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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 51
Tytuł:
Matematyczność biologii
Mathematical Nature of Biology
Autorzy:
Uchmański, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31342342.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Tematy:
matematyzacja biologii
matematyka
biologia
mathematics
biology
mathematical nature of biology
Opis:
Matematyka w naukach przyrodniczych stosowana jest jako bardzo użyteczny język. Fizyka odnosiła i odnosi ogromne korzyści z używania języka matematycznego, mając przy tym duży wpływ na rozwój matematyki. Natomiast stopień matematyzacji biologii jest niewielki – biologia nie ma wpływu na matematykę. W biologii stosuje się te metody matematyczne, których używa się do opisu układów fizycznych. Czy nie popełniamy w ten sposób błędu? A może biologia wymaga zupełnie nowych metod matematycznych dostosowanych do potrzeb tej złożoności, którą reprezentują układy biologiczne.
In natural sciences mathematics is used as a very useful language. Great achievements of physics are related to the application of mathematical methods. Physics has also great influence on the development of mathematics. The degree of the application of mathematics in biology is very small. Biology has no influence on mathematics. Mathematical methods used to describe physical systems are also used to describe biological systems. It can be a mistake. May be biology needs entirely new mathematical methods appropriate for describing the complexity of biological systems?
Źródło:
Filozofia i Nauka; 2015, 3; 345-352
2300-4711
2545-1936
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia i Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Body and biology
Autorzy:
Cipriani, Roberto
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038073.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
body
biology
microflora
DNA
Opis:
The social community is neither a mosaic nor a sum of different identities but something akin to a new, compound being, characterised by its own genome: the mfDNA. It involves, in particular, a kind of colonisation, the outcome of events, contingencies, probabilistic dynamics, interrelationships between the individual (or society) and the environment. Furthermore, community does not imply a mere list of species but a milieu that exists to serve their relative, not simply single and bi-univocal representations and interrelationships, acting within a complex multifactorial network characterized by a preliminary mathematical-model approach. Therefore, it is possible to introduce a new perspective, driven by the mfDNA approach and biology, and suggest a wider context capable of improving our understanding of the role of individuals within societies. We propose a new tool, the “social mfDNA model”, as an interior indicator of the properties, composition and dynamics of human society.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2020, 21; 46-52
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Why to organize Art & Science projects at Nencki Institute?
Autorzy:
Szewczyk, Adam
Fabczak, Hanna
Olszyński, Marek A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/704562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
art
science
biology
Nencki Institute
Opis:
In this paper we described three Art & Science projects organized by the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology (Polish Academy of Sciences), Marcel Nencki Foundation for the Support of Biological Sciences and the Art Department of the University of Rzeszów. First project, celebrating the 100th anniversary of theNencki Institute, was entitled “Biological imaging: inspiration by invisible world” and took place in Mikołajki in 2017. Next two projects were relating to “Art of Biodiversity” (Rzeszów, 2018) and “Power of Biological Structures” (Przeworsk, 2019). The aim of the projects was to introduce ideas of modern experimental biology to artist. All symposia/workshops were followed by few exhibitions at the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Art Department of the University of Rzeszów, etc. Some of paintings originated during these projects established Nencki Art Collection, collection of modern art at Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2019, 4
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
"All my sour-sweet days I will lament and love" – a comparative analysis of metaphors with the basic taste adjectives in Polish and English
Autorzy:
Zawisławska, Magdalena Anna
Falkowska, Marta Helena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/677198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
metaphor
embodiment
biology
culture
taste
Opis:
All my sour-sweet days I will lament and love – a comparative analysis of metaphors with the basic taste adjectives in Polish and EnglishThis paper provides a comparative analysis of verbal synesthetic metaphors with the basic taste adjectives in Polish and English: słodki/sweet, gorzki/bitter, kwaśny/sour, słony/salty. Since taste seems to be an ideal candidate for a universal, biologically determined source of metaphors, the authors seek to verify the hypothesis of metaphor embodiment. The corpus-based analysis of nominal phrases with basic Polish and English taste adjectives indicates that cultural influences on the metaphorical mapping, as well as the importance of the target conceptual domains, must be taken into account. All my sour-swet days I will lament and love – kontrastywna analiza metafor z przymiotnikami oznaczającymi podstawowe smaki w języku polskim i angielskimW artykule analizowane są metafory synestezyjne z przymiotnikami określającymi podstawowe smaki w języku polskim i angielskim: słodki/sweet, gorzki/bitter, kwaśny/sour, słony/salty. Percepcja smakowa, uwarunkowana biologicznie, wydaje się dobrym przykładem uniwersalnej domeny źródłowej w procesie metaforyzacji. Celem pracy jest weryfikacja kognitywnej teorii o metaforze ucieleśnionej oraz sprawdzenie, w jakim stopniu na proces metaforyzacji wpływają czynniki kulturowe.
