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    Tytuł:
    Shoot morphology and leaf gas exchange of Fagus sylvatica as a function of light in Slovenian natural beech forests
    Autorzy:
    Cater, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41573.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    shoot
    plant morphology
    leaf
    gas exchange
    Fagus sylvatica
    light
    Slovenia
    natural beech forest
    beech forest
    plant growth
    Opis:
    Five plots with young beech trees of the same age (13–15 years) were established to study the threshold, where plagiotropic growth becomes evident as the consequence of the reduced light intensity. Trees were equally distributed along the light gradient and were divided according to light conditions (Indirect Site Factor, ISF) into three groups of stand conditions: close canopy stand (ISF<20), edge (2025). Morphological and physiological responses of young beech were studied between managed and old growth forest and between different forest complexes (Pohorje and Kocevje region) on natural beech sites. Criteria for the plagiotrophic growth was the relation between tree length and tree height (l/h) under various light conditions. Under controlled conditions (temperature, flow and CO2 concentration, RH, light intensity) light saturation curves of leaf net photosynthesis were measured on same trees to compare both responses between different light categories and different plots within comparable light conditions. Our study confirmed different thresholds for morphologic response between two forest complexes as well as between old growth and managed forest. Results were in accordance with physiological responses: the value of limiting light for a plagiotropic response was lower in Kocevje (17% ISF) than on Pohorje (25% ISF).
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2010, 64
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Some observations of slime moulds on wood and litter in beech forests
    Obserwacje śluzowców na drewnie i ściółce bukowej
    Autorzy:
    Slusarczyk, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/67086.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    observation
    slime mould
    wood
    litter
    beech forest
    Mycetozoa
    ecology
    nature reserve
    Opis:
    The results of research into slime moulds in beech forest reserves in Central Poland are presented. Thirty species of slime moulds directly associated with beech wood and beech litter were recorded. Species associated with different decay phases of beech wood and litter were identified.
    Artykuł prezentuje dane dotyczące występowania śluzowców w wybranych rezerwatach w Polsce Środkowej, w których buk zwyczajny osiąga północno-wschodnią granicę zasięgu. Przedstawiono listę 30 gatunków śluzowców, które występowały na substracie bukowym, zarówno drewnie jak i ściółce. W pracy przyjęto trójstopniową skalę rozkładu drewna. Wyróżniono: 1 – fazę inicjalną, 2 – optymalną i 3 – finalną kłód, pni i pniaków zalegających w dnie lasu. Na tak określonym substracie przedstawiono gatunki śluzowców. Wśród nich, sześć to taksony nowe dla tego terenu: Fuligo leviderma, Hemitrichia clavata, Collaria arcyrionema (Lamproderma arcyrionema), Physarum leucophaeum, P. notabile, Stemonitis pallida (Seta, Drozdowicz 2004).
    Źródło:
    Acta Mycologica; 2010, 45, 2
    0001-625X
    2353-074X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Mycologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Spatial structure of managed beech-dominated forest: applicability of nearest neighbors indices
    Autorzy:
    Szmyt, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41043.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    spatial structure
    beech forest
    forest
    applicability
    nearest-neighbor index
    Fagus sylvatica
    forest management
    Opis:
    High structural diversity is often attributed to old-growth forests, usually established naturally and unmanaged. Forest diversity should be considered not only in terms of species diversity and richness but also the variation in trees dimension and their spatial distribution have to be taken into consideration. The main goal of this paper was the answer if nearest neighbor indices are suitable for spatial forest structure description. To answer this question results obtained from 3 managed beech-dominated forests from natural regeneration are presented and discussed. The following indices were calculated: Clark-Evans aggregation index (R), DBH and height differentiation indices (TD and TH, respectively) and mingling index (DM) analyzing horizontal and vertical spatial structure of the forest. Results indicated that managed beech forests demonstrated rather homogenous spatial structure in both aspects. Living trees as well as future crop trees were mostly regularly distributed. Spatial variation in DBH and height between living nearest neighbors was rather low. The lowest variation in sizes was demonstrated by future crop trees. Mature beech forests revealed single species structure and other tree species – if present – were spatially segregated from beech. It can be supposed that high homogeneity structure of these forests results from biological characteristics of this species as well as thinning treatments conducted by foresters.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2012, 68
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Spatial autocorrelation of tree attributes in naturally regenerated managed beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests in the Beskid Niski Mountains, southern Poland
    Autorzy:
    Szmyt, J.
