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Tytuł:
THE EUROPEANIZATION OF THE POLISH SAFETY POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF ITS PARTICIPATION IN NATIONAL ARMED MILITARY FORCES MISSIONS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Autorzy:
Hoffmann, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Europeanization
policy safety
the European Union
Opis:
The participation of Poland in the Union’s military missions was dictated by a conviction about the need of a common, solidary cooperation in solving problems on a local, as well as international level, especially in the situation, when local issues could transform into a problem of a wider, so regional or global nature. Ensuring a state’s safety and strengthening of the position of Poland on the international arena, as constant purposes of our national policy, required joining in any international initiatives that were supposed to serve as a realization of strategic national aims. Due to the fact that different processes and phenomena happening in surroundings, regions and in the world influenced by the Polish safety, Poland had to actively participate in these actions. The active membership of Poland in foreign missions had been creating conditions that favor economical development and a progress of civilization. The participation in missions lead under the aegis of the European Union was also a realization of allied commitments and they were the one to constitute the credibility of Poland. The participation of Poland in the Common Security and Defence Policy can be divided into two periods. The first once embraces a time, when Poland was not a member of the European Union and, to be honest, its participation in a decisive process under the CSDP had more of a personal nature of engagement into lead missions. Therefore, Poland activated its military forces in military operations, as well as civilian ones, of which there were more. A second period is the time after 2004, when Poland had become a member of the European Union. In this case, we had a formal right to participate or make decisions ands not to participate in certain initiatives of the European Union. In operations that had national forces involved, it is possible to notice happening there processes of the Europeanization. Generally, they were based on taking over soft regulation aspects elaborated on a Union’s level and implementing them in actions of Polish organizations. Even though under the CSDP decisions were made and are made in an intergovernmental way, in situations when Poland participated in operations lead by the European Union, it has always adjusted to the dictate of Brussels. It resulted from an operational, organizational and logistic subordination of the Polish Military Contingent. To sum up, it can be assumed that even in a policy considered as a field with many flaws, there still are ongoing processes of Europeanization based on taking over elements of soft laws and in some cases – hard regulations as well. In this context, Polish armed forces received some “best practices”, learnt to act in completely different conditions and fields that made their adjustments and taking over good practices have some kind of a socialization nature.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2014, 43; 108-121
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Essence, Premises and Perspectives of Modernisation of the European Union
Autorzy:
Fiszer, Józef M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2023544.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
modernisation of policy
the European Union
Opis:
Modernisation of the European Union or just another modifi cation? Such a dilemma appears regularly during all inter-governmental conferences, specially before and after approving another revision treaty for the European Union. To answer such a question, fi rst the essence and meaning of these terms has to be explained, and to do so, the best option is to refer to their etymology. And so, according to the PWN “Dictionary of Foreign Words”, ‘modification’ »latin modification = measuring« is a change, transformation, remake; a modifi ed object, while ‘modernisation’ »fr. moderne = modern« is making something modern or making something contemporary’. Therefore, modernisation shall mean a broader and deeper process, these are actions leading to radical transformations and changes as compared to modifi cation, which usually precedes modernisation. It may then be said that as far as the European Union is concerned, commencing from its origination by the Maastricht treaty of 7th February 1992 till the latest revision treaty, i.e. the Lisbon treaty which became eff ective on 1st December 2009, we only witnessed its successive (permanent) modifi cation, that is slow transformations which were generally named extension and enhancement processes. Today, after nearly twenty years of remakes and use, the European Union needs not only a radical overhaul but rather modernisation, meaning its update and adapting to contemporary times. Today, the European Union requires adaptation to challenges and requirements of the 21st century determined by acceleration and globalisation progressing within all spheres of life.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2012, 41; 307-322
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
European Federation as a Systemic Response to the Crisis of Leadership in Europe?
