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Tytuł:
Foreign Policy as Part of Strengthening the Polish Economy in the World: the Ethical Aspect
Autorzy:
Pawlak, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652626.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
economic policy
foreign policy
Polish economy
ethics
Opis:
The technological, economic and political advances of the 20th and 21st centuries have established new conditions for the development of civilization. The world economy has simultaneously expanded (the number of states/organization participating in world trade or the volume of heterogeneous transactions) and shrunk (close interrelations between transactions, no matter their geographic origins). Economic policy has gained an indispensable role in the creation of order in international relations and foreign policy. The tendency to prioritize foreign policy aims towards economic policy aims has resulted in ‘reverse flow’, i.e. foreign policy has become a central part of national economic policy. The engagement of external action services and public budget in economic promotion and investments triggers (inter alia) the ethics dilemma. The mentioned ethical aspect is often omitted when discussing ‘the economic foreign policy’. For instance, the ethics dilemma can appear when development and humanitarian aid are taken into account or when it comes to assessing the results (and membership) of economic missions. In this context, the author analyses the Polish foreign policy example and attempts to answer two questions. First, are the economic activities performed by external action services effective? Second, are the mentioned activities in accordance with the social ethical code of conduct? The author focuses on three elements – development and humanitarian aid, the participation of Polish diplomats in economic promotion, and economic missions.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2014, 17, 4
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Confrontational Argumentative Strategies in the Discourse of Foreign Policy Experts
Autorzy:
Allani, Samira
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026728.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
argumentation
discourse
experts
foreign policy
strategic maneuvering
Opis:
The aim of this study is to explore the discursive practices of foreign policy experts. While policy decisions involving war and peace keep people alarmed all over the globe, most of these decisions are shaped by policy experts who work on influencing public opinion through the media (Manheim, 2011). This study adopts a critical discursive stance and uses argumentation analysis to examine the ideological backdrop to the discourse of thirty opinion articles authored by American foreign policy experts in print media. Drawing on the Pragma-dialectical method of augmentation analysis (van Eemeren and Grootendorst, 2004), and more particularly on its notion of strategic maneuvering, the analysis examines the confrontational strategies used by this group of experts and attempts to determine the rhetorical goals pursued by these strategic maneuvers.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2019, 17, 1; 39-55
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Revision of Japan’s Foreign Policy After Donald Trump’s Electoral Victory
Autorzy:
Żakowski, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Japan
foreign policy
Donald Trump
Japan–US relations
Opis:
The article analyzes the process of modification of Japan’s foreign policy after Donald Trump’s election as US president. As short- and middle-range aims of Japan’s diplomatic strategy were outlined with expectation of victory of Hillary Clinton, Tokyo was forced to abruptly change its policy. Relying on the neoclassical realist theory, the article examines the complex interaction between the external factors, such as security threats from North Korea or China, and domestic factors both in Japan and the US, that is personal, institutional, societal and economic determinants. It is argued that while it was strategic convergence between Tokyo and Washington that enabled relatively smooth cooperation between Prime Minister Abe and President Trump, internal factors, such as right-wing credentials of both decision makers, distorted and to some extent facilitated this process.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2019, 23, 1; 85-101
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Swedish Perception of European Security in Light of the Crisis in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Kobierecka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648422.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Ukrainian Crisis
Crimea annexation
Swedish security policy
Swedish foreign policy
Opis:
The events in Ukraine, the annexation of Crimea, and the Russian attitude towards Ukraine show an evident change in European relations. The escalation of conflict between Russia and Ukraine however does not affect only those two countries, but also those in the nearest vicinity. Especially in Scandinavian and Nordic countries change in social ambience can be observed. The aim of this article is essentially to analyze Swedish reaction to the Ukrainian Crisis, the change in Swedish attitude towards international security systems, especially NATO, and Swedish perception of its national safety.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2016, 18, 2
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Old and New Uzbekistan – A comparative essay on the last years of Islam Karimov’s reign and Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s presidency
Autorzy:
Pachucki-Włosek, Krystian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041592.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Republic of Uzbekistan
Islam Karimov
Shavkat Mirziyoyev
internal policy
foreign policy
Opis:
The article aims to present the positive and negative effects of the change in the position of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The article focuses on economic issues, comparing the policy of President Islam Karimov and the policy of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev. The work also compares the foreign policy of both leaders towards Uzbekistan’s largest political partners: Russia and China. The above article tries to answer the question: are the changes in Uzbekistan significant after 2016 or only superficial?
