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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    The Syrian campaign of Romanos III Argyros in 1030 CE
    Syryjska kampania Romanosa III Argyrosa w 1030 r. n.e
    Autorzy:
    Czyż, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26917536.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych. Instytut Historyczny
    Tematy:
    Byzantium
    Arabs
    Syria
    Aleppo
    Argyros
    Bizancjum
    Arabowie
    Opis:
    The paper discusses various aspects of Romanos III Argyros’ expedition in Syria, such as its objectives and route. It is argued that Romanos’ goal was to not just replace the Mirdāsids with Manṣūr Ibn Lu’lu’ in Aleppo, but to annex the city and then lend his support to the Ṭayyi’ in Palestine, thus profiting from Fāṭimid problems and eventually conquering Syria. The defeat of the Byzantines before they reached Fāṭimid territory allowed for the later amelioration of relations with Fāṭimids. A solution to the issue surrounding the personality of Ibn Dūqs is also presented.
    Artykuł omawia szereg aspektów wyprawy Romana III Argyrosa do Syrii, w tym jej cele i trasę. Autor utrzymuje, że celem Romana nie było zastąpienie Mirdāsydów w Aleppo Manṣūrem Ibn Lu’lu’, ale zaanektowanie tego miasta i wsparcie plemienia Ṭayyi’ w Palestynie, wykorzystanie problemów Fāṭymidów do podbicia Syrii. Twierdzi, że to, iż Bizantyńczycy ponieśli porażkę, nim dotarli na ziemie Fāṭymidów, przyczyniło się do późniejszej poprawy relacji między dwoma imperiami. Poza tym proponuje rozwiązanie problemu osoby Ibn Dūqsa.
    Źródło:
    Studia Antiquitatis et Medii Aevi Incohantis; 2021, 6; 239-272
    2544-4379
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Antiquitatis et Medii Aevi Incohantis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Christian Nubia and the Arabs
    Autorzy:
    Martens-Czarnecka, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682254.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Nubia
    early Christianity
    Arabs
    Byzantium
    Christian Church
    Nobadia
    Makuria
    Opis:
    Nubia constituted the area in the Nile Valley in the present day Sudan, the area which spread from the first cataract up to the place where the White Nile meets the Blue Nile. The area was inhabited by the population using a common language – Old Nubian. In the second half of the sixth century thanks to the missions send by the Byzantine Court, Nubia accepted Christianity as a state religion. Nubia immediately found itself in the area of influence of Byzantine culture. Byzantine administration, liturgy of the Eastern Church and the Greek language were introduced. In 641 the Arab conquest of Egypt took place. Soon after that in 642, the Arab army entered the Nubian territory and from this date centuries of clashes and peace treaties characterized relations between Nubians and Arab peoples. The 13th century marks slow decline of the kingdom of Nubia. Hostile Negro tribes from the South and South-West appear in the Mid Valley of Nile. Fights weaken the kingdom; slow islamization of the country follows, royal rule and Christian faith falls and together with those culture and arts deteriorates. The history of military as well as political or commercial Nubian-Arabic contacts over entire period of existence of Christian kingdom of Nubia undoubtedly had to bring about certain artistic trends in Nubia originating from rich heritage of Muslim culture. The culture of Christian Nubia originally based to considerable extent on Byzantine art, in course of time, subjected to more and more intense Arabic influence, significantly changed. Arabic components seen in Nubian church architecture, wall painting and art crafts became predominant, which over following centuries led to creation of Arabic culture of the contemporary Sudan.
    Źródło:
    Studia Ceranea; 2015, 5; 249-265
    2084-140X
    2449-8378
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ceranea
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    “Inde Insulam Cyprum Inter Graecos Et Sarraticos (Sarracenos)…”
    „Inde insulam Cyprum inter graecos et sarraticos (sarracenos) (…)”
    Autorzy:
    Burkiewicz, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1597229.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-07-01
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Willibald
    Hygeburga z Heidenheimu
    Cypr
    podróże
    Bizancjum
    Arabowie
    pielgrzymki
    Hygeburg of Heidenheim
    Cyprus
    travel
    Byzantium
    Arabs
    pilgrimage
    Opis:
    This article takes a close look at excerpts from an account of a journey to the Holy Land made in 720s by the English monk Willibald (700–787/789), later bishop of the Bavarian city of Eichstätt, an associate of the Archbishop of Germania, St. Boniface and a saint of the Catholic Church. Willibald dictated the account of his peregrination many years after his pilgrimage to a related nun, Hygeburge of Heidenheim, who then wrote down his biography and descriptions of his travels in a work entitled Hodoeporicon Sancti Willibaldi. Fragments of the above‑mentioned travel account concerning the specific political, social, and cultural situation in Cyprus that took place between the 7th and 9th centuries are the subject of the detailed analysis contained in this paper. Willibald arrived on the island during this period: specifically in the year 724. Cyprus at that time acted as an Arab‑Byzantine quasi‑condominium, being the object of efforts of these two powers, on the one hand officially trying to preserve its neutral character, while on the other working to diminish the influence of their competitor there. This peculiar situation had its effect on the relationship between Muslims (Arabs) and Christians (Cypriots and Byzantines) living on the island.
