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    Tytuł:
    Frictional properties of selected seeds
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Jadwisieńczak, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298455.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    physical attributes
    coefficient of external friction
    relation
    Opis:
    The thickness, width, length and weight of five seed species (buckwheat, vetch, pea, lupine and faba bean) and their external friction angle were determined on two types of surfaces - steel and rubber. The experiment was performed with the use of a an inclined plane with an adjustable angle of inclination that measures the angle of external friction and the time taken by seeds to travel a given distance, which supports the determination of the coefficient of kinetic friction. The measured parameters were used to calculate arithmetic and geometric mean diameter, aspect ratio and sphericity index. The dimensions, weight and the calculated indicators of the examined seeds did not significantly affect their coefficients of static and kinetic friction or their coefficients of rolling resistance and rolling friction. The studied parameters were largely influenced by the type of friction surface, and significantly lower average values were reported for steel than rubber. In the studied seed species, the static friction coefficient was determined in the range of 0.187 to 0.582, kinetic friction coefficient - 0.134 to 0.479, rolling resistance coefficient - 0.148 to 0.529 and rolling friction coefficient - 0.29 to 1.80 mm.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2015, 18(2); 85-101
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Correlations between the Germination Capacity and Selected Attributes of European Larch Seeds (Larix Decidua Mill.)
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Rawa, T.
    Liszewski, A.
    Fura, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298087.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    modrzew europejski
    nasiona
    kiełkowanie
    właściwości rozdzielcze
    European larch
    seeds
    separation properties
    germination
    Opis:
    The critical transport velocity, basic dimensions (thickness, width and length), the angle of sliding friction and weight of European larch seeds from three batches were determined. The values of shape factors, cross-sectional area, volume and density were calculated for all seeds. The seeds were germinated, and germination time was determined. The investigated attributes were compared by single classification analysis of variance and correlation analysis. The germination capacity of seeds from the same stand varied between harvest years, and germination time was most highly correlated with critical transport velocity and density. The lightest seeds should be separated from the batch to improve germination capacity, and seeds of the heaviest fractions should be used to promote even germination.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2012, 15(2); 229-242
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Variability in and correlations among selected physical properties of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) seeds
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Tylek, P.
    Anders, A.
    Markowski, P.
    Rawa, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297835.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    seeds
    physical properties
    coefficients
    correlation
    Opis:
    Selected physical attributes of European larch seeds harvested from 2 seed plantations and 2 commercial seed stands in north-eastern Poland were determined. The physical properties of seeds were measured, and the results were used to calculate indicators of seed weight and the frictional and geometric properties of seeds. Physical attributes and indicators were compared by Student’s t-test for independent samples, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. The average values of physical properties and indicators were determined at: critical transport velocity - from 5.93 to 6.13 m • s-1, thickness - from 1.25 to 1.43 mm, width - from 2.29 to 2.71 mm, length - from 3.71 to 4.57 mm, angle of sliding friction - from 27.85 to 31.98o, weight - from 4.03 to 6.14 mg, coefficient of sliding friction - from 0.54 to 0.63, arithmetic mean diameter - from 2.42 to 2.90 mm, geometric mean diameter - from 2.20 to 2.60 mm, aspect ratio - from 59.60 to 62.38%, sphericity index - from 57.27 to 59.40%, specific weight - from 1.81 to 2.33 g • m-1, volume - from 4.60 to 7.59 mm3 and density - from 0.82 to 0.91 g • cm-3. The material harvested in seed plantations differed from seeds from commercial seed stands in all parameters, excluding critical transport velocity. Seed weight was most correlated with the remaining parameters. The highest value of the correlation coefficient and the equation with the highest value of the coefficient of determination were reported for the dependence between seed weight and seed length. Seed weight was also relatively highly correlated with seed width, therefore, the use of mesh screens with round openings and/or cylindrical grain graders is recommended in seed sorting processes.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2014, 17(2); 123-134
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Correlations between basic physical parameters of nuts and the weight of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seeds
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Tylek, P.
    Anders, A.
    Markowski, P.
    Rawa, T.