Źródło:
Eastern Review; 2019, 8; 31-48
1427-9657
2451-2567
Pojawia się w:
Eastern Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Ukraine Crisis and Shift in us Foreign Policy
Autorzy:
Woźniak, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648414.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Ukraine Crisis
US Foreign Policy
Ukraine
Russia
NATO
European Security
Opis:
War in Ukraine and the Russian annexation of Crimea are the events that changed the US policy towards Russia. The events in Ukraine forced the United States to take a closer look at Eastern and Central Europe. The United States’ policy during the Ukrainian crisis has been limited to sanctions and strong statements so far because in Ukraine there is an asymmetry of interests. Ukraine is much more important to Russia than to the United States. The United States may be willing to support the democratic and western aspiration of Ukrainians but will not risk a major conflict with Russia over it. However the crisis in Ukraine is not only about Ukraine or Russia. It is also about US credibility around the world. Both friends and foes are watching closely the American reaction to the situation. That is why the United States has increased its military presence in those NATO countries that share borders with Russia.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2016, 18, 2
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Berichus and the Evidence for Aspar’s Political Power and Aims in the Last Years of Theodosius II’s Reign
Autorzy:
Pigoński, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Byzantium
Huns
Aspar
Theodosius II
Byzantine foreign policy
Byzantine military elite
Opis:
The article examines Priscus’s account of the conflict that emerged between the leader of the Roman embassy, Maximinus, and the Hunnic envoy, Berichus. The barbarian got offended by the remarks concerning the lack of competence and influence of Aspar and Areobindus. A detailed analysis of this short passage – entailing the persona of Berichus himself, the reasons for his anger, and the possible explanations for Maximinus’s behaviour – can provide us with evidence regarding the political position of Aspar in the last years of the reign of Theodosius II. Most scholars use this example to illustrate Aspar’s falling out of favour and power; it is more likely, however, that the situation was actually more complex. The political struggle between Chrysaphius, a proponent of the policy of reconciliation with the Huns, and Zeno, the opponent of such policies, makes it far more probable that the government feared that their diplomatic effort might be hijacked by the opposing faction. Therefore, it was political differences – and not the failures in the war of 447 – that were the reason for Aspar’s falling out with the emperor. This would also mean that Zeno and Aspar shared similar views on how to solve the Hunnic problem, which would be the basis for their cooperation, resulting in the overthrowing of Chrysaphius and the crowning of Marcian in 450.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2018, 8; 237-251
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vietnam Game Between USA and China
Autorzy:
Pietrasiak, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Vietnam foreign policy
U.S.
