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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    A simple formula for the net long-wave radiation flux in the Southern Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Zapadka, T.
    Wozniak, S.B.
    Wozniak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47670.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    statistical error
    infrared radiation
    Batlic Region
    sea surface
    Baltic Sea
    long-wave radiation
    atmosphere
    Opis:
    This paper discusses problems of estimating the net long-wave radiation flux at the sea surface on the basis of easily measurable meteorological quantities (air and sea surface temperatures, near-surface water vapour pressure, cloudiness). Empirical data and existing formulae are compared. Additionally, an improved formula for the southern Baltic region is introduced, with a systematic error of less than 1 W m−2 and a statistical error of less than 20 W m−2.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2001, 43, 3; 265-277
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Preliminary comparison between various models of the long-wave radiation budget of the sea and experimental data from the Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Zapadka, T.
    Wozniak, S.B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47985.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    infrared radiation
    atmosphere
    sea
    long-wave radiation
    sea surface
    Baltic Sea
    Opis:
    This paper discusses existing models of long-wave radiation exchange between the sea surface and the atmosphere, and compares them with experimental data. The latter were based on empirical data collected in the southern Baltic during cruises of r/v ‘Oceania’. To a greater or lesser extent, all the models were encumbered with significant systematic and statistical errors. The probable reasons for these discrepancies are given.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 3
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A more accurate formula for calculating the net longwave radiation flux in the Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Zapadka, T.
    Wozniak, B.
    Dera, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47558.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    temperature
    cloud
    radiation flux
    water vapour
    atmosphere
    long-wave radiation
    sea surface
    Baltic Sea
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Longwave radiation budget at the Baltic Sea surface from satellite and atmospheric model data
    Autorzy:
    Zapadka, T.
    Krezel, A.
    Wozniak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47597.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    air temperature
    sea surface
    heat budget
    Baltic Sea
    temporal analysis
    spatial analysis
    long-wave radiation
    cloud cover
    model data
    Opis:
    The net longwave radiation flux LW↑↓ in the Baltic Sea in 2001 has been subjected to spatial and temporal analysis. Maps of the mean monthly LW↑↓ over the Baltic were drawn using the new semi-empirical formula for the Baltic Sea (Zapadka et al. 2007). The input data for the formula, such as sea surface and air temperatures, and cloud cover, were obtained from the Tiros N/NOAA and METEOSAT 7 satellites and from the UMPLfo recast model (see http://meteo.icm.edu.pl). The mean annual LW↑↓ for 2001 was estimated at 63 W m−2 and compared with available data from other sources. The monthly maps of the net flux LW↑↓ over the Baltic show that the total values reach a minimum (LW↑↓≈50 W m−2) in April, September, October and a maximum (LW↑↓≈80 W m−2) in November. The statistical error of daily maps, on which the monthly maps were based, is no more than 18 W m−2.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 2; 147-166
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    SatBałtyk – A Baltic environmental satellite remote sensing system – an ongoing project in Poland. Part 1: Assumptions, scope and operating range
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Bradtke, K.
    Darecki, M.
    Dera, J.
    Dudzinska-Nowak, J.
    Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, L.
    Ficek, D.
    Furmanczyk, K.
    Kowalewski, M.
    Krezel, A.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Paszkuta, M.
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Stramska, M.
