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Wyszukujesz frazę "Peopleʼs Poland" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Instytucja prezydenta w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej – tradycja i współczesność
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
President
Republic of Poland
Constitution
People’s Republic of Poland
Opis:
The article present the institution of the President against the background of the government regime’s evolution between 18th and 20th century. During this period a new model had been shaped based on separation of powers and balance between the head of the state, government (executive) and the Judiciary Branch. Author divided the history of the Presidential Office in Poland into four periods: the Second Republic of Poland (1918-1939), first years of the People’s Republic of Poland (1947-1952), late years of the People’s Republic of Poland (1989-1990) and the Third Republic of Poland (1990 ). Each of the period is different mainly because of the position and power of the President which directly depends on the Constitution, however political circumstances are not irrelevant in this matter. The dissertation attempts to describe all periods and comment them from the modern (current) point of view. Author spots that there’s been always conflict and dilemma between the idea of the strong presidency and weaker presidency. This tendency had been very visible during the Presidency of Lech Walesa, who had been trying to create the stable and firm institution of the President. New Constitution of the Polish Republic 1997 situated the President in accordance with the idea of the balance of power and division of powers. Role of the President depends currently on the political situation and the personal skills (even charisma) of the person who had been elected.
Źródło:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2008, 2(2); 123-137
1898-8431
Pojawia się w:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagadnienie legislacji w Polsce w latach 1944–1955
The Issue of Legislation in Poland in 1944–1955
Autorzy:
Paszek, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2231734.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-29
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
stanowienie prawa
Polska Ludowa
lawmaking
People’s Republic of Poland
Opis:
CEL NAUKOWY: Ustalenie, w jaki sposób podchodzono do zastanego prawa międzywojennego i jak stanowiono nowe przepisy prawne w początkach Polsce Ludowej. PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Nowa sytuacja polityczna, która miała miejsce w Polsce po II wojnie światowej w związku z przejęciem władzy przez komunistów, przyniosła zasadniczą zmianę w kwestiach ustrojowych i prawnych. Zmianie uległo rozumienie funkcji prawa, co najprawdopodobniej wpłynęło również na proces legislacyjny. Cel naukowy został realizowany na podstawie aktów normatywnych, literatury teoretycznoprawnej i historycznoprawnej. PROCES WYWODU: W kolejnych fragmentach artykułu podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na następujące pytania: W jaki sposób stanowiono nowe przepisy prawne? Jak dokonywano instrumentalizacji prawa w sądownictwie powszechnym i wojskowym? W jakim zakresie wykorzystywano tajne rozkazy organizacyjne jako sposób na tworzenie nowych sądów i organów pozasądowych? WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Działalność legislacyjna w początkach funkcjonowania Polski Ludowej nie miała na celu stanowienie prawa zgodnie z zasadami stanowienia przepisów prawa i zasadami techniki legislacyjnej. Lekceważono wszystkie zasady znane państwu demokratycznemu. WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Omawiana problematyka jest istotna nie tylko z punktu widzenia historyków prawa, ale również historyków, prawników i politologów.
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: Determining how the existing inter-war law was approached and how new legal regulations were introduced in the early Polish People’s Republic. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The new political situation that took place in Poland after World War II, due to the seizure of power by the communists, brought about a fundamental change in systemic and legal matters. The understanding of the function of law has changed, which seems to have affected the legislative process as well. The scientific goal was realized on the basis of normative acts, theoretical and legal literature as well as historical and legal literature. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The following parts of the article attempt to answer the following questions: How was the new legal regulation created? How was the law instrumentalised in common and military courts? To what extent have secret organizational orders been used as a way to create new courts and extrajudicial bodies? RESEARCH RESULTS: At the beginning of the functioning of the People’s Republic of Poland, the legislative activity was not aimed at enacting the law in accordance with the principles of establishing legal provisions and the principles of legislative technique. All the rules known to a democratic state were disregarded. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The discussed issue is important not only from the point of view of historians of law, but also historians, lawyers and political scientists.
