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Tytuł:
Ukraińscy migranci zarobkowi w Polsce – dlaczego tak trudno ich policzyć?
Ukrainian labour migrants in Poland. Why is it so difficult to count them?
Autorzy:
Brunarska, Zuzanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14727498.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
labour migration
migration
Polska
numerical estimates
Ukrainians
migration pattern
Opis:
The article discusses the characteristics of the Ukrainian labour migration to Poland. The author tries to answer the question of why it is so difficult to estimate the actual number of Ukrainians working in Poland. The first section provides a brief overview of available data and estimates. The following sections focus on selected elements of the migration patterns which cause difficulties in estimating the size of the population of Ukrainian workers. The analyses concern, inter alia, the imperfection of the system of employers’ declarations, alternative channels of legalization of stay, the temporality of migration, preferred job search and remittances sending methods, and the specificity of the main sectors of employment.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2014, 4(40); 155-174
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Just/unjust securitisation and social mobilisation
Autorzy:
Polko, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2165702.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
securitisation
social mobilisation
migration policy
illegal migration
unauthorized migration
Polska
Opis:
As a process of broadening the security category, securitisation is used to draw attention to urgent and existential threats that cannot be resolved through ordinary political decisions. It presupposes the authorisation of extraordinary measures as long as they are accepted by the “audience” (the elite or society as a whole). Due to the growing importance of these processes, more and more objections and doubts have been formulated towards the theory of securitisation regarding, inter alia, the morality of these processes, including the intentions of securitising actors (just or unjust securitisation). This article presents case studies on the Poland’s migration policy, in which securitisation movements reinforced social mobilisation by referring to the category of security. The methodological framework of the securitisation theory and the just securitisation theory have been implemented. The presented results indicate that in the process of extending the security category, it is important to study the intentions of securitising actors and the existential dimension of the reported threats due to the power of influence and the effects of securitisation measures.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2022, XLVIII, 3; 127-139
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ewolucja polskiej polityki migracyjnej w zakresie migracji zarobkowych po 1 maja 2004 r.
Polish migration policy and post‑2004 labour migration
Autorzy:
Duszczyk, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14724074.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
post‑accession emigration
migration
migration policy
Polska
migration law
labour market
Opis:
The article looks at the questions related to evolution of the Polish migration policy in light of the labour migration which occurred after the EU accession. In the first section, the author presents the theoretical background to the migration policy. The main focus in the paper is placed on the links between the Polish migration strategy and the great wave of labour migration following Poland’s entry into the EU in 2004. The author discusses the statistics on migration trends and patterns, as well as national policies and documents referring to the labour migration.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2014, 4(40); 37-54
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Predicting a Migration Transition in Poland and its Implications for Population Ageing
Autorzy:
Fihel, Agnieszka
Janicka, Anna
Okólski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2233821.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
population ageing
international migration
migration projection
demographic transition
migration transition
Polska
Opis:
Poland, traditionally a country of emigration, started to record a positive migration balance in recent years. However, thus far, no forecast has indicated the possibility of Poland’s transition from a net sending to a net receiving regime. This study indicates the theoretical underpinnings of such a change and provides an international migration projection. To this end, we refer to the historical experiences of other European countries, more advanced in terms of the Demographic Transition (DT), Second Demographic Transition (SDT) and Migration Transition. We develop a deterministic migration projection of four types of flow (the in- and out-migration of nationals and foreign citizens) up until 2060, combined with the United Nations’ Bayesian probabilistic models of fertility and mortality projections. The results show that Poland will evolve from having a net sending to having a net receiving status around 2030–2034. The combined effect of migration flows on population ageing will not be significant but, in the long run, when considered separately, the four types of flow will have non-negligible, though opposite, effects: the outflows will contribute to population rejuvenation, while the inflows will accelerate population ageing.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2023, 12, 1; 265-292
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
To Settle or to Leave Again? Patterns of Return Migration to Poland During the Transition Period
Autorzy:
Fihel, Agnieszka
Górny, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498755.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
return migration
Polska
re-emigration
temporary migration
Opis:
The article discusses the notion of return migration with regard to its permanency and temporariness. In reference to selective patterns of return migration, factors conducive to permanent returns and to re-emigration, i.e. subsequent migration after the return, are examined with the use of a logistic regression model. Analyses demonstrated in the article are devoted to return migration to Poland in 1989-2002 and based on the 2002 Polish census data. The obtained results confirm earlier findings on the major role of the level of human capital and family attachments in shaping the nature of the return waves. It was revealed that return migrants who decided on a longer stay in Poland were more often living in Polish urban areas, and had higher human capital and stronger family attachments to Poland, when compared to re-emigrants. It was also observed that return migrants possessing dual nationality were the most likely to engage in re-emigration, while descendants of Polish emigrants tended to settle in Poland on a more permanent basis.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2013, 2, 1; 55-76
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przejawy nielegalnej migracji w Polsce
Forms of Irregular Migration in Poland
Autorzy:
Szulecka, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698640.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
migracja
nielegalna migracja
kryminologia
irregular migration
migration
Polska
criminology
Opis:
The article analyses a series of in-depth expert interviews conducted in the first half of 2015 with border guards from selected units across Poland within the framework of the project CIS – Modular Multipurpose System of Foreigner Identification with a risk of trafficking analysis module. Special preparedness for intensified migration in Europe, and potentially also in Poland, observed already in the first half of 2015 when the fieldwork was conducted, indicates that although the analyzed material covers the period before the onset of the refugee crisis, its conclusions are universal and can be applied to a different migratory situation. The term “irregular migration” is used throughout the text to describe different instances of non-compliance with the law at different stages of the migration process (mainly entry, residence, and work), keeping in mind that it is an imprecise term that is increasingly replaced with expressions meant to reduce stigmatization on the one hand, and to convey the complexity of the issue on the other. The expression “irregular migration” functions in Polish law, although without a precise definition. The Border Guard, as stated in the law regulating the activities of this formation, is the primary state agency tasked with preventing and combating irregular migration. Statistics available in Poland – which allow to estimate the supposed scale of irregular migration – show it to be a very marginal phenomenon, in fact similar to immigration to Poland, in spite of an observable climb in statistics since 2014. From the viewpoint of the relevant services, it seems alarming, however, that although irregular migration levels remain relatively low (particularly compared to other EU countries), there are many (although it is not clear on what scale) violations, associated, if not with irregular migration as such, then with processes typically described as semi-legal or quasi-legal migration. The data available indicate that the number of foreigners staying in Poland illegally is somewhere between a couple to several thousand people. The picture is somewhat different when it comes to the estimated number of foreigners staying in Poland for very short periods of time without the required documents. It is impossible to determine how many such people enter and leave Poland every month or year, particularly due to Schengen arrangements which leave a large section of the state border without checks. Comparing irregular migration-related threats from a dozen years ago to those encountered in Poland today, we can describe today’s irregular migration as irregular migration in “velvet gloves,” or semi-legal migration. On the one hand, the complexity and content of Polish migration law (in terms of what is permitted, and what is not) create potential for abuses. These abuses have, however, become more and more difficult to detect and demonstrate in proceedings before other authorities (prosecutors, courts). Unauthorized movements or organized trans-border travel often have an air of legality; many elements of the migration process comply with the law, authentic documents are used and procedures are followed, yet deeper analysis reveals that the process is essentially based on activities that violate the law (for example, obtaining the attestation of false statements under false pretenses, deliberately misleading a public official, staying within the territory of Poland for purposes other than those stated when applying for a residence or entry permit). The results of the qualitative study carried out among experts show that irregular migration in Poland in the second decade of the twenty-first century is essentially a marginal problem, particularly when compared to the challenges faced by other EU countries, unless we also consider so-called semi-legal migration. The latter is a massscale phenomenon, although this mass quality is not evidenced by official figures. Two phenomena belonging to semi-legal migration, with the potential of turning into “classic” irregular migration, came to the fore in the discussion on forms of irregular migration in Poland, the possibilities of detecting them, as well as the limited means there are of preventing them. The first is unjustified recourse to refugee procedures. The second consists in abusing a procedure that experts have deemed virtually unverifiable, namely the simplified procedure for hiring foreigners based on the employer’s declaration of intent. The fact that this procedure has contributed to the growth of services linked directly to organized irregular migration was mentioned by the respondents as the most problematic aspect of the said legal instrument. The issue of abusing other procedures remained in the background, which does not however mean that these infractions are treated dismissively, however from the viewpoint of the experts interviewed, they are either too few or pose less of a problem in terms of detection and application of relevant sanctions. Taking into account the forms of irregular migration discussed in the article, including types of violations and the limited possibilities of checking them, effective enforcement of compliance with the law on entry, residence and work seems a considerable challenge, particularly given the not always consistent regulations and their interpretation. The institution with the most experience in contacts with foreigners, namely the Border Guard, has long-standing experience in protecting state borders. Currently, the Border Guard is not only a side in various administrative and penal proceedings, but also an institution controlling the legality of stay and work in the territory of Poland. This requires that migration processes be looked at in a broader context, and not merely through the lens of individual infractions. The author attempts to bring out the said broad context and to describe and explain occurring forms of irregular migration.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2016, XXXVIII; 191-268
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recent Trends in International Migration in Poland
Autorzy:
Fihel, Agnieszka
Kaczmarczyk, Paweł
Stefańska, Renata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
international migration
emigration
immigration
migration policy
Polska
SOPEMI report
Opis:
The article presents the main recent developments in migration policy and migration trends to and from Poland. Polish migration policy has been becoming more open to immigrants in the years 2009-2011, especially immigrants needed by the Polish economy. At the same time, according to the new migration strategy, it is going to devote more attention to the issue of immigrants’ integration. As for trends in international migration, the trans-border mobility remained elevated and intensified, among others due to agreements on the Local Border Traffic with the Eastern neighbours. Since 2006 the emigration for a permanent stay has been decreasing and immigration for a permanent stay has been increasing, mostly due to return migration of Polish citizens, but still, in 2010 a negative net migration was registered. The number of long-term Polish emigrants stabilized, while the number of short-term emigrants declined abruptly, which suggests that Poland is already in a ‘late’ or ‘mature’ phase of post-accession emigration, characterized by stabilization of the outflow of settlement type and intensification of return migration. The latter is to some extent reflected by the statistics referring to immigration for a permanent stay and to mixed marriages. Labour immigration and foreign employment in Poland have been increasing constantly over recent years.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2012, 1, 1; 69-90
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Schwarz und Grau hinter Weiß und Rot. Autoritäre Potenziale in der türkischen und in der polnischen Gesellschaft im Spiegel der Reportagen Bittersüße Heimat: Bericht aus dem Inneren der Türkei von Necla Kelek und Rückkehr nach Polen: Expeditionen in mein Heimatland von Emilia Smechowski
Black and Grey behind White and Red: Authoritarian Potential in the Turkish and Polish Societies in the Light of Necla Kelek’s Bittersweet Homeland: A Report from the interior of Türkiye and Emilia Smechowski’s Return to Poland: Expeditions to My Homeland
Autorzy:
Okoński, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14731412.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
migration
Kelek
Smechowski
PiS
AKP
Türkiye
Polska
Adorno
Migration
Türkei
Polen
Opis:
(Post-)Migrationsliteratur polnischer und türkischer Autoren in Deutschland ist nicht mehr eine künstlerische Aufarbeitung des Lebens in der Fremde, ein Blick auf den Westen aus östlicher Perspektive oder ein Spiegelbild von Traumata, Phobien und Träumen aus der alten Heimat. Schriftsteller mit ausländischen Wurzeln beziehen sich in ihren Werken immer häufiger auf die deutsche Geschichte und Gegenwart. Ähnlich wie die Autoren türkischer Herkunft, berichten auch die in Deutschland lebenden polnischen Schriftsteller und Publizisten über das Land ihrer Kindheit – und das ist nicht immer ein sentimentaler Blick. Ideologische Polarisierung, antidemokratische Tendenzen, Patriarchat, religiöser Radikalismus, Phantomschmerzen und Sehnsucht nach der imperialen Vergangenheit, Nationalismus und Idealisierung der eigenen Geschichte, Teilung des Landes in prowestliche Metropolen und in eine konservative Provinz bilden einen Hintergrund für die Wanderung durch das wiederentdeckte Herkunftsland – in Polen und in der Türkei. Emilia Smechowskis Rückkehr nach Polen. Expeditionen in mein Heimatland (2019) und die Reportage der deutsch-türkischen Soziologin Necla Kelek Bittersüße Heimat: Bericht aus dem Inneren der Türkei (2008) bilden den Ausgangspunkt für eine vergleichende Analyse der autoritären Potentiale in beiden Gesellschaften.
