Wszystkie pola: policy of law - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Compliance policy as a manifestation of legal pluralism
Autorzy:: Nowak, Celina
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788274.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019-04-07
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: compliance norms
compliance policy
legal pluralism
criminal law
Opis:: The aim of article is to describe the role of ‘compliance norms’, which functions as a preventive tool, also deters potential perpetrators of crimes and protects private entities from liability. Author analyzes the system of compliance norms in the context of compliance with criminal law as part of the phenomenon of legal pluralism.
Źródło:: Studia Prawnicze; 2018, 3 (215); 89-102
0039-3312
2719-4302
Pojawia się w:: Studia Prawnicze
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Wpływ dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2008/99/WE z dnia 19 listopada 2008 r. na polską politykę kryminalną
Impact Directive 2008/99/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on crime policy in Poland
Autorzy:: Wójcicka, Marta
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452315.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki Euroregionalnej im. Alcide De Gasperi w Józefowie
Tematy:: EU law
the protection of the environment
criminal law
criminal policy
prawo UE
dyrektywa Parlamentu Europejskiego
ochrona środowiska
prawo karne
polityka kryminalna
Opis:: European Union law determines the development of the internal law of the Member States directly or indirectly in almost every area of their activity. One of the important functions of the state is to protect the environment. Th e establishment and implementation of the principle of sustainable development, as well as intensifi ed by the European Union for last several years environmental policy, has forced changes aimed at improving the fi ght against crimes against the environment. Th e changes introduced by the Directive 2008/99/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on the protection of the environment through criminal law had an impact on crime policy in Poland. Th is article was devoted to discussion of changes in the Polish Criminal Code that have taken place under the infl uence of this directive. At the same time article contains the explanation of the directive, as an act constituted by the EU institutions and its role in the creation of domestic law in the Member States.
Prawo Unii Europejskiej determinuje rozwój prawa wewnętrznego państw członkowskich pośrednio lub bezpośrednio, praktycznie w każdej dziedzinie ich aktywności. Jedną z istotnych funkcji państwa jest ochrona środowiska naturalnego. Powstanie i wdrażanie zasady zrównoważonego rozwoju, a także zintensyfi kowana od kilkunastu lat przez Unię Europejską polityka ochrony środowiska wymusiła wprowadzenie zmian, których celem jest skuteczniejsze zwalczanie przestępstw przeciwko środowisku naturalnemu. Zmiany wprowadzone poprzez dyrektywę Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2008/99/WE z dnia 19 listopada 2008 r. w sprawie ochrony środowiska poprzez prawo karne miały wpływ na politykę kryminalną w Polsce. Niniejszy artykuł poświęcono omówieniu reformy polskiego kodeksu karnego, która dokonała się pod wpływem tego aktu wtórnego prawa UE. Artykuł zawiera w sobie objaśnienie roli dyrektywy, jako aktu stanowionego przez instytucje UE, w kształtowaniu prawa wewnętrznego państw członkowskich.
Źródło:: Journal of Modern Science; 2015, 25, 2; 427-439
1734-2031
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Modern Science
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Negatywne konsekwencje imperializmu ekonomii na przykładzie ekonomicznej analizy prawa karnego
Autorzy:: Żuk, Andrzej Jakub
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2036864.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021-12-14
Wydawca:: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:: Economics imperialism
boundaries of economics
Law & Economics
criminal law
retributivism
drug policy
Imperializm ekonomii
granice ekonomii
ekonomiczna analiza prawa
prawo karne
retrybutywizm
polityka antynarkotykowa
Opis:: Celem pracy było ukazanie negatywnych skutków imperializmu ekonomii w obszarze prawa karnego, na płaszczyźnie teoretycznej i praktycznej. Przejawem tego imperializmu jest ekonomiczna analiza prawa karnego opierająca się na podejściu ekonomicznym i utylitarnym. W części teoretycznej ukazano ograniczenia dwóch głównych filarów ekonomicznej analizy prawa: racjonalności instrumentalnej (kalkulacyjnej) jednostki oraz efektywności ekonomicznej (utylitarnej) działania prawa, na tle tradycyjnej teorii prawa karnego (retrybutywizmu). Następnie w części praktycznej przeciwstawiono się ekonomicznie motywowanemu postulatowi legalizacji narkotyków, wykazując słabości takiej argumentacji oraz przedstawiając alternatywny, choć również ugruntowany ekonomicznie, scenariusz negatywnych konsekwencji społecznych i ekonomicznych końca prohibicji narkotykowej.