Źródło:
Cognitive Studies; 2018, 18
2392-2397
Pojawia się w:
Cognitive Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
10 years of the Marceli Nencki Foundation for Supporting Biological Sciences: The present and the future
10 lat działalności Fundacji Marcelego Nenckiego Wspierania Nauk Biologicznych: teraźniejszość i przyszłość
Autorzy:
Nałęcz, Maciej
Nowak, Ewa
Fabczak, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2121235.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Nencki Foundation
popularization
education
biology
science
Opis:
The Marceli Nencki Foundation for Supporting Biological Sciences is a non-go- vernmental organization that conducts public benefit activities. The statutory goal of the Foundation is to support scientific, popularization, and educational efforts in the field of biological sciences. The Foundation focuses its activities primarily on students and young scientists who wish to bring biological sciences closer to young people and foster their creative development. Close cooperation with the Nencki Institute and the promotion of its scientific heritage result in many joint initiatives, including lectures, workshops, study visits, Art and Science, and co- organized scientific conferences. The Foundation began its activities on Novem- ber 14, 2012. Its founders were professors from Nencki Institute and members of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2021, 4; 159-171
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problematyka metafizyczna we współczesnych naukach biologicznych [Recenzja książki Marcina Rządeczki, Problematyka metafizyczna we współczesnych naukach biologicznych, Wydawnictwo Copernicus Center Press, Kraków 2018]
Metaphysical issues in contemporary biological sciences [A Review of Marcin Rządeczka’s Problematyka metafizyczna we współczesnych naukach biologicznych, Wydawnictwo Copernicus Center Press, Kraków 2018]
Autorzy:
Nowicki, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40232232.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
recenzja
biologia
filozofia
review
biology
philosophy
Źródło:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris; 2023, 61, 2; 133-140
1689-4286
Pojawia się w:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Politics and Biology: The Dark Tetrad and Darkness at Noon
Autorzy:
Bloom, Richard W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046451.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
biology
dark tetrad
evolutionary theories
knowledge
politics
Opis:
This paper describes methodological and theoretical problematics in creating knowledge about the relations between politics and biology. eThse problematics are cit ed from philosophy and philosophy of science, critical theory, and scientific method(s). ehT case of politics characterized by the dark tetrad - narcissism, psychopathy, Machi avellianism, and sadism - and biology characterized by evolutionary theories are used as an example. eTh conclusion is that the relations between politics and biology are un knowable and attempts to apply putative knowledge of such relations have led to tragedy and atrocity throughout history.
Źródło:
Teoria Polityki; 2021, 5; 13-21
2543-7046
2544-0845
Pojawia się w:
Teoria Polityki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aristoteles über die Psyche als Prinzip und Ursache des Lebens
Psyche as the Principle and Cause of Life in Aristotle
Autorzy:
Meyer, Martin F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/938410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
biology
psychē
principle of life
life functions
Opis:
Biology is the most extensive field in the Corpus Aristotelicum. In his fundamental work De anima, Aristotle tries to fix the borders of this life science. The term ψυχή has a twofold explanatory status. On the one hand, ψυχή is understood as a principle of all living beings. On the other hand, it is understood as a cause of the fact that all living beings are alive. The paper is divided into three sections. (1) The first part shows why Aristotle discusses these issues in a work entitled Περὶ ψυχῆς. Since Pythagoras and Heraclitus, ψυχή was understood as a life principle: Pythagoras believed that men, animals and plants share the same nature: they are all ἔμψυχα and they are homogenous qua ψυχή. (2) The second part of this article deals with Aristotle’s definition of the soul in DA II: ψυχή is the principle of all living things. This establishes (i) the external criteria to divide living and non-living beings and (ii) the internal criteria to divide living beings. (3) The third part of this paper is concerned with the methodological consequences of this definition: the life functions (δυνάμεις τῆς ψυχῆς) are the central explanandum in Aristotle’s biology. De anima II defines such various life-functions as nourishment, sense-perception and locomotion. These capacities contour the main fields of the philosopher’s biological investigation. For Aristotle, the faculty of reproduction is a subtype of nourishment. Reproduction is the most important and most natural function of all living beings. Genetics is, therefore, the most important field in Aristotle’s biology.