Autorzy:
Ociepa, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
the European Union
European federation
European identity
globalization
Opis:
The idea of European federation keeps recurring in politicians’ and intellectuals’ discourses on the future of the European Union. The logic of global rivalry of “large territories” favors this in particular, as it somehow forces Europe’s states to enter into a tighter integration if they want to realize their politics. The biggest challenge which the Union faces is the problem of leadership, understood both in the context of internal policy and relationally towards the surrounding. The problem, however, is the diversity of the member states and the unrelenting tension between particular concern about a national interest and European universalism. European federation sensu stricto, just because of this diversity has still been a utopian project. The future of the European Union most probably lies in a new intermediate model, as unique as the European Commonwealths used to be in the 1950s.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2015, 44; 32-47
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE INFLUENCE OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY AND EU FUNDS ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT AFTER THE ACCESSION OF POLAND TO THE EUROPEAN UNION
Autorzy:
Rdzanek, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594482.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Common Agricultural Policy
Agriculture
the European Union
Opis:
The basic function of agricultural areas is, according to the European Charter for Rural Areas, agriculture and preservation of the natural environment based on a well-functioning agricultural sector that operates in harmony with nature. The Council Regulation (EC) 1257/1999 on support for rural development from the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee was adopted in 1999. The programmes that are currently binding in the territory of Poland were developed in accordance with the EU policy expressed in the abovementioned acts and other documents concerning development of rural areas. These included: the Rural Development Programme that focused on social and environmental aspects, as well as a part of the Sectoral Operational Programme devoted to the development of rural areas, as well as restructuring and modernization of the food sector. Based on the priorities of the Council regulation, two strategic objectives have been set: 1) Improvement of competitiveness of the agriculture and food economy, 2) Sustainable development of rural areas. Implementation of these objectives requires the support of the Common Agricultural Policy. Polish European Union membership contributed to setting its objectives and increasing the ability to subsidise economic entities, as well as develop both the food and rural areas economy.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2014, 43; 298-310
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
From a Conflict to Normalization? The Politics and Government of Vladimír Mečiar and Mikulas Dzurinda in Slovakia Towards the Republic of Hungary in 1993–2002
Od konfliktu do normalizacji? Polityka rządów Vladimíra Mečiara i Mikuláša Dzurindy na Słowacji wobec Republiki Węgierskiej w latach 1993–2002.
Autorzy:
Żarna, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2167521.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-08-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Slovakia
Hungary
the Hungarian minority
the European Union
Opis:
When analyzing the main problems in the bilateral Slovak-Hungarian relations in 1993–2002 it can be concluded that there were many barriers to an agreement in that period of time. Centuries-long Slovak dependence on Hungary increased the nationalistic tendencies among politicians and the Slovak society. Other factors that affected the mutual antipathy were provisions of the Treaty of Trianon, Benes Decrees, situation of Hungarian minority in Slovakia, the dispute over the dam on the Danube and the position of nationalist groups. The worst situation was during the rule of Vladimír Mečiar (1993–1998). This government’s actions met with a response from the Hungarian government, the European Union, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe and the Council of Europe. The consequence of this policy was the fact that Slovakia was not invited to the summit in Luxembourg (1997) to start negotiations with the EU. Similar situation happened in the context of the entry into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): while the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary were invited to become member in Madrid in 1997, Slovakia remained as an outsider. Mečiar’s regime was also a period of crisis within the Visegrad Group which could have claimed to solve many bilateral issues. It would seem that after the elections in 1998 and the regime change in Slovakia it could come to the normalization of mutual relations. An important prerequisite for doing so was a coalition government, which included the Slovak Hungarians or with the establishment of a mixed commission to solve the most urgent problems. Both countries were forced to work together to achieve the priority in foreign policy, which was to enter the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. For this purpose, the cooperation within the Visegrad Group was renewed. The question is whether it was this factor that caused the normalization of relations? It seems not. Both countries achieved their primary goal, and this cooperation was necessary. It does not change the fact that also during the Dzurinda government, there have been many frictions no longer directly associated with the activities of the government in Bratislava, but rather with the burden of the past. Another aspect was Viktor Orban’s former government in Hungary and the position of the extreme nationalist political parties.
