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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Mieszczański republikanizm? Myśl polityczna Sebastiana Petrycego z Pilzna (1554–1626)
    Burghers’ Republicanism? The Political Thought of Sebastian Petrycy of Pilzno (1554–1626)
    Autorzy:
    Frączek, Aleksandra
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32388133.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Sebastian Petrycy of Pilzno
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    political thought
    republicanism
    bourgeoisie
    regalism
    mixed system
    Opis:
    In 1605, Sebastian Petrycy of Pilzno published a translation of Aristotle’s Politics into Polish, accompanied by his own original commentary. In this work, Petrycy presented an image of an idealized state that served as a model to address the issues within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The article deals with the political thought of Sebastian Petrycy, whom older historiography regarded as a monarchist or even a supporter of absolutism. Contrary to this categorisation, the article analyses the philosopher’s oeuvre through the lens of early modern republican theory. Central to the analysis are the fundamental elements of early modern republicanism such as virtue, freedom, law, and a mixed system. Petrycy critiques the implementation of these principles within the noblemen’s republicanism and proposes modifications to move towards what is defined for the purposes of this article as ‘burghers’ republicanism’. Utilizing Quentin Skinner’s methodology, Petrycy’s work has been set against the political crisis of Zebrzydowski’s rebellion, and its political significance has been demonstrated, despite its academic nature. Additionally, an attempt has been made to highlight Petrycy’s commitment to the royal camp, alongside the hypothesis that the author was expressing the intentions of senators-regalists while simultaneously seeking to improve the situation of non-noble citizens in the country.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2023, 88, 3; 59-86
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Aktywność polityczna mieszczaństwa Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w latach 1789–1792
    Political Activity of the Bourgeoisie in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1789–1792
    Autorzy:
    Glemža, Liudas
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1058022.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-03-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    towns
    bourgeoisie
    urban administration
    self-government
    political reforms
    eighteenth century
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Great Sejm
    Opis:
    The reforms in the second half of the eighteenth century affected the cities and towns of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in various ways. After the reform of 1776, the majority of small towns in the Grand Duchy were deprived of the Magdeburg Law, while they retained the right to acquire landed estates. Apart from private towns, only 11 towns managed by territorial administrators – starosts – and belonging to the royal estates retained their privileged status. During the sessions of the Great Sejm (1788–1792), the discussions on the situation of Lithuanian towns were resumed. Representatives of towns that retained the Magdeburg Law, those which had lost it, and those striving for new rights and liberties were invited by the municipal authorities of the Old Town of Warsaw in order to submit their demands in the Sejm together with all the towns. The new town laws of 1791 laid the foundations for modern urban administration and prepared the grounds for burghers to fight for their rights and liberties, which was influenced by the municipal self-government institutions established under these laws. The question of the number of small Lithuanian towns which took advantage of this opportunity during one year (1791/1792) has already been considered in Lithuanian and Polish historiography. Until now, however, historians have usually limited themselves to indicating the number of issued self-government privileges (74), but this figure does not provide a full picture of the political activity of the Lithuanian bourgeoisie. The article identifies 130 small Lithuanian towns (excluding 11 towns which retained the Magdeburg Law) which actively participated in the political movement of the bourgeoisie in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and analyses the composition of this group of urban settlements.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2021, 86, 1; 57-84
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ rewolucji październikowej na przemiany rewolucyjne na ziemiach polskich w latach 1917–1920
    The influence of the October Revolution on the revolutionary changes in Poland at 1917–1920
    Bлияние Октябрьской революции на революционные перемены на польских землях в годы 1917–1920
    Autorzy:
    Wiktor, Zbigniew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1993263.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    October Revolution
    labor movement in Poland
    class struggle
    opportunism
    revisionism
    Polish independence
    strikes
    demonstrations
    revolutionary situation
    proletariat
    bourgeoisie
    territory
    contradictions
    Polish-Soviet war
    Temporary Revolutionary Committee of Poland
    counterrevolution
    Октябрьская революция
    рабочее движение в Польше
    классовая борьба
    оппортунизм
    ревизионизм
    независимость Польши
    забастовки
    демонстрации
    революционная обстановка
    пролетариат
    буржуазия
    поместье
    противоречия
    польско-советская война
    Временный революционный комитет Польши или Польревком
    контрреволюция
    Opis:
    The main thesis of article is the influence of the Oktober Revolution on the revolutionary changes in Poland at 1917–1920. It’s described causes and results of war world 1 and the fall of 2.I nternationale. In next time were organizing the revolutionary parties of Socialdemocracy and established communist parties, which 1919 united and established in the 3th Internationale – Communist The great ideological-political role in this process played revolutionary part od Russian Socialdemocracy – bolsheviki with W.I.Lenin as leader. The polish state was fall at the end 18th century and on the war world one since 1915 the territory was occupied by Germany and Austria. There at 19th century developed capitalizm and were estblishing worker parties especialy Great Proletariat, Polish Socialist Party (PPS), Socialdemocracy of Polish Kingsdom and Litauen (SDKPi), in next time from PPS was established PPS-Left. Workers were also under ideological influence of Polish katholic church, of national and solidarity movements. At 1917–1920 were many strikes and demonstrations, the class struggle developed in cities and in the country. There were also the struggle for the independent polish state in form of 2 main class forces: 1. bourgeoisie and landlords and 2. socialist proletariat. The workers (also partialy peasants) were organizing in the councils of worker delegates (like in Russia), there were about 100 councils in main industrial centres of Poland, but they were to weak in victorious struggle against capitalist forces at 1918–1920, especialy when the Poland-Soviet Russia war breake out. In Juli 1920 in Białystok was established The Contemporary Revolutionary Committee of Poland as a Revolutionary Government of Polish Soviet Republic, but it was collapsed together with Polish revolutionists and Soviet Red Army in battle by Warsaw August 1920. In result Polish revolution defeated and won the Polish bourgeoisie and landlords with the support of international capital. There is established the liberal-democratic state, which persisted to 1926, to coup d’ etat of Marshall J. Piłsudski.
    Главный тезис статьи зааключается во влиянии Октябрьской револю- ции на революционные перемены на польских землях в годы 1917–1920. В статье были назвны главные причины начала 1. мировой войны и падения 2. Интернационала. Со временем возникли фракции социалдемократических партий, которые организовались в комунистические партии и в 1919 году учредили новый 3. ИнтернационалКомунистический. Большую идейно-теоретическую и организаторскую роль сыграли революционные русские социалдемократы – большевики во главе с В.И. Лениным. Польские земли находились под разделом и были территорией борьбы чужих армий. Капитализм быстрее всех развивался под русским раздлом. Действовали многие рабочие партии, в том числе революционная СДКПиЛ, ППС-Левая и оппортунистско-реформистская ППС. Большое влияние на рабочих оказывал тоже Костёл католический, националистические группировки и группировки солидарности. В годы 1917–1920 проходили многие забастовки и рабочие демонстрации, тоже бедных крестьян и деревенского пролетариата. В 1918 году развилась борьба за создание возраждённого, нового независимого польского государства. Сталкивались две концепции: буржуазно-помещичья и пролетарско-социалистическая. Рабочие, крестьяне создавали советы делегатов рабочих, которых было около 100, однако были они слишком слабые, чтобы стать ведущим субъектом борьбы за власть. Важную роль в росте революционного влияния сыграла польско-советская война в годы 1919–1920 и создание Временного Революционного Комитета Польши в Белостоке. Окончательно в ходе классовой борьбы, многих восстаний, воен, а особенно польско-советской, сформировалось буржуазно-помещичье государство в форме демократической парламентарно-кабинетной республики. Оно существовало до мая 1926 года, когда наступил военный переворот маршала Й. Пилсудского, который ввёл авторитарную форму правления.
    Źródło:
    Studia Orientalne; 2019, 1(15); 93-107
    2299-1999
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Orientalne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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