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Tytuł:
The Reform of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice of the European Union in the Treaty of Lisbon
Autorzy:
Węc, Janusz Józef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1832026.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-08-28
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
security and justice; legislation
European Union
Treaty of Lisbon
area of freedom
security and justice
legislation
Opis:
In view of the recent reform of the area of freedom, security and justice in the European Union as it is codifed in the Treaty of Lisbon, passed on 13 December 2007, this paper analyzes the changes put forward by the new legislation. Beginning with the system of the Treaty regulations, it goes on to provide a general outline of the changes in the six policies within this area: visas, asylum, immigration, judicial cooperation in civil matters, judicial cooperation in criminal matters and police cooperation.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2013, 9(9); 25-41
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ensuring sustainable energy as a sign of environmental responsibility and social justice in European Union members
Autorzy:
Kryk, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/96087.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Tematy:
sustainable development
sustainable energy
environmental responsibility
social justice
European Union
rozwój zrównoważony
energia zrównoważona
odpowiedzialność za środowisko naturalne
sprawiedliwość społeczna
Unia Europejska
Opis:
The article aims to measure and assess the degree of providing sustainable energy in the European Union (EU) countries in the context of social and environmental responsibility and social justice as well as in the context of implementation of the 7th goal of Agenda 2030. Providing people with access to sustainable energy and increasing energy efficiency in all sectors of the economy is necessary to achieve the goals of the concept of sustainable development, the Agenda 2030, the Europe 2020 strategy, and the European energy policy. Ensuring sustainable energy is also a sign of environmental responsibility and social justice. Accurate evaluation of achievements in this area is a relatively new issue, both in economic practice and in modern economics, therefore, there is a need to develop ways for measuring access to sustainable energy other than the usual analysis of time-series of data in individual years, on which current studies are based. Hence, an attempt was made to use two methods belonging to cluster analysis (Ward method and k-means) in order to more effectively assess the degree of sustainable energy provision undertaken by EU countries. This is a novel approach in this area as it directs the article towards the research trend focused on the operationalization of the concept of sustainable development. In the study, available statistical data on 8 indicators for SDG 7, reported by Eurostat and established by the UN, were used, covering the years 2010 and 2016. The study enabled the grouping of EU countries by the degree of provision of sustainable energy and, thus, the determining of their environmental responsibility and social justice in this area. The study shows that past EU achievements in providing sustainable energy are not particularly spectacular; there is no country where they were completely satisfactory, they were quite satisfactory in only 14 countries, averagely satisfactory in 9 countries, and unsatisfactory in 5 countries.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2019, 4; 138-162
0867-8898
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Środowisko
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zasada poszanowania godności ludzkiej w wykładni Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej
The principle of human dignity as interpreted at the Court of Justice of the European Union
Autorzy:
Kołatek, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2206766.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
dignity
European Union
human rights
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)
Opis:
Article has been focused on the notion of human dignity as interpreted by the CJEU and its evolution during history of European integration. In the beginning the competence conferred on the European Communities pertained generally to the economic area so the possibility of affecting the rights of individuals was not apparent. The expressive recognition of the principle of human dignity by the CJEU occurred rather late with the ruling of 2001 regarding the Directive on the legal protection of biotechnical inventions. The CJEU’s judgement in Omega was of crucial importance because it confirmed that a fundamental right to human dignity is part of EU law. The Brüstle judgement of 2011, regarding the context of bioscience and biotechnology, brought more light on the CJEU positon with reference to the issue of human dignity. In this case the age-old problem of the moral status of the embryo is the central issue. Today this decision is seen as a justification and vindication of the principle of human dignity.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2019, 1(61); 9-24
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Patterns of Democracy in the Case Law of the EU Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights
Autorzy:
Ninatti, Stefania
Arcari, Maurizio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706909.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-07-26
