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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Seasonal and diurnal variations of δ13C and concentration of atmospheric CO2 at Parma, Italy
    Autorzy:
    Longinelli, A.
    Selmo, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058957.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    atmosphere
    carbon dioxide
    environment
    anthropogenic emissions
    carbon isotopes
    Opis:
    The δ13C of atmospheric CO2 from discrete air samples collected at the University campus, Parma, Italy, was measured at time intervals of about five days over a period of 18 months. Some day and night samples were measured along with three daily time series to evaluate the daily variations of δ13C values and CO2 concentrations. The following patterns were revealed: (1) the least negative δ13C values show a seasonal evolution with slightly more negativevalues during winter and less negative values during summer. Home heating systems probably contribute to this behaviour; (2) four samples collected in down town Parma show more negative values than those collected at the same time at the University campus, probably be cause of car engine pollution; (3) occasionally, quite negative δ13C values were obtained at the campus. The expansion of polluted air masses from down town to the suburban area may be responsible for these negative events; (4) one sample showed a δ13C of -17.67‰. The nearby fields had been extensively manured and the contribution from organic matter fermentation may explain the exceptionally negative result; (5) the diurnal changes in δ13C are relatively low from January to May; (6) in July and September the major daily changes take place in the late evening and in the early morning and are very fast. During the night the CO2 concentration in creases by no more than some 50-60%, this behaviour differing from observations by other authors in different areas; (7) the set of daily samples collected in August shows a different behaviour, clearly related to the heavy rain that lasted for several hours during the night.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2005, 49, 2; 127-134
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Respiration and assimilation processes reflected in the carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric carbon dioxide
    Autorzy:
    Szaran, J.
    Niezgoda, H.
    Trembaczowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146953.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    atmosphere
    carbon dioxide
    carbon isotopes
    delta-C-13
    respiration
    Opis:
    This paper presents diurnal variations of concentration and carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric carbon dioxide caused by respiration and assimilation processes. Air samples were collected during early and late summer in 1998 in unpolluted area (village Guciow located near the Roztocze National Park, SE Poland) in three different environments: uncultivated field on a hill, a meadow in the Wieprz river valley and a forest. The effect is very strong during intensive vegetation growth on a sunny day and clear night. The largest diurnal variations in atmospheric CO2 concentration and its carbon isotopic composition in June above the meadow were about 480 ppm and 10‰, respectively.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2002, 47,suppl.1; 59-61
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Origin of natural gases in the autochthonous Miocene strata of the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep and its Mesozoic basement
    Autorzy:
    Kotarba, M. J.
    Koltun, Y. V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191381.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    microbial gases
    thermogenic gases
    stable carbon isotopes
    stable hydrogen isotopes
    carbon dioxide
    nitrogen
    Miocene strata
    Mesozoic strata
    Opis:
    Methane concentrations in natural gases accumulated in the Lower and Upper Badenian and Lower Sarmatian reservoirs of the Bilche-Volytsia Unit in the western part of the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep usually exceed 96 vol%. Methane was generated by microbial reduction of carbon dioxide in the marine environment. Microbial methane and ethane were produced mainly during sedimentation of Miocene clays and muds. It is possible that this microbial process continues today. Higher light hydrocarbons (ethane in part, and mainly propane, butanes and pentanes) were generated during the diagenesis and the initial stage of the low-temperature, thermogenic processes from Type III and III/II kerogen deposited in Miocene strata and/or Middle and Upper Jurassic basement rocks. Limited variations in the values of geochemical hydrocarbon indices and stable isotope ratios of methane, ethane and propane with the depth indicate similar gas generation conditions within the whole Miocene succession. The microbial gases (methane and partly ethane) generated during microbial processes within the Miocene strata later migrated to the Upper Jurassic and the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) reservoirs of the Mesozoic basement, and to the bottommost Lower Badenian reservoirs of the analysed Letnia, Orkhovychi, Rudky and Vereshchytsia fields. The low hydrogen concentrations within the Miocene strata as well as within the Upper Jurassic and the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) reservoirs of the Mesozoic basement, and within the bottommost Lower Badenian reservoirs are also related to microbial processes. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen, which are common minor constituents, were generated by both microbial and low-temperature thermogenic processes. Moreover, CO2 also underwent secondary processes, mainly dissolution in water, during migration. At least part of the nitrogen accumulated in the Rudky field, which is remarkably high in N2 (96.9 vol%), is probably of atmospheric origin and was introduced to the reservoir by secondary recovery methods.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2011, 81, No 3; 425-441
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Origin of natural gases in the autochthonous Miocene strata of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep
    Autorzy:
    Kotarba, M. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191377.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    microbial methane
    stable carbon isotopes
    thermogenic hydrocarbon gases
    carbon dioxide
    nitrogen
    sulphide hydrogen
    autochthonous Miocene strata
    Polish Carpathian Foredeep
    Opis:
    Methane concentrations in natural gases accumulated in the autochthonous Miocene strata of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep (between Kraków and Przemyśl) usually exceeded 90 vol%. Methane and part of the ethane were generated during microbial reduction of carbon dioxide in the marine environment, mainly during the sedimentation of Miocene clays and muds. It is possible that this microbial process has continued even recently. Higher light hydrocarbons (mainly propane, butanes and pentanes) were generated during the diagenesis and the initial stage of the low-temperature thermogenic process. Very small changes in the values of geochemical hydrocarbon indices and stable isotope ratios of methane, ethane and propane with depth are evidence for similar gas generation conditions within the whole Badenian and Lower Sarmatian successions. Only in a few natural gas accumulations within the Upper Badenian and Lower Sarmatian reservoirs are thermogenic gases or thermogenic components present, both generated from mixed, type III/II kerogen. These thermogenic gases, now accumulated mainly in the bottom part of Miocene strata, probably resulted from thermogenic processes in the Palaeozoic– Mesozoic basement and then migrated to the Miocene strata along the fault zones. The presence of low hydrogen concentrations (from 0.00 to 0.26 vol%) within the Miocene strata is related to recent microbial processes. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen, which are common minor constituents, were generated in both microbial and low-temperature thermogenic processes. However, CO2 has also undergone secondary processes, mainly dissolution in water during migration. Hydrogen sulphide, which occurs in natural gases of Lower Badenian strata, was most probably generated during microbial sulphate reduction of the Lower Badenian gypsum and anhydrites.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2011, 81, No 3; 409-424
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stable isotope composition of carbon dioxide emitted from anthropogenic sources in the Kraków region, Southern Poland
    Autorzy:
    Zimnoch, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148175.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    stable isotopes
    carbon dioxide
    anthropogenic sources
    Kraków
    Opis:
    The summary of the measurements of CO2 stable isotopic composition emitted from different anthropogenic sources in the Krakow region is presented. The sources are divided into three main groups . high emission (electric and heat power plants), low emission (coal and methane burning in the households) and car traffic (gasoline, diesel and LPG supplied engines equipped and not equipped with catalyst). Presented results include two measurement campaigns made in the years 1995 and 2000. The measurements revealed three well-defined groups with respect to carbon isotope composition (delta13CVPDB): .30.60 plus-minus sign 0.37 per mille (thousand) sign (car traffic) .23.82 plus-minus sign 0.10 per mille (thousand) sign (coal burning) and .51.8 plus-minus sign 1.1per mille (thousand) sign (methane burning). The oxygen isotope composition (delta18OVPDB-CO2) of CO2 varied in a broad range, from ca. .11per mille (thousand) sign to ca. .22 per mille (thousand) sign, the most negative values being observed for coal and methane burning and the most positive for cars equipped with a catalyst. No significant isotopic shift has been observed between two measurement campaigns.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 4; 291-295