    Andros, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297912.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    nuts
    seeds
    physical properties
    variation
    correlation
    Opis:
    Selected physical attributes of common beech nuts harvested from four tree stands in northern Poland were determined. Seeds were manually extracted from every nut. Seeds and nuts were weighed, and the results were used to determine the ratio of seed weight to nut weight, which described the degree of nut filling. Physical parameters and the calculated coefficients were compared by the t-test for independent samples, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. The following ranges of variation were reported in the physical attributes of nuts and the coefficients of common beech seeds: critical transport velocity of nuts - from 6.33 to 11.28 m s-1, nut thickness - from 4.76 to 9.86 mm, nut width - from 6.46 to 13.54 mm, nut length - from 12.63 to 21.62 mm, angle of sliding friction of nuts - from 15.67 to 26.67o, nut weight - from 93.0 to 513.7 mg, coefficient of sliding friction of nuts - from 0.28 to 0.50, seed weight - from 11.0 to 374.8 mg, and ratio of seed weight to nut weight - from 0.08 to 0.88. The majority of nuts contained one seed (average weight of 195.36 mg), and only 2.3% of nuts contained two seeds (average weight of 103.11 mg). The attribute that was most highly correlated with the ratio of seed weight to nut weight was seed weight (0.685), followed by critical transport velocity (0.527) and weight of nuts (0.493). The results indicate that common beech seeds would be processed most effectively in vibration-pneumatic separators or, alternatively, in pneumatic separators where nut fractions obtained with the use of mesh screens can be sorted separately.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2015, 18(1); 5-14
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effect of the age of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands on the physical properties of seeds and the operating parameters of cleaning machines
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Rawa, T.
    Tylek, P.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Fura, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298461.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    Scots pine
    seeds
    physical properties
    correlations
    Opis:
    Critical transport velocity, the thickness, width, length, the angle of sliding friction and weight of Scots pine seeds harvested from conservation seed stands were measured. Correlations were determined between the age of parent stands (124 to 180 years old) and the above parameters of Scots pine seeds. Significant correlations were found between the age of parents stands and the weight, dimensions and the angle of sliding friction of seeds. Such a correlation was not observed for critical transport velocity. The noted correlations were presented as first-order equations which show that among the studied seed properties, average seed weight changed to the highest degree – it decreased by ca. 15% as Scots pine trees grew older.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2013, 16(1); 63-72
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of correlations between selected physical properties and color of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seeds
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Tylek, P.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Rawa, T.
    Głażewska, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298468.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    pine
    seed
    physical attributes
    color
    correlation
    Opis:
    Selected physical properties of Scots pine seeds harvested from five plantations in north-eastern Poland were determined. Seed color was determined in a sensory analysis, and seeds were classified into one of four color groups: black, brown, gray or other. The results of measurements were used to calculate indicators of seed weight and seeds’ frictional and geometric properties. Physical attributes and indicators were compared by one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. The average values of physical properties and indicators characterizing seeds from different color groups were determined at: critical transport velocity - from 7.0 to 7.1 m • s-1, thickness - from 1.48 to 1.50 mm, width - from 2.51 to 2.54 mm, length - from 4.32 to 4.46 mm, angle of sliding friction - from 29.1 to 29.8o, weight - from 6.4 to 6.7 mg, coefficient of sliding friction - from 0.56 to 0.58, arithmetic mean diameter - from 2.77 to 2.82 mm, geometric mean diameter - from 2.52 to 2.55 mm, aspect ratio - from 56.91 to 58.64%, sphericity index - from 57.44 to 58.69%, specific weight - from 2.51 to 2.60 g • m-1, volume - from 7.90 to 8.24 mm3 and density - from 0.80 to 0.82 g • cm-3. Selected color groups differed only in length, aspect ratio and sphericity index. Seed weight was most highly correlated with the remaining attributes, and the highest value of the correlation coefficient and the equation with the highest value of the coefficient of determination were reported for the correlation between seed weight and thickness.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2014, 17(3); 259-274
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determination of Shape Factors and Volume Coefficients of Seeds from Selected Coniferous Trees
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Tylek, P.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Rawa, T.