China
diversification strategy
multipolarisation of partners
Opis:
Vietnam tries to respond to changing international situations, while attempting to stay in accordance with its own ambitions. China and the USA, the two superpowers, are the most important partners of Vietnamese strategy, which is determined by these two countries. The most important economic partner and ideological ally is China. But both sides have some serious problems to resolve such as maritime disputes. The situation imposes the need to seek counterbalance, a reliable ally who provides protection for its own interests. So Vietnam looks to balance improved relations with China while seeking deeper and multidimensional relations with the USA. The United States offers many advantages that are attractive to Vietnam. Inevitably, economic ties and new projects e.g. TPP, political, cultural and scientific cooperation make up these advantages. However, the United States can only provide support for the Spratly and Paracel Islands’ dispute and improving cooperative measures in the South China Sea with the presence of U.S. naval vessels and dialogue that assists Vietnam defense. Vietnam has again become an element in the American strategy of pivoting to Asia.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2018, 22, 1
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Redefinition of Foreign Policy of the United States since Trump’s Election: The Case of Trade War with China
Autorzy:
Jaskuła, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648354.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Trade War
China
USA
Trump
Florida
Louisiana
Kentucky
Foreign Policy
Global Economy
Opis:
The main aim of this text is to present economic relations between China and the US today. The election of Donald Trump in 2016, significantly redefined American trade policy toward China. Despite the first months of his presidency, which promised an efficient, long-term cooperation between Beijing and Washington, incumbent president decided to implement severe restriction on the trade with China at the beginning of 2018. However, the announced imposition of tariffs on almost all goods coming from this country could interfere with the growth of the single states and the economy of the whole country in the future. Therefore the text is aimed to investigate the  ependency of selected states on the inflows of Chinese investments since 2010. Finally, it is necessary to examine the phenomenon of the trade war, which has begun in July 2018, and assess its impact on the growth of both countries.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2019, 23, 1; 161-182
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Twenty Years of Polands Euro-Atlantic Foreign Policy
Autorzy:
Zięba, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-01-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Poland's foreign policy
Euro-Atlantic direction
Council of Europe
Euroscepticism
International security
transformation
"Trojan horse"
Opis:
During the years 1989-1991, after a deep transformation of the internal system and the international order in Europe, Poland pursued a sovereign foreign policy. The new policy had the following general goals: 1) to develop a new international security system which would guarantee Poland's national security; 2) to gain diplomatic support for the reforms conducted in Poland, including primarily the transformation of the economy and its adaption to free market mechanisms, which were designed to result in economic growth; and 3) to maintain and increase the international prestige of Poland and the Poles, who had been the first to commence the struggle to create a democratic civil society in the Eastern bloc. Implementing this new concept of foreign policy, Poland entered the Council of Europe in November 1991. The following year, Warsaw started to strive for membership of NATO, which was achieved in March 1999. A few years later, Polish leaders pursued policies in which Poland played the role of a "Trojan horse" for the USA. This was manifested most clearly during the Iraqi crisis of 2003, and in the following years, particularly in 2005-2007. From spring 1990 Poland aspired to integration with the European Community; in December of the following year it signed an association agreement, which fully entered into force in February 1994. In the period 1998-2002 Poland negotiated successfully with the European Union and finally entered this Union in May 2004. In subsequent years Poland adopted an Eurosceptic and sometimes anti-EU position. The new Polish government, established after the parliamentary election of autumn 2007, moved away from an Eurosceptic policy and pursued a policy of engagement with European integration.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2011, 13; 27-39
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
U.S. Foreign Policy Towards North Korea
Autorzy:
Husenicova, Lucia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648502.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
North Korea
nuclear program
missile program
U.S. foreign policy objectives
non-proliferation regime
sanctions
Opis:
The U.S. relations to Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) are since the end of the Cold War revolving around achieving a state of nuclear free Korean peninsula. As non-proliferation is a long term of American foreign policy, relations to North Korea could be categorized primarily under this umbrella. However, the issue of North Korean political system also plays role as it belongs to the other important, more normative category of U.S. foreign policy which is the protection of human rights and spreading of democracy and liberal values. In addition, the North Korean issue influences U.S. relations and interests in broader region of Northeast Asia, its bilateral alliances with South Korea (Republic of Korea, ROK) and Japan as well as sensitive and complex relations to People’s Republic of China. As the current administration of president Donald J. Trump published its National security strategy and was fully occupied with the situation on Korean peninsula in its first year, the aim of the paper is to analyse the changes in evolution of U.S. North Korean policy under last three administrations, look at the different strategies adopted in order to achieve the same aim, the denuclearization. The paper does not provide a thorough analysis, neither looks at all documents adopted and presented in the U.S. or within the U.N. It more focuses on the general principles of particular strategies, most significant events in mutual relations as recorded by involved governmental officials and also weaknesses of these strategies as none has achieved desirable result. In conclusion, several options for current administration are drawn, however all of them require significant compromises and could be accompanied with series of setbacks dangerous for regional stability and U.S. position in the region.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2018, 22, 1
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heterogeneity of the Notion of Interest in Accordance with the International Relations Theory: A Study of Russia’s National Interests
Autorzy:
Sadłocha, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648340.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
national interest
theory of international relations
Russia’s foreign policy
the annexation of the Crimea
Opis:
The category of a national interest is one of the most popular notions used in international relations. It has a polysemic character and is differently interpreted by various scientific perspectives. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief analysis of selected approaches of the theory of international relations to defining interests and correlating the interpretations of national interests of the Russian Federation performed on their bases. The choice of case study concerning the foreign policy of the Russian Federation is not accidental because in countries aspiring to gain world power the concept of national interest is raised while explaining the motives of decisions taken by their leaders exceptionally often. In this article, Russia’s interests will be discussed in reference to the annexation of the Crimea and Russia’s actions towards Ukraine. Those events vividly show the specificity of defining the national interests, based on one hand on the pursue to being a powerhouse and understanding the interests in the category of power and, on the other hand, resulting from the political identity of Russian elites. As a result, an assessment of the scientific utility of selected theoretical paradigms and their use in the analyses of Russia’s foreign policy will be outlined.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2019, 23, 1; 235-259
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dyplomacja PRL wobec kryzysu karaibskiego w 1962 roku
Autorzy:
Kieć, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1373780.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Polish foreign policy
20th century
Caribbean Crisis
polska polityka zagraniczna
wiek XX
kryzys karaibski
Opis:
Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych oraz ówczesny szef polskiej dyplomacji Adam Rapacki uważali kryzys karaibski za niezwykle groźny dla Polski. Wynikało to z faktu, że Warszawa utrzymywała dobre relacje gospodarcze z Waszyngtonem. Od czasu nawiązania relacji dyplomatycznych z Hawaną stosunki między PRL a Kubą rozwijały się wolno. Od 1960 r. PRL była zmuszona okazywać pomoc Kubie i nie czerpała zysków z wymiany handlowej. Szersze zaangażowanie na rzecz poprawy stosunków z reżimem Castro było wymuszone przez Moskwę. Polska jako członek bloku wschodniego nawiązała relacje z Hawaną najpóźniej ze wszystkich krajów wchodzących w jego skład. Na wspomniane ruchy Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki zareagowały w sposób niezwykle nerwowy. Administracja prezydenta Johna Kennedy’ego groziła cofnięciem cesji gospodarczych udzielonych Polsce. W tym kontekście wizyta Adama Rapackiego w Hawanie w czerwcu 1961 r. wydawała się z punktu widzenia USA prowokacyjna. Inaczej wystąpienie polskiego ministra odebrali brytyjscy dyplomaci, którzy utrzymywali, że podczas przemówienia na Uniwersytecie w Hawanie Rapacki starał się nie obrażać Stanów Zjednoczonych. Dodatkowo Foreign Office uważało, że został on zmuszony do złożenia owej wizyty zagranicznej. W momencie, gdy rozpoczął się kryzys rakietowy na Kubie, polskie MSZ starało się za wszelką cenę uniknąć działań, które mogły zostać odebrane jako prowokacja przez siły US Navy, prowadzące morską blokadę wyspy. O zamiarach dotyczących rozmieszczenia pocisków atomowych na Kubie ZSRR nie poinformowało swoich sojuszników, co świadczyło o braku suwerenności PRL oraz innych państw bloku wschodniego. MSZ nie podejmowało żadnych aktywnych ruchów w tej kwestii, ale starało się pozyskać najbardziej wiarygodne informacje na temat rozgrywających się zdarzeń. Najlepiej poinformowany był ambasador PRL w Waszyngtonie, a jego odpowiednicy w Hawanie i Moskwie mieli niekompletne dane. Dodatkowo, po ustaniu największego zagrożenia związanego z wybuchem wojny termonuklearnej, to PRL przekazywała informacje o krytyce Fidela Castro kierowanej wobec Moskwy, a dotyczącej kryzysu.