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
CJEU
democracy
European Union
Court of Justice of the European Union
European Convention on Human Rights
European Court of Human Rights
Opis:
This article attempts to discover the key elements of the democratic principle, as described by the judges sitting in Luxembourg and Strasbourg, whose case law reveals the underlying idea of democracy at the supranational level. Until recently the debate on democracy was limited to the national level. But things are changing, and this article shows the gradual emergence of a process led by supranational courts, in which the application of the democratic principle finds multiple grades and variations. In this way the supranational/international courts have opened a new chapter in the process of constitutionalization of international law.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2015, 35; 171-192
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU and Agenda 2030 – Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions
Autorzy:
Silander, Daniel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1945448.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-01-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
UN Goal 16
democracy
European Union
post-communism
Hungary
Opis:
In 2015, the United Nations (UN) decided on 17 sustainable development goals. Goal 16 focused on peace, justice and strong institutions and on the importance of democracy for global sustainable development. This study explores the status of democracy in Europe and highlights tendencies of authoritarianism in some post-communist states. This happens in a global context of resurgence of autocratization. Although the European Union (EU) continues to be a solid liberal democratic order, challenges in post-communist Europe exist, especially in Hungary as a new authoritarian state within the EU.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2022, 11, 4; 18-28
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przedmiot i metodologia rozprawy doktorskiej pt. „Rola wyspecjalizowanych agencji Unii Europejskiej w obszarze spraw wewnętrznych i wymiaru sprawiedliwości”
Autorzy:
Jolanta, Szymańska,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/894722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-08-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
specialised agencies
European Union
justice and home affairs
EU area of justice
freedom and security
internal security
agencje wyspecjalizowane
Unia Europejska
obszar spraw wewnętrznych i wymiaru sprawiedliwości
przestrzeń wolności
bezpieczeństwa i sprawiedliwości UE
bezpieczeństwo wewnętrzne
Opis:
The aim of the article is to present the research topic, scope and methodology of Ph.D. thesis entitled “The role of EU specialised agencies in the field of justice and home affairs”, successfully defended by the author under the academic supervision of Professor K. A. Wojtaszczyk at the Faculty of Journalism and Political Science (University of Warsaw) in July 2012. The article defines the research problem and shows the main motives that have led the author to investigate “The role of EU specialised agencies in the field of justice and home affairs”. The author proves the political character of the topic and shows how project results can influence the discipline of political science. The article presents a broad outline of the thesis, purposes, scope and limitations of the study, actual knowledge on the subject, research questions (addressed in each chapter), hypothesis and scientific methodology. The last part of the article contains dissertation conclusions and recommendations for a further research. The article confirms scientific character and credibility of the final results of Ph.D. dissertation “The role of EU specialised agencies in the field of justice and home affairs”. It can be an inspiration and useful instruction for doctoral students who are about to start their dissertation research projects. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie problematyki, zakresu badań oraz metodologii rozprawy doktorskiej pt. „Rola wyspecjalizowanych agencji Unii Europejskiej w obszarze spraw wewnętrznych i wymiaru sprawiedliwości”, przygotowanej pod kierunkiem naukowym prof. dr hab. K.A. Wojtaszczyka i obronionej przez autorkę na Wydziale Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego w lipcu 2012 r. W artykule zdefiniowany zostaje problem badawczy, a także wskazane przesłanki wyboru tematu dysertacji. Autorka wykazuje, iż przedmiot omawianej rozprawy ma charakter politologiczny, wskazując jednocześnie wpływ rezultatów projektu na rozwój dyscypliny. W artykule zaprezentowany zostaje zarys problematyki badawczej, cel pracy, zakres badań, ograniczniki analizy, aktualny stan wiedzy na badany temat, pytania badawcze sformułowane przez autorkę w poszczególnych rozdziałach, hipoteza pracy oraz zastosowana metodologia. W ostatniej części artykułu wypunktowane zostają wnioski badawcze, a także rekomendacje odnoszące się do dalszych badań w tym zakresie. Niniejszy artykuł potwierdza naukowy charakter oraz wiarygodność wniosków badawczych wyciągniętych przez autorkę w dysertacji pt. „Rola wyspecjalizowanych agencji Unii Europejskiej w obszarze spraw wewnętrznych i wymiaru sprawiedliwości”. Artykuł może być traktowany jako źródło inspiracji oraz cenna wskazówka dla młodych naukowców, którzy właśnie rozpoczynają proces przygotowywania własnej rozprawy doktorskiej.
