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Tytuł:
Quantum yield of photosynthesis in the Baltic: a new mathematical expression for remote sensing applications
Autorzy:
Wozniak, B.
Ficek, D.
Ostrowska, M.
Majchrowski, R.
Dera, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49078.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
remote sensing
application
phytoplankton photosynthesis
photosynthesis quantum yield
Baltic Sea
Opis:
Statistical relationships between the quantum yield of photosynthesis Φ and selected environmental factors in the Baltic have been established on the basis of a large quantity of empirical data. The model formula is the product of the theoretical maximum quantum yield ΦMAX =0.125 atomC quantum−1 and five dimensionless factors fi taking values from 0 do 1: Φ = ΦMAXfa fΔ fc(Ca(0)) fc(PARinh) fE, t. To a sufficiently good approximation, each of these factors fi appears to be dependent on one or at most two environmental factors, such as temperature, underwater irradiance, surface concentration of chlorophyll a, absorption properties of phytoplankton and optical depth. These dependences have been determined for Baltic Case 2 waters. The quantum yield Φ, calculated from known values of these environmental factors, is then applicable in the model algorithm for the remote sensing of Baltic primary production. The statistical error of the approximate quantum yields Φ is 62%.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laboratory measurements of remote sensing reflectance of selected phytoplankton species from the Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Soja-Wozniak, M.
Darecki, M.
Wojtasiewicz, B.
Bradtke, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47866.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
remote sensing
reflectance
phytoplankton
diatom
Cyclotella meneghiniana
Skeletonema marinoi
Cyanoprokaryota
Dolichospermum
Nodularia spumigena
Synechococcus
Baltic Sea
Opis:
Results of unique laboratory measurements of remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) of several phytoplankton species typically occurring in high abundances in the Baltic Sea waters are presented. Reflectance spectra for diatoms: Cyclotella meneghiniana and Skeletonema marinoi and Dolichospermum sp., Nodularia spumigena and sp. were analysed in terms of assessment of their characteristic features and the differences between them. These species contain similar pigments, which results in general similarities of reflectance spectra, i.e. decrease of reflectance magnitude in the blue and red spectrum regions. However, hyper-spectral resolution of optical measurements let us find differences between optical signatures of diatoms and cyanobacteria groups and between species belonging to one group as well. These differences are reflected in location of local maxima and minima in the reflectance spectrum and changes in relative height of characteristic peaks with changes of phytoplankton concentration. Wide ranges of phytoplankton concentrations were analysed in order to show the persistence of Rrs characteristic features. The picoplankton species, Synechococcus sp. show the most distinct optical signature, which let to distinguish separate cluster in hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The results can be used to calibrate input data into radiative transfer model, e.g. phase function or to validate modelled Rrs spectra.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2018, 60, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remote sensing reflectance of Pomeranian lakes and the Baltic
Autorzy:
Ficek, D.
Zapadka, T.
Dera, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47858.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
Baltic Sea
chlorophyll a
coloured dissolved organic matter
optical property
optically active component
organic matter
phytoplankton pigment
pigment
Pomeranian lake
reflectance
remote sensing
suspended particulate matter
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Light absorption by phytoplankton in the Southern Baltic and Pomeranian lakes: mathematical expressions for remote sensing applications
Autorzy:
Meler, J.
Ostrowska, M.
Ficek, D.