The aim of the work has been to show the negative effects of economics imperialism in the area of criminal law, on the theoretical and practical levels. The manifestation of this type of imperialism is the economic analysis of criminal law, based on an economic and utilitarian approach. The theoretical part shows the limitations of the two main pillars of the economic analysis of law: the instrumental (calculational) rationality of an individual and the economic (utilitarian) effectiveness of law, against the background of the traditional theory of criminal law (retributivism). Then, in the practical part, the economically motivated postulate of legalizing drugs has been opposed, demonstrating the weaknesses of such arguments and presenting an alternative, although also economically well-grounded, scenario of negative social and economic consequences of the end of drug prohibition.
Źródło:: Przegląd Prawno-Ekonomiczny; 2021, 4; 135-155
1898-2166
Pojawia się w:: Przegląd Prawno-Ekonomiczny
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Przestępczość i polityka karna sądów w Węgierskiej Republice Ludowej
Crime and the penal policy of courts in the Hungarian peoples republic
Autorzy:: Kubiak, Jacek R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699255.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1987
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: polityka karna
republika ludowa
przestępczość
ustawodawstwo
prawo karne
Węgry
orzecznictwo
gwałt
sądownictwo
pozbawienie wolności
grzywna
ludobójstwo
people's republic
criminality
legislation
criminal law
Hungary
certification
rape
judiciary
deprivation of liberty
fine
genocide
criminal policy
criminal Policy
Opis:: There is in Hungary a many years tradition. of gathering and publishing criminal statistics and its theoretical analysis. This tradition dates back to the early 19th century. In the modern days, it was discontinued in the years 1944-1956 only. However, in 1957, the publication of the basic data of criminal statistics in Statistical Yearbooks published by the central statistical Office was started anew. As shown by an analysis of the trends of the number of convictions of adults in the years 1944-1984 based on official sources, there is a high substantial changes in these trends with changes in the provisions of the penal law and to some extent in the socio-political climate. The following can thus be noticed: A very big number of convictions in the late fourties and early fifties (with the culminating point in 1952), accompanied by rapid drops in the years when amnesty laws were passed or new provisions of the penal law were introduced. A great drop in the number of convictions in 1956 and, 1957 which was related directly first of all to the course of events before and after October 23, 1956, and to the fact that a part of the jurisdiction of common courts of law was taken over by special courts of law was taken over by special courts the activity of which is not reflected in the analysed statistical data. A relative stabilization of the number of convictions in the years of gradual socio-political consolidation ( 1958-1962). A gradual increase in the number of convictions after the entering into force of the Penal Code of 1961 and its amendment of 1971. Accompanied by intermittent drops in the amnesty years and in the years when provisions that modified the Penal Code entered into force. An increase in the number of convictions after the entering into force of the Penal Code of 1978. The rate of convictions per 100,000 of the population in 1984 was 2'5 times higher than in 1952, but not much lower than the 1961 rate. The rise in crime in the recent years is also evident in the available data from the police and public prosecutor's statistics. The number of reported offences went up by one-third in the period 1965-1985 and has a constant upward trend. Among the offences reported most numerous are offences against property (about 60 per cent of all reported offences), traffic offences (about 12-13 per cent), offences against public order (hooliganism and parasitism in particular), and offences against person (about 7-8 per cent). As compared with 1965, the number of burglaries was 3.5 times as big in the eighties, and the number of robberies - 7 . times. The number of traffic offences increased by over one-third as well. Also offences against person reveal a small upward trend, with the number of homicides being stable. However, the number of homicides in Hungary has for many years been considerably larger than the mean European figure (mean homicide rate per 100,000 of the population amounting to 3.8 in the years 1979--1983). The rise in crime concerned financial offences also (offences against the foreign currency exchange regulations, against customs regulations, tax offences) which are included in ,the group of offences against the national economy. The penal policy of the Hungarian courts has rather frequently been subject to spectacular transformations. In the early seventies, stabilization was achieved in this policy which manifested itself by a limited application of unconditional deprivation of liberty and by a broad use of fine and other measures not involving deprivation of liberty. However, the rise in crime in the eighties influenced a more frequent application of unconditional deprivation of liberty, which resulted in the growth of prison population. In 