    Zapadka, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48960.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    algal bloom
    Baltic ecosystem
    Baltic Sea
    Baltic water
    chlorophyll a
    functional property
    marine optics
    organic matter
    phytoplankton pigment
    Polska
    remote sensing
    SatBaltyk project
    satellite monitoring
    solar radiation
    structural property
    Opis:
    This article is the first of two papers on the remote sensing methods of monitoring the Baltic ecosystem, developed by a Polish team. The main aim of the five- year SatBałtyk (2010–2014) research project (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment) is to prepare the technical infrastructure and set in motion operational procedures for the satellite monitoring of the Baltic environment. This system is to characterize on a routine basis the structural and functional properties of this sea on the basis of data supplied by the relevant satellites. The characterization and large-scale dissemination of the following properties of the Baltic is anticipated: the solar radiation influx to the sea’s waters in various spectral intervals, energy balances of the short- and long-wave radiation at the Baltic Sea surface and in the upper layers of the atmosphere over the Baltic, sea surface temperature distribution, dynamic states of the water surface, concentrations of chlorophyll a and other phytoplankton pigments in the Baltic water, distributions of algal blooms, the occurrence of upwelling events, and the characteristics of primary organic matter production and photosynthetically released oxygen in the water. It is also intended to develop and, where feasible, to implement satellite techniques for detecting slicks of petroleum derivatives and other compounds, evaluating the state of the sea’s ice cover, and forecasting the hazards from current and future storms and providing evidence of their effects in the Baltic coastal zone. The ultimate objective of the project is to implement an operational system for the routine determination and dissemination on the Internet of the above-mentioned features of the Baltic in the form of distribution maps as well as plots, tables and descriptions characterizing the state of the various elements of the Baltic environment. The main sources of input data for this system will be the results of systematic recording by environmental satellites and also special-purpose ones such as TIROS N/NOAA, MSG (currently Meteosat 9), EOS/AQUA and ENVISAT. The final effects of the SatBałtyk project are to be achieved by the end of 2014, i.e. during a period of 60 months. These two papers present the results obtained during the first 15 months of the project. Part 1 of this series of articles contains the assumptions, objectives and a description of the most important stages in the history of our research, which constitute the foundation of the current project. It also discusses the way in which SatBałtyk functions and the scheme of its overall operations system. The second article (Part 2), will discuss some aspects of its practical applicability in the satellite monitoring of the Baltic ecosystem (see Woźniak et al. (2011) in this issue).
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    SatBaltyk – A Baltic environmental satellite remote sensing system – an ongoing project in Poland. Part 2: Practical applicability and preliminary results
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, B.
    Bradtke, K.
    Darecki, M.
    Dera, J.
    Dudzinska-Nowak, J.
    Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, L.
    Ficek, D.
    Furmanczyk, K.
    Kowalewski, M.
    Krezel, A.
    Majchrowski, R.
    Ostrowska, M.
    Paszkuta, M.
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Stramska, M.
    Zapadka, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48019.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Baltic ecosystem
    Baltic Sea
    energy influx
    irradiance condition
    marine optics
    photosynthesis
    plant community
    Polska
    practical application
    preliminary result
    radiation balance
    remote sensing
    SatBaltyk project
    satellite monitoring
    sea surface
    solar energy
    Opis:
    This paper is the second part of the description of the first stage of the SatBałtyk project’s implementation. Part 1 (Woźniak et al. 2011, in this issue) presents the assumptions and objectives of SatBałtyk and describes the most important stages in the history of our research, which is the foundation of this project. It also discusses the operation and general structure of the SatBałtyk system. Part 2 addresses various aspects of the practical applicability of the SatBałtyk Operational System to Baltic ecosystem monitoring. Examples are given of the Baltic’s characteristics estimated using the preliminary versions of the algorithms in this Operational System. At the current stage of research, these algorithms apply mainly to the characteristics of the solar energy influx and the distribution of this energy among the various processes taking place in the atmosphere-sea system, and also to the radiation balance of the sea surface, the irradiance conditions for photosynthesis and the condition of plant communities in the water, sea surface temperature distributions and some other marine phenomena correlated with this temperature. Monitoring results obtained with these preliminary algorithms are exemplified in the form of distribution maps of selected abiotic parameters of the Baltic, as well as structural and functional characteristics of this ecosystem governed by these parameters in the Baltic’s many basins. The maps cover practically the whole area of the Baltic Sea. Also given are results of preliminary inspections of the accuracy of the magnitudes shown on the maps. In actual fact, the errors of these estimates are relatively small. The further practical application of this set of algorithms (to be gradually made more specific) is therefore entirely justified as the basis of the SatBałtyk system for the effective operational monitoring of the state and functioning of Baltic ecosystems. This article also outlines the plans for extending SatBałtyk to include the recording of the effects and hazards caused by current and expected storm events in the Polish coastal zone.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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