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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    A conceptual design and numerical analysis of the mixerless urea-SCR system
    Autorzy:
    Kaźmierski, Bartosz
    Górka, Krzysztof
    Kapusta, Łukasz Jan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097591.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    NOx
    SCR
    selective catalytic reduction
    wall film
    CFD
    selektywna redukcja katalityczna
    Opis:
    In the present study, an innovative design of a urea-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system without conventional mixing elements was developed. The aim was to obtain a high degree of urea decomposition, and uniform ammonia distribution at the inlet to the catalyst, while minimising the liquid film deposition and keeping the compact design. The concept of the design was based on creating high turbulence and elongating the flow paths of the droplets. The design was verified through a series of numerical simulations based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach and a discrete droplet model (DDM) spray representation. The analysis included various operating conditions as well as subcooled and superheated sprays. A uniform ammonia distribution was achieved regardless of the operating points and spray properties. Additionally, in the case of a flash-boiling injection, a further reduction of the wall film was observed.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 4; 12--20
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Combination of LNT and SCR for NOx reduction in passenger car applications
    Autorzy:
    Maunula, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134216.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    NOx
    Selective Catalytic Reduction
    SCR
    LNT
    catalysts
    diesel
    selektywna redukcja katalityczna
    katalizator
    Opis:
    The removal of NOx and particulate emissions in light-duty diesel vehicles will require the use of aftertreatment methods like Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) with urea and Lean NOx Trap (LNT) (Euro 6 and beyond). A new concept is the combination of LNT + SCR, which enables on-board synthesis of ammonia (NH3), which reacts with NOx on the SCR catalyst. The main application for this kind system will be lighter passenger cars, where LNTs may be used instead of full urea-SCR system. That particular combinatory system was investigated by developing platinum (Pt) and rhodium (Rh) containing LNTs and SCR catalysts in this study. In the use conditions, the maximum temperature may reach temperatures up to 800°C and NOx reduction reactions should proceed without NO2 assistance in the SCR position after LNT and DPF. PtRh/LNT with the total loadings of 85 g/cft (2.8 g/L) and higher resulted in a high NOx efficiency above 80–90% with a broad operation window in the laboratory simulations. In the experimental conditions, a higher NH3 concentration after LNT was essential to simulate well the operation of SCR catalysts. The developed Cu-SCR catalyst showed a high hydrothermal durability up to the ageing temperature of 800°C and a wide operation window without the NO2 assistance (NO only in feed). Fe-SCR and V-SCR catalysts were more dependent on NO2. A studied concept had an air injection after LNT to keep SCR condition always in lean side, where the SCR reaction was promoted by oxygen resulting in high reduction selectivity to nitrogen (N2) without NH3 emissions. The simulations in reaction conditions and system design resulted in the proposals for the optimal design and main reaction mechanism in DOC + DPF + LNT + SCR systems.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2014, 53, 2; 60-67
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Directions in vehicle efficiency and emissions
    Autorzy:
    Johnson, T. V.
    Joshi, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133977.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    greenhouse gases
    vehicle emissions
    regulations
    engines
    aftertreatment
    NOx
    diesel oxidation catalyst
    selective catalytic reduction
    diesel particulate filter
    gasoline particulate filter
    gazy cieplarniane
    przepisy prawne
    silniki
    katalizator utleniania oleju napędowego
    selektywna redukcja katalityczna
    filtr cząstek stałych
    Opis:
    This paper provides a general review of light-duty (LD) and heavy-duty (HD) regulations, engine technology, and key emission control strategies. The US is placing a stronger emphasis on laboratory emissions, and the LD regulations are about an order of magnitude tighter than Euro 6, but Europe is focusing on real-world reductions. The California HD low-NOx regulation is advancing and may be proposed in 2017/18 for implementation in 2023+. The second phase of US HD greenhouse gas regulations propose another 25-30% tightening beyond Phase 1, beginning in 2021. LD and HD engine technology continues showing marked improvements in engine efficiency. LD gasoline concepts are closing the gap with diesel. HD engines are demonstrating more than 50% BTE using methods that can reasonably be commercialized. LD and HD diesel NOx technology trends are also summarized. NOx storage catalysts and SCR combinations are the lead approach to meeting the LD regulations. Numerous advanced NOx technologies are being evaluated and some promise for meeting the California HD low NOx targets. Oxidation catalysts are improved for both diesel and methane oxidation applications. Gasoline particulate filters (GPF) are the lead approach to reducing particles from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. They reduce PAH emissions, and catalyzed versions can be designed for low back pressure. Regeneration largely occurs during hot decelerations.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2016, 55, 3; 3-8
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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