    Tekst niniejszego artykułu przybliża fragmenty relacji z podróży do Ziemi Świętej odbytej w latach 20. VII w. przez angielskiego mnicha Willibalda (700–787/789), późniejszego biskupa bawarskiego miasta Eichstätt, współpracownika arcybiskupa Germanii św. Bonifacego oraz świętego Kościoła katolickiego. Opis swojej peregrynacji Willibald podyktował wiele lat po odbytej pielgrzymce spokrewnionej z nim zakonnicy Hygeburdze z Heidenheimu, która następnie spisała jego żywot oraz opisy odbytych przez niego podróży w dziele zatytułowanym Hodoeporicon Sancti Willibaldi. Przedmiotem szczegółowej analizy stały się fragmenty wspomnianej relacji z podróży dotyczące specyficznej politycznej, społecznej i kulturowej sytuacji na Cyprze na przestrzeni VII–IX wieku. W tym okresie, a dokładnie w roku 724, na wyspę dotarł wspomniany Willibald. Ówczesny Cypr pełnił funkcję quasi‑kondominium arabsko‑bizantyńskiego, będąc przedmiotem zabiegów tych dwóch potęg, które z jednej strony oficjalnie starały się zachować jego neutralny charakter, z drugiej zaś próbowały pomniejszyć na nim wpływy swojego konkurenta. Ta swoista sytuacja miała swój wpływ na relację pomiędzy muzułmanami (Arabami) a chrześcijanami (Cypryjczykami i Bizantyńczykami) na wyspie.
    Źródło:
    Perspektywy Kultury; 2021, 33, 2; 153-174
    2081-1446
    2719-8014
    Pojawia się w:
    Perspektywy Kultury
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Synowie Hagar. Wiedza bizantyńczyków o armii arabskiej w świetle traktatów wojskowych z IX i X wieku
    The sons of Hagar. Byzantine views on the Arab army in military treatises of 9th and 10th century
    Autorzy:
    Wolińska, Teresa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/613944.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    Bizancjum
    Arabowie
    sztuka wojenna
    taktikon
    Nikefor II Fokas
    Leon VI Filozof
    Byzantium
    Arabs, art of war (polemology)
    military treatises (tactica)
    Nicephor II Phocas
    Leo VI the Wise
    Opis:
    Arab military expansion was a real challenge to the Byzantine Empire. The defeats sustained in wars with the Arabs, whom the Byzantines called sometimes Hagarenes to refer to Biblical Hagar, forced new method of war waging. That knowledge was taken predominantly directly from battlefield. The Arab menace increased during the reign of Leo VI the Wise (886-912). Albeit not a soldier himself, he took an attempt to reorganize the Byzantine army and navy. Although it did not bring an immediate effect, the Empire gradually began to initiative. The situation changed for better during the reign of Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos (911-959) and Romanos I Lekapenos (919-959). A peace with the Bulgarians allowed to collect substantial forces on the eastern border of the empire. The weakening of the Abbasids gave way to the Hamdanid dynasty from northern Iraq and Syria to grow to the most serious Byzantine adversary in mid- 10th century, particularly during the reign of Sayf al-Dawla (945-967), who recorded some remarkable victories over the Byzantine forces. In 955 Nikephoros II Phokas took over the post of domesticos of the East. Along with his brother Leo, Strategos of Cappadocia and John Tzimiskes, they were able to change the course of war, winning some battles in northern Syria. The struggle with the Muslims resulted in a number of military treatises, the most known of which were attributed to emperors Leo VI and Nikephoros II Phokas. Although it is not certain if they were written by them themselves, they were certainly created on their behalf. Among several treatises of Leo VI, the Tactica seems to be the most interesting. The work divided in 20 chapters was meant as a handbook for military commanders. It discussed the organization of infantry, cavalry and navy, and their use in war, as well as that of sieges, ambushes etc. Much attention was paid to Arab logistics. Remarkably little, if any attention was paid to religious grounds as a reason for expansion. Not too surprisingly, much of the work was dedicated to the methods of efficient struggle against Muslims; the author correctly identified both strong and week sides of the Byzantine army. Some points clearly suggest a desire to take over certain elements of organization and war art from the adversary. Also the treatise by Nikephoros Phokas represents equally good value as Tactica. In this work we find a number of details regarding both military and non-military customs of the Arabs, which is not surprising, as the author was a military commander, experienced in battles against the Muslims. For this reason we should respect even more the military knowledge of Leo’s Tactica, if we remember that the author was not a professional soldier. Interestingly enough, with the notable exception of Nikephoros Phokas, the authors of other treatises added little to the information contained in Leo’s work. The reason for that was explicitly laid out by an anonymous author of still another treatise, Βιβλίον τακτικόν, who wrote that the chiefs knew so much about the raids on the lands of the Hagarenes that there was no use to discuss them in detail.
    Źródło:
    Vox Patrum; 2015, 63; 397-416
    0860-9411
    2719-3586
    Pojawia się w:
    Vox Patrum
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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