Analizując główne problemy w bilateralnych relacjach słowacko- -węgierskich w latach 1993–2002 można dojść do wniosku, że barier na drodze do porozumienia było w analizowanym okresie bardzo wiele. Wielowiekowa zależność Słowaków od Węgrów spowodowała wzrost tendencji nacjonalistycznych wśród polityków i społeczeństwa słowackiego. Kolejnymi czynnikami, które wpływały na wzajemną niechęć były postanowienia traktatu w Trianon, Dekrety Beneša , sytuacja mniejszości węgierskiej na Słowacji, spór wokół zapory wodnej na Dunaju oraz stanowisko ugrupowań nacjonalistycznych. Najgorzej sytuacja przedstawiała się w okresie rządów Vladimíra Mečiara (1993–1998). Działania tego rządu spotkały się z reakcją ze strony rządu węgierskiego a także Unii Europejskiej, Organizacji Bezpieczeństwa i Współpracy w Europie oraz Rady Europy. Konsekwencją tej polityki był fakt, że Słowacja nie została zaproszona podczas szczytu w Luksemburgu (1997 r.) do rozpoczęcia negocjacji akcesyjnych z UE. Podobnie sytuacja przedstawiała się w kontekście wejścia do Sojuszu Północnoatlantyckiego: podczas gdy Czechy, Polska i Węgry zostały zaproszone do członkowska w Madrycie w 1997 r., Słowacja pozostała na marginesie. Rządy Mečiara to również okres kryzysu Grupy Wyszehradzkiej w ramach której mogłoby dochodzić do rozwiązywania wielu problemów bilateralnych. Wydawać by się mogło, że po wyborach 1998 r. i zmianie rządów na Słowacji dojdzie do normalizacji we wzajemnych stosunkach. Ważną ku temu przesłanką był skład koalicji rządowej, gdzie znaleźli się słowaccy Węgrzy czy powołanie mieszanych komisji mających rozwiązać najbardziej palące problemy. Oba państwa zmuszone były do współdziałania w celu osiągnięcia priorytetów w polityce zagranicznej, jakimi była chęć wejścia do Unią Europejską i Sojuszem Północnoatlantyckim. W tym też celu odnowiono współpracę w ramach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej. Powstaje pytanie, czy był to ten czynnik, który spowodował normalizację wzajemnych stosunków? Wydaje się, że nie. Oba państwa osiągnęły swój najważniejszy cel i do tego niezbędna była współpraca. Nie zmienia to faktu, że również w okresie rządów Dzurindy dochodziło do wielu zadrażnień nie związanych już bezpośrednio z posunięciami rządu w Bratysławie, ale raczej obciążeniami z przeszłości. Kolejnym aspektem były rządy na Węgrzech Viktora Orbana oraz stanowisko skrajnie nacjonalistycznych partii politycznych.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2011, 30; 164-178
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russia and the European Union’s new member states: their cooperation and rivalry in the field of energy
Autorzy:
Gardocki, Sylwester
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025297.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
energy policies
Russia
the European Union
international relations
Opis:
Relations between Russia and the European Union are particularly important in the sphere of the production, transmission and use of energy resources as it is in this field where Russia possesses its key strategic assets, and the European Union heavily relies on supplies of oil and natural gas from this country. Russia wants to be perceived as a superpower by the European Union countries and believes that having such a status will contribute to its further progress. In order to accomplish this goal it should take advantage of its superior position in the field of power industry. In the past, both in the times of czarism and the Soviet Union, Imperial Russia built its status as a world power primarily by using its military potential to expand its territory. We compare this tradition to Russia’s present attitude, the latter is undoubtedly less dangerous and it may become the basis for mutually advantageous cooperation.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2011, 40; 173-210
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CITIZENSHIP, MIGRATION, AND THE NATION-STATE: EXPLORING UK POLICY RESPONSES TO ROMANIAN AND BULGARIAN MIGRATION
Autorzy:
Yang, Jenny
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594745.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
migration
immigration policy
United Kingdom
the European Union
Opis:
Since 2004, the UK has enjoyed a decade of experience in managing migration from EU8 countries. This time around, how well founded are the fears that 2014 will see another ‘flood’ of migrants, on par with levels experienced in 2004? This essay argues that EU2 migration, from Romania and Bulgaria, will not be a repeat of 2004. To begin, this paper will examine the reasons why there was a twenty-fold discrepancy between official estimates of expected migrants following the 2004 enlargement. Then, by using Poland as a case study of typical migration flows after the 2004 migration period, this paper will show that— contrary to predictions based on standard migration theory— mass migration outflows in 2004 is not a good predictor of events to come in 2014. Among other factors, given that those who wanted to migrate to the UK from Romania and Bulgaria already have migrated pre-accession and more countries opened their labour markets in 2014 than they did in 2004, the UK is not likely to see a mass influx of Romanian and Bulgarian migrants as it did with those of Polish origin in 2004. However, like Polish migration, Romanian and Bulgarian migration will tend to be more circular and ‘fluid’.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2014, 43; 64-83
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of the European Union and democratisation process in post-communist Romania
Autorzy:
Bharti, Mukesh Shankar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2233972.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
The European Union
