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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Comparative analysis of frontal zone of deformation in vehicles with self-supporting and framed bodies
    Autorzy:
    Prochowski, L.
    Żółtowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247110.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    road safety
    vehicle safety
    crash tests
    body deformation range
    Opis:
    The work considers changes occurred in the features of the supporting structure in three categories of cars, namely: with the self-supporting body, framed body an intermediate structures between these two solutions. The area of analysis includes the length of deformation (crush) of the front al part of the car after collision with a rigid obstacle (barrier). The range of deformation is a significant factor of the passive car safety and indicates the efficiency of fulfilling the protective function for the passengers. The work shows absolute and relative (percentage and unit) variations of the car deformation, depending on the year of manufacture, including the period of 1980 - 2010. Marked trend lines indicated general nature of the deformation range variations together with the improvement of the car supporting system structures. The course of the trend line has been calculated on the basis of average deformation length values, calculated in defined periods of vehicle manufacture. Selected sections of time result from the division of the period of analysis 1980 - 2010 into six parts. The analysis of the deformation length of the frontal part of passenger cars, SUVs and pickups has been combined with simultaneous evaluation of total car length variations and their weight values. The car weight directly affects the kinetic energy of the impact so it has a significant influence on the range of deformation of the car front during collision with an obstacle.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 397-407
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Child safety in a car during a frontal collision
    Autorzy:
    Żuchowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241889.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    road transport
    vehicle safety
    crash tests
    child safety
    booster seat
    Opis:
    Road accidents with participation of the children are of particular nature. According to surveys, the older children at the age of 8-12 years are often transported in cars in a wrong way. They are usually fastened with seat belts designed for adult passengers. In order to make the seat belts safe for a child, they should be used together with a booster cushion or a high back booster seat. This paper presents the test results and analysis of dynamic loads affecting a child in the back seat of a passenger car during a frontal collision. The car body was accelerated to a speed of about 48 km/h and then it was suddenly stopped in a time of about 100 ms. The analysis was carried out on the basis of results of experimental tests performed at the collision station in the Automotive Industry Institute in Warsaw. The attention was paid to the influence of protection device type on the P10 dummy, representing a child at the age of about 10 years. Three child protection options during a collision were considered: the dummy was sitting directly in a car seat, on a booster cushion and on a seat. The dummy was fastened with standard seat belts. Evaluation of the protection device influence on the dummy loads was given in association with the operation of the seat belts. During evaluation, the indexes of biomechanical resistance of a human body to the impact load effects were used. They made the basis for the evaluation of the child injury severity risk.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 395-402
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The analysis of occupant motion in frontal barrier impact of a chassis frame vehicle
    Autorzy:
    Prochowski, L.
    Zielonka, K.
    Żuchowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244471.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    road safety
    vehicle safety
    crash tests
    frontal accidents
    occupant kinematic
    Opis:
    Human body motion during a road accident usually results from the effect of forces of inertia. The analysis of that motion, particularly displacements towards the vehicle interior have significant practical aspect as it facilitates conclusions concerning the mechanisms of danger and injury formation. At the same time, the analysis provides direct indications regarding the improvement of passive safety equipment. The paper presents the time-space diagrams of motion of dummy’s head, neck, torso and hips – the driver of a frame chassis vehicle, identified on the basis of results of the measurements registered in frontal barrier impact and the frame-by-frame analysis of videos recorded during the course of experiment. Courses of these diagrams were associated with acceleration measurement results and forces affecting the parts of the dummy. The experiment showed the complex nature of the influence on the dummy caused by the forces of inertia after a collision of the vehicle with an barrier, vehicle body motion against the frame, reactions in the safety belts, friction on a seat and contact reaction of the vehicle interior equipment. At the same time, it presented the possibilities of indicating the courses of speed variations and dummy displacement as well as significant limitations of calculation possibilities that result from a fact that the process of the impact on the vehicle interior elements is hard to describe.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 491-502