Źródło:
Przegląd Europejski; 2012, 2 (25); 27-45
1641-2478
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Europejski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Recognition of Professional Qualifications in the European Union
Autorzy:
Lipiec, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1633767.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-07
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Professional Qualifications
Ski Instructor
European Union
Internal Market
Law
Jurisprudence
Court of Justice
Opis:
The case of the English ski instructor Simon Butler working in France is the best example of the malfunctioning of the professional-qualifications recognition system in Europe. The practice of European and national administration as well as the jurisprudence of the CJEU and French courts shows how important and complex the subject of qualification recognition is. A review of administrative practices and an analysis of case law show the positive and negative sides of the EU's qualification recognition system. The European Commission is carrying out numerous activities aimed at improving said system. The latest solutions make the idea of qualification without borders a reality. The most important task is to examine the changes and legislative proposals of the European Union, analyse the case of Simon Butler and present proposals for changes against the background of activities undertaken throughout the Union. They should be realised through legal research methods and non-reactive social methods.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2021, 25, 2; 93-115
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opinia prawna na temat wyroku Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej z 7 marca 2017 r. w sprawie prejudycjalnej C-390/15 RPO
Legal opinion concerning the judgement of the Court of Justice of the European Union of 7.05.2017 on a prejudicial matter C-390/15 RPO
Autorzy:
Dzwonkowski, Henryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2215748.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
tax
Court of Justice of the European Union
European Union
VAT
Opis:
The opinion supports the Court’s decision that a different treatment of digital books supplied electronically and books supplied in tangible media is sufficiently justified and does not infringe the rule of neutrality and the rule of equal treatment. The judgement argues that to allow the Member States to apply for a diminished VAT rate to electronically supplied digital books would hamper the consistency of the Union’s aim to exclude all electronic services from the category which is subject to a diminished VAT rate. According to the author of the opinion, in the current state of matters, states are not legally allowed to engage in legislative activities with an aim to modify the way of taxation of e-publications
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2017, 2(54); 97-110
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regresywna koncepcja Unii Europejskiej na przykładzie dyskursu prowadzonego przez Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
Regressive concept of the European Union. The case of political discourse conducted by Law and Justice party
Autorzy:
Ruszkowski, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31233287.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Regressivism
Regresive concept
European Union
Law and Justice
Regresywizm
regresywna koncepcja
Unia Europejska
Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
Opis:
Celem podjętej analizy jest z jednej strony rekonstrukcja rozproszonych cech, założeń i myśli dotyczących zarówno obecnego stanu Unii Europejskiej, jak i jej przyszłego kształtu oraz miejsca Polski w tej organizacji, charakteryzujących dyskurs prowadzony przez PIS, a z drugiej strony próba wsparcia tych cech i założeń konkretnymi określeniami, desygnatami i znacznikami, które nie tylko są składową tego dyskursu, ale także tworzą pewien mniej lub bardziej logiczny zbiór twierdzeń definiujących i określających Unię Europejską oraz proces integracji europejskiej, które były używane przez prominentnych przedstawicieli tej partii politycznej. Wiodącym teoretycznym systemem wyjaśniania jest poststrukturalizm, który w tak postawionym problemie badawczym daje możliwość zastosowania metody analizy dyskursu (discourse analysis) będącej zoperacjonalizowanym systemem oznaczania praktyki politycznej i realnego otoczenia politycznego, gdyż artykulacja konstytuuje przedmiot badań, a nie tylko go oznacza i wyjaśnia.