    Stoyan, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41093.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    spatial structure
    spatial correlation function
    tree
    natural regeneration
    beech
    Fagus sylvatica
    beech forest
    forest
    Beskid Niski Mountains
    Polska
    Opis:
    European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is a widely distributed forest tree species in central, southern and western Europe. In Poland it reaches the eastern limit of its natural range. The three forest stands selected for the analysis presented here are located in the Dukla Forest Inspectorate, southern Poland in the Beskid Niski Mountains. The measurement plots were rectangular, 0.35 ha each, established under homogenous conditions. The origin of all stands is natural and up to now they were thinned several times according to selective thinning method. The main tree species on each plot is European beech. In each stand (x, y) coordinates, the species, total heights of trees and their diameters at breast height were recorded. Total tree height, diameter, basal area and tree volume were considered as marks in statistical analysis. The aim of this paper is to find out the differences in the spatial autocorrelation of different tree marks as well as to explain the reasons for differences if they were observed. The empirical mark correlation functions indicated that there is a negative spatial correlation of all these marks in all three forest stands, i.e. trees close together tend to have smaller marks than the average in the stand. No significant spatial correlation was found for the tree heights. Diameter, basal area and volume show some correlation, but only in one stand a deviation test showed that the detected spatial correlation is significant. The mark variograms indicated that neighboring trees tended to have similar sizes.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2014, 71
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changes in horizontal structure of natural beech forests on an altitudinal gradient in the Sudetes
    Autorzy:
    Vacek, Z.
    Vacek, S.
    Bilek, L.
    Remes, J.
    Stefancik, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41453.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    structural change
    horizontal structure
    natural forest
    beech forest
    European beech
    Fagus sylvatica
    forest dynamics
    altitudinal gradient
    Sudetes Mountains
    Opis:
    The article describes horizontal structure of the tree layer, natural regeneration, snags and crown projections of natural beech stands on three permanent research plots in the wide altitudinal range in the Krkonoše Mts (Czech Republic). The spatial structure was classified from 1980 to 2010 and subsequently the prediction of spontaneous development with an outlook for 30 years (to 2040) was done by growth simulator. Hopkins-Skellam index, Pielou-Mountford index, Clark-Evans index and Ripley’s K-function were calculated. Further, the vertical structure and total diversity index was evaluated. The horizontal structure of individuals in the tree layer had not changed significantly during the monitored years. Tree spatial pattern of the lowest altitude lying herb-rich beech forest was mostly regular to random, in acidophilous mountain beech forest predominantly random and in fragments of beech groups around the timberline aggregated. Juvenile growth on all investigated plots was distributed aggregated and snags randomly. The horizontal structure of crown projection centroids had always higher values toward the regularity than tree layer and was random to regular. The result of principal component analysis also confirmed that spatial pattern was dependent on the altitude, but also on the number of trees.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2015, 73
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of four methods for estimating relative solar radiation in managed and old-growth silver fir-beech forest
    Autorzy:
    Rozenbergar, D.
    Kolar, U.
    Cater, M.
