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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Święci jako patronowie obiektów sakralnych w państwie zakonnym w Prusach – na przykładzie miast
    Saints as patrons of the sacral objects in the cities in the state of the Teutonic Order
    Autorzy:
    Rozynkowski, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2154339.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-12
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
    Tematy:
    patronage
    saints
    Teutonic Order
    Prussia
    Opis:
    The author discusses the medieval practice in the State of the Teutonic Order of placing sacral objects, especially parish and monastic churches, cathedrals and hospital chapels, under patronage of selected saints. Though there was nothing exceptional about it in the Christian Europe, the choice of saints, dependent on their particular traits and popularity, is interesting. Among the most popular ones were, of course, the Holy Virgin Mary, venerated especially by the Cistersians and Dominicans, St George, St John the Evangelist and St Nicholas – the latter being the patron of merchants and sailors. It may be safely said that local cults correlated to a large degree with the presence or absence of particular religious orders in the area, with their preferences as to the patronage of certain saints over others. One of the most widely known saints in Europe was undoubtedly St James, especially along the popular pilgrimage route from Prussia to Santiago de Compostella. St Adalbert of Prague also deserves special mention, especially for his mission and martyrdom in Prussia.
    Źródło:
    Studia Elbląskie; 2014, 15; 9-19
    1507-9058
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Elbląskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Symbolika i znaczenie zamku krzyżackiego w Malborku
    Symbolism and significance of the Teutonic Castle in Malbork
    Autorzy:
    Wiśniewski, Jan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2169961.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-12
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
    Tematy:
    Teutonic Order
    functions of the Order Castles
    Grand Master’s Palace
    restoration of the castle
    political references
    monument
    Opis:
    The architecture of the Teutonic Knight’s Castle in Malbork was finally shaped in the first half of the 14th century. It was one of the grandest aristocratic residences, being the seat of the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order from 1309 to 1457. The monumental structure testified to the power of the Order which ruled over a rich territory protected by the Patroness Blessed Virgin Mary, situated on the east side in an external niche of the presbytery of St. Anne‘s Chapel. As each castle, it performed the basic functions: that of an abbey, a strategic function of a fortress and an economic management centre. As the residence of the Grand Master it was also the capital of the monastic state. Malbork, because of the relics that were kept there, especially those of the Holy Cross, was also a pilgrimage centre. After a few centuries and the partition in 1772, when it was the venue of the homage paid by the people to the Prussian king, the Malbork Castle became more and more politicised, by linking its old Teutonic past with the current political situation in Germany, emphasizing the merits of the Order in the propagation of the German culture in this area and the Germanity of these territories, although Nazi authorities considered they should be connected only where their relics remained, such as the Castle in Malbork. The last time it became a political symbol of “the German survival power” was when it was announced a stronghold during the battles about Malbork and the castle during World War II. By abandoning and getting rid of political determinants, which distorted the truth, the International Historical Commission initiated work on a reliable and objective presentation of the history of the presence of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia. All politicised for contemporary purposes was abandoned, “considering the Teutonic Order more comprehensively than before, not only in the context of the history of Prussia. This was certainly a result of border changes after 1945, but also – hopefully – a result of common sense”. (H. Boockmann).
    Źródło:
    Studia Elbląskie; 2012, 13; 7-25
    1507-9058
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Elbląskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „Mentis oculos levavit”. Obrazowe aspekty mistyki Doroty z Mątów
    “Mentis oculos levavit”. The pictorial aspects of the mysticism Dorothy’s of Montau
    Autorzy:
    Jakubek-Raczkowska, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2167814.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-12
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
    Tematy:
    medieval art
    women mystics
    vision
    image
    The State of the Teutonic Order in Prussia
    Dorothy of Montau
    Opis:
    The medieval iconography of Dorothy of Montau is exceptionally scanty. The oldest image of her is dating back to the late 15th century, and the possible reception of her visions in the art remains a hypothesis, despite of their creative suggestibility, that could have influenced the artistic creation. On the other hand, many of her visions reveal the dependence on earlier imagery sources, that with use of knowledge of artistic phenomena can be recognized. This is the task for art historian. Such research is of great potential, as the revelations of Dorothy include sensual aspect (characteristic of the Late-medieval feminine mysticism), sensitivity for pictorial details and evidences for her individual sense of beauty. The paper analyses visual aspects of Dorothy’s mysticism, above all basing on treatises of Johannes von Marienwerder: Liber de festis, Septililium, Vita latina. Discussed are types of revelations, their imagery elements and the way of their perception and description by the Prussian visionary. Considering those revelations against the background of sacral iconography demonstrates close associations between mystical experience and the experience of the image. It can be seen in the relations between the description of events, persons (appearance, attributes, garment), places, motifs and the popular iconography (Adoration of the Magi, Coronation of the Virgin etc.). The relationship between contemplation of the vision and the emotional reception of devotional images can be also reconstructed. The key for the interpretation of the sources and meaning of Dorothy’s visions is the consideration in context of scholastic epistemology and ars memorativa as well as from the point of view of anthropology of image (external image / sight – internal image / eye – mystic as medium). By this analysis the mental power and mnemonic function of religious imagery can be proved. The questions for character of revelations have to stay unanswered (supernatural mystical vision, appearing in the mind of visionary as the images that are easy to assimilate for her? Subjective realisation of the “dialogue with image” in her imagination through external images? Subconscious choice of those elements from the whole revelation, that were possible to recognize, understand and explain?). Thus, her religious experience, described using canonical sacral images, is a part of phenomenon of mutual relations of art and mysticism in the late Middle Ages.
    Źródło:
    Studia Elbląskie; 2013, 14; 307-326
    1507-9058
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Elbląskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Najstarsza organizacja parafialna na Żuławach Wielkich (do połowy XV w.)
    The oldest parish system in Żuławy Wielkie (until the mid-15th century)
    Autorzy:
    Długokęcki, Wiesław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2147887.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
    Tematy:
    organizacja parafialna
    sieć parafialna
    Żuławy Wielkie
    duchowieństwo parafialne
    zakon krzyżacki
    parish system
    parish network
    parish clergy
    the Teutonic Order
    Opis:
    Żuławy Wielkie były nie tylko regionem przodującym pod względem rozwoju rolnictwa, samorządności i zamożności mieszkańców, ale także organizacji parafialnej. Przeciętna parafia obejmowała dwie wsie. Jedynie nowostawska i lichnowska, najpewniej najstarsza, bo erygowana jeszcze w XIII w., liczyła 6 – 7 wsi. Daje się zauważyć dążenie mieszkańców do tworzenia parafii jednowioskowych lub przynajmniej budowy kaplic filialnych. Patronem wszystkich kościołów był zakon krzyżacki, który we wsiach wydzielał beneficjum – z reguły 4 łany ziemi. Mieszkańcy na utrzymanie parafii płacili tzw. meszne (świadczenie w zbożu), a przez witryków wpływali na jej finanse. Przy kościołach czynne były utrzymywane przez parafian szkoły, zapewniające najzdolniejszym dzieciom wiejskim elementarne wykształcenie i służbę liturgiczną w świątyniach. Niektórzy plebani wielkożuławscy, posiadający wykształcenie uniwersyteckie, pozostawali w służbie Zakonu krzyżackiego i biskupów pomezańskich.
    Żuławy Wielkie (the alluvial delta area of the Vistula River) in Middle Ages was not only most advanced in agriculture, self-government as well as the level of prosperity of its inhabitants, but it was also the territory with strong parish system. An average parish consisted of two villages. Only two exceptions are noticed, in Nowy Staw and Lichnowy, the latter being probably the oldest, established in the 13th Century and consisted of 6 – 7 villages. It is visible that inhabitants preferred the erection of single-village parishes or at least filial chapels. The right of patronage of all churches belonged to the Teutonic Order. The patron provided the parish with a benefice (usually 4 lans – 120 morgs of land). Moreover, the inhabitants had to pay a special contribution in corn (called meszne), while their representatives (vitrici) interfered with parish finances. Parochial schools were established, supported by the inhabitants and designed both to provide most talented children with basic education and to secure liturgical servants for the church. Some parish priests from the area of Żuławy Wielkie, particularly persons with university education, served at the courts of Pogesanian bishops and the Teutonic Order.