    Zadrożny, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298090.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    nasiona
    współczynnik kształtu
    objętość
    bryła geometryczna
    seeds
    shape factor
    volume
    geometric shape
    Opis:
    The thickness, width and length of seeds from selected coniferous trees was measured. The obtained data was used to determine six shape factors (as proposed by Grochowicz, Mohsenin, Donev and Wróbel). The seeds were assigned nine simple geometric shapes, and the total volume of seeds from a given tree species was compared using a pycnometer. Based on the results, a geometric model of seed volume was selected for every analyzed species. It was concluded that the shape of seeds from coniferous trees can be described with the application of shape factors proposed by Mohsenin, Donev and Wróbel, used interchangeably or collectively. The volume of seeds from coniferous trees can be modeled with the use of an ellipsoid for Scots pine, European black pine, Norway spruce and English yew seeds, and a double right quadrangular pyramid for silver fir and Douglas-fir seeds.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2012, 15(2); 217-228
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Selected physical parameters of common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) nuts
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Tylek, P.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Rawa, T.
    Liedtke, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298164.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    common hornbeam
    seeds
    physical parameters
    range of variations
    correlation
    separation
    Opis:
    Selected physical parameters of common hornbeam nuts were determined in five batches of nuts harvested from seed tree stands in northern Poland. The results were used to calculate the arithmetic and geometric mean diameters, aspect ratio, sphericity index, volume and density of each nut. The above parameters were compared by analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Habitat conditions had a greater influence on nut plumpness than the age of the tree stand. Nut width was highly correlated with nut mass, and the above observation can be used in the process of separating nuts into mass categories. When two mesh screens with 5 mm and 6 mm openings are used, nuts will be separated into a fine-sized fraction containing 71.4% of nuts with reduced plumpness, 24.1% of moderately plump nuts and 1.8% of plump nuts, and a coarse-sized fraction containing 2.0% of nuts with reduced plumpness, 43.6% of moderately plump nuts and 54.4% of plump nuts.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2015, 18(4); 247-259
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Basic physical properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seeds
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Jadwisieńczak, B.
    Rawa, T.
    Szczechowicz, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298166.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    seed
    dimension
    seed mass
    range of variations
    correlation
    separation
    Opis:
    The range of variations in a given separation parameter and its relationships with other attributes have to be determined for designing seed cleaning and sorting processes. In this study, those relationships were determined for five batches of Norway spruce seeds supplied by a seed extraction plant in Jedwabno. The seeds were harvested from seed stands in northern Poland. The terminal velocity, length, width, thickness and mass of every seed were determined. The results were used to calculate the geometric mean diameter, aspect ratio, sphericity index and density of the evaluated seeds. Those parameters were compared by analysis of variance and linear correlation analysis. Similarities in the average values of all physical properties were noted only between seeds harvested in the same seed zone, from tree stands occupying the same habitat type. The analyzed seeds can be effectively separated into mass fractions with the use of traditional sorting devices such as pneumatic separators, mesh sieves with longitudinal or round openings, cylindrical graders, winnowing machines and pneumatic sieves, in order to achieve more uniform seedling emergence when each seed fraction is sown separately.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2016, 19(2); 103-115
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of variations in and correlations between selected physical parameters of common beech (Fagus silvatica L.) nuts
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Tylek, P.
    Krzysiak, Z.
    Wasielewski, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298426.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    geometric parameters
    mass
    aspect ratio
    separation
    Opis:
    The basic dimensions and the mass of common beech nuts and seeds from five nut batches, harvested from tree stands in northern Poland, were determined. Environmental conditions had a greater influence on seed plumpness than the age of tree stands. The results of measurements were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Despite differences in their plumpness, nuts were characterized by nearly identical cross-sections which resembled an equilateral triangle. The thickness of nuts and seeds was highly correlated with their mass, and this information can facilitate seed husking and separation into mass categories. Before and after husking, seeds should be separated with the use of a mesh screen with longitudinal openings. Medium-sized (most numerous) seeds were separated into the following plumpness categories using a screen separator with ≠6 mm and ≠7 mm openings: 84% of moderately plump seeds, 3% of seeds with reduced plumpness, and 13% of plump seeds.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2018, 21(1); 49-63
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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