Zdun, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
light absorption
phytoplankton
absorption property
surface water
Baltic Sea
Pomeranian lake
photosynthetic pigment
chlorophyll a
remote sensing
Opis:
The absorption properties of phytoplankton in surface waters of the Baltic Sea and coastal lakes are examined in the context of their relationships with the concentration of the main photosynthetic pigment, chlorophyll a. The analysis covers 425 sets of spectra of light absorption coefficients aph(l) and chlorophyll a concentrations Chla measured in 2006—2009 in various waters of the Baltic Sea (open and coastal waters, the Gulf of Gdańsk and the Pomeranian Bay, river mouths and the Szczecin Lagoon), as well as in three lakes in Pomerania, Poland (Obłęskie, Łebsko and Chotkowskie). In these waters the specific (i.e. normalized with respect to Chla) light absorption coefficient of phytoplankton aph *(l) varies over wide ranges, which differ according to wavelength. For example, aph *(440) takes values from 0.014 to 0.124 mg1 m2, but aph *(675) from 0.008 to 0.067 mg1 m2, whereby Chla ranges from 0.8 to 120 mg m3. From this analysis a mathematical description has been produced of the specific light absorption coefficient of phytoplankton aph *(l), based on which the dynamics of its variability in these waters and the absorption spectra in the 400—700 nm interval can be reconstructed with a low level of uncertainty (arithmetic statistical error: 4.09—10.21%, systematic error: 29.63—51.37%). The relationships derived here are applicable in local remote sensing algorithms used for monitoring the Baltic Sea and coastal lakes and can substantially improve the accuracy of the remotely determined optical and biogeochemical characteristics of these waters.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2017, 59, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remote sensing of vertical phytoplankton pigment distributions in the Baltic: new mathematical expressions. Part 1: Total chlorophyll a distribution
Autorzy:
Ostrowska, M.
Majchrowski, R.
Ston-Egiert, J.
Wozniak, B.
Ficek, D.
Dera, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47972.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
remote sensing
phytoplankton pigment
chlorophyll a
vertical distribution
concentration
Baltic Sea
distribution
Opis:
This article is the first in a series of three describing the modelling of the vertical different photosynthetic and photoprotecting phytoplankton pigments concentration distributions in the Baltic and their interrelations described by the so-called non-photosynthetic pigment factor. The model formulas yielded by this research are an integral part of the algorithms used in the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem. Algorithms of this kind have already been developed by our team from data relating mainly to oceanic Case 1 waters (WC1) and have produced good results for these waters. But their application to Baltic waters, i.e., Case 2 waters, was not so successful. On the basis of empirical data for the Baltic Sea, we therefore derived new mathematical expressions for the spatial distribution of Baltic phytoplankton pigments. They are discussed in this series of articles. This first article presents a statistical model for determining the total concentration of chlorophyll a (i.e., the sum of chlorophylls a+pheo derived spectrophotometrically) at different depths in the Baltic Sea Ca(z) on the basis of its surface concentration Ca(0), which can be determined by remote sensing. This model accounts for the principal features of the vertical distributions of chlorophyll concentrations characteristic of the Baltic Sea. The model’s precision was verified empirically: it was found suitable for application in the efficient monitoring of the Baltic Sea. The modified mathematical descriptions of the concentrations of accessory pigments (photosynthetic and photoprotecting) in Baltic phytoplankton and selected relationships between them are given in the other two articles in this series (Majchrowski et al. 2007, Woźniak et al. 2007b, both in this volume).
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remote-sensing observations of coastal sub-mesoscale eddies in the South-Eastern Baltic
Autorzy:
Gurova, E.
Chubarenko, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47699.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
remote sensing
submesoscale eddy
coastal zone
Baltic Sea
MODIS satellite image
ASAR satellite image
orography
bottom topography
erosion
oil-field platform
turbidity
coastal water
coloured dissolved organic matter
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2012, 54, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In situ measurements and satellite remote sensing of case 2 waters: first results from the Curonian Lagoon
Autorzy:
Giardino, C.
Bresciani, M.
Pilkaityte, R.
Bartoli, M.
Razinkovas, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48042.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
satellite remote sensing
satellite image
water
Curonian Lagoon
eutrophication
calibration
validation
eutrophic ecosystem
aquatic ecosystem
Baltic Sea
Opis:
In this study we present calibration/validation activities associated with satellite MERIS image processing and aimed at estimating chl a and CDOM in the Curonian Lagoon. Field data were used to validate the performances of two atmospheric correction algorithms, to build a band-ratio algorithm for chl a and to validate MERIS-derived maps. The neural network-based Case 2 Regional processor was found suitable for mapping CDOM; for chl a the band-ratio algorithm applied to image data corrected with the 6S code was found more appropriate. Maps were in agreement with in situ measurements. This study confirmed the importance of atmospheric correction to estimate water quality and demonstrated the usefulness of MERIS in investigating eutrophic aquatic ecosystems.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 2; 197-210
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simple statistical formulas for estimating biogeochemical properties of suspended particulate matter in the Southern Baltic Sea potentially useful for optical remote sensing applications
Autorzy:
Wozniak, S.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47701.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
biogeochemical property
suspended particulate matter
particulate organic carbon
inherent optical property
chlorophyll a
light absorption
backscattering coefficient
remote sensing
Baltic Sea
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2014, 56, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remote sensing of vertical phytoplankton pigment distributions in the Baltic: new mathematical expressions. Part 3: Non-phytosynthetic pigment absorption factor
Autorzy:
Wozniak, B.