Eastern Europe
Romania
Democratisation
Institutions
Communism
Opis:
The fall of Communism in the Central and Eastern European countries in the year 1989, was a historical change had occurred after the demise of communism. The decline of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 was one of the most important proceedings of the period: the conclusive end of the Cold War and the Iron Curtain. After the disintegration of the former USSR, the Eastern bloc had started the modernisation of institutions and adopted the norms of democracy. The third wave of democratisation of Samuel P. Huntington’s theory would apply the democratic changes in Central and Eastern Europe and Romania as well. It traces the discussions and opinions of institutional and political development in Romania with special attention to the events around 1989 Post-communism and Eastern enlargement of the European Union. The paper assesses the role of the European Union to promote democratization through Eastern neighbour policy. The paper broadly discusses the institutional and political development in Romania and the role of Copenhagen criteria and the country’s accession to the EU in early 2007. The result of this article is that Romania has successfully integrated into the European Union but that democratization is declining in the country.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2023, 23; 7-33
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The European Union and Cultural, Economic and Political Development of Minority in Central and Eastern Europe
Autorzy:
Bharti, Mukesh Shankar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
The European Union
Minority
Social
Cultural
Politics
East Europe
Opis:
This article aims to present the positions of minorities in Central and Eastern Europe since 1990. The analysis concentrates on relations between the various cultural and minorities group. The main outline is the concepts of minority rights and their multi-dimensional development of linguistic minorities and social development. There is a broad description of the social development of Roma in Central and Eastern Europe. Eastern European democracy promoters have made extensive use of their bilateral diplomatic channels to allow democratization laggards in the post-communist space a glimpse of what democracy looks like close to home and to give them encouragement and know-how to move forward with reforms.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2022, 19; 25-53
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Determinants of the Polish Presidency in the EU – 2011
Uwarunkowania polskiej prezydencji w Unii Europejskiej w 2011 r.
Autorzy:
Master, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2168180.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
presidency
Treaty of Lisbon
Poland in the European Union
European integration
Opis:
Chairing the Council of the European Union underlines the importance of the state in integrated Europe. However, the recent amendments to the Treaty have given rise to significant changes in the functioning of this institution. Our understanding of this concept as well as of its functions and methods has changed. This is particularly important for Poland, which in July 2011 will take over the half year presidency. The new conditions of operation pose both opportunities and challenges. This article presents the model of the Presidency and its role both before the Treaty of Lisbon and immediately after it. It also discusses the ability of countries holding presidency, especially Poland, to handle these changes. The author examines the conditions, strengths and weaknesses of Poland with respect to exercising this function.
Prezydencja w Unii Europejskiej podkreśla i wyróżnia znaczenie państwa w zintegrowanej Europie. Niemniej, ostatnie zmiany traktatowe pociągnęły za sobą dość istotne zmiany w funkcjonowaniu tej instytucji. Zmianie uległo samo rozumienie tego pojęcia, jej funkcje i metody działania, a to także wpłynęło bezpośrednio na kształt modeli. Jest to szczególnie ważne dla Polski, która w lipcu 2011 roku przejmie na pół roku przewodnictwo w Radzie. Nowe warunki działania stanowią zarówno szansę, jak i wyzwanie. Artykuł przybliża oblicze prezydencji i jej roli zarówno przed Traktatem z Lizbony, jak i bezpośrednio po nim oraz bada możliwości działania, jakie po tych zmianach stoją przed państwami sprawującymi prezydencję, w tym przede wszystkim Polską. Autorka analizuje uwarunkowania, mocne i słabe strony tego państwa oraz ocenia proces przygotowań do sprawowania tej funkcji.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2011, 29; 199-224
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Migration Crisis from the East-Central European Perspective: Challenges for Regional Security
Autorzy:
Podgórzańska, Renata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594797.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
migration crisis
migration
the Visegrad Group
the European Union
East-Central Europe
Opis:
Nowadays, the common denominator of involvement of the EastCentral Europe in the international arena, and above all, the premise determining community of interest expressed in the European Union is the migration crisis. Despite the different circumstances of activity in the context of the migration crisis, states in the region express similar opinions on the consequences of immigration for security in the region. Above all, they emphasise the implications of immigration for the internal security of states. Given the complex nature of migration, this article focuses on the phenomenon of immigration in the EU, determining the causes of the escalation of the influx of immigrants and, above all, identifying the consequences for the security of states of East-Central Europe.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2017, 2 (46); 87-104