Źródło:
Horyzonty Polityki; 2022, 13, 43; 11-25
2082-5897
Pojawia się w:
Horyzonty Polityki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal regulations in the field of cultural heritage protection in Poland in the years 1944-1989 in terms of cultural security of the country
Autorzy:
Landmann, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/347872.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
People’s Republic of Poland
cultural heritage
monument
legal protection
security
Opis:
The article attempts to analyze the meaning of legal regulations developed in the field of cultural heritage protection in the years 1944-1989. It has been argued that these years were markedly different in terms of law in the sphere of cultural heritage protection than the period between 1918 and 1939 analyzed by the author in another article. The author decided to refer to legal acts and literature in the form of elaborations and magazines in the field of monuments protection. The specificity of the chosen subject and problem required the choice of a scientific method in the form of legal acts analysis, supported by literature review. The presented information shows that the period between 1944 and 1989 was characterized by a different approach of the Polish authorities towards the issue of cultural heritage protection in comparison to the years 1918-1939. The mentioned protection had an instrumental character and was one of the political-ideological tools influencing the society. Furthermore, the growth of legal protection of cultural assets in the age of the PRL took place in the conditions of centralized administration that adopted the idea of social distribution of many such assets, which led to devastation of numerous immovable monuments and sometimes also the antique furnishings. All the introduced legal regulations required a thorough change and redefinition of the legal status after the political-structural transformation of 1989.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki; 2017, 4; 88-102
1731-8157
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Old Age and Poverty in Poland, 1945-1989: The Status Regarding Knowledge And Research Problems
Autorzy:
Jarosz, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683563.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
poverty
old age
People’s Republic of Poland
social security system
Opis:
The history of old age has only relatively recently become explored as a research topic in Poland. This sketch focuses on the relationship between old age and poverty in People’s Republic of Poland. Old age, however, was a significant object of interest of the PRL authorities in at least two aspects. The first was the social security system, particularly in relation to old age and disability pensions, and the second, social care for the aged.
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2014, 32; 49-68
0081-6485
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przejmowanie wyznaniowych fundacji dobroczynnych w PRL przed wejściem w życie dekretu z dnia 24 kwietnia 1952 roku o zniesieniu fundacji
Taking over of religious charity foundations in the People’s Republic of Poland before the decree of 24th April 1952 on abolition of foundations entered into life
Autorzy:
Szymański, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/697177.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
People’s Republic of Poland
foundations
church
lawlessness
take-over
dissolution
Opis:
This article analyses, in terms of the legal aspect, the process of dissolution of selected religious foundations before the decree of 24th April 1952 concerning the elimination of those foundations entered into life. The author bases his arguments on the analysis of concrete cases, whose descriptions were found during his archival research.
Źródło:
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne; 2017, 15, 2; 213-226
2658-1922
Pojawia się w:
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ironia i nostalgia. O twórczości Michała Witkowskiego
Irony and Nostalgy. On Michał Witkowskis Literary Output
Autorzy:
Czyżak, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1182019.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12-02
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
irony
nostalgia
People’s Republic of Poland
Michał Witkowski
ironia
PRL
Opis:
Artykuł stanowi próbę zarysowania głównych problemów prozy Michała Witkowskiego. Pisarz często wracał w swoich powieściach do historii PRL-u, jako kraju rządzonego w latach 1944–89 przez komunistów, zależnego od ZSRR. Poddawał analizie doświadczenia przeszłości na swój odrębny sposób. Jego narracje, jak i innych członków najmłodszego pokolenia twórców, potwierdzały powszechne przekonanie, że przeszłość powinna zostać przedstawiona na nowo, bowiem PRL wciąż wydaje się niedostatecznie opisany w ramach wspólnotowego, czy nawet narodowego dyskursu. Różnice stworzonej przez Witkowskiego wizji ostatnich dekad wynikają także, a może przede wszystkim, z wypracowanych przez niego sposobów używania ironii i nostalgii – rozłącznie i w specyficznym połączeniu. Sukces rozwiązań Witkowskiego zależy od jego krytycznego nastawienia wobec ideologicznych, a przede wszystkim społecznych pewników, jak i zdolności rozpoznania kluczowych problemów, np. stereotypów zbiorowych oraz towarzyszących im materialnych uwarunkowań – ich powszechny i przemożny wpływ niezmiennie oddziaływał na(świadome, a częściej nieświadome) wybory i decyzje ludzi z minionej epoki.