The aim of the analysis is, on the one hand, to reconstruct the difussed features, assumptions and thoughts concerning both the present state of the European Union and its future shape and place of Poland in this organization, characterizing the discourse conducted by PIS, and on the other hand, an attempt to support these features and assumptions with specific terms, designates and markers that are not only a component of this discourse, but also create a certain more or less logical set of statements defining the European Union and the process of European integration, which were used by prominent representatives of this political party. The leading theoretical paradigm of explanation is poststructuralism, which in such a research problem gives the possibility of using the method of discourse analysis, which is an operationalized system of marking political practice and the real political environment, because articulation constitutes the subject of research, and not only signifies and explains it.
Źródło:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej; 2022, 16; 21-45
1899-6256
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
International Economic Law in the 21st Century: Need for Stronger “Democratic Ownership” and Cosmopolitan Reforms
Autorzy:
Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
international economic law
human rights
EU
European Union
WTO
justice
Opis:
Most worldwide monetary, financial, trade and environmental agreements fail to protect international public goods (like prevention of climate change, transnational rule of law for the benefit of citizens) effectively and do not even mention human rights and consumer welfare. This contribution argues that the prevailing “Westphalian conceptions” of international economic law (IEL) as “international law among states”, “global administrative law”, multilevel economic regulation and international “conflicts law” must be “civilized” and “constitutionalized” by limiting multilevel governance through legal and judicial protection of cosmopolitan rights empowering citizens – as “democratic owners of IEL” – to hold their government agents more accountable for their obvious “governance failures”. Sections 1 to 10 discuss ten areas of IEL where the need for stronger protection of human rights is increasingly recognized. Sections 11 and 12 infer from the citizen-driven transformations of international investment law and European common market law that “market failures”, “governance failures” and related abuses of public and private power in international economic relations can be limited by empowering citizens and “courts of justice” to protect transnational rule of law for the benefit of citizens. The article criticizes the EU institutions for their nondemocratic assertion of “freedoms to violate international law” to the detriment of EU citizens, and discusses the links between the current financial and economic growth crises in the European Monetary Union and the persistent violations by most EU countries of their agreed fiscal and debt legal disciplines. If the main objective of law is to “institutionalize public reason” protecting citizens and their human rights, IEL requires far-reaching cosmopolitan reforms in the 21st century.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2011, 31; 9-46
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Redukcja kosztów w razie przedterminowej spłaty kredytu konsumenckiego
Cost reduction in the case of an early repayment of a consumer credit
Autorzy:
Langer, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2215869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
credit
consumers
Court of Justice
European Union
Opis:
In a situation of a customer’s demands a cost reduction from the creditor in the case of an early repayment of a consumer credit, for proper assessment of the case, the position of the CJEU adopted in the judgment of 2019 regarding the interpretation of directive on credit agreements for consumers should be taken into account, as well as the expiry of the deadline in 2010 transposing the provisions of this Directive. Based on the analysis, the author states that the interpretation of the provisions of the Consumer Credit Act, which is incompatible with the conclusions of the CJEU’s judgment, is not binding. Thus, starting from 11 June 2010, creditors are obliged to reduce all costs included in the total cost of a consumer credit in case of its early repayment by the customer.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2020, 2(66); 206-213
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU Values and Constitutional Pluralism: The EU System of Fundamental Rights Protection
Autorzy:
Lenaerts, Koen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706658.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-07-25
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Charter of Fundamental Rights
CJEU
Court of Justice of the European Union
EU
European Union
fundamental right
Opis:
This article seeks to explore whether the EU system of fundamental rights protection allows room for constitutional pluralism. By looking at recent developments in the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (the Court of Justice), it is submitted that the Court has answered that question in the affirmative, thereby respecting the diversity of the cultures and traditions of the peoples of Europe as well as their national identities. The application of the Charter does not rule out a cumulative application of fundamental rights. That being said, pluralism is not absolute, but must be weighed against the indivisible and universal values on which the European Union is founded. Logically, the question that arises is how we order pluralism. In this regard, I shall argue that it is not for the Court of Justice to decide when an EU uniform standard of fundamental rights protection is to replace (or coexist