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The analysis of the influence of the rear seat passenger position on the kinematics and dynamic loads on a torso and legs during a road accident
    Autorzy:
    Prochowski, L.,
    Żuchowski, A,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245281.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    road transport
    vehicle safety
    crash tests
    safety of passengers
    rear seat
    Opis:
    The analysis carried out by the authors indicates high threat to the rear seat passengers in passenger cars during a road accident. Vehicle designers indicate potential threats for passengers when they take a position in a car which is unexpected by a manufacturer of passive protection systems. Based on that, the tests were prepared in order to consider several different positions of a rear seat passenger. In particular, attention was paid to a threat to passengers when they take a position unexpected by a manufacturer of the passive protection systems in a car. Indicating and justifying a need to adjust the operation of the individual protection means to a passenger anatomy and current passenger position in a car in order to optimize his protection makes an important aim of these tests. This paper presents the results of the tests performed with a Hybrid III dummy, size M50, placed in three different positions in the back seat of a car. During each test, a series of physical values were measured and the motion of a dummy against the car body and the car interior components were filmed. The effects resulting from a change of a passenger’s position, observed on the courses of dynamic loads occurring during an accident, were analysed. Despite of small changes to a passenger’s position, their significant influence on the dummy movement during a frontal collision of a car and an obstacle was observed.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 335-342
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Risk of injury for the front and rear seat passengers of the passenger cars in frontal impact
    Autorzy:
    Żuchowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246867.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    road transport
    vehicle safety
    crash tests
    safety of passengers
    rear seat
    Opis:
    The dynamic loads acting on a human body during a road accident may cause bodily injuries. They are dependent not only on the car structure and applied means of individual protection but also on the anthropometric features of a human body and its location in car. The safety of the car occupants on the rear seats in the passenger cars has been treated as a secondary issue so far. The achieved stage of the structure of that equipment for the rear seat occupants makes an important confirmation of that state. Usually there is no adjustment of the seat belt fixing point position, seat belt pretensioners, seat adjustment. This paper considers the risk of injury for the front and rear seat passengers of the passenger cars on the basis of analysis of dynamic loads that can affect them during the road accident. The attention was paid to the adults and children aged about 10 years. The dynamic loads were analysed with making use of experimental results of frontal flat barrier impact. During the tests, the passengers are protected by typical passive safety systems on the front and the rear seats. In the evaluation used the criteria of the biomechanical human body resistance to the impact load effect. The attention is paid to relations between a seat occupied in a car and the probability of injuries. The analysis of the laboratory impact tests was preceded by the assessment of risk of injury of the front and rear seat passengers in the real road accidents, which has been prepared based on the literature data.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 507-518
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kształtowanie charakterystyk powstrzymywania pojazdów przez bariery drogowe spełniające kryteria badań zderzeniowych
    Shaping the characteristics of the vehicle restraint by road barriers fulfill the criteria of the impact tests
    Autorzy:
    Fligiel, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/311285.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
    Tematy:
    badania zderzeniowe
    energia uderzenia
    bariera drogowa
    system ograniczający drogę
    ASI
    THIV
    PHD
    crash tests
    impact energy
    road barriers
    road restraint system
    characteristics of vehicle restraint
    Opis:
    W pracy rozpatruje się jeden z czynników fizycznych (przyspieszenie, opóźnienie) wpływających w znacznym stopniu na utratę zdrowia pasażerów pojazdów samochodowych. Przedstawiono metodę obniżenia poziomu przyspieszeń, poprzez zastosowanie w barierach o małej podatności układu sprężystego akumulującego energię uderzenia pojazdu, a tym samym obniżenia przyspieszenia (opóźnienia). W przedstawionej metodzie uwzględnia się zalecenia dotyczące poziomu powstrzymywania barier spełniających kryteria badań zderzeniowych.
    The subject of the publication concerns the analysis of stages of vehicle body deformation in frontal collision for the characteristics of delay, speed and deformation of the vehicle. The course of the collision was divided into stages, whose boundaries are determined by the characteristic intervals.. In the work one of the physical factors (acceleration or delay), which influence significantly on the loss of the health of passengers vehicles, is considered. A method of reducing the level of acceleration is presented. In the barriers with low system compliance is used an accumulating elastic energy system of the vehicle impact and thereby reduced acceleration (delay). In the presented method, the recommendations on the containment level barriers to meet the criteria of the impact tests are taken into account.