Majchrowski, R.
Ostrowska, M.
Ficek, D.
Kunicka, J.
Dera, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
remote sensing
pigment distribution
phytoplankton pigment
vertical distribution
non-photosynthetic pigment absorption
Baltic Sea
Opis:
This paper, part 3 of the description of vertical pigment distributions in the Baltic Sea, discusses the mathematical expression enabling the vertical distributions of the non-photosynthetic pigment absorption factor fa to be estimated. The factor fa is directly related to concentrations of the several groups of phytoplankton pigments and describes quantitatively the ratio of the light energy absorbed at given depths by photosynthetic pigments to the light energy absorbed by all the phytoplankton pigments together (photosynthetic and photoprotecting). Knowledge of this factor is highly desirable in the construction of state-of-the-art ‘light-photosynthesis’ models for remote-sensing purposes. The expression enables fa to be estimated with considerable precision on the basis of two surface parameters (available from satellite observations): the total chlorophyll a concentration at the surface Ca(0) and the spectral downward irradiance Ed(λ, 0) just below the sea surface. The expression is applicable to Baltic waters from the surface down to an optical depth of τ ≈5. The verification of the model description of fa was based on 400 quasi-empirical values of this factor which were calculated on the basis of empirical values of the following parameters measured at the same depths: Ed(λ, z) (or also PAR(z)), apl(λ, z), and the concentrations of all the groups of phytoplankton pigments Ca(z) and Cj(z) (where j denotes in turn chl b, chl c, PSC, phyc, PPC). The verification shows that the errors in the values of the non-photosynthetic pigment absorption factor fa estimated using the model developed in this work are small: in practice they do not exceed 4%. Besides the mathematical description of the vertical distribution of fa, this paper also discusses the range of variation of its values measured in the Baltic and its dependence on the trophic index of a basin and depth in the sea. In addition, the similarities and differences in the behaviour of fa in Baltic and oceanic basins are compared.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remote sensing of vertical phytoplankton pigment distributions in the Baltic: new mathematical expressions. Part 2: Accessory pigment distribution
Autorzy:
Majchrowski, R.
Ston-Egiert, J.
Ostrowska, M.
Wozniak, B.
Ficek, D.
Lednicka, B.
Dera, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
remote sensing
accessory pigment concentration
pigment distribution
chlorophyll a
phytoplankton pigment
vertical distribution
Baltic Sea
marine ecosystem
distribution
Opis:
This is the second in a series of articles, the aim of which is to derive mathematical expressions describing the vertical distributions of the concentrations of different groups of phytoplankton pigments; these expressions are necessary in the algorithms for the remote sensing of the marine ecosystem. It presents formulas for the vertical profiles of the following groups of accessory phytoplankton pigments: chlorophylls b, chlorophylls c, phycobilins, photosynthetic carotenoids and photoprotecting carotenoids, all for the uppermost layer of water in the Baltic Sea with an optical depth of τ ≈ 5. The mathematical expressions for the first four of these five groups of pigments, classified as photosynthetic pigments, enable their concentrations to be estimated at different optical depths in the sea from known surface concentrations of chlorophyll a. The precision of these estimates is characterised by the following relative statistical errors according to logarithmic statistics σ−: approximately 44% for chlorophyll b, approx. 39% for chlorophyll c, approx. 43% for phycobilins and approx. 45% for photosynthetic carotenoids. On the other hand, the mathematical expressions describing the vertical distributions of photoprotecting carotenoid concentrations enable these to be estimated at different depths in the sea also from known surface concentrations of chlorophyll a, but additionally from known values of the irradiance in the PAR spectral range at the sea surface, with a statistical error σ− of approximately 42%
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Testing the performance of empirical remote sensing algorithms in the Baltic Sea waters with modelled and in situ reflectance data
Autorzy:
Ligi, M.
