki
    The article discusses innovative activities of the teacher. In the introduction I outline the topic, taking into account my subjective assessment of the prevalence of this phenomenon in education. Next, the article presents changes in education after R. Schulz, which show the complexity and multistepiness of the process. The need for innovation is also discussed, taking into account all aspects of modern education that function improperly and that require change and modernization. In the next part I explain the notion of “creativity” and “innovation”, taking into account the in terpretations of various authors with an indication of the important role of creativity in the process of innovation. I also present the most important motives of educators to introduce changes in education, and obstacles to their implementation. Finally, I point out the importance of innovative activities in modern education, which needs change in order to be able to teach better and develop students’ motivation for learning
    Źródło:
    Relacje. Studia z nauk społecznych; 2017, 3; 31-42
    2543-5124
    Pojawia się w:
    Relacje. Studia z nauk społecznych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metodologiczne problemy badań typu self-report
    Self-report study: methodological problems
    Autorzy:
    Siemaszko, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699246.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1988
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    nauczyciel
    raport własny
    problemy metodologiczne
    zachowanie
    rozwój
    dzieci
    własność
    ankieta
    młodzi ludzie
    przestępczość
    teacher
    self-report
    methodological problems
    behaviour
    development
    children
    property
    questionnaire
    young persons
    delinquency
    Opis:
    Self-report studies are gradually becoming the predominating current of empirical research in criminology. This is particularly the case with etiological studies of deviant behaviour in young persons. However, the present popularity of self-report studies is not accompanied by improvement of their methodological aspect. No important development of the methodology of these studies has occured since the pioneer works of Short and Nye. It is the fundamental aim of the present paper to point to these of the methodological questions on which the further development of self-report studies will depend most. In Chapter I, the first works have been discussed in which the self-report methods were applied. The works anaiyzed are those of Murphy at al. Porterfield, as well as Wallerstein and Wy1e. Particular attention has been given to the methodological and substantive aspects of the series of studies carried out by Short and Nye.             Chapter II contains the presentation of findings of the Polish self-report studies.             The first attempt at a self-report study was made in the early 1960s by Malewska and Muszyński. A national random sample of pupils of the sixth grade of primary school n =2,222) was examined by means of an anonymous questionnaire. The basic aim of the study was to define the children's attitude towards the ownership rights and the situations in which violation of these rights is admissible. Besides, the authors were interested in how children perceived given situations to be thefts. Thus the question whether the respondents ever happened to take another person’s property was but a fragment of the questionnaire which served another purpose in its essence. To the question: "How often do you happen to take another person's property?", 0.8 per cent of the children answered ,,very often," 4.2 pet cent - "often," 26.6 per cent - "sometimes," and. 34.5 per cent-,,seldom’’             Like Malewska and Muszyński, also Szemińska and Gołąb aimed at defining the moral sense of young persons: pupils of primary schools (n=61) and inmates of educational institutions (n= 64), asking also about the extent and structure of deviant behaviour. The respondents answered anonymously in writing.             The two compared groups of boys differed from each other considerably as far as both the frequency and the seriousness of thefts commited was concerned. While the majority of "delinquents" admitted a large number of thefts, the "nondelinquents" 'in their vast majority owned up to 1-2 thefts at most, mostly of small objects they stole from their classmates or next of kin with the intention to use these objects themselves." The study of Szemińska and Gołąb raises doubts, both as regards its merits and methodology. Among other things, in spite of the fact that various offences were committed by both of the discussed groups, the authors use a dichotomic pair of notions: delinquent and non-delinquent, failing to put these words in quotation marks which are necessary in this situation.             In the years 1976-1977, Ostrihanska and Wójcik conducted a large self-report study of a random sample of pupils of grades 3-8 of Warsaw primary schools. 50 schools were selected at random, in which the study was carried out by means of a questionnaire in 120 classes, also randomly selected (n=3,177, of which there were 1,631 boys and 1,546 girls). The self-report study was part of a broader research programme aimed at estimating the extent of social maladjustment in the youth and defining its causes.             Among other things, the questions concerned the following phenomena: school failures, truancy, running away from home, drinking alcohol, taking drugs, free riding, destroying another person’s property, other acts against property (including thefts, frauds, robbery-,,taking something from a younger child by constraint"). The possible answers were as follows: ,,never", ,,once'’, ,,2-3 times’’, ,,4-10 times’’, ,,more frequently’’ .             