1979, the number of persons deprived of liberty amounted to 16,764 (157 per 100,000 of the population), while in 1984 the respective number was 21,884 (205 per 100.000 of the population). In Hungary, conditional suspension of the execution of the penalty of deprivation- of liberty is not as popular as in other European socialist countries. For every fifth convicted person, the execution of penalty is suspended. In 1973, the courts for the- first time passed a greater number of fines (48.8 per cent) than prison sentences (43.9 per cent). In the-following years, the share of fines in the structure of penalties even exceeded 50 per cent. However, after entering into force of the new Penal code, an unexpected drop in the number of fines took place things to the which was due among other fact that some of the petty offences were removed from the Penal Code , and that a new penal measure without deprivation of liberty, i.e. probation, was introduced. In 1983, the share of fines dropped to 40 per cent of all sentences. The Hungarian courts were most reluctant to apply the penalty of corrective and educational work as soon as the penalty was introduced in 1950. For a dozen-odd years the share of this penalty in all penalties imposed never exceeded 10 per cent. After the 1961 Penal Code was introduced the penalty of corrective and educational work showed an upward trend (up to 15,8 per cent in 1964), but later on started to fall up, to 4 per cent in 1983. In the years 1962 -1983. common courts sentenced 105 persons to death penalty, for qualified homicide in the vast majority of cases. Since 1968, this penalty has been applied exlusively towards the perpetrators of homicide. In 1984, the extent of reported crime in Hungary was similar to that found in Poland (1, 470 per 100,000 o0f the population); however, in Hungary the response to the rise in crime has been in general much more balanced and quiet.
Źródło:: Archiwum Kryminologii; 1987, XIV; 43-95
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Czynny żal jako instrument polityki kryminalnej i karnej
Active repentance as an instrument of criminal and penal policy
Autorzy:: Sitarz, Olga
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698486.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: polityka kryminalna
polityka karna
criminal law
active repentance
Opis:: The object of the analysis are the institution known in the criminal law as active repentance and other similar normative institutions, which are sometimes referred to by scientists as active repentance in its broad sense or as quasi-active repentance. I was interested in the behavior of the perpetrator after commitment of an offence as a factor affecting the extent of perpetrator’s criminal liability in the context of criminal and penal policy (legally permissible modification of criminal responsibility in individual cases). Even a brief review of the institutions of active repentance in the Polish criminal law (regulated in the general and specific chapters of the Penal Code) allows to state that there is no uniformity, consistency, and rationality in shaping of this substantial instrument of criminal and penal policy. Sometimes one may have an impression that the issue of active repentance was regulated quite accidentally, not as a part of the comprehensive, rational criminal policy pursued by the entire criminal justice system. Since the key question is whether the established and accepted objectives and functions of punishment and / or criminal law can be achieved without a punishment, therefore the first part of the article is devoted to theories and functions of the penalty in conjunction with the reasons and functions attributed to active repentance. The different functions of an active repentance – to increase the efficiency – require some specific element in the design of this institution to be taken into consideration. These variables may be: if the benefits gained by the repentant are facultative or mandatory, the extent of the benefits, additional requirements imposed on the offender related to his conduct, an indication of a shorter or longer time limit to meet the statutory requirements and / or conditions related to repentant’s motivation, directory of the deeds in which the perpetrator can use the benefits arising from his active repentance, and indirectly also the place and method of regulation. Whether these variables should include consent of the victim, with all its consequences, probably also needs to be taken into consideration. Referring to the presented features of active repentance, by operating with the indicated variables, one can attempt to construct a variety of models of active repentance appropriate for performance of specific functions. Assuming its preventive function, active repentance should be provided for the widest range of crimes possible. Preferably, active repentance should be described clearly and precisely in the general part of the Criminal Code. Benefits provided for the accused person should be as wide as possible and always obligatory. Effective preventive function enforces the need to spread this instrument, especially the profits associated with it.
Źródło:: Archiwum Kryminologii; 2009, XXXI; 159-172
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Pomiędzy zasadą poufności zawodowej a obowiązkiem denuncjacji – czy polskie prawo lekceważy, czy chroni tajemnicę zawodową psychologa?