    Źródło:
    Studia Elbląskie; 2019, 20; 9-29
    1507-9058
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Elbląskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dekoracja drzwiczek sakramentarium w Mątowach Wielkich jako przyczynek do rozważań nad pobożnością eucharystyczną ludu wiejskiego w średniowiecznych Prusach
    Decoration of the sacrament house door in Mątowy Wielkie as a contribution to the research on the Eucharistic piety in the medieval prussian countryside
    Autorzy:
    Grabowska-Lysenko, Alicja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2154348.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-12
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
    Tematy:
    Medieval art
    art history
    sacrament house
    Eucharist
    Cult of the Eucharist
    Mątowy Wielkie/Groß Montau
    Corpus Christi
    State of the Teutonic Order in Prussia
    Opis:
    This paper is an attempt to show the main forms of the Eucharistic piety in the Prussian countryside in the Middle Ages on the basis of analysis of the sacrament house in Saint Peter and Paul church in Mątowy Wielkie (Groß Montau). This work will be compared with other objects from the area of the former Teutonic Order State. The iconographic program of the sacrament house door is known today from the historical description, archival photos and the copy of the door, which is kept in the church in Mątowy Wielkie. Originally it consisted of the picture of the Man of Sorrow, placed on the obverse, and the presentation of the priest with the monstrance on the back of the door. The analysis of the iconography of this object in the context of its function allows to draw some conclusions about forms of worship of the Blessed Sacrament widespread in the Prussian countryside: individual adoration of the Eucharistic Christ in the consecrated Host or in His images, as well as Theophoric processions, mostly related to the celebration of Corpus Christi. This work seems to be a testimony to the religious climate in the Prussian Church in the first half of the 15th century and to the role of the clergy in the transformations of the religiosity of the laity, taking place in this time.
    Źródło:
    Studia Elbląskie; 2014, 15; 189-205
    1507-9058
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Elbląskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zabytkowy wystrój i wyposażenie pomezańskiego kościoła katedralnego w Kwidzynie
    Historic ornaments and furniture of the Pomesanian Cathedral in Kwidzyn
    Autorzy:
    Wiśniewski, Jan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2165723.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-12
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
    Tematy:
    Pomesanian cathedral
    historic equipment: altars
    confessionals
    epitaphs
    listed wall paintings: scenes from the life of Jesus and saints
    gallery of Pomesanian bishops and grand masters of the Teutonic Order
    Opis:
    The post-war hosts of the Pomesanian cathedral in Kwidzyn (since 1254) (oo. Franciscans Conv., then diocese priests) salvaged the monuments it housed. The cathedral was constructed between 1320 and 1355. It was the burial place of the three “condemned” grand masters (their graves were discovered in 2008) and the blessed Dorothy of Montau. Inside are preserved 32 (some in fragments) tombstones and epitaphs of Pomesanian bishops and dignitaries of the Teutonic Knights Order dated from the 14th to the 18th century and seven baroque tombstones; the mosaic of the St. John in the vat of boiling oil dated at ca. 1380 above the side entrance; the gallery of 17 Pomesanian bishops in the upper sanctuary, which was painted in the late 15th century; mural paintings on the side aisle walls of the main body of the church (biblia pauperum, although nowadays the main idea behind the paintings is not precise); oak throne of Hiob von Dobeneck (†1521 r.), an outstanding humanist, wooden pulpit from 1643, the main altar from around 1690 (now in the choir of the Chapter) Groeben family chapel form 1705 including the equipment; the organ front from the 2nd half of the 19th century, the present brick altar and pulpit from the 2nd half of the 19th century, the so-called 2 confessionals from 1715 with a canopy, the granite baptismal font from the 18 century; wooden crucifix from the 19th century and the Stations of the Cross made from artificial stone; three stained-glass windows of the 2nd half of the 19 century, two bells from 1512 and 1583, these objects of worship are high-class works of art. Just after the war was over, the historic equipment of the cathedral was protected from further damage. Subsequently, the cathedral parish commune carried out systematic conservation and renovation of the monuments (mural paintings were discovered). In this way, the cultural legacy, which is used again by Roman-Catholics after the Protestant period, has been saved for future generations. Finally, during the reforms following the Second Vatican Council, the equipment of the presbytery in the central aisle was adapted to the modernised service. Thus, the place of worship which the Pomesanian Cathedral has been and continues to be, is a “living” church, which has been adapted to the changing needs of worship (the cathedral of the bishop of Pomesania, the seat of the cathedral chapter, the city parish). After the diocese was converted to Protestantism, the interior was adapted to the evangelical style of worship (Protestants, Bohemian Brethren), and some of the interior decorations were damaged then. However, in the 19th century extensive renovation works of the cathedral were undertaken. These works have continued until now.
