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Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
Tytuł:
Regionalism in the Balance: Reflections on ASEAN at Fifty from a Liberal Perspective
Autorzy:
Rabel, Roberto
Ireland, Kieran
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2092112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Regional integration
International regional cooperation
Regionalism
Regional economic cooperation
International organisations
Integracja regionalna
Międzynarodowa współpraca regionalna
Regionalizm
Regionalna współpraca gospodarcza
Organizacje międzynarodowe
Opis:
The Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) represents the world's second most influential regional integration project after the European Union (EU). Its fiftieth anniversary in August 2017 prompted extensive commentary on the achievements of this important regional grouping as well as on the challenges and opportunities that it confronts as it begins its second half-century. This article draws on those commentaries to present a stock-take of ASEAN at fifty from a liberal perspective. While acknowledging ASEAN's achievements over the last fifty years, it highlights the daunting challenges that threaten the grouping's efficacy and cohesion, with attendant implications for wider regional architecture in the Asia-Pacific region. From rising nationalism to the constraints of the 'ASEAN Way' and the slow progress of the ASEAN Economic Community, the 'centrality' of the organisation for its member states is in question. External pressures posed by turbulent geopolitical tides make ASEAN's hard-won 'centrality' in wider Asia-Pacific affairs an even more contested concept. There are nonetheless opportunities for ASEAN to avert a mid-life crisis and revitalise regional integration. ASEAN's best chance of doing so is to apply liberal approaches to regional order in ways that will strengthen rules-based institutions, collective security, political dialogue, economic openness and tolerance of differences.(original abstract)
Źródło:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2018, 54, 2; 9-30
0209-0961
Pojawia się w:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
International Organizations for Rail Transport: Genesis and Evolution
Autorzy:
Park, Tae Hun
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2092086.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Railway transport
International organisations
International transport
International cooperation
Development of transport
Transport kolejowy
Organizacje międzynarodowe
Transport międzynarodowy
Współpraca międzynarodowa
Rozwój transportu
Opis:
This article addresses the origins and evolution of international organizations dedicated to international rail transport. From the beginning of rail history, most of the railway networks in Europe were built by numerous private companies, which continuously competed and collaborated with each other within domestic transport as well as international transport. European railway companies made connections across borders based on personal and financial network relationships and established various types of agreements and unions to make international traffic possible. This coalition allowed them to jointly operate member networks, including running direct trains and establishing tariff agreements. Since international transport has grown in size and complexity, international railway organizations have continuously evolved. This study proceeds as follows: the first section outlines the beginnings and development of international rail transport organizations. With the expansion of the rail network in Europe, international cooperation in the field of railways occurred early in the 19th century. This mainly took the form of bilateral or multilateral agreements or even treaties among the States. Initially, these agreements affected the establishment of international organizations. The second section draws out international organizations between the First World War and the Second World War. In the interwar period, the existing organizations continued to expand their scope of activities and new organizations were founded. The third section examines the impact of the Cold War on international rail organizations. During the Cold War, many organizations were established in Western Europe, with active international railway cooperation. In Eastern Europe, a new international organization was established under the influence of the Soviet Union. The fourth section explains changes in international organizations after the Cold War. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the existing organizations steadily adapted themselves to changes in the political, economic, social, cultural and technological environments. Because of these various changes, new international organizations also emerged.(original abstract)
Źródło:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2017, 53, 4; 219-233
0209-0961
Pojawia się w:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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