Between confidentiality policy and an obligation to denounce – does Polish law ignore or protect professional secrecy of psychologists?
Autorzy:: Bocheński, Maciej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/960672.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019-07-19
Wydawca:: Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
Tematy:: tajemnica zawodowa psychologa
etyka
prawo karne
professional secrecy of psychologists
ethics
criminal law
Opis:: Poufność jest bez wątpienia jedną z najważniejszych zasad wykonywania zawodu psychologa. Prawo polskie gwarantuje ochronę tajemnicy zawodowej psychologów (także poprzez przepisy kodeksu karnego penalizujące jej naruszenie). Jednak to samo prawo (polski Kodeks karny) zmusza psychologów do przełamania zasady poufności, a to w przypadku powzięcia przez nich wiarygodnej informacji o określonych przestępstwach. Celem tej publikacji jest próba rozstrzygnięcia kolizji wartości pomiędzy zasadą przestrzegania tajemnicy zawodowej i zasadą bezpieczeństwa publicznego oraz dobra wymiaru sprawiedliwości. Wynik takiej analizy może być z pewnością pomocny dla psychologów w rozwiązaniu konfliktu między zawodową dyskrecją a obowiązkami prawnymi w zakresie zgłaszania przestępstw.
Confidentiality is without a doubt one of the most important rules in psychologist's profession. Polish law guarantees the protection of professional secrecy of psychologists (also in the provisions of the penal code which criminalize its violation). However, the same law (Polish penal code) forces psychologists to break the policy of confidentiality in the case of gathering a reliable information about certain crimes by. The aim of the current publication is to elaborate on the collision of the values of keeping professional secrecy and of public security and justice system. The outcome of the analysis can with certainty be helpful for psychologists in solving a conflict between professional secrecy and a legal obligation regarding reporting a crime.
Źródło:: Psychologia Wychowawcza; 2019, 57(15); 139-151
0033-2860
Pojawia się w:: Psychologia Wychowawcza
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Polska myśl kryminologiczna od schyłku XIX w. do 1939 r.
The Polish Criminological Thought from the Close of the 19th Century till 1939
Autorzy:: Nelken, Jan
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699220.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1986
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:: kryminologia
prawo karne
historia
filozofia
szkoła antropologiczna
psychopatia
socjologia
osobowość
przestępca
polityka kryminalna
criminology
criminal law
history
philosophy
anthropological school
psychopaty
sociology
personality
criminal
criminal policy
polish criminological thought
Opis:: Both the anthropological school of Lombroso, established in the late half of the 19th century, and the sociological school established by Ferri and other criminologists ( Liszt, Prins, van Hammel, Tarde) met with a keen interest in Poland. However, the anthropological school was criticized, as it was the case in other countries too, both by the classical school of penal law, and from the sociological point of view. A critical analysis of the views of Lombroso and his successors was made by the leading representative of the classical school of penal law in Poland in those days Krzymuski who postulated that recognition of the individual’s free will to be condition of his penal liability, Krzymuski opposed free will to be conception of a born criminal propagated by Lombroso. Lombroso’s theory was also criticized by Krzywicki, a sociologist and anthropologist who considered the former’s approach towards the conditions of crime to be too narrow, leaving out of account those resulting from the social and economic conditions. On the other hand, Polish criminologists considered it to be Lombroso’s unquestionable merit that he had called attention to the necessity of studying the offender's personality, and in this way initiated the modern criminology. Opinions of various sociological schools were discussed in the Polish literature and accepted by the majority of authors starting from the close of the 19th century. In particular, the most accepted one was the opinion that offence is a result of both individual and social factors, and the aim of punishment meted out by the court should be not only to deter. the perpetrator from committing offences, but also to reeducate him. Due to the fact that in the 19th-centuiy judicial practice the sentence depended on the extent of damage caused by the offender, it was emphasized in the Polish literature that punishment should take into consideration also the offender's individual features, as it is only then that it can fulfil its tasks (Stebelski). With the accepted division of offenders into professional and causal, the fact was stressed that - if the offender reveals a tendency to relapse into crime- the measures the society applies towards him should be more drastic since the society has to defend itself against incorrigible criminals in an effective way. Instead, more lenient measures should be applied towards causal offenders, such measures being sufficient for their reeducation. In the period between the two world wars, criminology in Poland became a separate branch and extended its range; the establishment of the Polish Criminological Society in 1921 and of the Department of Criminology at the Free Polish University in 1922, later (I932) transformed