- Tytuł:
-
Idea wolności w filozofii grecko-rzymskiej
Ideas of Freedom in Greco-Roman Philosophy - Autorzy:
- Kowalczyk, Stanisław
- Powiązania:
- https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1858031.pdf
- Data publikacji:
- 1999
- Wydawca:
- Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
- Tematy:
-
anarchia
człowiek
demokracja
dyktatura
wolność
wolność woli
wolność społeczno-polityczna
państwo
państwo totalitarne
anarchy
man
democracy
dictatorship
freedom
freedom of will
socio--political freedom
State
totalitarian State - Opis:
- Ancient philosophy distinguished three meanings of the notion of freedom: an individual man's freedom of choice and decision, freedom of social-political life and freedom (sovereignty) of the state. This latter meaning was considered the most important form of freedom. In his conception of an “ideal state” Plato advised abolition of private property and monogamy for the political élite (the so called “guards”), which is a feature of a totalitarian state. He distinguished three models of state: monarchic, aristocratic and democratic. He accepted the latter model, but he warned against maximising individual freedom, as it leads to anarchy in social life, which in turn is a source of tyranny. Aristotle appreciated democracy more, as it best puts into effect the postulates of freedom, equality and justice. The other form of freedom, according to his approach, is freedom understood as enabling a man to choose rationally, which should be preceded by reflection. His conception of man's existential freedom (proaíresis) is close to the theory of free will (liberum arbitrium) in the Christian thought. The Stoics concentrated their attention on inner-moral freedom that they identified with the attitude of keeping a distance to man's existential vicissitudes. Some of them (Marcus Aurelius) joined the idea of inner freedom with philosophy of naturalistic pantheism, others (Epictetus) considered God as the source of moral freedom. Plotinus was also mainly interested in man's inner freedom, which he explained in the context of the pantheistic conception of the absolute.
- Źródło:
-
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 1999, 27, 1; 17-31
0137-4176 - Pojawia się w:
- Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
- Dostawca treści:
- Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł