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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    The Deputies of Vitebsk District to the Sejm of Lublin in 1569: The Social Biography of Piotr Kisiel and Tymofiej Hurko
    Autorzy:
    Padalinski, Uladzimir A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178396.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Union of Lublin
    biography
    nobles
    social activity
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Vitebsk district
    Sejm
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to examine the most important forms of social activity of the petty and middle nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the second half of the 16th century on the example of the unique life stories of two Vitebsk noblemen. The article discusses biographies of Piotr Kisiel and Tymofiej Hurka, who represented the Vitebsk district at the Sejm in 1569 and directly participated in the conclusion of the Union of Lublin. For a long time, the historiography discussed only the most influential participants of the sessions of this Sejm. However, ‘ordinary’ representatives of the wide group of nobles from the districts of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania also played their part in negotiations regarding the conclusion of the union. The aims, ideas, worldview, and values along with the personal experiences of those people directly affected their social and political position, and thus, to some extent, shaped the entire state. The author shows the influence of military and political events of the 1560s on the political activities of Piotr Kisiel and Tymofiej Hurka. The experience gained from the Livonian War influenced their attitude towards the union between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish Crown in 1569. The investigations presented by the author show that significant transformations of the 1560s (reforms of the political system of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the creation of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) gave the Kisiel and Hurka families the opportunity to actively participate in public life and allowed them to occupy a permanent place among the political elites of the Vitebsk district. The research results are based on various types of documentary sources, both published ones and manuscripts. The methodological basis of the analysis is the biographical method. The article emphasizes that detailed investigations of the biographies of ‘ordinary’ nobles opened new research perspectives in regard to the history of the noblemen of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the entire Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2019, 84, 4; 73-96
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zamki i drogi na białoruskim Podźwiniu w czasie wojny inflanckiej (1558–1583)
    Castles and Transportation Networks in Podvine, Belarus, during the Livonian War (1558–1583)
    Autorzy:
    Volkau, Mikola
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32388132.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Livonian wars
    military logistics
    defensive infrastructure
    fortifications
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Tsardom of Muscovy
    Opis:
    The study of warfare in Belarusian Podvine (Polack and Viciebsk Voivodeships along with the Braslaŭ district) throughout the Livonian Wars has garnered considerable scholarly attention. However, several pivotal aspects have not been explicated, including the objectives behind various war campaigns and the efficacy of strategies employed by the adversaries – the Tsardom of Muscovy and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569). A thorough analysis of military logistics, with its focal points being transportation routes and fortifications, is essential for a comprehensive insight into these issues. The assessment of military potential associated with Lithuanian and Muscovite castles is most effectively executed through an in-depth analysis of their arsenals and garrisons. Evidently, the supply of weaponry indicated that Vilnius anticipated an intense struggle for control over the Daugava River, which was significant for dominance in Livonia. The Polack campaign led by Ivan the Terrible during the winter of 1562/1563 should be evaluated as a rational, yet daring manoeuvre. This endeavour instigated the construction of a robust network of fortresses in the occupied territories, the upkeep of which proved very expensive, and the lack of waterways further exacerbated the problem. Conversely, the Lithuanians adeptly devised a defensive framework on the left bank of the Daugava River, and successfully thwarted efforts to block Viciebsk – a city that maintained control over river transportation. The skilful utilisation of roads and watercourses within Podvine emerged as a pivotal factor contributing to the triumphs of Stephen Batory’s military campaigns from 1579 to 1582.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2023, 88, 3; 27-57
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wspólnota jezuitów w Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów. Między tradycją a zmianą
    Jesuit Community in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Between Tradition and Change
    Autorzy:
    Mariani, Andrea
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178405.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Roman Catholic Church
    Society of Jesus
    Jesuits
    religious province
    prosopography
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Opis:
    When discussing the composition of the Polish and Lithuanian provinces of the Society of Jesus, this article is part of the trend of prosopographic and socio-historical research devoted to the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church. The aim of the research is to grasp both permanent elements and changes that took place in the structure of the Jesuit community in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The author not only presents similarities and differences in the development of the Polish and Lithuanian provinces, but also discusses the trends occurring in their area in a wide pan-European context, comparing the situation of Polish and Lithuanian Jesuits with other administrative units of the order. The chronological scope of the work covers the years 1608–1773, i.e. from the creation of the Lithuanian province as a result of the division of the Polish administrative unit of the order to the dissolution of the Society. The base of primary sources consists of annual and three-year catalogues kept in the Roman Archives of the Society of Jesus, which were analyzed in the form of survey using statistical methods. Against the background of the development of the institution’s network and its financial situation, the author focuses on four issues: the number of Jesuits, their religious vows, their geographical distribution and regions of origin. The conducted research above all shows the influence of the political and military situation of the state on the size of the Jesuit community: the wars of the mid-17th century and, albeit to a lesser extent, the first decade of the 18th century brought serious consequences. The structure of the community in terms of religious vows evolved in a similar way to other European provinces of the Society, as indicated by the increase in the number of professes of four religious vows, who constituted the elite of the order. This phenomenon testifies to the fact that, despite the crises that affected the Commonwealth, the order provided its members with better and better education. The geographical distribution and regions of origin of the Jesuits are closely related, since the recruitment of candidates for the order took place mostly among graduates of Jesuit schools. The most important change in this respect was the increase in the significance of the eastern territories of the Commonwealth both in terms of the number of friars residing there and the participation of representatives of local society in the Jesuit community. As a result of this tendency, in the 18th century the role of the inhabitants of the ethnically Polish territories of the Commonwealth weakened; in the previous century they had constituted, due to their geographical mobility, a substantial part of the Jesuit community in the eastern regions of the Polish-Lithuanian state. This phenomenon clearly indicates the process of cultural integration that took place in the eastern lands of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and changes in the social mechanism of recruiting friars, manifested in the increase in the number of Jesuits of noble origin.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2019, 84, 4; 123-178
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Aktywność polityczna mieszczaństwa Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w latach 1789–1792
    Political Activity of the Bourgeoisie in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1789–1792
    Autorzy:
    Glemža, Liudas
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1058022.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-03-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    towns
    bourgeoisie
    urban administration
    self-government
    political reforms
    eighteenth century
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Great Sejm
    Opis:
    The reforms in the second half of the eighteenth century affected the cities and towns of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in various ways. After the reform of 1776, the majority of small towns in the Grand Duchy were deprived of the Magdeburg Law, while they retained the right to acquire landed estates. Apart from private towns, only 11 towns managed by territorial administrators – starosts – and belonging to the royal estates retained their privileged status. During the sessions of the Great Sejm (1788–1792), the discussions on the situation of Lithuanian towns were resumed. Representatives of towns that retained the Magdeburg Law, those which had lost it, and those striving for new rights and liberties were invited by the municipal authorities of the Old Town of Warsaw in order to submit their demands in the Sejm together with all the towns. The new town laws of 1791 laid the foundations for modern urban administration and prepared the grounds for burghers to fight for their rights and liberties, which was influenced by the municipal self-government institutions established under these laws. The question of the number of small Lithuanian towns which took advantage of this opportunity during one year (1791/1792) has already been considered in Lithuanian and Polish historiography. Until now, however, historians have usually limited themselves to indicating the number of issued self-government privileges (74), but this figure does not provide a full picture of the political activity of the Lithuanian bourgeoisie. The article identifies 130 small Lithuanian towns (excluding 11 towns which retained the Magdeburg Law) which actively participated in the political movement of the bourgeoisie in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and analyses the composition of this group of urban settlements.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2021, 86, 1; 57-84
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ivan Ivanovich Lappo’s Views on the Circumstances of Establishing the Union of Lublin in the Context of Pre-Revolutionary Russian Historiography
    Autorzy:
    Ambroziak, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178395.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Union of Lublin
    Ivan Ivanovich Lappo
    Russian historiography
    history of historiography
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to analyze the views of Ivan Ivanovich Lappo regarding the circumstances of the conclusion of the Union of Lublin. The opinions of this historian were presented in the context of the views of Russian pre-revolutionary historiography, especially of such authors as Nikolay Gerasimovich Ustryalov, Mikhail Osipovich Koyalovich, Nikolay Alexeyevich Maksimieyko, Matvey Kuzmich Lyubavskiy and Fedor Ivanovich Leontovich. The article belongs to the vast area of studies on the history of historiography, the undertaking of which allows the assessment of the current scholarly achievements and research methodology, and thus making new research postulates. It should be noted that, despite some evolution, the fundamental assessment of the Union of Lublin in Russian pre-revolutionary historiography remained negative. However, the circumstances and reasons for its conclusion were perceived differently. Although the description of the conclusion of the Union of Lublin was not the main research goal for I. Lappo, he carried out a fairly detailed reconstruction of the Sejm of Lublin and the circumstances of the conclusion of the Polish-Lithuanian union in 1569. It seems that the aim of such a procedure was not only to explain the attitude of Lithuanians towards Poles and the legal relationship between the Grand Duchy and the Crown, but first of all to support of the historian’s fundamental thesis that, as a result of the Union of Lublin, the Grand Duchy did not lose its independence and distinctiveness. This historian not only reported the course of the Sejm of Lublin and the decision of the Act of the Union of July 1, but also confronted the views of Poles and Lithuanians concerning the conditions of the Union and the way it was concluded. According to him, the historical reality and the political system of the Grand Duchy until 1569 corresponded to the project of a union presented by Lithuanians. In his opinion, the aim of Poles was not to bring about real unification based on the principles of equality and fraternity, but to force Lithuanians to enter into a union through the implementation of old rights and privileges. In some parts of his research, however, the scholar differentiated between the radical attitude of the Chamber of Deputies of the Crown and the more conciliatory position of the Senate. The description of King Sigismund Augustus’s activities presented by I. Lappo turned out to be quite paradoxical and partly incoherent. On the one hand, the historian claimed that the monarch was under the influence of Poles and betrayed the Grand Duchy. On the other hand, he quoted a number of cases in which the king’s attitude contradicted this general opinion. Lappo’s general attitude towards the Union of Lublin remained negative. The historian clearly sympathized with Lithuanians, seeing Poles as merely caring for their own interests to the detriment of the Grand Duchy. The analysis of Lappo’s views made in this article shows that there are elements in his concepts that testify to the connection with the traditional narrative of Russian historiography, as well as new and original ideas.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2019, 84, 4; 97-122
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Between the Union of Lublin and the Mutual Pledge of the Two Nations: From the Union of Two States to the Commonwealth of Three Provinces
    Autorzy:
    Zakrzewski, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178393.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Polish Crown
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Union of Lublin
    political system
    law
    changes of the political system
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to present changes in the position of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania towards the Polish Crown within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the years 1569–1791. The analysis was based on the transformation of both common (monarch, Sejm) and separate (central and local offices, judicial system and law) institutions in the context of economic, social and cultural changes of the era. Gradually, the Commonwealth was transforming into a state in which Lithuania was not so much one of its two parts – along with the Crown, but one of its three provinces – along with Lesser Poland and Greater Poland. It was, however, a special province since it had its own ministers, offices, courts, treasury and fiscal courts along with its own codification of political and private law. The rule introduced in 1673 that every third Sejm was to be held in Grodno, however, was rarely observed. The reasons for this change were: the smaller population of the Grand Duchy, its lower fiscal income along with the war damage and territorial losses suffered in the mid-17th century. This transformation was also facilitated by the fact that the Lithuanian political system and laws became increasingly similar to the Polish ones. Another factor was the slow creation of a sense of political community among nobles of both the Crown and Lithuania. This feeling was born not only out of the same rights and privileges, but also owing to the immigration of the Crown noblemen to the lands of the Grand Duchy and joining – by marriage – Lithuanian noble families, which was especially the case among magnate families. During this period, the common culture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth based on the Polish language – lingua franca of the whole state – was also created. Other languages also functioned in the Polish- -Lithuanian state, but Polish, enriched by Lithuanian, Ruthenian, Latin, German and Oriental elements, began to dominate. The Government Act of 3 May 1791 did not mention the Grand Duchy at all, but created a common government for the whole of Commonwealth – the Guard of Laws and Great Commissions. Mutual Pledge of the Two Nations, unanimously adopted on 20 October 1791, constituted an attempt to return to the dualism from the era of the Union of Lublin. This act granted Lithuanians half of the commissioners in the military and fiscal commissions and – in the future – in the police commission. Lithuania also retained separate ministers, offices, a separate treasury and tax judiciary. Thus, the gradual unification of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was still visible, while maintaining some separate aspects, which were important for Lithuanians, albeit secondary in the scale of the entire state. Nevertheless, this process was interrupted by the upcoming partitions.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2019, 84, 4; 5-40
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Military Accounts of the Grand Lithuanian Hetman Paweł Jan Sapieha of the Years 1655–1662
    Rachunki wojskowe hetmana wielkiego litewskiego Pawła Jana Sapiehy z lat 1655–1662
    Autorzy:
    Majewski, Andrzej Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1373928.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Paweł Jan Sapieha
    army
    treasure
    money
    Rzeczpospolita
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    wojsko
    skarb
    pieniądz
    Opis:
    Grand Lithuanian Hetman Paweł Jan Sapieha in 1655–1662, during the wars of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth with Moscow and Sweden, gave out of his own coffers 1,985,520 zlotys for military purposes. Most of the money was used for military hauls and the payment of wages. This was due to the reduction of tax revenues to the treasury, because large areas of the Polish-Lithuanian state were under Muscovite and Swedish occupation. The aim of this article is to analyze the military accounts of Paweł Jan Sapieha and their structure against a wide comparative background, i.e. accounts of other Lithuanian and Crown hetmans of the second half of the 17th century.
    Hetman wielki litewski Paweł Jan Sapieha w latach 1655–1662, w okresie wojen Rzeczypospolitej z Moskwą i Szwecją, wydał z własnej szkatuły na cele wojskowe 1,985,520 złotych. Pieniądze te zostały w większości przeznaczone na zaciągi wojskowe i wypłatę żołdu. Było to spowodowane zmniejszeniem wpływów podatkowych do skarbu, ponieważ duże obszary państwa polsko-litewskiego znalazły się pod okupacją moskiewską i szwedzką. Celem artykułu jest analiza rachunków wojskowych Sapiehy i ich struktury na szerokim tle porównawczym, tzn. rachunków innych hetmanów litewskich i koronnych drugiej połowy XVII w.
    Źródło:
    Res Historica; 2020, 49; 567-587
    2082-6060
    Pojawia się w:
    Res Historica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Widziane z plebanii. Świat i ludzie w diariuszach dwóch duchownych ewangelickich z Rzeczypospolitej przełomu XVII i XVIII wieku
    Seen from the Clergy House. The World and the People in the Diaries of two Evangelical Clergymen from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the Turn of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
    Autorzy:
    Kriegseisen, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2197827.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-31
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
    Tematy:
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    religious relations
    Protestantism
    Calvinism
    mentality
    religious identity
    egodocument
    seventeenth century
    eighteenth century
    Opis:
    In the research on the deteriorating relations between the Evangelical-Reformed (Calvinist) minority and the Catholic majority of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the problems of mutual perception of the representatives of these denominations, as well as the evaluation of the realities of life in an increasingly Catholic state by the representatives of the Evangelical minority have been investigated the least. Based on two diaries by Evangelical-Reformed clergymen, Gabriel Dyjakiewicz and Jan Krzysztof Kraiński, who were active in Podlasie and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the turn of the eighteenth century, the author attempts to present the image of the world as perceived and presented on the pages of these two egodocuments. After analysing the diary entries, it cannot be concluded that their authors found themselves in a social and communicative vacuum, although both of them noticed the progressive isolation of Evangelical circles. According to the records, it also appears that interfaith relations in the everyday life were not as bad as contemporary historical studies suggest. Both authors had a positive attitude towards the state, felt to be its citizens and patriots, combining a strong Evangelical religious identity with a sense of community with the society of the predominantly Catholic Polish Nobles’ Republic. Neither of the diaries reflects on the civilisational and cultural differences between the society of the north-eastern lands of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the world of Protestant Europe, known to both authors from their university studies.
    Źródło:
    Zapiski Historyczne; 2022, 87, 1; 63-89
    0044-1791
    2449-8637
    Pojawia się w:
    Zapiski Historyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O różnych koncepcjach i praktykach edytorskich na przykładzie akt sejmiku kowieńskiego z lat 1733–1795
    On Various Editorial Concepts and Practices Based on the Records of the Kaunas Sejmik from 1733 to 1795
    Autorzy:
    Glabisz, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28763561.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
    szlachta
    sejmiki
    parlamentaryzm
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    powiat kowieński
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    nobility
    sejmiks (dietines)
    parliamentarism
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Kaunas District
    Opis:
    Wydanie akt sejmikowych kowieńskich z lat 1733–1795 należy uznać za ważne wydarzenie w historii polskiego edytorstwa, gdyż jest to pierwsza nowoczesna edycja części akt sejmikowych z jednego okręgu (powiatu kowieńskiego) dotycząca Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Celem artykuł jest prezentacja tego zbioru dokumentów, jak również przyjętych w nim rozwiązań edytorskich (zasady gromadzenia materiału, selekcji, porządkowania oraz kwestie redakcyjne) na tle dotychczasowej dyskusji nad wydawaniem tego typu bardzo ważnych źródeł do dziejów dawnej Rzeczypospolitej.
    The publication of the Kaunas sejmik (dietine) records from 1733 to 1795 should be regarded as an important event in the history of Polish source editing. Many sejmik records have been published for the kingdom of Poland, but this is the first modern edition of part of the sejmik records from a district of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The article presents this collection of sources together with the editorial methods applied (the principles of collecting, selecting, and arranging material and editorial issues). The subject is set in the context of the discussion on publishing this type of source, which is of great significance for the history of the former Commonwealth.
    Źródło:
    Kwartalnik Historyczny; 2022, 129, 4; 875-892
    0023-5903
    Pojawia się w:
    Kwartalnik Historyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „Sprawa wileńska” na łamach polskojęzycznej prasy litewskiej w Wilnie w latach 1919–1922
    “The issue of Vilnius” in the pages of Polish-speaking Lithuanian press in Vilnius in the years 1919–1922
    Autorzy:
    Dąbrowski, Przemysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/596615.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    spór o Wilno
    prasa litewska
    Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
    the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    dispute over Vilnius
    Lithuanian newspaper
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Opis:
    Polskie i litewskie ugrupowania polityczne i społeczne dawnej stolicy byłego Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego wysuwały szereg argumentów w zakresie rozwiązania tak zwanej „sprawy wileńskiej”. Bez wątpienia był to punkt zapalny we wzajemnych stosunkach narodowościowych. W okresie tym, władza w Wilnie zmieniała się bardzo często, zaś naprawę sytuację podjęto już w okresie Zarządu Cywilnego Ziem Wschodnich. Nowe rozwiązania z kolei, zaczęto wprowadzać w życie w ramach tak zwanej Litwy Środkowej. To co prezentowano na szpaltach periodyków litewskich wychodzących w języku polskim było stanowiskiem dość „umiarkowanym”, porównując z niezwykle „radyklanymi” tezami lansowanymi w prasie litewskojęzycznej. Argumenty wysuwane przez publicystów polskojęzycznej prasy litewskiej w Wilnie, a także przedstawicieli polskich ugrupowań polityczno-społecznych, świadczyły o tym, iż w okresie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego, nie było jakiejkolwiek szansy na dialog między Polakami i Litwinami, co do przyszłości stolicy byłego Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Oskarżenia i pretensje jednej strony, rodziły podobne po drugiej, zaś rozwijający się brak obopólnego porozumienia, „zmazywał” przez kolejne lata tak ciężko wypracowane wspólne dziedzictwo dawnej Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów.
    Polish and Lithuanian political and social groups in the former capital of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania claimed a number of arguments in solving the “case of Vilnius”. Without a doubt, this was a flashpoint in relations between nationalities. During this period, the authorities in Vilnius changed very often and the repair situation had already been taken during the Board of Civil Eastern Territories. New solutions were introduced in place in the so-called Central Lithuania. This is what was presented in the pages of Polish-speaking Lithuanian press of Vilnius was quite “moderate” in comparison with the unusually “radical” theses offered in a Lithuanian-press. The arguments put forward by the Polish-language journalists of the Lithuanian press in Vilnius and representatives of the Polish political and social groups testified to the fact that in the interwar period, there was not any chance of dialogue between Poles and Lithuanians, about the future of the former capital of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Accusations and blame the one hand, bore similar on the other. Developing a lack of mutual agreement, blurred over the years the common heritage of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2015, XCV (95); 31-55
    0081-6841
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wokół genezy administracji lokalnej w Wielkim Księstwie Litewskim: uwagi i propozycje
    Autorzy:
    Gordziejew, Jerzy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690133.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    administracja terenowa
    komisje porządkowe cywilno-wojskowe
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    Rzeczpospolita
    XVIII w.