Post-)migration literature by Polish and Turkish authors in Germany is no longer an artistic elaboration of life abroad, a view of the West from an Eastern perspective or a reflection of traumas, phobias and dreams from the old homeland. More and more frequently, writers with foreign roots refer to the German past and present. Similarly to authors of Turkish origin, Polish writers and journalists living in Germany are reporting on the country of their childhood—and that is not always a sentimental view. Ideological polarization, anti-democratic tendencies, patriarchy, religious radicalism, phantom pains and longing for the imperial past, nationalism and idealization of one’s own history, division of the country into pro-Western metropolises and a conservative province form a background for the journey through the rediscovered country of origin—in Poland and in Türkiye. Emilia Smechowski’s Return to Poland: Expeditions to my home country (2019) and the report by the German-Turkish sociologist Necla Kelek Bittersweet Home: Report from the interior of Turkey (2008) form the starting point for a comparative analysis of the authoritarian potentials in both societies.
Źródło:
Porównania; 2022, 32, 2; 213-231
1733-165X
Pojawia się w:
Porównania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Complexities of Dual Citizenship Analysis
Autorzy:
Pudzianowska, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498585.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dual citizenship
migration
Polska
Opis:
The prevalent conceptual approach used to assess multiple citizenship legislation is based on analysing a set of selected elements of the relevant legal framework. This paper argues that the evolution of legal rules on dual citizenship cannot be comprehensively analysed using methods created for comparative analyses and based on a narrow selection of legal rules that reflect either a restrictive or an open approach to dual citizenship. The simplified approach that focuses on the analysis of selected fragments of explicit legislation generates results that may be misleading. Therefore, the terms of reference for comparative study of multiple citizenship should be elaborated and extended. A comprehensive comparative method also has to take into account the migration context as well as relevant aspects of the legal and political context. This article explores these issues through an analysis of Polish legal rules in the field of dual citizenship.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2017, 6, 1; 15-30
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ permanentnych migracji zagranicznych na zmiany regionalnych układów zaludnienia w Polsce
Influence of permanent internationl migration on regional population changes in Poland
Autorzy:
Gałka, Jadwiga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/586628.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Permanentne migracje zagraniczne
Polska
Typologia migracji
Migration typology
Permanent international migration
Polska
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest określenie wpływu permanentnych migracji zagranicznych Polaków na zmiany przestrzennych układów zaludnienia w Polsce w latach 2004- 2012. W pracy wykorzystano dane Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego dotyczące wyjazdów na pobyt stały według gmin. Aby zrealizować ten cel zastosowano szereg metod badawczych, w tym m.in. opracowano typogram relacji ruchu naturalnego i bilansu migracji zagranicznych na pobyt stały dla uśrednionych wartości przyrostu naturalnego i salda migracji dla trzech przekrojów czasowych 2004-2006, 2007-2009, 2010-2012. Badania wykazały nieznaczny wpływ permanentnych migracji zagranicznych na zmiany zaludnienia w gminach Ziem Odzyskanych oraz województw małopolskiego i podkarpackiego, gdzie były one niwelowane przyrostem naturalnym. Natomiast niekorzystny wpływ permanentnych migracji zagranicznych odnotowano w gminach leżących w pasie od województwa dolnośląskiego, przez opolskie, śląskie, świętokrzyskie, po podlaskie i lubelskie. Tereny te od kilkudziesięciu lat traciły ludność w wyniku naturalnych procesów starzenia się populacji oraz emigracji. Procesy depopulacyjne dodatkowo nasiliły się po 2004 r., kiedy wyjechała spora część osób z tych terenów. Można więc przypuszczać, że powstałe w ten sposób nowe sieci migracyjne będą z kolei podstawą do występowania następnych wyjazdów.
The aim of this study was to determine impact of permanent international migration on spatial population change in Poland between 2004-2012. The data, provided by Central Statistical Office in Poland, about number of permanent migrants in local authorities (gminy) were used in this research. To achieve this objective, a number of research methods were used, and a typology was created for the relationship between the vital statistics and international net migration for permanent residence for the average values of birth rates and net migration for the three time sections 2004-2006, 2007-2009, 2010-2012. Studies have shown a negligible impact of permanent international migration on population changes in the municipalities in the Recovered Territories and the voivodeships of Malopolska and Podkarpackie, where they were offset by birth rates. In contrast, the negative impact of permanent migration was recorded in the municipalities located along the line stretching from Lower Silesia through Opole, Silesian, Świętokrzyskie, Podlasie and Lublin voivodeships. Loss of population has been observed in these areas for decades, due to natural ageing of population and emigration. Depopulation processes intensified after 2004, when a big part of the population left these areas. We can therefore assume that any resulting new migration networks will, in turn, become.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2017, 309; 95-108
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Dilemmas of Policy Towards Return Migration. The Case of Poland After the EU Accession
Autorzy:
Lesińska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498653.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
return migration
state policy
Polska
Opis:
The article introduces the theoretical approach to analysing return migration policy and discusses the main dilemmas of the state related to political reaction to returns of its nationals. The concept of reactive and active policy is presented, the first aiming at minimising the negative effects of returns, while the second focused on stimulating the return processes. The main drivers and determinants of the return policy effectiveness as well as the types, scope and scale of state activities addressed to returnees are also discussed in the article. The practice of state policy implementation is illustrated with the example of the particular case of Poland as a country which faced mass emigration after accession to the European Union and return migration in the recent years. The review of conceptual documents, the rationale for the state policy and the variety of activities implemented by the Polish government and other institutions are presented.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2013, 2, 1; 77-90
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nietrafne klasyfikacje? O przydatności teorii migracyjnych w badaniu polskiej emigracji lat 1980. (na przykładzie Australii)
Inaccurate Classifications? The Usability of Migration Theories in the Research of Polish Migration in the 1980s (an Australian Example) .