into the Criminological Institute, contributed to this situation. The Polish criminology of that period faced the task of studying and defining in detail the basic factors of crime: individual (endogenous) and social (exogenous). This was related to the necessity to learn about the sources of crime with the aim of its effective control by means of preparing a Penal Code and properly shaping the criminal policy (Wróblewski). When studying the individual factors of crime, particular attention was paid to the psychopathic personality. Criminal psychopaths were believed to suffer from a pathological moral defect resulting from their underdevelopment in the sphere of emotions. It was stated that psychopaths who committed an offence should not be recognized as mentally irresponsible (Nelken). Psychopathy cannot be treated psychiatrically; on the other hand, intensified resocialization of the offender is necessary here, conditions for this treatment created during his prison term. At the same time, an adequate segregation of prisoners should be applied based on the psychopathological criterion (Łuniewski). The science of the offender's personality was called criminal biology; it dealt with the physical and mental structure of the offender. Criminal biology was to make use of the general anthropological, psychological and psychiatric data as well as those gathered by means of other clinical methods. Aimed at gathering comprehensive data concerning the whole of the offender’s mental and physical properties, criminal biology should not confine itself to a mere specification of his various traits: it should also study their origin, methodically examining the development of these properties in the milieu in which the offender’s personality was formed. Thus the criminal-biological research must be made from the psychological and medical as well as sociological points of view. Particular importance was attached to detailed environmental research in the study of juvenile delinquents (Batawia). In the early Thirties, the Ministry of Justice initiated criminological- biological research in prisons. The research was carried out by special commissions with the use of a specially prepared comprehensive questionnaire . The greatest part was played by psychiatric and psychological examination. The criminal-biological research in prisons was interrupted by the outbreak of the war. In connection with the criminogenic role of alcoholism, criminologists spoke for a considerable reduction of production and sale of spirits. Moreover, an opinion was expressed that a commission of an offence in the state of a normal (the so-called physiological) intoxication should not result in the recognition of the offender as mentally irresponsible. Only pathological intoxication may be considered from the point of view of irrespossibility. The offender should not avail himself of his intoxication as a mitigating circumstance (Nelken). The scientists opposed the introduction of compulsory sterilization which was to be applied toward persons whose children could inherit serious pathological traits from them. The opposition had both scientific and humanistic grounds (Łuniewski, Nelken). Compulsory sterilization was not introduced. The main trend of the Polish criminology in the period between the wars corresponded with the sociological school which took into account the relationship between the endogenous (biological) and the exogenous (social) factors in the origins of crime. A vast majority of Polish criminologists opposed the conception of a “born criminal” put forward by Lombroso. Some of the Polish scholars of the period between the wars who used the term “criminal anthropology” (e.g. Rabinowicz), emphasized the evolution of this science which differed from the Lombroso’s doctrine, and postulated the social milieu as a factor be largely taken into consideration in the studies on the causes of crime. In the Polish criminology of those days, the stress was laid principally on criminal biology due to the fact that the internal factor is usually less conspicuous and more difficult to prove than the external one in the etiology of crime. It was emphasized that not all of persons who found themselves in unfavourable social conditions turned offenders (Neymark, Lemkin); therefore, the biological (somato psychological) factor determines the individual’s moral resistance to the unfavourable external conditions. On the other hand, also the social factor, in addition to the biological one, was included in the causes of crime, due to the considerable impact of living conditions on the human mind. The opinion was that - though the etiology of an offence is usually determined by a combination of the external and internal factors - in each case one should attempt to find out which of these factors prevailed in the origin of a given act; this should also be taken into account in the criminological prognosis. In general, the chance for correction is smaller in the case of an offender of the endogenous type who requires a more thorough and longer resocialization as compared with one of the exogenous type; this should be taken into account by the court when meting out punishment (Rabinowicz, Lemkin). The Polish Penal Code of 1932 (in force till 1969) was an expression of the compromise between the classical school of penal law and the sociological school. In the code, many legal structures included in the General Part were formulated in accordance with the achievements of the