    Diaci, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41259.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    solar radiation
    old-growth silver fir forest
    beech forest
    forest
    light condition
    forestry
    hemispheric photography
    Opis:
    Methods based on the principle of hemispherical canopy projection, including hemispherical photography (digital andfilm), sensors like LAI 2000 (zenith cutoff anle 74,1°) andstable horizontoscope, represent less accurate, yet significantly less expensive andtime-consuming techniques for radiation measurements comparedto long-term measurement with a network of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensors. With measurements taken at a single point in time they can provide reliable estimates of relative diffuse andd irect solar radiation andcan also be usedto estimate the light climate in different times of the year. The four above mentioned methods for solar radiation estimation were applied at the same points in gaps and under adjacent canopies in unevenaged, mixed Dinaric fir-beech and pure beech montane forests. Locations covereda range of radiation andstandstructure conditions. Data analyses showedgoodreliability of all four methods over the whole range (2–80%) of radiation conditions. The most comparable results come from LAI 2000 andfilm hemispherical photography (all R > 0.90). Digital hemispherical photography is an accurate andreliable (R = 0.89) replacement for film hemispherical photography, but the higher values estimatedfor direct radiation should be taken into account. Compared to the other three methods, the stable horizontoscope gives less accurate results, especially under canopies with poorly defined gaps. Our study showed that all four methods tested are suitable for estimating the solar radiation climate in gaps and stands with heterogeneous vertical structures, andhave potential value as a tool in decision making when practicing silviculture.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2011, 65
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Phytocenotical and ecological characterization of beech forest (Fagus silvatica L.) of Ukraine and possibility to expand their area due to global warming
    Autorzy:
    Parpan, V.I.
    Stojko, S.M.
    Parpan, T.V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59756.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
    Tematy:
    ecological characteristics
    beech forest
    Fagus sylvatica
    Ukraine
    possibility
    global warming
    phytocoenotic characteristics
    hydrothermal coefficient
    Opis:
    In the late Holocene (4 thousand years ago), there were favorable environmental conditions for the growth of beech and spread of beech forests formation in the western regions of Ukraine in a warm and humid climate. Continuous and disjunctive area of beech forest covered the area of 1,445 thousand ha, within which beech forests expanded in an area which was around 525 thousand ha. During the past two centuries due to various types of human impact beech forests have changed significantly both quantitatively and qualitatively. Those changes had negative impact on their coenotic structure. Within the natural habitat of beech forest the beech area decreased by 129.9 thousand ha, or 22.2% (relative to their current area). Ukraine is one of the least wooded countries in Europe (forest cover is only 15.7%). The reproduction of beech forests and the expansion of beech forest area is an important silvicultural and economic aim. Real opportunities for beech forests exist in moderately humid climate zone of West Ukraine. In Ukrainian areas of Roztochya, Opillya and Podillya, remains of natural beech forest are preserved. These phytocoenoses line out the Eastern European border area of beech forests. There is an interest to determine their dynamic trends due to global warming; furthermore such derivatives of natural biogeocenosis are subject to preservation.
    Źródło:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2013, 2/IV
    1732-5587
    Pojawia się w:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gap regeneration in near-natural European beech forest stands in Central Bohemia - the role of heterogeneity and micro-habitat factors
    Autorzy:
    Bilek, L.
    Remes, J.
    Podrazsky, V.
    Rozenbergar, D.
    Diaci, J.
    Zahradnik, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41443.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    gap regeneration
    natural regeneration
    Europe
    beech forest
    Fagus sylvatica
    competition
    stand
    Central Bohemian region
    heterogeneity
    microhabitat factor
    Opis:
    Gap regeneration in a European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest reserve was analyzed in relation to within-gap resource heterogeneity and ground vegetation competition. The study was carried out in two one-hectare permanent research plots (PRP) which included five smaller research plots (RP) encompassing two large gaps (500–700 m2), two small gaps (300–400 m2), and location under canopy. The coverage of woody regeneration, ground vegetation, dead wood, seedling density in eight height classes, characteristics of dominant trees of the beech regeneration, and the total thickness of holorganic horizons were measured. Soil moisture and light conditions were also assessed in selected sample plots. The relative direct and diffuse light was estimated by hemispherical photography. Small gaps showed both the highest cover of tree regeneration and the highest density of individuals per hectare. Slightly less regeneration was recorded in large gaps, while under closed canopy, regeneration densities were 5–10 times lower than in small gaps. Beech regeneration cover and the size (diameter and height) of dominant beech seedlings were positively related to relative diffuse light and negatively related to ground vegetation cover. The latter was positively related to diffuse light and soil moisture content. A pronounced statistically significant contrast in the cover and size of beech regeneration in relation to micro-site conditions (diffuse light, cover of graminoids) was only confirmed between sample plots located below canopy cover and those within gaps. Graminoids, in particular Calamagrostis epigejos L., occurred mainly in the large gap centre and along the southernmost edge of the large gap, increasing competition for resources here. The cumulative cover of ground vegetation and regeneration was relatively low (9–56%) compared with more mesic natural beech forests. The indicated negative influence of direct light at the northern gap edge suggests that extension of gaps on comparable sites in managed forest should not proceed in this direction.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2014, 71
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Średnia biomasa osobnicza zgrupowań biegaczowatych w produkcyjnym cyklu drzewostanów bukowych w Dolinie Ruhry (zachodnie Niemcy)
    Mean individual biomass of carabid assemblages in the productive cycle of beech forests in the Ruhr Valley (Western Germany)
    Autorzy:
    Schreiner, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1006304.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Dolina Ruhry
    drzewostany bukowe
    owady
    biegaczowate
    Carabidae
    lownosc
    srednia biomasa osobnicza
    carabidae
    mib
    beech forest
    succession
    logistic growth
    Opis:
    Number of carabid beetles, length of C. violaceus elytra and MIB of all carabids were studied subsequent to pitfall−trapping in 14 beech stands of increasing age (1−165 years) in Western Germany. The beech stands seemed to offer fairly constant feeding conditions for C. violaceus (and relatively small decrease in rather low level of degradation in the plantation). In total, 5,536 carabid individuals were trapped, which revealed significant increase of MIB (from 156.88 to 733.63 mg) following the logistic growth function. Due to incomplete degradation of the stands (on 'rich' soil and after using specific beech−harvesting techniques), there is a high baseline MIB at t=0 and an early onset of regenerative succession. The curve's gradient is steep and MIB reaches final value of about 650 mg in timber stands. Such high value may be explained by the good quality of loam soils in the area under study. In conclusion, logistic MIB function was calculated that describes regenerative beech succession on 'rich' soil and may help foresters to identify areas of disturbed succession.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2012, 156, 11; 833-842
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmiany w runie żyznej buczyny niżowej Galio odorati-Fagetum w rezerwacie Wronie w latach 1967-2005
    Changes in herb layer vegetation in Pomeranian fertile beech forest Galio odorati-Fagetum in Wronie nature reserve in 1967-2005
    Autorzy:
    Puchałka, R.
    Cyzman, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989805.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    rezerwaty przyrody
    rezerwat Wronie
    drzewostany bukowe
    zbiorowiska roslinne
    zyzna buczyna nizowa
    zespol Galio odorati-Fagetum
    runo lesne
    roznorodnosc gatunkowa
    nature conservation
    biodiversity
    beech forest
    ellenberg's values
    northern poland
    Opis:
    The Wronie nature reserve was established in 1978 for conservation of Pomeranian fertile beech forest Galio odorati−Fagetum (=Melico−Fagetum) outside of the natural range of European beech Fagus sylvatica. Reserve is located in Golub−Dobrzyń Forest District (53°18'39.52"N; 18°54'3.89"E; N Poland). The aim of our study was to determine the influence of passive protection for beech forest herb layer biodiversity. For our research, we used four series of phytosociological relevés made in 1967, 1984, 1995 and 2005. To investigate changes in habitat conditions we used Ellenberg indicator values. Differences between years were analysed with ANOVA and Tukey test. In subsequent years, the frequency and cover of non−forest species, mainly from Epilobietea, Artemisietea, Trifolio−Geranietea and Molinio−Arrhenatheretea classes increased. This is caused by the increase in light availability, as result of disturbances in the tree stands (windthrow, oak decline, insect gradation). Light is the only Ellenberg coefficient that has significantly changed during 38 years (fig., tab. 2). Increase of light availability had no effect on biodiversity of forest herb species from Querco−Fagetea class. In comparison, with other studies in similar forest communities, our results suggests that passive protection might give different effects on biodiversity in similar forest communities, depending on tree stand dynamics.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 06; 443-451
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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