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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Burials with Buckets in Early Medieval Poland: A Pagan or Christian Custom?
    Chowanie zmarłych z wiadrami we wczesnym średniowieczu na ziemiach polskich. Zwyczaj pogański czy chrześcijański?
    Autorzy:
    Kurasiński, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/497973.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Instytut Archeologii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie
    Tematy:
    bucket
    grave-goods
    Early Middle Ages
    Polska
    Christianization
    paganism
    Opis:
    This paper examines the custom of burying the dead with buckets in the context of ideological and religious changes in early medieval Poland. The corpus of sources for this study includes around 350 vessels discovered at over 100 cemeteries. Because Christianization of funerary practices was a multifaceted and long-term process, in which the gradual introduction of Christian motifs led to elimination or adaptation of pagan rites, it is difficult to determine whether a particular object deposited in the grave was regarded as purely “Christian” or “pagan”. This problem also relates to buckets. It seems that buckets were placed in graves as part of the so-called cult of the dead, a practice which was expressed through feasts that involved both the living and the dead. Buckets were filled with liquids and food with the intention to facilitate the journey to the Otherworld and to protect the living against the undesired return of the deceased. Burials with buckets, therefore, may have aroused concerns among the clergy and could have been regarded as practices associated with pagan traditions that deviated considerably from Christian norms and newly introduced funerary customs.
    Źródło:
    Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia; 2015, 10; 137-198
    2084-4409
    Pojawia się w:
    Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Trudności w chrystianizacji państwa wczesnopiastowskiego w świetle świadectw archeologicznych
    The problems with Christianisation of the Early Piast state in the light of archaeological research
    Autorzy:
    Urbańczyk, Przemysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2037089.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    Polska
    wczesne średniowiecze
    chrystianizacja
    świadectwa archeologiczne
    Polska
    Early Middle Ages
    Christianization
    archaeological evidence
    Opis:
    Christianization of the Early Piast state was a difficult and long process which gained momentum during the reign of Boleslav Chrobry. Archaeological evidence for this process includes syncretic behavior typical of periods of an enforced religious change.
    Źródło:
    Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2022, 1 (32); 13-30
    2084-1213
    Pojawia się w:
    Historia Slavorum Occidentis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przestrzeń rozświetlona. Znaleziska świec i wosku w grobach komorowych na terenie Europy Środkowowschodniej
    Space illuminated. Finds of candles and wax in early medieval chamber graves in Eastern-Central Europe
    Autorzy:
    Janowski, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/584872.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    wczesne średniowiecze
    groby komorowe
    świece
    religia
    chrystianizacja
    Early Middle Ages
    chamber graves
    candles
    religion
    christianization
    Opis:
    Among many items which were found in early medieval chamber graves in Eastern-Central Europe are pieces of wax and candles (fig. 1). These artifacts were discovered in seven graves at four cemeteries in Gnezdovo (graves C-198, C-301 and C-306) (fig. 2-4; 7; 8.1-8), Pskov (graves 3 and 6) (fig. 5), Shestovitsa (mound 42) and Timerevo (mound 100) (fig. 6; 8.9). All of these graves were covered with mounds and contained inhumations with very rich grave-goods. The dead were buried with their heads to the west. Candles were found predominantly in female graves (Gnezdovo graves C-198, C-301 and C-306; Pskov grave 3) or in chamber graves containing two individuals (male and female) in association with the females (Timerevo grave 100). The chronology of the graves is very similar – all are dated to the second half of the 10th century. Candles were placed on the periphery in eastern (Gnezdovo graves C-301 and C-306, Pskov grave 6) or southern (Pskov grave 3, Shestovitsa mound 42) part of the chamber. The number of candles in particular graves ranged from one (Pskov grave 6, Shestovitsa grave 42, Timerevo grave 100) to as many as twelve examples (Gnezdovo grave C-306). Apart from chamber graves, from Russia and Ukraine there are also other types of graves, dated to the second half of the 10th – 11th century, which contained wax and candles. They were found in Gnezdovo (grave L-148) (fig. 8.11), Timerevo (mound 323) (fig. 8.10), Saki (mound 54(1)) (fig. 8.13), Starcy (fig. 8.14) Vahrushevo (mound CXVI), and Sednev (mound 2(1886) (fig. 8.12). Parallel finds are also known from Western and Northern Europe. The oldest discovery comes from the cemetery in Oberflacht dated to the 6th-7th century (fig. 9.3-5), and the youngest from Norway (graves in Grønhaug, Storhaug, Oseberg, Larvik and Lille Gullkronen (mound 7)) and Denmark (graves in Jelling, Mammen (fig. 10), Søllested, Brandstrup (fig. 9.2; 11). In the Early Middle Ages wax was a valued commodity and probably fairly expensive. Scholars point out that wax and candles in funerary contexts are connected with individuals of high material and social status. Candles can also have a very deep symbolic meaning in pagan and Christian beliefs. Chamber graves with candles are probably older than the official date of the Christianisation of Rus’ (988/989), but the people in places like Gnezdovo, Pskov, Timerevo and Shestovitsa had contact with Christianity about 100 years earlier. Chamber graves with candles contain Christian symbols like silver crosses/ pendants and other (fig. 12). In my opinion candles had an apotropaic meaning, and the graves with candles may be interpreted as a sign of an individual conversion of social elite to Christianity before official Christianisation.
    Źródło:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia; 2014, 60; 121-130
    0065-0986
    2451-0300
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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