Kutser, T.
Kallio, K.
Attila, J.
Koponen, S.
Paavel, B.
Soomets, T.
Reinart, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48045.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
remote sensing
algorithm
Baltic Sea
coastal water
chlorophyll a
optical property
phytoplankton assemblage
water reflectance
Opis:
Remote sensing studies published up to now show that the performance of empirical (band-ratio type) algorithms in different parts of the Baltic Sea is highly variable. Best performing algorithms are different in the different regions of the Baltic Sea. Moreover, there is indication that the algorithms have to be seasonal as the optical properties of phytoplankton assemblages dominating in spring and summer are different. We modelled 15,600 reflectance spectra using HydroLight radiative transfer model to test 58 previously published empirical algorithms. 7200 of the spectra were modelled using specific inherent optical properties (SIOPs) of the open parts of the Baltic Sea in summer and 8400 with SIOPs of spring season. Concentration range of chlorophyll-a, coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and suspended matter used in the model simulations were based on the actually measured values available in literature. For each optically active constituent we added one concentration below actually measured minimum and one concentration above the actually measured maximum value in order to test the performance of the algorithms in wider range. 77 in situ reflectance spectra from rocky (Sweden) and sandy (Estonia, Latvia) coastal areas were used to evaluate the performance of the algorithms also in coastal waters. Seasonal differences in the algorithm performance were confirmed but we found also algorithms that can be used in both spring and summer conditions. The algorithms that use bands available on OLCI, launched in February 2016, are highlighted as this sensor will be available for Baltic Sea monitoring for coming decades.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2017, 59, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Validation of empirical and semi-analytical remote sensing algorithms for estimating absorption by Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter in the Baltic Sea from SeaWiFS and MODIS imagery
Autorzy:
Kowalczuk, P.
Darecki, M.
Zablocka, M.
Gorecka, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47876.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
validation
remote sensing
Ocean colour
satellite validation
coloured dissolved organic matter
organic matter
absorption
Baltic Sea
Gdansk Gulf
Vistula River
Opis:
An extensive bio-optical data set obtained from field measurements was used to evaluate the performance of an empirical (Kowalczuk et al. 2005) and two semi- analytical algorithms: Carder et al. (1999) and GSM01 (Maritorena et al. 2002) for estimating CDOM absorption in the Baltic Sea. The data set includes coincident measurements of radiometric quantities and absorption coefficients of CDOM made during 43 cruises between 2000 and 2008. In the first stage of the analysis, the accuracy of the empirical algorithm by Kowalczuk et al. (2005) was assessed using in situ measurements of remote sensing reflectance. Validation results improved when matching points located in Gulf of Gdańsk close to the Vistula River mouth were eliminated from the data set. The calculated errors in the estimation of aCDOM(400) in the first phase of the analysis were Bias = −0.02, RMSE = 0.46 and R2 = 0.70. In the second stage, the empirical algorithm was tested on satellite data from SeaWiFS and MODIS imagery. The satellite data were corrected atmospherically with the MUMM algorithm designed for turbid coastal and inland waters and implemented in the SeaDAS software. The results of the best case scenario for estimating the CDOM absorption coefficient aCDOM(400), based on SeaWiFS data, were Bias = −0.02, RMSE = 0.23 and R2 = 0.40. The validation of the Kowalczuk et al. (2005) empirical algorithm applied to MODIS data led to a less accurate estimate of aCDOM(400): Bias = −0.03, RMSE = 0.19 and R2 = 0.29. This assessment of the accuracy of standard semi-analytical algorithms available in the SeaWiFS and MODIS imagery processing software revealed that both algorithms (GSM 01 and Carder) underestimate CDOM absorption in the Baltic Sea with mean systematic and random errors in excess of 70%. The paper presents examples of the application of the Kowalczuk et al. (2005) empirical algorithm for producing maps of the seasonal distribution of aCDOM(400) in the Baltic Sea between 2004 and 2008.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 2; 171-196
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring the effect of upwelling on the chlorophyll a distribution in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) using remote sensing and in situ data
Autorzy:
Uiboupin, R.