Źródło:
Peitho. Examina Antiqua; 2012, 3, 1; 115-142
2082-7539
Pojawia się w:
Peitho. Examina Antiqua
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biologically Localized Merge of Topics in Mandarin Chinese
Autorzy:
Daoshan, Ma
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1063050.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Brodmann Area 44
biology
linguistics
localization
merge
topic
Opis:
The present article is devoted to the study of the biological localization of merging topics in Mandarin Chinese. The canonical topic structures in Chinese can be classified into 2 types: scrambling topic structures and left dislocated topic structures. In the first type, the topic is moved from its original position of an object or an adjunct to the spec CP position of the sentence; while in the second type, the topic is base generated in the spec CP position. The displaced topic is internally merged with its comment and the base generated topic is externally merged with its comment. Both logical possibilities of merge are localized laterally in BA 44.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 124, 2; 279-291
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O współczesnych badaniach obejmujących zakres stanowiska neowitalistycznego Hansa Driescha. Ogólne uwagi krytyczne
Autorzy:
Szkutnik, Dariusz Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/429097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
Hans Driesch
vitalism science
embryology
biology
metaphysic
totipotential
Opis:
Achievements of Hans Driesch (1867–1941), German embryologist and philosopher,are contemporarily viewed almost exclusively from their later metaphysicalphase of development, while his earlier scientific experimental researchesare not appreciated sufficiently enough. They consisted in highlighting thespecifically totipotential character of biological, and especially of embryological,processes what is still methodologically inspiring in many dimensions ofcontemporary biological investigations. The author postulates thus a deeperanalysis of Driesch’s scientific accomplishments and broader assessment oftheir actual significance in contemporary biology.
Źródło:
Semina Scientiarum; 2017, 16
1644-3365
Pojawia się w:
Semina Scientiarum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kierunek biologiczny we współczesnej kryminologii
Biological Trend in Contemporary Criminology
Autorzy:
Kossowska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699136.pdf
Data publikacji:
1984
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
biologia
kryminologia
zachowanie
środowisko
biology
criminology
behaviour
environment
Opis:
     Discussions of the relationship between biological factors and criminality have a long tradition in criminology. During the first stage of development of positivistic criminology, they constituted a predominant trend in the study of etiology of crime and delinquency. Then, with the future development of this school, they became one of its major lines, together with the study of cultural variables. The controversions between adherents of these two trends of the positivistic school resolve themselves into the essential question nature or nature. In other  words, is a given human behaviour (e.g., criminal) a result of the man’s biological equipment, or was it influenced by the course of the process of upbringing in the broad sense. In different periods one or the other of these approaches predominated. Now it is generally considered that both nature and nurture regulate human behaviour in the process of constant interaction.        Contemporary students of the role of biological factors in the etiology of crime abstain in general from attributing to these factors the conclusive role in  the formation of criminal behaviour. Instead, they maintain that in certain circumstances a given biological factor may contribute to the appearance of behaviour which  departs from the norm. In principle, biological factors may be divided into those which contribute more directly to the appearance of criminal behaviour, and those which exercise only an indirect influence - in interaction with environmental variables. The first group consists of such variables as tumours and other pathological injuries of the central nervous system, some forms of epilepsy and certain types of hormonal disorders. In a sense, all the above variables are directly connected with behaviour disorders which, in certain situations, may lead to the appearance of criminal behaviour. These regularities concern a small percent of offenders only, so general conclusions can not be drawn on this ground as regards biological conditions of delinquency.      Among biological variables which influence behaviour problems (including criminal behaviour) indirectly, in interaction with environmental  variables, the following are  included in general: effect of prenatal and birth complications on the development of the child's central nervous system, minimal brain dysfunction and  their correlates factors connected with heredity, chromosomal abnormalities (particularly XYY syndrome), and various psychophysiological variables related to the conditioning of behaviour. These variables can not be  said to cause in themselves behaviour disorders favourable to crime and delinquency; it is imperative that particular environmental conditions arise for these disorders to appear. Thus in this case we deal with the effecti of different variables conditioned by class or environment, on the individual's biological formation and the role of the relationship between biological and environmental variables in shaping of man's adaptivity, including his ability to behave according to the norm.       In the present article, a review of the contemporary studies of the above problem has been made.       It has repeatedly been discovered that, in environment which is economically and socially unpriviledged, there are decidedly more prenatal  and brith complications which are favourable to injuries of the child's central nervous system. Such injuries positively hinder social adaptation,  particularly if the influence of environment in which the child is brought up is negative. The same may be said about the role of minimal brain dysfunction in the  formation of the child's social attitudes. Here also, the influence of the environment may intensify the effect of the biological factor. In the studies of genetic determination of abnormal behaviour, results were obtained which indicate that in the etiology of such behaviour, hereditary factors are of some importance, while environment often  „intensifies” the effect of genetic  factors.       The approach which is characterized by the search for the connection of both biological and environment variables with behaviour disorders (including criminal behaviour) has a strong position in Polish criminology thanks to the works of Professor Batawia and his associates.      In the final of the article, the importance of disclosures as regards the role of biological factors in the etiology of delinquent behaviour in the field of crime prevention has been discussed.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1984, XI; 123-141
