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Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
Tytuł:
The integrity of elections in Albania as a duality between the law and their administration. Electoral management body in the circle of cause – effect for elections performance
Autorzy:
Kryemadhi, Monika
Luzi-Lleshi, Lefteri
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036412.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
elections
stakeholders
decision-making
electoral process
electoral procedure
central case approach
Opis:
It is important to note that at the end of the election process there is a question laying before to all stakeholders: Did these elections meet the international standards of electoral integrity? Countries around the world have a challenge in common. They are challenged to meet international standards of electoral integrity. There are no standards met in elections if the main stakeholders fail to be successful in their commitments or fail to commit themselves in meeting their responsibilities. Especially if the body which is in charge of administering the election process, such as the Central Election Commission, faces challenges to act in full “engine”, the probability to fail is higher. Albania held in June 2013, general political elections under the new proportional – closed list system, being implemented for the second time following June 2009 elections. The Central Election Commission was reformulated following extensive amendments to the Electoral Code. Was this Body capable to keep in consideration the constitutional right/universal right of people to vote periodically in order to elect their representatives freely, without interference? What is important to note, is that despite challenges, the body in charge of the administration of the voting process showed integrity and willingness to respect the law and universal suffrage rights, answering to the key question: Did these elections met the international standards of electoral integrity?
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2014, 10; 93-102
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ship domain model for multi-ship collision avoidance decision-making with COLREGs based on artificial potential field
Autorzy:
Wang, T.F.
Yan, X.P.
Wang, Y.
Wu, Q.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
ship domain
ship domain model
collision avoidance
colregs
Artificial Potential Field (AFP)
decision-making
Predicted Area of Danger (PAD)
Closest Point of Approach (CPA)
Opis:
A multi-ship collision avoidance decision-making and path planning formulation is studied in a distributed way. This paper proposes a complete set of solutions for multi-ship collision avoidance in intelligent navigation, by using a top-to-bottom organization to structure the system. The system is designed with two layers: the collision avoidance decision-making and the path planning. Under the general requirements of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), the performance of distributed path planning decision-making for anti-collision is analyzed for both give-way and stand-on ships situations, including the emergency actions taken by the stand-on ship in case of the give-way ship’s fault of collision avoidance measures. The Artificial Potential Field method(APF) is used for the path planning in details. The developed APF method combined with the model of ship domain takes the target ships’ speed and course in-to account, so that it can judge the moving characteristics of obstacles more accurately. Simulation results indicate that the system proposed can work effectiveness.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2017, 11, 1; 85-92
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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