As expected, both the extent and intensity (frequency of perpetration) of deviant behaviour were higher in the group of boys as compared with girls. For instance, as few as 15.3 per cent of the eldest boys (aged 15) stated that they never took another person's property while the percentage of non-stealing girls among the eldest group was over two times higher (38.0 per cent) In this age group 16.3 per cent of boys stole a dozen or more times, while percentage of girls who committed multiple thefts amounted to as few as 1.4 Instead, no greater differences were found between boys and girls who admitted having stolen once.             In boys, the most frequent were thefts from allotments and gardens (35.2 per cent), thefts from parents (22.8 per cent) and thefts in self-service shops 18.1 per cent). On the other hand the most seldom were thefts from cellars (5.8 per cent), and thefts of wine in shops (9.7 per cent).            Taking another person’s property ranked fourth among the types of deviant acts included IN the study The first position was taken by lies (88.8 per cent of answers in the affirmative). Near1y 90 per cent of boys admitted having chribbed anothe child’s exercise, 25.2 per cent- having destroyed property 2.8 per cent ran away from home, and 2.4 per cent tock drugs. There was an upward tendency with age: elder boys admitted a greater number of deviant acts, and actuallv commited these acts more frequently.             The next self-report study was conducted by Ostrowska and Siemaszko in 1979. It included 2,991 pupils of Warsaw secondary schools (1,197 boys and 1,795 girls). Non-random selection was applied. Young persons of the first and last grades were examined by means of anonymous questionnaire. Among other variables, it contained a list of 42 questions about various types of deviant behaviour, acts of infringement of disciplinary regulations, transgressions and offences, from most trivial (like stealing a ride or failing to return change from shopping) to comparatively serious like house-breaking or robbery. All questions had the same set of possible answers: "never," "once of twice," several times," "a dozen or more-times," ,,more frequently." The examined young persons were characterized by rather a high level of deviance. In the group of boys for instance,539 persons (30.9 per cent) admitted having perpetrated a half of the 42 acts included in the questionnaire at least once, 2.8 per cent of them having committed 27 to 31 acts, and 2.3 per cent-32 to 42 acts. Thus together, 6 per cent of the examined boys were highly deviant. Since the study also revealed a close relationship between the number of acts committed and the frequency of their perpetration, the abovementioned 6 per cent of the examined persons (about 300 boys) are "multiple recidivists" in the interpretation used in self-report studies. Considerable differences in the level of deviant behaviour were found in respect of age and sex. For instance,  the level of deviance in the group of elder boys was four times higher on average as compared with younger girls.             Among the most widespread acts there were free riding (94,6 per cent of girls and 96. 1 per cent of boys), failure to return change from shopping (79.6 and 84.1 per cent respectively), petty frauds in shops (67.6 and 84.0 per cent respectively), and failure to return a found object to its owner (69.9 per cent of girls and 83.8 per cent of boys). Aggressive acts were relatively frequent, particularly among boys. Battery "without an explicit causes” was comitted by 20.2 per cent of boys and 6.5 per cent of girls.11.6 per cent of boys and 2.8 per cent of girls participated in affrays in which dangerous weapons were used. Among thefts, comparatively less serious acts predominated. 16.9 per cent of girls and 31.6 per cent of boys admitted having perpetrated petty thefts. 8.2 per cent of girls and 14.6 per cent of boys stole change from call-boxes. Serious thefts were committed by 1.6 per cent of girls and 4.6 per cent of boys.             Ostrowska and Siemaszko repeated their study in 1981 on a random sample of students of secondary schools in five typically agricultural provinces. 2,144 persons (1,702 boys and 420 girls) aged 14-19, students of 29 schools, were examined. They young persons who participated in the study went to :89 classes that were selected at random. The extent and structure of deviant behaviour were examined by means of a questionnaire identical to the one applied in the previous study Also the way in which the study was carried out in the classes was the same.             In the group of acts termed insubordination, the most widespread one was smoking at under: 14:78,2 per cent of boys and 44,8 per cent of girls admitted it. Somewhat less than 10per cent of the examined persons admitted having run away from home, 2 per cent of them having run away several times. Over 20 per cent of the respondents admitted having had their identity papers checked by the police (30 per cent of boys) and somewhat less than 7 per cent took drugs.             Among various types of dishonest behaviour the most widespread one was free riding- over 80 per cent. Nearly a half of the examined persons admitted having failed to return a borrowed object; 7 per cent of them did it repeatedly Also nearly 50 per cent of the respondents stole money from their parents:15 per cent of them did it several times, and 5.6 per cent-more frequently.             In the group of offences, thefts predominated. 24.9 per cent of girls and 32.4 per cent of boys admitted having stolen an object or money to the value of under 100 złotys (the percentage amounting to 38.6 in the  group of eldest boys); nearly 20 per cent of them repeatedly stole money from their parents.             About 25 per cent of the examined persons committed shop- lifting, the percentage of shop-lifters in the group of eldest boys exceeding 40. The acts of breaking into cellars, recesses, attics etc., were committed by 15 per cent of the respondents 6.1 per cent of girls and 17.2 per cent of boys. The most seldom offences against property were: robbery (2.4 per cent of girls, 10.1 per cent of boys), stealing from call-boxes (6.6 per cent of girls, 7.8 per cent of boys), thefts of money to the amount of 500-1000 złotys (6 .2 per cent of girls, 7.0  per cent of boys), failure to pay the bill in a restaurant (3.3 per cent of girls, 5.6 per cent of boys) and thefts of over 1 000 zlotys (2.8 per cent of girls and 5.6 per cent of boys). Among aggressive behavior, brawls and beatings prevailed (25 per cent of girls and 50 per cent of' boys). In Chapter III the most important methodological problems related to self-report studies are discussed. In self-report studies, both direct (e. g. ,,have you stolen), and indirect and euphemistic questions (e, g. ,,have you ever happened to take and not to give back. ") can be found. The indirect questions undoubtedly less  threatening. Yet on the other hand, those asked directly are probably  easier to interpret explicitly. There is no proof as to the superiority of any of these ways of asking. However indirect and euphemistic questions prevail in self-report studies.             The degree of abstractness of questions varies. The good point of clearcut questions (e.g. ''have you ever taken and failed to give back some article in a supermarket") is that the highly detailed formulation may help the respondent to recall an event which the researcher is interested in. On the other hand, their weak point is that the respondent cannot be relied upon to admit having acted in another, very similar yet not identical way. Unfortunately, the majority of self-report questionnaires contain questions about inseparate classes of phenomena. Hence the danger of one and the same act being counted several times.             In self-report studies, the number of questions about deviant behavior is an important problem. One should bean it in mind that the deviant acts taken into account by the researcher are always nothing but a certain sample of the totality of such acts, the parameters of which are usually unknown (e.g. Christie et al.). The greater the number of acts taken into account, the more standard the "sample of acts" seems to be with respect to the "totality of acts." There are great differences as regards the number of acts included: from several (e.g.  Hirschi, Dentler and Monroe) up to several dozen (e.g. Gibson).             Today time limits are usually introducted as regards the period between the act and the moment of examination one year as a rule), though Short and Nye introducted no limits as regards the period during which the respondents committed the admitted acts. Shorter periods can also be found. (e.g. Simone et al, - 2 months, Lipton and Smith - 18 months). The limits are among the most important problems in self-report studies, since it is on them that the estimation depends on the level of deviance of the entire examined group, as well as the precise estimation of the separate respondents levels of  deviance. The views on the optimum time limits are not uniform. Different sets of possible answers to the questions about deviant behaviour can be found: from most precise (e.g. "once," "twice," etc.) to most general and ambigous (e.g. "seldom," ,,frequently"). A strictly enumerative set of answers may be methodologically correct only in the case of a short period (one year or less). In the remaining cases, this set may be misleading as one hardly expects the examined persons to remember past events with such accuracy.             The questions about deviant behaviour may constitute a separate block (nay a separate questionnaire), or they may be put among other questions. There are no studies showing the good and weak points of each of these two solutions. It seems more proper however, to "mask" the aim of the study by interlarding the questions about deviant behaviour with those neutral or concerning "acts of kindness."             When the level or "depth" of the examined person's deviant involvement is defined, an important problem emerges: acts with different "charges of deviance are taken into account here. Therefore, one can either try and attach different weights to them, or treat all of them as equally serious. Christie et al. ranked acts according to the judges opinion. Morash weighted them with the use of Selling and Wolfgang's scale of seriousness of offences. In Hindelang's study, the weight of acts was defined by specialists by means of a fivepoint scale. Hepburn weighted deviant acts basing on appraisals done by the examined persons themselves. However in the vast majority of self-report studies, no weigh ting procedure is applled. As shown by Farrington, weighting procedures fail to contribute substantially to the increase in accuracy of measurement.             An anonymous questionnaire, though most frequentlv applied, is not the only method of gathering information about unrecorded deviant behaviour. E, g. Gold (and other researchers who applied Gold’s scale) employed a questionnaire interview In Belson's study a card sorting procedure was applied. This method of gathering information is particularly popular in England (see also Gibson, Farrington, West, Morash, Shapland). Hirschi examined his respondents with a signed questionnaire. Should the differences in veracity of answeers of a signed and anonymous questionnaire prove to be inessential (and there is much to be said for it, e.g. Krohn, Waldo and Chiracos), it would be advisable to use the signed version (because of the possibility of comparing the separate sociometric choices or comparing the findings with external sources of information).             The main objection raised to self-report studies concerns the doubtful veracity of the data gathered this way (Dentler, Liska).             