    Źródło:
    Studia Elbląskie; 2013, 14; 63-83
    1507-9058
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Elbląskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O kulcie Matki Bożej w zakonie krzyżackim
    On the veneration of the Mother of God within the Teutonic Order
    Autorzy:
    Rozynkowski, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22876869.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-12
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
    Tematy:
    zakon krzyżacki
    kult Matki Bożej
    święta maryjne
    ołtarze maryjne
    wizerunki maryjne
    ornaty maryjne
    the Teutonic Order
    veneration of the Mother of God
    Marian feast days
    Marian altars
    Marian images
    Marian chasubles
    Opis:
    W historię zakonu krzyżackiego bardzo intensywnie wpisana jest postać Najświętszej Maryi Panny. Spotykamy Ją już w samej nazwie wspólnoty, mówimy bowiem o Zakonie Szpitala Najświętszej Maryi Panny Domu Niemieckiego w Jerozolimie. Odwołanie do Matki Bożej stanowiło więc ważny aspekt tożsamości krzyżaków. W artykule przywołano kilka przejawów kultu maryjnego: święta maryjne, ołtarze maryjne, wizerunki oraz ornaty, których używano podczas liturgicznych obchodów maryjnych. Zostały one ukazane głównie w świetle zachowanych inwentarzy wyposażenia kaplic znajdujących się w krzyżackich domach zakonnych.
    Blessed Virgin Mary played a prominent role in the history of the Teutonic Order. We meet her even in the name of this religious corporation - Order of the Hospital of Saint Mary of the Teutonic House in Jerusalem. Referring to the Mother of God was an important aspect of self-identity of the Teutonic Knights. The paper provides a number of examples of Marian worship: Marian feasts, altars, images and chasubles used in liturgical Marian celebrations. They are presented in the light of preserved inventories of chapels which existed in monastic houses of the Teutonic Order.
    Źródło:
    Studia Elbląskie; 2023, 24; 7-17
    1507-9058
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Elbląskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ kalendarza liturgicznego na funkcjonowanie państwa zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach w czasach wielkiego mistrza Ulryka von Jungingen (1407 – 1410)
    Influence of the liturgical calendar on functioning of the State of the Order of Teutonic Knights in times of the Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen (1407 – 1410)
    Autorzy:
    Szweda, Damian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148278.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-12
    Wydawca:
    Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
    Tematy:
    Ulryk von Jungingen
    Komunia święta
    kalendarz liturgiczny
    duchowość średniowieczna
    zakon krzyżacki
    Ulrich von Jungingen
    Holy Communion
    liturgical calendar
    medieval spirituality
    the Order of Teutonic Knights
    Opis:
    W czasie najważniejszych świąt kościelnych wielki mistrz Ulrich von Jungingen, podobnie jak jego poprzednik, przebywał w centrum państwa krzyżackiego (Malbork - Elbląg - Sztum). W większości, w dniach, w których ustawodawstwo krzyżackie nakazywało przyjmowanie Komunii świętej, ten najwyższy dostojnik krzyżacki przebywał w latach 1407-1410 w stolicy państwa krzyżackiego w Prusach. Tylko przy nadzwyczajnych okazjach, jak zjazd z królem Władysławem Jagiełłą i wielkim księciem Witoldem na początku stycznia 1408 r. czy rozpoczęcie wyprawy na ziemię dobrzyńską w sierpniu 1409 r., przebywał w innym klasztorze krzyżackim. Wokół tych dni świątecznych, kiedy wiadomo było, że wielki mistrz będzie przebywał na swoim dworze, organizowano zjazdy z dostojnikami zakonu krzyżackiego, spotkania z przedstawicielami miast pruskich, przyjmowano zagranicznych wysłanników lub finalizowano różne transakcje.
    During the most important church holidays, Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen, like his predecessor, stayed in the centre of the Teutonic Order state (Malbork - Elblag - Sztum). For the most part, on days on which Teutonic legislation mandated the reception of Holy Communion, this highest Teutonic dignitary was in the capital of the Teutonic state in Prussia between 1407 and 1410. Only on extraordinary occasions, such as the convention with King Władysław Jagiełło and Grand Duke Witold at the beginning of January 1408 or the beginning of the expedition to the Dobrzyń lands in August 1409, was he at another Teutonic convent. Around these feast days, when it was known that the Grand Master would be at his court, conventions were organised with dignitaries of the Teutonic Order, meetings with representatives of Prussian towns, foreign envoys were received or various transactions were finalised.
    Źródło:
    Studia Elbląskie; 2017, 18; 125-138
    1507-9058
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Elbląskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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