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the head of Polish diplomacy at that time, Adam Rapacki, considered the Caribbean Crisis to be extremely dangerous for Poland. It was due to the fact that Warsaw maintained good economic relations with Washington. Since establishing diplomatic relations with Havana, relations between the Polish People’s Republic (PPR) and Cuba had developed slowly. From 1960, PPR was forced to help Cuba, while not drawing any benefits from exchange trade. Larger commitment to improve relations with Castro’s regimes was forced by Moscow. Poland was the last member of Eastern Bloc to establish relations with Havana. The United States of America reacted to these events in an extremely nervous manner. The administration of President John Kennedy threatened to cancel economic cessions granted to Poland. In this context, Adam Rapacki’s visit to Havana in June 1961 seemed provocative from the USA point of view. British diplomacy, however, interpreted the Polish minister’s speech at the University of Havana differently and maintained that Rapacki was careful not to offend the United States of America. Moreover, the Foreign Office believed that he was forced to make this foreign visit. When the Cuban Missile Crisis began, the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs tried to avoid any actions that could be seen as provocative by U.S. Navy forces, conducting a naval blockade of the island. The USSR did not inform its allies about the plan of placing the missiles on Cuba, which testified to the lack of sovereignty of the PPR and other Eastern Bloc states. The Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs did not make any active moves regarding the crisis, but still tried to obtain the most reliable information on the events. The most informed person was PPR’s ambassador in Washington, while those in Havana and Moscow had incomplete data. In addition, after the biggest threat of the outbreak of thermonuclear war has passed, it was the PPR that provided information about Fidel Castro’s critique of Moscow’s position towards the crisis.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2020, 106; 157-189
0208-6050
2450-6990
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“Canada will not stand idly by ...”: Ukraine in the Foreign Policy of Canada
Autorzy:
Marczuk-Karbownik, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648418.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Ukraine
Canada
Canada-Ukraine relations
Canada’s support for Ukraine
Canadian foreign policy
Canada-Poland relations
Opis:
Ukraine has always had a special place in Canadian foreign policy. Currently, Canada is deeply engaged in supporting Ukraine to restore political and economic stability and to implement democratic reforms. The Government in Ottawa has condemned Russian aggressive policy and the illegal military occupation of Crimea and has taken a variety of steps and initiatives since the beginning of the crisis in Ukraine in 2014 including imposing sanctions, economic and military assistance, and supporting of NATO measures.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2016, 18, 2
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od Mao Zedonga do Xi Jinpinga. Cechy, cele, kierunki i narzędzia zagranicznej polityki gospodarczej Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej
From Mao Zedong to Xi Jinping. The foreign economic policy of the PRC – characteristics, objectives, directions and tools
Autorzy:
Twarowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/970391.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
People’s Republic of China
foreign policy
economic policy
F50
N15
P20
polityka zagraniczna
polityka
gospodarcza
Chińska Republika Ludowa
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to evaluate the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) foreign economic policy and to indicate the consequences of that policy for China’s position on the international scene. The paper presents the characteristics, objectives, directions and tools of its foreign policy, with special emphasis on economic aspects. The most important conclusion from the analysis is that in the last 65 years, since the establishment of the PRC, a unique style of Chinese foreign policy was formed, which is based on money, not arms. China has experienced significant economic and social development, but is still facing opportunities as well as challenges and threats.
Celem artykułu jest ocenienie zagranicznej polityki gospodarczej ChRL oraz wskazanie konsekwencji tej polityki dla pozycji Chin na arenie międzynarodowej. W opracowaniu przedstawiono cechy, cele, kierunki i narzędzia polityki zagranicznej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektów ekonomicznych. Najważniejszy wniosek z przeprowadzonej analizy to stwierdzenie, że w ciągu 65 lat od powstania ChRL powstał specyficzny styl chińskiej polityki zagranicznej, która realizowana jest za pomocą pieniędzy, a nie broni. Chiny doświadczyły istotnego awansu gospodarczego i społecznego, jednak nadal stoją przed szansami, ale też licznymi wyzwaniami i zagrożeniami.
Źródło:
Ekonomia Międzynarodowa; 2015, 010; 50-63
2082-4440
2300-6005
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia Międzynarodowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 24

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