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Skład izotopowy dwutlenku węgla w atmosferze Krakowa
    Isotopic composition of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Kraków
    Autorzy:
    Jasiek, Alina
    Zimnoch, Mirosław
    Różański, Kazimierz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/578341.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    izotopy trwałe
    dwutlenek węgla
    izotopowy bilans masy
    stable isotopes
    carbon dioxide
    isotope mass balance
    Opis:
    Izotopy trwałe stanowią doskonałe narzędzie do analizy źródeł pochodzenia gazów cieplarnianych. Znając specyficzne sygnatury izotopowe poszczególnych źródeł dwutlenku węgla można określić pochodzenie CO2 nagromadzonego w miejskiej atmosferze. Kwasi-ciągłe pomiary stężenia i składu izotopowego węgla w atmosferycznym CO2 prowadzone w 2013 roku w Krakowie pozwoliły na dokonanie analizy ich zmienności sezonowej oraz synoptycznej. Źródłem obserwowanych zimą zwiększonych stężeń CO2 w atmosferze Krakowa było spalanie, w głównej mierze gazu ziemnego w celach grzewczych. Latem zaobserwowano wpływ suszy na stężenie CO2 w miejskiej atmosferze – z powodu obumierania lokalnej biosfery zmalała jej wydajność fotosyntetyczna, prowadząc do wyższych niż normalnie stężeń tego gazu w miesią - cach letnich. Przeprowadzono również dyskusję przyczyn krótkoterminowych wzrostów stężenia dwutlenku węgla, wykorzystując pomiary jego składu izotopowego oraz analizy trajektorii wstecznych mas powietrza. Zaprezentowane dwa przypadki ilustrują sytuacje, w których za chwilowy wzrost stężenia CO2 odpowiadają źródła przemysłowe oraz komunikacyjne.
    Stable isotopes constitute a powerful tool to study the sources of greenhouse gases, especially CO2. Carbon dioxide derived from the burning of fossil fuels has a distinct 13C isotopic composition depending on the type of fuel. Therefore, one can attribute contributions of different emission sources to the total CO2 load in the urban atmosphere. Quasi-continuous measurements of the mixing ratio of atmospheric CO2 and its 13C signature were performed in Krakow in 2013 to analyze its seasonal and synoptic variability. High CO2 mixing ratios were observed in winter due to intensified burning of fossil fuels for heating purposes (mostly methane). During the summer of 2013, a slight increase in atmospheric CO2 was observed following a drought event and a subsequent suppression of the photosynthetic activity of the local biosphere. A high temporal resolution of the measurements allowed to analyze short-term increases of the measured CO2 mixing ratios. Two such events are presented and discussed. Isotopic mass balance combined with air backward trajectory analysis allowed to attribute local traffic and industry as potential sources of these events.
    Źródło:
    Acta Geographica Lodziensia; 2016, 104; 113-122
    0065-1249
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Geographica Lodziensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Migration assessment of natural gas components in the Borzecin deposit based on results of hydrogen and carbon stable isotope analyzes
    Ocena migracji składników gazu ziemnego w złożu Borzęcin na podstawie wyników analiz izotopów trwałych wodoru i węgla
    Autorzy:
    Pleśniak, Ł.
    Orion-Jędrysek, M.
    Jakubiak, M.
    Bucha, M.
    Krajniak, J.
    Matusewicz, M.
    Kufka, D.
    Matyasik, I.
    Janiga, M.
    Lojen, S.
    Zigon, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835283.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    wzmożone wydobycie gazu
    metan
    ditlenek węgla
    izotopy trwałe
    enhanced gas recovery
    methane
    carbon dioxide
    stable isotopes
    Opis:
    One of the first installations in the World, based on the EGR (Enhanced Gas Recovery) operates in Borzecin (SW Poland). Thus creating the opportunity to gather experience in the development of CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) on an industrial scale. Due to the small size of the deposit, the technology allows great research opportunity to develop Enhanced Gas Recovery and all the processes associated with the injection of CO2 and H2S are possible to observe in a relatively short time scale. The main goal of the research is tracing migration fronts of injected gases threw sampling and isotopic analysis of gases from numeral boreholes. Gathered results gave the opportunity to get an appraisal of gas migration in the Borzecin deposit. Consequently a new tool for Enhanced Gas Recovery efficiency might be constructed with the potential of being applied in CCS technologies. Isotopic composition of hydrogen (n = 63) in methane varied from –159.3 to –85.2‰ (average –114.6‰) and isotopic composition of carbon including methane (n = 92) varied from –46.93 to –17.87‰ (average –35.22‰). Isotopic composition of carbon in carbon dioxide (n = 88) varied from –23.33 to –3.11‰ (average –13.35‰).
