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    Tytuł:
    The effectiveness of biochar in mitigating changes in the chemical properties of sandy soil treated with various chemicals
    Autorzy:
    Gondek, K.
    Mierzwa-Hersztek, M.
    Kopec, M.
    Losak, T.
    Bennewitz, E.
    Spandel, A.
    Kuc, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192382.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
    Tematy:
    biochar
    soil
    sorption complex
    pH
    electrical conductivity
    heavy metal
    Opis:
    The progressive degradation of soils is a recently increasing environmental problem. The risk of soil degradation may be associated, for example, with landslides, flooding, soil erosion. However, these are relatively rare phenomena compared to the risk of chemical degradation caused by human activity. Given the limited research on the positive effect of miscanthus biochar on soil properties, a study was carried out aimed at determining changes in pH, electrical conductivity, sorption properties, and mobility of selected heavy metals in sandy soil treated with various chemicals. Biochar used in the study was produced at a temperature of 300°C. The addition of biochar to soil generally increased the pH value, regardless of the type of chemical degradation. The study revealed a decrease in the hydrolytic acidity value and, at the same time, no significant changes in the content of alkaline cations and sorption capacity of the biochar-treated soil. The best effect on reducing the mobility of trace elements was achieved by adding biochar to the soil supplemented with acidifying substances. Bearing in mind the current agricultural and environmental problems, there is a need to increase the effectiveness of biochar and to direct its action to improve specific soil properties.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Elementology; 2020, 25, 3; 1045-1058
    1644-2296
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Elementology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Content of PAHs, activities of γ-radionuclides and ecotoxicological assessment in biochars
    Autorzy:
    Gondek, K.
    Mierzwa-Hersztek, M.
    Smreczak, B.
    Baran, A.
    Kopeć, M.
    Mróz, T.
    Janowski, P.
    Bajda, T.
    Tomczyk, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778621.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
    Tematy:
    biochar
    sewage sludge
    PAHs
    γ-radionuclides
    Vibrio fischeri
    Opis:
    The aim of this research was to determine the effect of thermal conversion temperature and plant material addition to sewage sludge on the PAHs content and the activity of selected γ-radionuclides in biochars, and to conduct an ecotoxicological assessment. The pyrolysis of the mixtures of sewage sludge and plant materials at 300°C and such temperature caused an increase in the contents of 2- and 3-ring hydrocarbons. During the pyrolysis of organic materials at 600°C, the amount of the following compounds was reduced in biochars: benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[1,2,3c,d]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene. Among γ-radioisotopes of the elements, natural radiogenic isotopes were dominant. 137Cs was the only artificial radioactive isotope. The pyrolysis of the mixtures of municipal sewage sludge and plant materials revealed that isotope  40K had the highest radioactive activity. In the case of other analysed nuclides, activities of  212Pb,  214Pb,  214Bi, and  137Cs were determined after the sample pyrolysis. The extracts from the mixtures of sewage sludge and plant materials were non-toxic to Vibrio fischeri.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2016, 18, 4; 27-35
    1509-8117
    1899-4741
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of soil quality after biochar application based on enzymatic activity and microbial composition
    Autorzy:
    Mierzwa-Hersztek, M.
    Gondek, K.
    Klimkowicz-Pawlas, A.
    Chmiel, M.J.
    Dziedzic, K.
    Taras, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082557.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    biochar
    soil
    enzymatic activity
    microorganisms
    soil quality indexes
    Opis:
    Soil microorganisms play a key role in many biochemical processes essential for the environment and for the ecological and production functions of soils, hence they are very important quality indicators. The study aimed at evaluating the effect of 1 and 2% additions of wheat and miscanthus straw biochars on soil enzymatic activity (dehydrogenases, urease, phosphatases) and the number of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, actinobacteria). Pot experiments were carried out on soil with a loamy sand texture. The geometric mean of enzyme activities, biological index of fertility, and the integrated total enzyme activity index were used to explore the relationships between soil enzyme activities and the microbiological and chemical properties of soil. The addition of 1% miscanthus straw biochar had the most beneficial effect on the number of bacteria and fungi (increase by 380 and 26%, respectively), and 1% wheat straw biochar on the number of actinomycetes (increase by 273%). The correlation analysis between the number of actinomycetes and the chemical parameters of the soil showed the significant effect of the content of Ntotal (r = 0.76) and Ctotal (r = 0.85). The values of biological index of fertility, total enzyme activity index and geometric mean of enzyme activities indexes showed that the best quality of soil was produced by a 2% addition of wheat straw biochar.
    Źródło:
    International Agrophysics; 2019, 33, 3; 331-336
    0236-8722
    Pojawia się w:
    International Agrophysics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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