with) national standards. That decision is for the EU political institutions to adopt, since they enjoy the necessary democratic legitimacy to determine the circumstances under which the exercise of a fundamental right is to be limited for reasons of public interest. However, this deference to the EU political branches does not mean that EU legislative decisions are immune from judicial review. On the contrary, cases such as Schwarz and Digital Rights demonstrate that the Court of Justice is firmly committed to examining whether those legislative choices comply with primary EU law, and notably with the Charter. In this regard, when interpreting the provisions of the Charter, the Court of Justice – in dialogue with national courts and, in particular, constitutional courts – operates as the guarantor of the rule of law within the EU, of which fundamental rights are part and parcel. It is thus for those courts to make sure that each and every EU citizen enjoys a sphere of individual liberty which must, as defined by the Charter, remain free from public interferences.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2014, 34; 135-160
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Voľný pohyb pracovníkov v Európskej únii
Free movement of workers in the Eurpean Union
Autorzy:
Dolobáč, Marcel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/485758.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
the right of freee movement
European Union
the right of residence
Court of Justice of the European Union
Opis:
Free movement of workers is one of the most important fundamental right, which results from the membership in the European Union. This right includes in particular : the right to apply for the offers of employment in the other EU states; the right of free movement for the purposes of seeking work; the right of residence; the right to stay in the other EU state after the termination of labour contract. According to European Union law, mention rights belongs not just to employees, who are the citizens of the European Union, but in limited range also to their family members. The exemptions to the right of free movement are rather limited. The aim of the presented contribution is to describe the essence of the right of free movement of workers in the European Union mainly in the light of the relevant judicial decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union.
Źródło:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2012, 2(9); 61-72
1898-8431
Pojawia się w:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
International dimension of a juvenile justice
Międzynarodowy wymiar sprawiedliwości dla nieletnich
Autorzy:
Zavorina, Olena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2136048.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-13
Wydawca:
Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
Tematy:
standardy międzynarodowe
przesłuchanie młodocianego
przestępstwo karne
Unia Europejska
ustawodawstwo krajowe
international standards
interrogation of a juvenile
criminal offence
European Union
national legislation
Opis:
Artykuł prawnie analizuje międzynarodowe standardy przesłuchiwania nieletnich podejrzanych o popełnienie przestępstwa. Przeanalizowano porządek proceduralny i cechy taktyczne przesłuchania nieletniego, które są określone w prawie międzynarodowym. Autorka określa kryteria, szczegółowe zasady przesłuchania, a także wymagania dotyczące takiego postępowania procesowego. Niezbędna jest dalsza poprawa ustawodawstwa krajowego zgodnie z międzynarodowymi standardami w dziedzinie postępowania karnego wspierającego postępowanie przygotowawcze.
The article legally analyses international standards of the interrogation of juveniles who are suspected of having committed a criminal offence. The procedural order and tactical features of the interrogation of a minor, that are outlined in international law, are analysed. The author defines the criteria, specific rules of interrogation, as well as requirements for such procedural action. Further improvement of national legislation in accordance with international standards in the field of criminal procedural support of pre-trial investigation is necessary.
Źródło:
Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem; 2021, 6; 115-123
2543-7321
Pojawia się w:
Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
GLOSSARY TO THE JUDGMENT OF THE COURT OF JUSTISE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION C-638/16 X AND X V ÉTAT BELGE
Autorzy:
Shulha, Aliaksei
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915820.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
humanitarian visa
international protection
European Union
Court of Justice fo the European Union
Opis:
The subject of the glossary is to consider certain aspects concerning issuing of humanitarian visas . Its aim is to demonstrate the need for humanitarian visas in order to allow individuals to cross the external borders of the European Union in hopes of protection in one of its Member States . The prohibition of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment derives from the European Union and inter-national law . It confirms the importance of granting international protection to foreigners and accessibility to this procedure . This article is generally based on the Advocate General’s opinion and the judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union in case C-638/16 X and X v État belge . It is also noted that the Court did not comply with the recommendations of the Advocate General . The arguments used in this article are to show that people in need of international protection should be able to apply for a humanitarian visa under European Union and international law
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2017, 29, 2; 121-133
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 35

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