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    Tytuł:
    Niepełnosprawność w świetle koncepcji zorientowanej na ludzkie możliwości
    Disability in the Light of the Human-Oriented Capability Approach
    Autorzy:
    Paszkowicz, Maria Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468782.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
    Tematy:
    health
    disability
    capability approach
    Opis:
    The article presents the analysis of the phenomenon of disability from the perspective of human-based capabilities approach. Both health and disability, are concepts that are difficult to be defined precisely. Throughout history, the approach to what health and what disease and disability are have changed. The current approach to health emphasizes the fact that it is something more than just the absence of the disease. It is a kind of well-being experienced at the physical, mental and social level. Th is approach was based on the concept correlates of human capabilities, in which one of the most taken matters is the welfare of man. Health is one of the most valuable opportunities, which has a direct impact on the implementation of other valuable ways of being or acting. On the other hand, disability is manifestations of human diversity and complex interaction with the environment. Its underlying damage (impairment) that may – but need not – turn into a disability. Whether this happens depends on the one hand, the resources that a person has, or that can be used, and on the other – from the conversion factors that may facilitate or restrict access to the capabilities, and through it – the functioning, which considers valuable. Hence, disability may be treated as a form of multidimensional deprivation.
    Źródło:
    Prakseologia; 2014, 156; 205-224
    0079-4872
    Pojawia się w:
    Prakseologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Komu pomóc w pierwszej kolejności? Decyzje dotyczące udzielania pomocy ubogim w świetle Amartyi K. Sena badań nad ubóstwem
    Who Should We Help First? Making Decisions on Helping the Poor in the Light of Amartya K. Sen’s Research on Poverty
    Autorzy:
    Kwarciński, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/469082.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
    Tematy:
    poverty
    capability approach
    entitlement approach
    utilitarianism
    Opis:
    All around the world many people suffer from the lack of sufficient income, well-being or good health. Who among the poor should we help first? Some of the most influential research on poverty has been developed by a famous economist and philosopher Amartya K. Sen. This article is concerned with the problem of reciprocal relations between various concepts and theories of poverty, kinds of ethics and taking decisions about helping poor people. According to Sen, while taking decisions to help the poor we should base our arguments on the capability approach rather than on the basic needs approach, on the entitlement approach rather than the food availability decline, and on the capability rights system rather than utilitarianism.
    Źródło:
    Prakseologia; 2006, 146; 31-51
    0079-4872
    Pojawia się w:
    Prakseologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The limits of moral responsibility for global poverty
    Autorzy:
    Kwarciński, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652750.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    global poverty
    moral responsibility
    utilitarianism
    capability approach
    Opis:
    Most people, especially in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, suffer and die from lack of food, shelter, and medical care, whereas other people in rich countries are extremely well-off. Because of the globalization process neither individuals nor governments can claim to be unaware of what is happening in the Third World. In this paper I defend the claim that, since we are living in a “global village”, we have greater moral responsibility for poverty. Thus, our moral responsibility is less limited than it usually seems to be. However, we do not have to be extremely impartial, which is recommended by utilitarianism (Garrett Hardin, Peter Singer), concentrating only on the consequences of action and its utility (agent-neutral evaluation). Yet, what we can include in our moral evaluation of poverty are human rights and an individual point of view, which are defended by Amartya Sen’s capability approach and Thomist framework (agent-relative evaluation).
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2017, 20, 6; 133-145
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A hybrid version of well-being: An attempt at operationalisation
    Autorzy:
    Kwarciński, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904249.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Małopolska Szkoła Administracji Publicznej
    Tematy:
    well-being
    hybrid well-being
    capability approach
    autonomy
    adaptation
    Opis:
    Objectives: This paper aims to investigate the possibility of constructing a hybrid version of well-being and making an attempt at its operationalisation. Research Design & Methods: The theoretical framework is based on the capability approach of Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum, while the empirical part of the paper refers to a fuzzy set theory. Findings: We propose three measures of hybrid well-being, referring to (1) the minimum formula, (2) a mobility index, and (3) the concept of internalities. Implications / Recommendations: We are convinced that it is not only possible to create a philosophically informed measure of well-being, but also that this kind of measure can be crucial in the context of public policy due to its sensitivity to autonomy and adaptation problems. Contribution / Value Added: Findings of this research can be seen as an attempt to merge philosophical investigation with economics theories and applications.