    local administration
    Civil-Military Commissions
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    eighteenth century
    Opis:
    Prezentowany artykuł przybliża genezę administracji lokalnej w Wielkim Księstwie Litewskim i jest przedstawieniem propozycji badawczych. Zgromadzony materiał sygnalizuje złożony charakter uwarunkowań procesu jej kształtowania. Aukcja wojska oraz związane z nią poważne wyzwania budżetowe skutkowały poszukiwaniem skutecznych sposobów realizacji bieżącej polityki państwa. Swoją strukturą organizacyjną komisje porządkowe przypominały model łączący rozwiązania rodzimych urządzeń ustrojowych z cechami nowożytnej organizacji administracji. The article presents both the problem of genesis of the local administration in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1789 and postulates for further research. The archival sources make it possible to reveal the complexity of the process of its establishment. The increased number of troops caused serious strains on the state budget and this led to a search for effective ways of implementing the current state policy. The structures of civil-military commissions of order resembled the model combining a native system of governmental authorities with some features of modern administration.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny; 2017, 3
    2450-8454
    2450-8446
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Radziwiłł Cousins, Prophecies and False News in Mid-Seventeenth-Century Europe
    Братья Радзивиллы, пророчества и фальшивые новости в Европе в середине XVII в.
    Autorzy:
    Mazheika, Hanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969590.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Nauki i Kultury Libra
    Tematy:
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    the Radziwills
    Protestantism
    Catholicism
    prophecy
    17th century
    Radziwiłł
    Великое Княжество Литовское
    Речь Посполитая
    Радзивилл
    протестантизм
    католицизм
    XVII век
    Opis:
    W artykule mówiono o tym, jak proroctwa i dezinformacja pomogły umocować w opinii międzynarodowej wizerunek Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego jako państwa protestanckiego w odróżnieniu od Królestwa Polskiego, tożsamość konfesyjna którego pozostawała bez wątpienia katolickiej. Lata 50. XVII wieku były czasem, gdy „proroctwa” Mikuláša Drábika zostały szczególnie popularnymi. Co więcej nowiny fałszywe o niszczeniu wszystkich polskich i ltewskich kościołów protestanckich znalazły swoich odbiorców i, jak wydawało się, funkcjonowały jako pomyślny fortel propagandystyczny. Komunikaty o przyczynach niszczenia kościołów protestanckich w Rzeczypospolitej spowodowały wzrost ciekawości w Europie Zachodniej do Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego i udostępniły Januszowi i Bogusławowi Radziwiłłom możliwość otrzymać uznanie międzynarodowe jako obrońców wiary prawdziwej w czasie, gdy we własnym państwie ich uważano za zdrajców.
    Źródło:
    Wschodni Rocznik Humanistyczny; 2020, XVII, 3; 137-154
    1731-982X
    Pojawia się w:
    Wschodni Rocznik Humanistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „Niech to każdy obaczy jeśli Litwa małą krzywdę, żal, despekt i wzgardą ma od Polaków”: epizod sporu między Litwą a Koroną Polską o Inflanty
    “Let Everyone see that Lithuania has Harm, Regret, Offence, and Contempt from the Poles”: an Episode of a Dispute between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish Kingdom over Livonia
    Autorzy:
    Padalinski, Uładzimir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131656.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-09-19
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    świadomość polityczna
    szlachta
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    Inflanty
    wojna inflancka
    unia lubelska
    Rzeczpospolita
    political consciousness
    nobility
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Livonia
    Livonian War
    Union of Lublin
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Opis:
    W artykule dokonano analizy utworu rękopiśmiennego Czo za prawa X. Litewskie ma do ziemie Inflianczki a poliaczi do niei nicz niemaią (najprawdopodobniej z 1582 r.). Na jego przykładzie zaprezentowano argumenty prawne i ideologiczne wykorzystywane przez szlachtę Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego podczas sporów ze szlachtą Korony Polskiej o przynależność Inflant. Ukazano także znaczny poziom nieufności litewskiej elity politycznej wobec partnerów koronnych w końcu XVI w., spowodowany doświadczeniami związanymi z zawarciem unii lubelskiej oraz skutkami wojny inflanckiej.