The article is an attempt at sketching the main problems ofMichał Wikowski’s prose. In his novels, the author often returned to the history of People’s Republic of Poland (PRL), as a country governed in 1944–1989 by the Communist authorities, dependent on the USSR. He analysed the experiences of the past in his own way. His narratives, as well as those of other members of the youngest generation of writers, confirmed the common belief that the past should be described in a different manner, because PRL still seems to be an incomplete object of common or even national discourse. Differences of Witkowski’s vision of the last decades result also, or possibly to a larger extent, from his method of using irony and nostalgia – both separately and in a particular conjuction. The success of Witkowski’s attempts depends on the critical awareness of ideological and especially social assumptions, as well as on the ability to identify the crucial questions, i.e. the mental stances and their material conditions, whose common and totalising character strongly influenced (consciously or, more often, subconsciously) choices or decisions of the people living then and there.
Źródło:
Porównania; 2013, 13; 117-125
1733-165X
Pojawia się w:
Porównania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Agnieszka Osiecka’s Diaries and Notes as a Source for Research into the History of Girlhood
Autorzy:
Wilk, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28703916.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Agnieszka Osiecka
girlhood
gender
egodocument
communism
People’s Republic of Poland
Opis:
This review article refers to the publication of six volumes of personal notes by Agnieszka Osiecka (1936–1997), one of the most popular Polish poets, a songwriter, director, and journalist of the second half of the twentieth century. The collection under review covers mainly the 1950s and provides a space for the search for one’s own identity. While referring to the recent edition and highlighting selected themes, this review article puts forward a perspective on the entire body of documents published between 2013 and 2021. A particular emphasis is placed on the importance of analysis of such egodocuments in girlhood studies.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2023, 127; 167-176
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Profesorki w sejmach PRL. Przyczynek do badań subiektywnego poczucia sprawczości
Female Professors in the Seyms of the People’s Republic of Poland. A Contribution to a Subjective Sense of Personal Causative Power
Autorzy:
Chrobaczyńska-Plucińska, Edyta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-05-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
history of women
women’s personal causative power
female deputies to the Seym of the
People’s Republic of Poland (PRL)
People’s Republic of Poland
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to point to the aspect of subjective sense of personal causative power amongstfemale professors who held their seats during the People’s Republic of Poland. In her research, the authorseeks an answer to the question whether the female deputies distinguished by their double role had a senseof subjective causative power, analysing their personal reflection expressed on the subject in availablesources. The research in a broader aspect contributes to the question whether women, especially thosewith a high professional and social status, playing political roles in the Real Socialist system had a real impacton changing the existing reality and whether their activity translated into specific normative decisions orsolutions of a permanent nature.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica; 2020, 24, 324; 108-121
2081-3333
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Leci bomba, leci...” – „atomowe” lęki dzieci w latach osiemdziesiątych XX wieku
Autorzy:
Zuzanna, Grębecka,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/897116.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
atomic bomb
nuclear war
childhood
People’s Republic of Poland
fear
memory
Opis:
The article discusses children’s fears and imaginings of an atomic bomb and a nuclear threat emerging in the memories of the Poles born in the second half of the 1960s and the 1970s. The sources used are ethnographic interviews conducted by the author of the study, Internet materials and memoirs. The author touches on the issue of transformations of the propaganda narratives concerning the nuclear threat in the subsequent periods of the People’s Republic of Poland, and the stages of the Cold War at the same time. Further, the article discusses the memories of this propaganda from the second half of the 1970s and the 1980s, the influence of family accounts and media reports, as well as concrete views on atomic weapons, the arms race and the disarmament process.