    Źródło:
    Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance; 2018, 4(46); 30-49
    1898-3529
    2658-1116
    Pojawia się w:
    Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Public Policy and Social Good: Theory, Practice and Beyond
    Autorzy:
    Shukla, Rajesh C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653225.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    social good
    liberalism
    economic policy
    virtue ethics
    capability approach
    Opis:
    In this paper I argue that the most fundamental goal of any public policy is to assist the realization of social good. I take it that the idea of social good has developed differently in different political and moral traditions, and focus my analysis on the interplay of liberalism, virtue ethics and the Capability Approach. I argue that the liberal conception of social good, as espoused by its leading exponents, is somewhat problematic, and that it fails to account for meaningful civic associations. Even though liberal thinkers often prioritize an individual’s freedom and autonomy, they do not provide us with concreto principles that can facilitate the realization of these goals. I draw upon the practical functioning of leading liberal democracies, including the United States, Canada and India, emphasizing the role of normative political constraints in policy making. I conclude that the liberal conception of social good stands in an acute need of a fresh principle that can rectify the above anomalies and reinvigorate its moral force, and that such a principle can probably be constructed with the help of Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach and Aristotle’s Virtue Theory.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2017, 20, 4
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sytuacja kobiet w krajach arabskich w obszarach edukacji, pracy zarobkowej i praw politycznych
    The Situation of Women in the Arab Countries in the Areas of Education, Pay Work and Political Life
    Autorzy:
    Lubacha-Sember, Judyta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468690.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Sen Amartya K.
    capability approach
    Arab countries
    inequality
    data analysis
    Opis:
    The article presents the results of the analysis of the social situation of the women in Arab countries. In the text were analyzed the data from the areas of education, work and political life in the years 1998–2011 and the texts of the Constitution of the Arab countries. Choosing the scope of the analysis, reference was made to Amartya Sen’s capability approach. Amartya Sen was writing a lot about social situation of women in his articles and he emphasized the importance of education and gainful work in improving the position of women in society. The analysis results show the improvement of the situation of women in Arab countries. In some Arab countries, women have gained a clear right to equality of treatment in the Constitution. Women have gained greater access to education. More women are working professionals, and takes an active part in political life. It should be noted that the situation of women in the various Arab countries is not the same and there are countries in which the changes are not clearly visible.
    Źródło:
    Prakseologia; 2014, 156; 251-281
    0079-4872
    Pojawia się w:
    Prakseologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    ‘Many Benefit from You Being Undocumented Here’: The Everyday Capabilities of Undocumented Immigrants in Moscow
    Autorzy:
    Kalm-Akubardia, Maija
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48863104.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    undocumented immigrants
    capability approach
    critical ethnography
    Moscow
    immigration control
    informal
    Opis:
    This critical ethnographic study was conducted among 15 immigrants originally from Caucasian and Central Asian countries, each with more than 10 years of undocumented residence in Moscow. It focuses on the everyday experiences of undocumented immigrants in a non-Western context, illustrating how informal networks, alongside official migration policies, contribute to and exploit unequal capabilities. The study emphasises the thresholds of emotions, affiliation and control over a person’s environment, demonstrating power asymmetries between individuals. Given the participants’ prolonged undocumented stay in Moscow, the findings demonstrate how the socio-legal context of an undocumented status facilitates informal exploitation alongside institutional operating models, aligning with migration policies in practice.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2024, 13, 1; 211-226
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena stopnia zagrożenia ubóstwem w ramach podejścia możliwości Sena z zastosowaniem modelu MIMIC
    Poverty risk estimation on the basis of Sen’s capability approach with the application of the MIMIC model
    Autorzy:
    Kraszewska, Beata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138868.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-10-31
    Wydawca:
    Główny Urząd Statystyczny
    Tematy:
    zagrożenie ubóstwem
    podejście możliwości
    model MIMIC
    poverty risk
    capability approach
    MIMIC model
    Opis:
    Ubóstwo jest problemem nie tylko dotkniętej nim jednostki, lecz także społeczeństwa. Utrudnia ono lub nawet uniemożliwia wzrost gospodarczy i rozwój społeczny kraju. Dlatego bardzo duże znaczenie mają działania, które mogą spowodować redukcję zasięgu ubóstwa, jak również udzielanie bieżącej pomocy jednostkom (gospodarstwom domowym) żyjącym w sferze ubóstwa. Głównym celem badania omawianego w artykule jest dokonanie wielowymiarowej analizy zagrożenia ubóstwem w ramach podejścia możliwości (ang. capability approach) opracowanego przez Amartayę Sena. Dodatkowym celem jest określenie determinant ubóstwa, które wzmacniają lub osłabiają zagrożenie ubóstwem, oraz zestawienie wyników oceny stopnia zagrożenia ubóstwem uzyskanych w ujęciu wielowymiarowym i jednowymiarowym. Badanie przeprowadzono dla Polski (m.in. w układzie regionalnym), na podstawie danych z Europejskiego Badania Warunków Życia Ludności (EU-SILC) zrealizowanego przez GUS w 2018 r. Operacjonalizacji pomiaru dokonano przy użyciu szczególnego wariantu modelu równań strukturalnych (Structural Equations Modeling – SEM) – modelu wielu wskaźników i wielu przyczyn (Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes – MIMIC). Wykorzystano w nim symptomy deprywacji odzwierciedlające stopień, w jakim badane jednostki nie były w stanie zaspokoić swoich potrzeb, i uwzględniono czynniki zwiększające lub zmniejszające ryzyko ubóstwa. Wyniki przeprowadzonych szacunków uwidoczniły, że na zmniejszenie stopnia zagrożenia ubóstwem najsilniej wpływa poziom wykształcenia, natomiast za jego zwiększenie odpowiada przede wszystkim niski status aktywności na rynku pracy – bycie rencistą lub osobą bezrobotną. Najbardziej zagrożone ubóstwem w ujęciu wielowymiarowym są: makroregion wschodni, obszary wiejskie, gospodarstwa domowe rencistów i gospodarstwa nierodzinne wieloosobowe. Wyniki wielowymiarowej oceny stopnia zagrożenia ubóstwem porównano z pomiarem ubóstwa w ujęciu jednowymiarowym. Wskazano na różnice pomiędzy rankingami zagrożenia ubóstwem według makroregionów, wielkości miejscowości zamieszkania, źródła utrzymania gospodarstw domowych oraz ich typów w ujęciu wielowymiarowym i jednowymiarowym. Porównanie to pokazuje, że ujęcie jednowymiarowe jest niewystarczające do identyfikacji osób ubogich.