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolutionary aesthetics as a meeting point of philosophy and biology
Autorzy:
Chmielewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
evolutionary aesthetics
philosophy
biology
beauty
morality
sexual selection
Opis:
Metaphysics, or the knowledge of what there is, has been traditionally placed at the pinnacle of philosophical hierarchy. It was followed by theory of knowledge, or epistemology. Practical knowledge of proper modes of conduct, ethics, came third, followed by aesthetics, treated usually in a marginal way as having to do only with the perception of the beautiful. The hierarchy of philosophical disciplines has recently undergone a substantial transformation. As a result, ethics has assumed a central role. The aim of this paper is to suggest that the hierarchy of philosophical disciplines is not yet complete and that one further step needs to be taken. According to the claim advocated here, it is not metaphysics, epistemology or ethics, but aesthetics that is the first and foremost of all philosophical disciplines. This claim is argued for by references to findings of evolutionary aesthetics, especially to Charles Darwin's idea of sexual selection as elaborated in The Descent of Man. I also argue that Darwinian approach to morality is, and should be, derivable from an Darwinian aesthetics which lies at the core of his conception of sexual selection.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2012, 81, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Биология vs. социология и напредъкът на националното тяло (Един теоретичен дебат в българското общество от междувоенния период)
Autorzy:
Димитрова [Dimitrova], Нина [Nina]
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/677908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
interwar period
biology
sociology
Bulgarian philosophical thought
eugenical project
Opis:
Biology vs. sociology and the progress of the national body (a theoretical debate in Bulgarian society in the inter-war period)This text discusses the debate pro and contra the possibilities of biological sociology, the new scientific trend, with respect to its possible benefit for the progress of the nation – a priority issue in the inter-war period. The author presents the arguments of Bulgarian philosophers, sociologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, and other thinkers in the field of the humanities, who commented on the achievements of biology and medicine and their applications for “improving” man and making social life healthier by means of various kinds of negative eugenics. The article focuses on the theoretical controversy between the two approaches to society; their serious consequences are commented on primarily in the context of this debate. The discussion is also viewed as echoing European trends at that time regarding this new role of biology.Two philosophical schools in Bulgaria – Rehmkeanism and Marxism – supported “autonomous sociology,” according to which human society is radically different from the sphere of nature, and the biological factor is not important for changing society. The opponents of this view, more numerous, maintained that heredity was more important than the influence of social environment and upbringing; hence, eugenics – the science of the genetics-based improvement of people and mankind – held many possibilities.The article presents the variety of stances that appeared after the change of the intellectual paradigm of “biologizing” social sciences, as well as the actual attitudes underlying these stances. The author looks for traces of this debate coming down to the present day. Biologia vs socjologia i postęp ciała narodowego (Pewna teoretyczna debata w społeczeństwie bułgarskim w okresie międzywojennym) W artykule została przeanalizowana debata za i przeciw możliwościom socjologii biologicznej, nowego trendu w nauce, w odniesieniu do potencjalnych korzyści dla postępu narodu – kwestii priorytetowej w okresie międzywojennym. Autor przedstawia argumenty bułgarskich filozofów, socjologów, psychologów, psychiatrów oraz innych myślicieli na polu humanistyki, którzy komentują osiągnięcia biologii i medycyny i ich zastosowanie do „polepszenia” człowieka i uzdrowienia życia społecznego na drodze różnego typu eugeniki negatywnej. Uwagę skupiono na sporach teoretycznych między dwoma podejściami do społeczeństwa; ich poważne konsekwencje są komentowane przede wszystkim w kontekście samej debaty. Dyskusja jest ujęta również jako echo ówczesnych trendów europejskich, dotyczących nowej roli biologii.Dwie szkoły filozoficzne w Bułgarii – remkeanizm i marksizm – popierały „socjologię autonomiczną”, wedle której społeczeństwo ludzkie jest radykalnie różne od sfery natury, tak więc czynnik biologiczny nie jest dla zmian społecznych istotny. Zgodnie z przeciwnym punktem widzenia, częściej spotykanym, ważniejsze niż wpływ środowiska i wychowania jest dziedziczenie, toteż eugenika – oparta na genetyce nauka o polepszeniu człowieka i ludzkości – daje wiele możliwości.W artykule ukazano różnorodne stanowiska, pojawiające się w wyniku zmiany intelektualnego paradygmatu „biologizowania” nauk społecznych, jak również autentyczne postawy leżące u ich podstaw. Autor analizuje ślady debaty także w dzisiejszych czasach.
Źródło:
Slavia Meridionalis; 2017, 17
1233-6173
2392-2400
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Meridionalis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 51

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