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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Redefining the Sociological Paradigm: Emile Durkheim and the Scientific Study of Morality
    Autorzy:
    Prus, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623493.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Emile Durkheim
    Theory
    Sociology
    Morality
    Pragmatism
    German Social Realism
    Wilhelm Wundt
    Ethics
    Folk Psychology
    Aristotle
    History
    Symbolic Interaction
    Opis:
    Whereas Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) has long been envisioned as a structuralist, quantitative, and positivist sociologist, some materials that Durkheim produced in the later stages of his career-namely, Moral Education (1961 [1902-1903]), The Evolution of Educational Thought (1977 [1904-1905]), The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (1915 [1912]), and Pragmatism and Sociology (1983 [1913-1914]) attest to a very different conception of sociology-one with particular relevance to the study of human knowing, acting, and interchange. Although scarcely known in the social sciences, Emile Durkheim’s (1993 [1887]) “La Science Positive de la Morale en Allemagne” [“The Scientific Study of Morality in Germany”] is an exceptionally important statement for establishing the base of much of Durkheim’s subsequent social thought and for comprehending the field of sociology more generally. This includes the structuralist-pragmatist divide and the more distinctively humanist approach to the study of community life that Durkheim most visibly develops later (1961 [1902-1903]; 1977 [1904-1905]; 1915 [1912]; 1983 [1913-1914]) in his career.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2019, 15, 1; 6-34
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Siódme: „Nie kradnij”. O średniowiecznym odkrywaniu rynku na marginesie książki Paola Prodiego
    “Seventh: You shall not steal” – notes on the medieval „discovering” of the market in the margin of Paulo Prodi’s book
    Autorzy:
    Bukała, Marcin W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075798.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    rynek
    forum
    VII Przykazanie
    kradzież
    Paolo Prodi
    Średniowiecze
    cywilizacja Zachodu
    Arystoteles
    Franciszek Accursius
    Rajmund z Penyafort
    Klarus z Florencji
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    Max Weber
    historia
    historia idei
    etyka
    teologia
    forum sumienia
    prawo
    prawo kanoniczne
    etyka gospodarcza
    idee ekonomiczne scholastyków
    kupiectwo
    władza ekonomiczna
    słuszna cena
    powszechne oszacowanie
    dobro wspólne (bonum commune)
    market
    VII Commandment
    theft
    Middle Ages
    civilisation of the West
    Aristotle
    Francis Accursius
    Raymond of Penyafort
    Clarus of Florence
    Thomas Aquinas
    history
    history of ideas
    ethics
    theology
    forum of conscience
    law
    canon law
    ethics of economic life
    scholastic economic ideas
    merchants
    economic power
    just price
    common estimation
    common good (bonum commune)
    Opis:
    In the article, the topic of the medieval „discovering” of the market is discussed, with the references to the Paolo Prodis’ book Settimo non rubare. Furto e mercato nella storia dell’Occidente. The author of the book, following Harold Berman, finds the changes in the 11th and 12th century Church, as the decisive mile stones in the development of the civilization of Western Christianity. The mentioned „papal revolution” led to the historical distinction between the spiritual and the political sphere, and later, to the autonomy of economic one. Accordingly, the Italian historian rejects the thesis that Enlightenment was the new beginning in the European history. In the P. Prodi’s analysis, the Latin term forum plays the crucial role. The word signified the place, square, especially the place where court proceedings occurred. Therefore, in the later abstract sense forum signified criteria or rules of judgement: both in the juridical meaning (forum civile, f. canonico, f. consciantiae), and the economic one, in which forum meant exactly „the market”. The “discovering” of the market rules was a consequence the development of the theoretical reasoning about mercantile activity. It was essentially related to the concepts of the just price (iustum pretium) and the common estimation (communis aestimatio). According to P. Prodi the common character of the estimation was of essential importance, as well as the new version of the Roman rule Res tantum valet, quantum vendi potest, with the medevial addendum: scilicet communiter. The author criticised the view, that the process of defining of the market was mainly the result of reception of Aristotelian Ethics and Politics. He underlined that in the penitential handbooks of the 12th and 13th century the focus was significantly shifted from the vice of avarice to the commandment „You shall not steal”; moreover the significant violation of the rules of fair market exchange begun to be considered as a sin against this commandment. In the article, the significance of the application of the notion forum commune by Thomas Aquinas (in the treatise on credit sale) was underlined. The interconnection between the concept of the market and the idea of common good was expressed in the juxtaposition of terms: forum commune – bonum commune. M. W. Bukała observes that the thesis about the limited influence of Aristotelian thought on the examined issue can be additionally confirmed by the analysis of the Article on mercantile profit in Summa Theologiae by St. Thomas (II-II, q. 77, a. 4), where Aquinas distances himself from the Philosopher’s view. The P. Prodi discourses were amended by the significant distinction: not every violation of ethics of economic life was considered as the theft by the medieval moralists – e.g.: the determinatio of the casus of buying grain with the deferred delivery for an undercut price, in canon „Naviganti” (X 5.5.19, 2do), and in the related comments of the 13th century canonist, Clarus Florentinus. Moreover, the Jacques Le Goff’s critique of the Prodi’s approach was undermined.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2018, 7; 177-192