    Źródło:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 7-8; 175-180
    1509-5878
    2450-7725
    Pojawia się w:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Results of the crash tests of electric cars
    Autorzy:
    Żuchowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243537.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    road transport
    vehicle safety
    crash tests
    safety of passengers
    electric vehicles
    transport drogowy
    bezpieczeństwo pojazdu
    testy zderzeniowe
    bezpieczeństwo pasażerów
    pojazdy elektryczne
    Opis:
    The work presents the results of crash tests carried out with six electrical car models (from 2012-2013), with the weight of 1200-2300 kg (Smart Electric Driver, Mitsubishi IMiEV, Nissan Leaf, CODA, Ford Focus BEV, Tesla Model S). The results were published on the Internet by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (USA), and the tests involved a car travelling at the speed of 56 km/h, hitting frontally into a non-deformable (stiff) barrier, positioned perpendicularly to the car’s direction of movement. Particular attention was paid to the deformation of the car after hitting the barrier, so-called stiffness characteristics of the frontal crumple zone, and to the loads on the dummies placed at the driver’s and passenger’s seat (Hybrid III, a 50-centile man and a 5-centile woman). Results of the tests with electric cars were compared with the results of the tests with over a hundred of combustion engine cars with similar weight and type of car body (sedan, hatchback). The tests proved that, in the majority of electrical cars tested, the deformation of the frontal crumple zone after hitting an obstacle is larger than in case of similar cars with internal combustion engine. Because of that, the dynamic loads on the occupants of the vehicle tend to be smaller, as indicated by measured loads on the heads and chests of the dummies. The results may suggest that the frontal crumple zone may be better constructed in the case of electric cars, while the design possibilities regarding that area are limited in standard cars due to the combustion engine, which is not deformed during the accident, which makes it more difficult for the energy of the crash to dissipate.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 1; 483-490
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the influence of the speed of impact against an obstacle on the dynamic loads acting on occupants of an automotive vehicle with body-on-frame design of the load-bearing structure
    Analiza wpływu prędkości uderzenia w przeszkodę na obciążenia dynamiczne osób w samochodzie z ramową konstrukcją nośną
    Autorzy:
    Prochowski, L.
    Żuchowski, A.
    Zielonka, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365059.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
    Tematy:
    bezpieczeństwo transportu
    obciążenia dynamiczne pasażerów
    samochody osobowo-terenowe
    testy zderzeniowe
    crash tests
    dynamic loads of vehicle occupants
    off-road passenger cars
    transport safety
    Opis:
    The dynamic loads acting on a human body during a road accident may cause bodily injuries. The values of such loads measured on test dummies make it possible to predict the effects of the loads on vehicle occupants, with the prediction being based on biomechanical modelling. The dynamic loads were analysed with making use of experimental results of tests where an automotive vehicle came into a head-on collision with an obstacle. In the test vehicle, a Hybrid III test dummy provided with a set of sensors was held with seat belts in the driver's position. By using the experimental results and the determined extreme values of dynamic loads, the dependence of the dynamic loads on the speed of vehicle impact against an obstacle is searched. The knowledge of this dependence will facilitate the prediction of values of dynamic loads and the resulting dangers to the human body that would arise from road accidents. The tests were carried out on an off-road passenger car, where a frame makes a basis of the entire loadbearing structure, i.e. connects all the vehicle components and systems into a self-contained whole and supports the vehicle body. Vehicles with load-bearing structures of this type predominate among those used for military applications. Results of crash tests of such vehicles are rarely published.
    Obciążenia dynamiczne, działające na ciało człowieka podczas wypadku drogowego, są źródłem obrażeń. Pomierzone na manekinach wartości tych obciążeń pozwalają, na podstawie modelowania biomechanicznego, na prognozowanie ich skutków dla osób jadących. Analiza obciążeń dynamicznych została przeprowadzona z wykorzystaniem rezultatów badań eksperymentalnych, w których samochód uderza czołowo w przeszkodę. W samochodzie tym manekin Hybrid III z zestawem czujników, przypięty pasami bezpieczeństwa, zajmował pozycję kierowcy. Wykorzystując wyniki badań eksperymentalnych i wyznaczone wartości ekstremalne obciążeń dynamicznych, poszukuje się ich zależności od prędkości uderzenia samochodu w przeszkodę. Poznanie takiej zależności ułatwia prognozowanie wartości obciążeń dynamicznych i powstających zagrożeń dla ciała człowieka w wypadkach drogowych. Badaniom poddano samochód osobowo-terenowy, w którym rama stanowi podstawę układu nośnego, czyli łączy wszystkie zespoły i układy w jedną całość oraz podtrzymuje nadwozie. Samochody o takiej konstrukcji nośnej dominują w zastosowaniach wojskowych. Wyniki ich badań zderzeniowych są rzadko publikowane.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2011, 4; 53-73
    1234-754X
    2084-476X
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Motoryzacji
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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