Źródło:
Przegląd Humanistyczny; 2017, 61(1 (456)); 119-138
0033-2194
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Humanistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
To what extent could the Polish People’s Republic be considered a Polish state? The analysis of the problem in the historical context of views of Primate Wyszyński
Autorzy:
Skibiński, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512026.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
Card. Stefan Wyszyński
People’s Republic of Poland
sovereignty
state-church relations
Opis:
Card. Stefan Wyszyński, being both the Primate of Poland and the highest social authority, in the period of People’s Republic of Poland, independent of the communist authorities, was an important point of reference influencing public opinions and social attitudes in our country. His attitude towards the state, which was the People’s Republic of Poland, is extremely important for understanding not only his decisions at particular stages of relations between the communist state and the Church, but also allows us to better understand the specific character of the PRL as a political system, its relationship with the communist party and with the Soviet center of the communist bloc, and to what extent it represented the Polish nation as a political community. Analysis of the Primate’s attitude with regard to important political events (elections to the communist Sejm, his attitude to political breakthroughs and social events – especially social resistance against communist regime), supplemented with an analysis of the Primate’s homiletics, allows me to formulate the thesis that the Primate of the Millennium considered the PRL as a Polish state, however he regarded it as degenerated through the structures of external dependence on the USSR and the ideological domination of the communist party – PZPR. In conclusion, the People’s Republic of Poland was a Polish state that fulfilled some of the needs of the Polish nation, regarded as a fundamental political community, but it was still far from being perfect. However, the fact that – in his view – People’s Republic of Poland was actually the Polish state, was highly significant. It imposed on Catholics a moral obligation to participate in social life, in a space inaccessible to the communist party, and to undertake all efforts to prevent the threat of external military intervention of the USSR and its allies.
Źródło:
Studia Theologica Varsaviensia; 2018, 56, 2; 107-120
0585-5594
Pojawia się w:
Studia Theologica Varsaviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biopolitics and (Non-)Modernity. Population Micro-Policy, Expert Knowledge and Family in Late-Communist Poland
Autorzy:
Klich-Kluczewska, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601579.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
biopolitics
modernisation
pro-natalistic policy
People’s Republic of Poland
history of family
Opis:
This article seeks to investigate the problem of modernity in post-war communist Poland (People’s Republic of Poland, Pol.: Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) through the prism of concepts and ideas of model family and possibilities of shaping it, as promoted in the expert discourse and guidance practices. On the interpretation level, it is important to refer to modern – that is, rational and expert knowledgepropelled – social control methods, strictly connected with the concepts or ideas of modern society. The crucial aspect is the tension between biopolitics understood in terms of actions and strategies of modern dictatorship devised to control a population and the concepts of modernity that appeared in expert discourses in the context of, i.a., decreasing natality, modern birth control methods or practices related to maternity/paternity. Analysed are experts’ opinions proving dominant in the discourse, including the arguments put forth at sessions of the Family Council and the Planned Parenthood Association.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2017, 115
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
HEJKUM GEJKUM?
HEYKUM GAYKUM?
Autorzy:
Sobolczyk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/459112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Ośrodek Studiów Amerykańskich
Tematy:
homoerotyzm
PRL
Juliusz Machulski
kamp
People’s Republic of Poland
film
homoerotic allusions
camp
Opis:
By reinterpreting the Polish cult comedy Kingsajz (Kingsize, 1987), which is generally assumed to be a political allegory, this article argues that the film lends itself to a queer reading, as a statement on so-called regimes of gender. The author analyzes numerous homoerotic allusions in the film, and questions the dominant Polish reception code which privileges political interpretations over other possible readings, and which treats the political and the sexual as mutually exclusive.