    Poverty is a problem which concerns not only the affected individual, but also a whole society. Poverty tends to hinder or even prevent the economic growth and social development of a country. Therefore, undertaking action which could reduce poverty is of great importance, as is the provision of ongoing help to impoverished individuals (households). The main aim of the research presented in the paper is a multidimensional analysis of poverty risk in the framework of capability approach developed by Amartya Sen. The article also aims at defining the determinants of poverty which increase or decrease the risk of its occurrence, and comparing the poverty risk estimations obtained through the adoption of the multidimensional and unidimensional approach. The research concerning Poland (e.g. by regions) used data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) survey, carried out by Statistics Poland in 2018. The measurement was operationalised by means of a special variant of structural equations modelling (SEM) – the multiple indicators and multiple causes model (MIMIC). The MIMIC model used deprivation symptoms that reflected the degree to which respondents were unable to satisfy their needs. The model also took into account the factors that increase or reduce the risk of poverty. The results of the estimations demonstrate that the level of education has the most significant impact on reducing the risk of poverty, while a low activity on the job market, i.e. being a pensioner or unemployed, increases the odds of becoming poor to the greatest extent. The regions most prone to poverty in multidimensional terms are: the Eastern macro-region, rural areas, pensioners’ households and non-family multi-person households. The aforementioned results have been compared with the measurement of poverty according to the unidimensional approach. The study shows the differences between the rankings of poverty risk by macro-region, size of the place of residence, source of household income and by household type from obtained through multidimensional and unidimensional approaches. This comparison demonstrates that the unidimensional approach is insufficient for the identification of the poor.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2022, 67, 10; 28-47
    0043-518X
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Poverty, Freedom, and Solidarityin the Thought of Amartya Sen
    Autorzy:
    Beyer, Gerald J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468886.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Amartya Sen
    freedom
    poverty
    solidarity
    neoliberalism
    capability approach
    Catholic social thought
    Polish neoliberalism
    “shock therapy”
    Opis:
    After the fall of communism in 1989 in Poland, a large portion of decision-makers responsible for the socioeconomic transformations held a neoliberal understanding of freedom. This negative construal of freedom does not see poverty as a lack of freedom. A person is free when no other human being, group, or institution coerces her. In other words, a person is free when the principle of noninterference is upheld. Moreover, the interference of the state in the economic sphere obviates freedom. The neoliberal conception of freedom also holds that freedom does not require solidarity or any assistance from others. Thus, a poor person is free so long as he or she is left to fend for themselves without interference from others. This article appeals to Amartya Sen’s conception of freedom to argue that, in contradistinction to Leszek Balcerowicz’s contention, poverty is tantamount to a lack of human freedom. The article describes Sen’s multifaceted conception of freedom, including the differentiation between instrumental and substantive freedoms, as well as the relationship between them. The relationship among freedoms, as well Sen’s conception of poverty as capability deprivation, illuminates the true nature of poverty, which often negates the ability to achieve substantive freedoms. The article also elucidates how freedom in a free-market economy and democracy constitutes both a goal of development and a path to solidarity. Sen’s paradigm also demonstrates that advancing freedom requires solidarity because freedom is in a certain sense a social entity. Sen rightly maintains that the realization of freedom requires solidarity embodied in social institutions, including, at least in some cases, governmental institutions. On the macro scale, Sen’s conception of development and freedom reveals the problematic nature of “shock therapy” used in Poland during the initial phase of the social economic transformations after 1989. In this sense, this article situates Sen’s thought in the Polish socioeconomic context, which also reveals the significance of Sen’s thought more clearly. Finally, the concluding section of the article points to some similarities (and some differences) between Sen’s ideas and Catholic social thought.
    Źródło:
    Prakseologia; 2014, 156; 135-156
    0079-4872
    Pojawia się w:
    Prakseologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    OPINIE STUDENTÓW O PRZEDSIĘBIORCZOŚCI W ŚWIETLE KONCEPCJI ZORIENTOWANEJ NA LUDZKIE MOŻLIWOŚCI
    STUDENTS’ OPINION ON THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE LIGHT OF THE CAPABILITY APPROACH
    Autorzy:
    Paszkowicz, Maria Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/479245.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-06-20
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Instytut Inżynierii Bezpieczeństwa i Nauk o Pracy. Polskie Towarzystwo Profesjologiczne.
    Tematy:
    przedsiębiorczość
    studenci
    koncepcja zorientowana na ludzkie możliwości
    możliwości
    funkcjonowanie
    czynniki konwersji
    entrepreneurship
    students
    capability approach
    capabilities
    functioning
    conversion factors
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono analizę zjawiska przedsiębiorczości na podstawie dostępnej literatury oraz z perspektywy koncepcji opartej o ludzkie możliwości. Do ilustracji omawianego zagadnienia wykorzystano wyniki badań przeprowadzonych wśród studentów Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego.
    The article presents an analysis of the phenomenon of entrepreneurship on the basis of the available literature and from the perspective of human-based capabilities approach. To illustration of this issue there are use the results of the survey conducted among students from the University of Zielona Góra.
    Źródło:
    Problemy Profesjologii; 2015, 1; 65-88
    1895-197X
    Pojawia się w:
    Problemy Profesjologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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