Autorzy:
Pleskot, Patryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Australia
migration theories
Polska
refugees
Opis:
This article aims at considering the question whether various migration theories, especially in the fields of demography and sociology, could be useful in the analysis of migration from Poland to Australia in the 1980s. The author is not able to propose definitive answers, however he suggests that the division between political and economic migration, commonly used by researchers, does not provide an effective instrument for describing this specific social group. The article shows that the majority of Poles who did have an official refugee status did not in fact fit well into the definition of a refugee. Meanwhile, among the migrants who did not obtain the refugee status, one could find many active members of the Solidarity movement and also people persecuted by the Polish authorities. Within the research on migration motives, migration transfer, adaptation processes and, to some extent, political activity of Polish migrants in Australia, the author found the following models most useful and applicable: various social network theories, Oded Stark's relative deprivation model, the model of decision-making process developed by Gerald Haberkorn or the concept of Oddyssean and Rubicon refugees by Danièle Joly. None of these theories can provide a universal tool which could allow the researcher to cover all methodological problems related to the subject of Polish migration to Australia between 1980 and 1989 – especially in the area of understanding migrants’ public activity in the new country.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2013, 2, 2; 55-73
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Migration Transition in Poland
Autorzy:
Okólski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
migrations
migration transition
Europe
Polska
Opis:
In the period 1950–2020, international migration in Europe changed significantly. One of the most characteristic features was the change in net migration from negative to positive. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, Poland belonged to the minority of countries in this respect – that is, it experienced strong emigration but only minor immigration. However, migration in Poland has also been changing. In the second decade of this century, the outflow of people has weakened, the inflow of migrants has increased and the migration balance has become positive. I analyse these phenomena from the theoretical perspective of the migration transition that was experienced in the second half of the twentieth century by most countries in Western, Northern and Southern Europe. I attempt to answer the question of whether the latest migration phenomena prove that this transition is also occurring in Poland. In conclusion, I argue that the available to-date evidence provides an affirmative answer to this question.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2021, 10, 2; 151-169
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Status prawny mniejszości narodowych w Polsce. Jego geneza i ewolucja w świetle rozwiązań prawnych
The legal status of national minorities in Poland. Genesis and evolution of its in the light of legal solutions
Autorzy:
Marszałek, Piotr Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Polska
national minorities
law
migration
Opis:
Human migration is an inherent part of their existence. Reasons for necessity of moving are very different. The factors determining to leaving of hitherto seats and the search for new ones are, first of all, the securing of oneself and the closest security and the improvement of living conditions. Properly defining the status of migrants in the new community was of paramount importance in shaping the proper relationship between the two groups, mainly to avoid the hardships that could hinder coexistence. The article presents the development of legal norms shaping the legal status of national minorities in Poland. It concentrates on solutions created after the systemic changes made after 1989. Indicates the extent to which the Polish legislation has taken into account the norms of european law. It also draws attention to security risks when these issues are disregarded by the public authority.