A relatively small number of studies concerned the reliability of self-report studies, e.g. the stability of findings in time. This is the most difficult problem in the case of a strictly anonymous questionnaire as the separate respondents cannot be retest. Only global distributions are compared then (e.g the scores of respondents in a given class) Siemaszko finds no valid differences between the distributions answers about deviant acts between a test and a retest which took place there months later. Dentler and Monroe found that 92 per cent of answers to a test and a retest two weeks 1ater were consistent, yet the respondents could still have remembered their previous answers in this case. Belson conducted a retest after a shorter period still: one week. The percentage of consistent answers amounted to 88. Also Farrington’s study revealed rarther a high degree of consistency in spite of the two year's interval. The percentage of mistakes in the test or retest was 3.2 The tendency to inconsistent answers was less explicit if the general scores of the examined persons on the deviance scales were analyzed and not the proportion of their affirmative and negative answers to the separate questions (11.5 per cent of the, examined persons found themselves in another quartile than Before). The results obtained by Shapland were parallel. The results seem to point to a high stability of self-report questionnaires in time.             Hardt and Peterson-Hardt distinguish the following methods of defining the validity of self-report questionnaires: comparing with external sources of information, comparing with a known group, lie scales, and defining face validity.             The most frequent method of defining the validity of questionnaires used in examination of unrecorded deviant behaviour is the comparison of the respondents' answers with other reliable sources of information. Erickson and Empey found that none of their respondents concealed their contact with the police or an offence with which they were charged. According to Gold, the probability of contacts with the police diminishes monotonically together with decrease of frequency of offences admitted during the examination. Gibson, Morrison and West found a high consistency between  offences revealed by means of the self-report method and the contents of the police files. Hindelang found a distinct positive interdependence between high scores in the deviance scale and having a record in the police files. Farrington, as well as Farrington and West, examined the so-called predictive validity of self-report questionnaires. It appeared that those of the examined persons who score highest in deviance scales at the moment. A, have records in the police files much more frequently at the moment B. Gould compared the scores in the Short,/Nye scale with those in the recorded crime scale, finding a high, positive and valid interdependence.             Results of self-report tests were also compared with other sources of information (teachers, colleagues, social workers, etc.). As shown by Jessor, Graves, Hanson and Jessor, results of the self-report tests tally with appraisals of the degree of deviant involvement made by teachers and colleagues of the examined persons. Also Gould compared the respondents' statements with appraisals of their behaviour made by their colleagues and teachers. The interdependence proved to be as expected. Hardt and Peterson-Hardt compared statements in which the examined persons admitted having robbed parkometers with the official data concerning the extent of these thefts. The respondents appeared to have answered truthfully.             In many studies scores of school children and of institutionalized youth were  compared. As demonstrated already by Short and Nye, although the inmates of reformatories scored somewhat higher than students of normal schools, nevertheless the profiles of distributions and their structure were analogous. Voss found the correlates of deviance in groups of school children and institutionalized youth to be parallel. This finding was confirmed in many other studies. The only exception here is the parents socio-economic status. Uniformity of views could not have been reached as yet as to whether the positive interdependence between the socio-economic status and deviant behaviour found in the majority of self-report studies is artificial or real (see i.a. Tribble, Axenroth, Hindelang Hirschi and Waise).             Much can be said about the validity of a self-report questionnaire only on the grounds of the distributions of answers to the separate questions, Siemaszko found the percentage of affirmative answers to decrease monotonically with the increase of seriousness of the act and its scarcity in the general population. In the same study the percentage of affirmative  answers to the question about being checked by the police was found to be higher than that concerning detention: also the level of deviance of elder as compared with younger and boys as compared with girls proved higher, These results agree with theoretical expectations, Hardt and Peterson-Hardt found the percentage of affirmative answers to the questions about acts commited during  the last year to be generally lower than it is the case with questions that concerned also acts commited longer before. Not all of self-report questionnaires contain lie scales. Moreover, the researchers are not in agreeement as to the usefulness of such scales this type of studies (i.a. Farrington, Smart, Hardt, Peterson- Hardt). I seems that lie scales should be employed Questions should however be avoided  which  might be correlated with deviant behaviour, as in such case there is the danger of the lie scale becoming the reverse of that of deviance.             The popularity of self-report studies was determined by the effectiveness of this method (relatively low cost 1ittle time consuming, promptitude and the possibility of examining large samples) Today, self-report studies have become popular in spite of the fact that many important methodological problems have not been solved yet.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 1988, XV; 33-93
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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