    Jedna z pierwszych instalacji EGR (ang. Enhanced Gas Recovery – wzmożonego wydobycia gazu) na świecie funkcjonuje na złożu Borzęcin (SW Polska). Instalacja umożliwia zebranie doświadczenia w rozwoju technologii CCS (ang. Carbon Capture and Storage – wychwyt, transport oraz trwała izolacja CO2) na skalę przemysłową. Ze względu na niewielkie rozmiary złoża technologia ta daje możliwość rozwoju badawczego EGR, przy czym wszystkie procesy związane z zatłaczaniem ditlenku węgla i siarkowodoru są możliwe do obserwacji w stosunkowo niedługiej skali czasu. Głównym celem badań była próba oceny migracji zatłaczanych gazów poprzez pobór i analizę izotopów trwałych wodoru i węgla w gazach z poszczególnych otworów wiertniczych. Dzięki uzyskanym wynikom możliwa jest ocena migracji składników gazu ziemnego w złożu Borzęcin. W rezultacie przeprowadzonych badań otrzymano nowe narzędzie do oceny efektywności wzmożonej eksploatacji gazu, które następnie może być zastosowane w technologiach związanych z CCS. Skład izotopowy wodoru (n = 63) w metanie mieścił się w zakresie od –159,3‰ do – 85,2‰ (średnia –114,6‰), a skład izotopowy węgla (n = 92) w tym metanie wyniósł od –46,93‰ do –17,87‰ (średnia –35,22‰). Skład izotopowy węgla (n = 88) w ditlenku węgla osiągnął wartość od –23,33‰ do –3,11‰ (średnia –13,35‰).
    Źródło:
    Nafta-Gaz; 2017, 73, 1; 27-35
    0867-8871
    Pojawia się w:
    Nafta-Gaz
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermogenic gases generated from coals and shales of the Upper Silesian and Lublin basins : hydrous pyrolysis approach
    Autorzy:
    Kotarba, Maciej J.
    Bilkiewicz, Elżbieta
    Jurek, Krzysztof
    Waliczek, Marta
    Więcław, Dariusz
    Zych, Hieronim
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059608.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    hydrous pyrolysis gas
    gaseous hydrocarbon
    carbon dioxide
    molecular nitrogen
    stable C, H, N isotopes
    Upper Silesian
    Lublin Coal basins
    Opis:
    In order to provide a better characterization of the origin and volume of thermogenic gas generation hydrous pyrolysis (HP) experiments were performed on coals and shales at 330 and 360oC for 72 hours. The maturity range of coals and shales used for HP varies from 0.57 to 0.92% Ro. The maturity increase caused by HP at 330 and 360oC ranges from 1.32 to 1.39% and from 1.71 to 1.83%, respectively. δ13C of CH4, 2H6, C3H6 and n-C4H10 in HP gases versus their reciprocal C-number have a concave relationship, and therefore do not follow a linear trend. δ2H of CH4, 2H6 and C3H6 in HP gases versus their reciprocal H-number show both linear and convex-concave relationships. The growth of CO2 yields during HP was higher for shales than for coals. H2S yields from shales are higher than from coals, which can be connected with catalytic and adsorbed influence of shale matrix. H2 was also generated in notable quantities from water and organic matter of coals and bigger amounts from shales. N2 yields grow with the increase of Ro after 3oC HP and it is more enriched in 15N isotope than after 330C.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2021, 65, 2; 65: 26
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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