    The article analyses the text preserved in a manuscript under the title Czo za prawa X. Litewskie ma do ziemie Inflianczki a poliaczi do niei nicz niemaią (What rights has the Duchy of Lithuania to Livonian lands while the Poles have none, most probably written in 1582). It contains legal and ideological arguments put forward by the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the disputes with the nobility of the Polish Kingdom over the possession of Livonia. The author concludes that the Lithuanian political elite retained a deep distrust of their Polish partners at the end of the sixteenth century resulting from the previous experiences gained at the time of the conclusion of the Union of Lublin and the Livonian War.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny; 2020, 6; 121-133
    2450-8454
    2450-8446
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Lituanistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „Ja na to nie zezwalam, ani nie chcę nowego na bracią swą stanowić”. Przywódcy szlacheccy Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego na sejmie lubelskim 1569 roku
    “I do not permit this, and I do not wish to impose anything new on my brothers”. Nobility leaders of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the Sejm of Lublin in 1569
    Autorzy:
    Padalinski, Uładzimir
    Rachuba, Andrzej
    Choińska-Mika, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/16648124.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-23
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    sejm lubelski 1569 r.
    przywódcy polityczni
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    Rzeczpospolita
    szlachta
    demokracja szlachecka
    ruch szlachecki
    nobility movement
    Sejm of Lublin 1569
    political leaders
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    nobility
    nobility democracy
    Opis:
    The existence of an independent nobility movement in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, separate from the local magnates milieu, is one of the fundamental factors in researching the political system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in early modern times. Without such a nobility movement, it is impossible to speak of the noblemen’s democracy in the 16th –18th century. The article presents the activities of the Lithuanian delegation at the Sejm of Lublin in the summer of 1569. It presents the ideas and demands of the nobility and its political leaders. A group of deputies presented a whole gamut of demands, reflecting the needs and socio-political interests of the minor and middle nobility, to the Sejm. Political leaders who acted as spokespersons for the rights and freedoms of the nobility were the land deputies Malcher Snowski and Mikołaj Stankiewicz-Billewicz. Both of them enjoyed high regard among the nobility. They strived to transform its postulates into concrete parliamentary decisions. Economic independence was an important factor in ensuring their independent political position. The author concludes that in the 1560s an independent movement was established in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania under the slogans of noblemen’s democracy. However, in the second half of the 16th century, the leaders of the nobility movement of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania could only hope to fulfill their aspirations if they were supported either by the monarch or by those magnates who supported the slogans of the noblemen’s democracy.
    Źródło:
    Unia Lubelska 1569 roku i unie w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej; 105-121
    9788395630255
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Battle of Orsha (1514) on Maps: Mapping the Muscovian War as Renaissance Politics of Memory
    Autorzy:
    Niedźwiedź, Jakub
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31021935.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    bitwa pod Orszą 1514
    kartografia renesansowa
    literatura renesansowa
    Moskwa
    Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie
    Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów
    retoryka kartograficzna
    Bernard Wapowski
    1514 Battle of Orsha
    Renaissance cartography
    Renaissance literature
    Muscovy
    Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    cartographical rhetoric
    Opis:
    14 września 1514 r. w okolicach miasta Orsza połączone siły polsko-litewskie pokonały wojska moskiewskie. Wśród wielu tekstów upamiętniających bitwę znajdują się również mapy, wydane drukiem między rokiem 1526 a połową XVII w. Autor dowodzi, że każde odwzorowanie kartograficzne bitwy może być interpretowane jako przykład renesansowej polityki pamięci. Bitwa mogła być elementem propagandy dynastycznej Jagiellonów, argumentem w rywalizacji między Rusią Litewską a Moskwą, fragmentem dyskursu republikańskiego lub częścią narracji o wielkiej przeszłości Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego.
    On 14 September 1514, in the vicinity of the town of Orsha, the combined Lithuanian-Polish forces defeated the Muscovian army. Among many texts commemorating the battle are maps published between 1526 and the mid-seventeenth century. The author argues that each cartographical representation of the battle can be interpreted as an example of Renaissance politics of memory. The struggle could be an element of the Jagiellonian dynastic propaganda, an argument in the competition between the Lithuanian Ruthenia and Muscovy, a fragment of the republican discourse or a part of narration about the great past of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
    Źródło:
    Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce; 2023, 67; 59-103
    0029-8514
    Pojawia się w:
    Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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