Laanemets, J.
Sipelgas, L.
Raag, L.
Lips, I.
Buhhalko, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
spatio-temporal variability
chlorophyll a
distribution
variability
upwelling
Baltic Sea
Finland Gulf
sea surface temperature
remote sensing
spatial distribution
ecological status
satellite image
Opis:
The spatio-temporal variability of chlorophyl a (Chl a) caused by a sequence of upwelling events in the Gulf of Finland in July–August 2006 was studied using remote sensing data and field measurements. Spatial distributions of sea surface temperature (SST) and Chl a concentration were examined using MODIS and MERIS data respectively. The MERIS data were processed with an algorithm developed by the Free University of Berlin (FUB) for case 2 waters. Evaluation of MERIS Chl a versus in situ Chl a showed good correlation (r2 = 0.67), but the concentration was underestimated. The linear regression for a 2 h window was applied to calibrate MERIS Chl a. The spatio-temporal variability exhibited the clear influence of upwelling events and related filaments on Chl a distribution in the western and central Gulf. The lowest Chl a concentrations were recorded in the upwelled water, especially at the upwelling centres, and the highest concentrations (13 mg m−3) were observed about two weeks after the upwelling peak along the northern coast. The areas along the northern coast of upwelled water (4879 km2) on the SST map, and increased Chl a (5526 km2) two weeks later, were roughly coincident. The effect of upwelling events was weak in the eastern part of the Gulf, where Chl a concentration was relatively consistent throughout this period.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2012, 54, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
SeaWiFS-derived products in the Baltic Sea: performance analysis of a simple atmospheric correction algorithm
Autorzy:
Bulgarelli, B.
Melin, F.
Zibordi, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47664.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
ocean colour
remote sensing
accuracy analysis
Baltic Sea
atmospheric correction
Opis:
The accuracyan alysis of an approximate atmospheric correction algorithm for the processing of SeaWiFS data has been investigated for the Baltic Sea. The analysis made use of theoretical radiances produced with the FEM radiative transfer code for representative atmosphere-water test cases. The studysho wed uncertainties in the determination of the aerosol optical thickness at 865 nm and of the ˚Angstr¨om exponent lower than ±5% and ±10%, respectively. These results were confirmed bythe analysis of 59 match-ups between satellite-derived and in situ measurements for a site located in the central Baltic. Because of the relativelyhig h yellow substance absorption, often combined with the slanted solar illumination, the retrieval of the water-leaving radiance in the blue part of the spectrum appeared to be highlyd egraded, to the extent that almost no correlation was found between retrieved and simulated values. Better results were obtained at the other wavelengths. The accuracyin the estimation of the remote sensing reflectance ratio R35 decreased with diminishing chlorophyll a concentration and increasing yellow substance absorption, ranging between ±7% and ±47%. The propagation of R35 uncertainties on chlorophyll a estimation was quantified. Keeping the same atmosphere-water conditions, the atmospheric correction scheme appeared sensitive to seasonal changes in the Sun zenith.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2003, 45, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A simple model of light transmission through the atmosphere over the Baltic Sea utilising satellite data
Autorzy:
Krezel, A.
Kozlowski, L.
Paszkuta, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48356.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
sea surface
Baltic Sea
solar energy
atmosphere
light transmission
satellite remote sensing
aerosol optical thickness
Opis:
A simple spectral model of solar energy input to the sea surface was extended to incorporate space-borne data. The extension involved finding a method of determining aerosol optical thickness (on the basis of AVHRR data) and the influence of cloudiness (on the basis of METEOSAT data) on the solar energy flux. The algorithm for satellite data assimilation involves the analysis of satellite images from the point of view of cloud identification and their classification with respect to light transmission. Solar energy input values measured at the Earth’s surface by traditional methods were used to calibrate and validate the model. Preliminary evaluation of the results indicates a substantial improvement in the accuracy of estimates of solar energy input to the sea surface in relation to models utilising only traditionally obtained data on the state of the atmosphere.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 2; 125-146
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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