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metateoria historii woli. Rozważania o powstaniu i wczesnym rozwoju pojęcia woli od V w p.n.e. do Maksyma Wyznawcy
    Metatheory of a History of Will: Reflections on the Origins and Early Development of the Notion of the Will from the 5th Century B.C. to Maximus the Confessor
    Autorzy:
    Bizoń, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/488160.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    wolna wola
    etyka
    psychologia moralna
    wybór
    przyzwoleni
    wolność
    Platon
    Arystoteles
    Stoicy
    Epikur
    Aleksander z Afrodyzji
    Augustyn z Hippony
    Maksym Wyznawca
    free will
    ethics
    moral psychology
    choice
    consent
    freedom
    Plato
    Aristotle
    Stoics
    Epicurus
    Alexander of Aphrodisias
    Augustine of Hippo
    Maximus the Confessor
    Opis:
    W tekście omawiam metateoretyczne uwarunkowania dla historii powstania i rozwoju pojęcia wolnej woli. Punktem wyjścia jest zagadnienie pojęcia spekulatywnego. Ponieważ wola jest pojęciem spekulatywnym, nie ma jednoznacznej definicji tego pojęcia. Dlatego też utrudnione jest badanie jego historii, ponieważ autorzy starożytni operowali różnymi teoriami chcenia i wolności, które nie zawsze były ze sobą kompatybilne. Następnie omawiam teorie chcenia i działania wybranych autorów, które miały istotny wpływ na późniejszy rozwój pojęcia woli. Rozpatruję pojęcie wyboru Platona, pojęcia życzenia i wyboru Arystotelesa, pojęcie przyzwolenia stoików, teorię wolności Epikura, teorię wyboru Aleksandra z Afrodyzji, pojęcie woli Augustyna z Hippony i teorię woli Maksyma Wyznawcy.
    In the text, I discuss the metatheoretical aspects of a history of the origins and development of the notion of free will. I begin with the notion of a speculative concept. Since the will is a speculative concept there is no unequivocal definition of this notion. For this reason the study of the history of this notion is particularly difficult, since ancient authors have operated on different theories of willing and freedom, which were not always mutually compatible. Next, I discuss the theories of willing and action of select authors, that had a significant influence on the later development of the theory of the will. I discuss the notion of choice in Plato, the notions of wish and choice in Aristotle, the notion of assent in the Stoics, the theory of freedom of Epicurus, the theory of choice of Alexander of Aphrodisias, the concept of will in Augustine of Hippo, and the theory of will in Maximus the Confessor.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2017, 65, 3; 71-51
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Auctoritates ethicorum Jana z Ząbkowic († 1446): autor, charakter tekstu i wykorzystane źródła (od „translacio arabica” do Akwinaty)
    Auctoritates ethicorum by John of Ząbkowice († 1446): the author, the features of the text, the quoted sources (from „translacio arabica” to Aquinas)
    Autorzy:
    Bukała, Marcin W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/5955941.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    Jan z Ząbkowic
    Arystoteles
    Etyka nikomachejska
    Auctoritates ethicorum
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    Albert Wielki
    Herman Niemiec
    Summa Alexandrinorum
    historia filozofii średniowiecznej
    XV wiek
    dominikanie
    wrocławski klasztor dominikański
    John of Ząbkowice
    Aristotle
    Nicomachean Ethics
    Thomas Aquinas
    Albert the Great
    Herman of Germany
    Dominicans
    history of medieval philosophy
    15th century
    Wrocław Dominican monastery
    Opis:
    The article is dedicated to the abbreviation of Nicomachean ethics written by Wrocław Dominican John of Ząbkowice (in manuscripts: „Johannes de Franckenstein”). The text, titled Auctoritates ethicorum, is preserved in only one manuscript – Wrocław, Bibl. Univ. Wrocł., ms. IV Q 52, scriptum per manus Johannis de Franckenstein – together with Auctoritates politicorum, Auctoritates yconomicorum and Auctoritates rethoricorum. The authorship of the texts is not certain, but in the previous works of histo-rians it is attributed to John (that thesis is followed also by Ch. Lohr listing the Aristotelian medieval commentaries, and by T. Kaeppeli in his compendium on the medieval Dominican scriptores). Only the part of Auctoritates ethicorum has been edited so far: the fragment, concerning the geometrical model of economic exchange and nature of money from the Book V. The author of the article published it in his book Zagadnienia ekonomiczne w nauczaniu wrocławskiej szkoły dominikańskiej w późnym średniowieczu (Wrocław 2004); this fragment was later referred in details also in the book of the same author: „Oeco-nomica mediaevalia” of Wrocław Dominicans. Library and Studies of Friars, and Ethical-Economic Ideas: the Example from Silesia (Spoleto 2010). The sources of the text of Auctoritates ethicorum are the following: translatio Lincoliensis of the Aristotelian text, Sententia libri ethicorum by Thomas Aquinas, paraphrasis of Ethica by Albertus Magnus, and Summa Alexandrinorum (called translacio arabica). The fragments of the Book IV and Book V, described in the article, shed light on the method applied in the Auctoritates. Summa Alexandrinorum is quoted in the description of the virtue of liberalitas. Writing about diversity of artes and occupations the author cites Albertus Magnus, quoting after him the sentence delivered from Michael Ephesius, erroneously attributed to Eustratius by Albert. However, the Albertinian reference to the role of compensation of labores and expensa is omitted. The author of the Auctoritates refers mainly to points the common to St. Thomas and St. Albert.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2022, 11; 211-225
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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