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Działania Unii Europejskiej wobec Armenii prowadzone w ramach Europejskiej Polityki Sąsiedztwa i programu Partnerstwa Wschodniego
The activities of the European Union to Armenia carried out under the European neighborhood policy and the Eastern Partnership
Autorzy:
Voytyuk, Oksana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953233.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
the European Union
the Customs Union of Belarus
Kazakhstan
and Russia
Armenia
the Eastern Partnership
Opis:
In September 2013, a meeting between the President of Armenia S. Sargsyan and the President of the Russian Federation V. Putin took place in Moscow. During the meeting, the Russian authorities convinced the Armenian President to join the Customs Union and do not proceed further cooperation with the European Union. In the article, the author tries to analyze why Armenia cardinally changed its policy on the eve of the Eastern Partnership Summit in Vilnius on November 28–29th, 2013. There are also analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of eventual Armenia’s accession to the Customs Union with Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia, and to the European Union.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2015, 46; 121-134
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
German presidencies in the European Union in the 1990s. The term and the specificity of the presidency in the European Council
Autorzy:
Żurek, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2139026.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Germany in the European Union
European Council
Modern history of Germany
Presidency in the European Council
Opis:
A very important element of the structural and substantive functioning of the Council of the European Union is a cyclic Presidency (leadership) held for a period of six months by each Member State in turn in the system of the intergovernmental councils (the Council of the European Union and the European Council). The author of the present article would like to focus on the first two presidencies of the unifi ed Germany. Both took place in the 1990s – in the first decade of the country’s functioning after reunification. They also exemplify the ‘new’ Germany’s approach to the European integration, its deepening and widening. Germany wanted to dispel the doubts of the other EU Member States whether, as the united country, it would still support the process of integration. The 21st century proved the fears pointless.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2011, 2; 235-271
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Battle of Brexit. Analysis of the 2019 United Kingdom General Election Results
Autorzy:
Toszek, Bartłomiej H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015720.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Brexit
the United Kingdom
the European Union
Scotland
the 2019 United Kingdom general election
Opis:
The article presents the main parties (i.e. the Conservative Party, Labor Party, Liberal Democrats and Scottish National Party) results of the 2019 UK general election as well as an analysis of the most important issues (i.e. correct identification of voters’ expectations, simplicity and clarity of the messages, leaders’ personalities) which determined each party success or loss. The author proves that since Brexit was the primary focus of voters, the level of support for particular parties remained dependent on the solutions presented in this issue. This basis explains why the Conservatives in the whole UK and the SNP in Scotland won (and the Labor Party and the Liberal Democrats lost) the battle of Brexit.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2020, 4 (49); 153-165
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Польско-турецкие отношения: генезис, история развития, состояние на современном этапе
Polish-Turkish Relations: Genesis, History of Development, and State at the Present Stage
Autorzy:
Burak, Ahmet
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28856265.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Türkiye
Polska
the European Union
Russia
relations
Турция
Польша
Европейский союз
Россия
отношения
Opis:
Türkiye and Poland are located in different geopolitical areas, so ideological and social factors strongly impede political dialogue between them. Turkish Polish relations have a long history. In 2014, both countries celebrated the 600th anniversary of diplomatic relations. Despite numerous conflicts in history, both states have consistently made efforts to maintain and improve mutual relations. Currently, in the language of diplomacy, bilateral relations between states are still friendly. The paper’s author demonstrates whether they can really be defined as such.
Турция и Польша находятся в совершенно разных геополитических областях, поэтому идеологические и социальные факторы решительно препятствуют политическому диалогу между ними. Турецко-польские отношения имеют длительную историю. В 2014 году оба государства отметили 600-летие дипломатических отношений. Несмотря на многочисленные конфликты в истории, оба государства последовательно прилагали усилия по поддержанию и улучшению взаимных отношений. В настоящее время на языке дипломатии двусторонние отношения между государствами по-прежнему являются дружескими. Автор настоящей работы постарается продемонстрировать, действительно ли их можно определить таковыми.
Źródło:
Studia Orientalne; 2023, 2(26); 20-30
2299-1999
Pojawia się w:
Studia Orientalne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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