Źródło:
InterAlia: Pismo poświęcone studiom queer; 2018, 13; 17-27
1689-6637
Pojawia się w:
InterAlia: Pismo poświęcone studiom queer
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Food Expenses in the Rhythm of Daily Life. An Analysis of Household Accounts
Autorzy:
Orszulak-Dudkowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943800.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze
Tematy:
culture of daily life
food expenses
household accounts
People’s Republic of Poland
family life in Poland
Opis:
The subject of detailed analysis presented in the article is the daily shopping and food expenses incurred by a single family resident in a large Polish city in the period of the People’s Republic of Poland. The source material for the analysis is the ledger of daily food expenses originating from a set of household accounts in the household of a female clerk in Łódź, which in its entirety covers the period from August 1952 to August 2004. The analysis presented herein, however, is based on a detailed analysis of records pertaining to only three selected months of the autumn of 1960, that is expenses dated from 1st September to 30th November 1960. The main aim of the analysis is not to exhaustively document the specificity of the period of the People’s Republic of Poland, but only to present the source material and its interpretative capability, as well as to show a small section from the picture of daily life revealed by one family’s three-month expenses. The author demonstrates that a detailed description of the daily shopping may constitute a very clear illustration of the specificity of private life in the given time and cultural space, as well as a reflection of not only the socio-economic, but also the political conditions in which the shopping is done.
Źródło:
Łódzkie Studia Etnograficzne; 2015, 54
2450-5544
Pojawia się w:
Łódzkie Studia Etnograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Enemy and the Victim: Stray Dogs in Poland, 1945–70 (Discourses and Actions)
Autorzy:
Jarosz, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
animal studies
People’s Republic of Poland
history of animals
dogs
dog-pounds
animal shelters
Opis:
The article argues that two primary roles were prevalently identified for dogs in the period concerned: for one thing, dogs were perceived as objects of human malevolence or at least dislike; this had to do with the dissemination of disease – particularly, rabies, dangerous to humans. For another, the dog was represented as a victim of cruelty. The exchange of arguments between adherents of different solutions to the ‘canine question’ (dog-pounds and culling vs. shelters) grew emotion-imbued, especially in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The press published voices of protest against mass killings of dogs and reinstatement of dogcatcher’s establishments. Eminent scientists, artists, cultural workers sent requests or appeals in these respects to the authorities. This ‘canine campaign’ led to the adoption, in 1961–2, of legal acts designed to make the methods of dealing with homeless animals ‘civilised’, but they did not bring about a breakthrough in the way dogs were treated or dealt with in post-war Poland. The campaign demonstrated that an active group of dog lovers got formed in the People’s Republic. In this sense, it can be said that dogs became an object of human care (the latter topic not having been subject to the research on which the following text is based).
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2019, 120
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Life of Things from the Perspective of Polish Systemic Transformation
Autorzy:
Dopierała, Renata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Sociology and Anthropology of Things
Life of Things
People’s Republic of Poland
1989 Breakthrough
Opis:
The main purpose of the paper is to present the “biography” of selected things which appear in autobiographical narrative interviews conducted within the project “Experiencing the Systemic Transformation Process in Poland. A Sociological Comparison on the Basis of Biographical Analysis.” The author discusses different social actions connected with things, for example, the migrations of things, emancipation through things, collecting things, and reconstructs the stages of life of such things as: notebooks, cassette, and video tapes. The considerations are mainly embedded in the context of the People’s Republic of Poland and the process of transformation of the 1990s. The sociology and anthropology of things are theoretical frames of the analysis.
Źródło:
Qualitative Sociology Review; 2019, 15, 4; 46-66
1733-8077
Pojawia się w:
Qualitative Sociology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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