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2017, 11; 325-336
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Challenges to the state policy towards migration processes in Poland
Wyzwania dla polityki państwa wobec procesów migracyjnych w Polsce
Autorzy:
Heffner, Krystian
Solga, Brygida
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041604.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Polska
procesy migracyjne
polityka migracyjna
rynek pracy
Polska
migration processes
migration Policy
labour market
Opis:
In quantitative dimension, Poland is a significant émigré country in which the scale of external outflow has been maintained at the level of about 2 million people for many years. In the light of (Central Statistical Office) data in 2016, 2 million 515 thousand Poles were abroad temporarily for a period of more than 3 months. An important task of migration policy is therefore to minimise the negative effects of mass emigration and to maximise the benefits resulting from this process. At the same time, in the decade after 2010, the volume of foreigners coming to Poland increased significantly and it should be expected that, as the socio-economic attractiveness of the country has grown, this group would be increasing as well. According to the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy (Ministerstwo Rodziny, Pracy i Polityki Społecznej) data, 235 626 work permits were issued in 2017, including 192 547 to Ukrainian citizens (ca. 82%). To compare, in the same year, the district employment offices (Powiatowy Urząd Pracy) registered 1 824 464 declarations of intention to work to foreigners, including 1 714 891 towards the citizens of Ukraine (94%). The discussion on the nature of immigration policy is therefore unavoidable. The growing inflow of foreigners is gaining a special demographic, social and political significance in the context of unfavourable forecast of population changes in Poland. It also has an important regional dimension. From this perspective, foreigners will be needed on the Polish labour market to alleviate already existing and projected shortages of labour resources. An important challenge is to develop a strategy for the integration of social, economic and cultural foreigners into the Polish society. Consequently, the persistent mass emigration, growing immigration, unflagging migration potential and, more expected than real, the return of Poles from emigration are a great challenge for the Polish economy and society as well as for regions. This multidimensional nature of foreign migration in Poland makes the emergence of migration policy system, corresponding to internal and external conditions, a necessity. The postulate of the formulation of the foundations of a migration policy appeared in Poland at the beginning of the 1990s, but until now a coherent system of this policy has failed to develop as a complementary element of the socio-economic policy of the country.
Ze względu na wielkość, Polska jest znaczącym krajem emigracyjnym, w którym od wielu lat utrzymuje się skala odpływu zewnętrznego na poziomie około 2 mln ludzi. W świetle danych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego, w 2016 r. 2 mln 515 tys. Polaków przebywało tymczasowo za granicą przez okres dłuższy niż 3 miesiące. Ważnym zadaniem polityki migracyjnej jest zatem zminimalizowanie negatywnych skutków masowej emigracji i maksymalizacja korzyści wynikających z tego procesu. Jednocześnie w dekadzie po 2010 roku znacznie wzrosła liczba cudzoziemców przybywających do Polski i należy oczekiwać, że w miarę wzrostu atrakcyjności społeczno-ekonomicznej kraju grupa ta będzie rosła. Według danych Ministerstwa Rodziny, Pracy i Polityki Społecznej w 2017 roku wydano 235 626 zezwoleń na pracę, w tym 192 547 dla obywateli Ukrainy (ok. 82%). Równolegle w tym samym roku powiatowe urzędy pracy zarejestrowały 1 824 464 deklaracji zamiaru podjęcia pracy przez cudzoziemców, w tym 1 714 891 przez obywateli Ukrainy (94%). Dyskusja na temat charakteru polityki imigracyjnej jest zatem nieunikniona. Rosnący napływ cudzoziemców nabiera szczególnego znaczenia demograficznego, społecznego i politycznego w kontekście niekorzystnych prognozowanych zmian populacji w Polsce, ma także istotny wymiar regionalny. Z tej perspektywy cudzoziemcy będą potrzebni na polskim rynku pracy, aby złagodzić już istniejące i prognozowane niedobory zasobów pracy. Ważnym wyzwaniem jest opracowanie kompleksowej strategii integracji społecznej, gospodarczej i kulturalnej cudzoziemców ze społeczeństwem polskim. W związku z tym utrzymująca się masowa emigracja, rosnąca imigracja, niesłabnący potencjał migracyjny oraz – bardziej oczekiwany, niż rzeczywisty – powrót Polaków z emigracji stanowią wielkie wyzwanie dla polskiej gospodarki i społeczeństwa, a także dla regionów. Ten wielowymiarowy charakter migracji zagranicznych w Polsce powoduje, że pojawienie się systemowej polityki migracyjnej, odpowiadającej warunkom wewnętrznym i zewnętrznym, staje się koniecznością. Postulat sformułowania założeń polityki migracyjnej pojawił się w Polsce na początku lat 90., ale do tej pory spójny system tej polityki nie rozwinął się jako uzupełniający element polityki społeczno-gospodarczej kraju.
Źródło:
Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej; 2019, 8; 107-116
2300-0562
2450-0127
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 88

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