science of penal law in its classical form; this concerns particularly the definition or the essence of crime and the principles of liability including that of subjectivism as responsibility for a culpable act. A compromising character was given in the code to meting out punishment which was conditioned not only by the weight of the offence according to the classical principle of retribution and deterrence, but also by the offender's personality and the life he had led hitherto according to the instructions of the sociological school (Art. 54). The discussed code did not adopt from the Italian positivism the so-called ante-criminal prevention, i.e.. the application of sanctions towards an individual who has not committed any prohibited act yet. Also indeterminate sentences were not adopted in the Code in relation to penalties and not protective measures, as this would be contradictory to the principle of individualization of punishment. Under the influence of the sociological school the Code contained of a possibility of suspension of ęxceution of the penalty, and of its extraordinary rnitigation, as well as the release from prison before the expiration of term (separately regulated by the law of 1927-) and a possibility to mete out a more severe penalty in the case of recidivists. In addition to the medical security measures, which consisted in the commitment of the offender to a mental hospital and which the court could apply towards the persons guilty of acts committed in the state of mental irresponsibility or decreased responsibility, the code introduced - basing on the postulates of the sociological school-isolating security measures applied towards the offenders whose acts were connected with reluctance to work, and towards recidivists and professional as well as habitual criminals if their staying at liberty endangered the legal order. The isolating security measures were applied together with the penalty (not instead of it), the necessity of their application connected with the ‘’ state of danger", i.e. the perpetrator's probability of commission of further offences; in the criminological literature, subjective and state of objective criteria of the danger were distinguished (Strasman). According to Art. 84 of the Penal Code, offenders of this type were committed to a special institution for at least 5 years, and the court decided after the termination of each such period whether it was necessary to prolong the commitment for the next five years. In the Penal Code of 1932, also the measures applied towards juvenile delinquents were divided into educational measures on the one hand, and commitment to a corrective institution on the other hand, depending on the juvenile's age and of his possible discernment or lack there of when committing the forbiden act.
Źródło:: Archiwum Kryminologii; 1986, XIII; 223-260
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:: Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Dopalacze – „legalne narkotyki” – substancje zagrażające życiu i zdrowiu – postawa administracji publicznej – zwalczanie czy kontrola?
Designer Drugs – “Legal Drugs” – Substances that Threaten Life and Health – the Attitude of Public Administration – Fighting or Controlling?
Autorzy:: Stasiak, Jarosław
Matyjek, Sebastian Konrad
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50358888.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:: narkotyki
dopalacze
polityka narkotykowa
prawo karne
administracja publiczna
drugs
designer drugs
drug policy
criminal law
public administration
Opis:: Zjawisko narkomanii jest problemem globalnym, a walka z nim tradycyjnymi metodami opartymi na polityce zero tolerancji wydaje się być skazana na porażkę, czego przykładem są narkotyki projektowane, które miały być legalnymi analogami narkotyków konwencjonalnych. Celem niniejszej pracy jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak skutecznymi sposobami dysponuje państwo w walce z nowymi substancjami psychoaktywnymi, potocznie nazywanymi dopalaczami. Z treści pracy dowiadujemy się czym są dopalacze i jak ustawodawca pozycjonuje je pośród innych substancji narkotycznych, oraz jakimi metodami prowadzi z nimi walkę. Autorzy dokonują oceny skuteczności działania zaordynowanych przez ustawodawcę rozwiązań prawnych na gruncie prawa prywatnego i publicznego. Skutkiem powyższej oceny są postulaty konwalidacyjne kończące pracę.
The phenomenon of drug addiction is a global problem, and combating it with traditional methods based on a zero-tolerance policy seems doomed to failure, as exemplified by designer drugs, which were supposed to be legal analogues of conventional drugs. The aim of this study is to try to answer the question of how effective the state has in the fight against new psychoactive substances, commonly known as legal highs. From the content of the work, we learn what legal highs are and how the legislator positions them among other narcotic substances and what methods it uses to fight them. The authors evaluate the effectiveness of the legal solutions ordered by the legislator under private and public law. The result of the above assessment are the postulates of validation ending the work.
Źródło:: Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica; 2023, Numer specjalny: W trosce o godność, życie i zdrowie człowieka – zagadnienia administracyjnoprawne; 315-323
0208-6069
2450-2782
Pojawia się w:: Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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