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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    ”We can’t just do it any which way” – Objectivity Work among Swedish Prosecutors
    Autorzy:
    Jacobsson, Katarina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138551.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Objectivity work
    Prosecutors
    Accounts
    Ethnomethodology
    Constructionism
    Sweden
    Opis:
    Objectivity is a principle widely acknowledged and honoured in contemporary society. Rather than treating objectivity as an a priori defined category to be tested empirically, I refer to the construction of objectivity as it is accomplished in practice as “objectivity work” and consider how Swedish prosecutors in interviews make and communicatively realize (i.e. “make real”) its claims. In analyzing two facets of objectivity work – maintaining objectivity and responses to objectivity violations – seven mechanisms are identified: appeals to (1) regulation, (2) duty, and (3) professionalism; responses to violations by (4) incantations of objectivity, (5) corrections, (6) proclamation by contrast, and (7) appeals to human fallibility. Directions for future research emphasize cross-cultural and crossoccupational comparisons, not only within the judiciary as objectivity is of a general concern in any area where disinterested truths are claimed. The concept of objectivity work allows one to study how various actors bring principle into everyday life.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2008, 4, 1; 46-68
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Constructionism and the Textuality of Social Problems
    Autorzy:
    Del Rosso, Jared
    Esala, Jennifer
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107094.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Knowledge
    Organizations
    Social Constructionism
    Social Problems
    Texts
    Opis:
    Building on the work of Dorothy Smith and Bruno Latour, this article examines the textual mediation of social problems activities. Because of their materiality and/or digitality, texts preserve constructions of reality, rendering those constructions durable and mobile. This, in turn, allows claims-makers distant in time or space to access those constructions as interpretive resources for claims-making. Texts, then, help us account for how social problems spread and endure. We show how texts mediate claims-makers access to two resources for claims-making: the “reality” of problematic conditions and definitions of problems. We also consider how texts structure social problems work. We conclude by briefly considering how the contemporary technological environment may be altering the textual mediation of claims-making.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 2; 34-45
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Deadly Disease vs. Chronic Illness: Competing Understandings of HIV in the HIV Non-Disclosure Debate
    Autorzy:
    Speakman, Erica
    Pawluch, Dorothy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028545.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-10-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    HIV/AIDS
    Non- Disclosure
    Criminalization
    Constructionism
    Definitional Contests
    Opis:
    Over the past several decades, understandings of what it means to have contracted the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have shifted so that an infection once viewed as deadly and ultimately terminal is now largely regarded as chronic and manageable, at least in the West. Yet, the shift has not been complete. There are arenas of discourse where understandings of what health implications HIV carries with it are contested. One such space is the debate concerning the appropriate response to cases of HIV non-disclosure, that is, situations where individuals who are HIV-positive do not disclose their health status to intimate partners. This paper examines the competing constructions of HIV found within this debate, particularly as it has unfolded in Canada. Those who oppose the criminalization of non-disclosure tend to construct HIV as an infection that is chronic and manageable for those who have contracted it, not unlike diabetes. Those who support criminalization have mobilized a discourse that frames the infection as harmful and deadly. We use the case of the HIV non-disclosure debate to make the argument that representations of health conditions can become mired in larger social problems debates in ways that lead to contests over how to understand the fundamental nature of those conditions.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2021, 17, 4; 24-42
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Social Workers and the Sociological Sense of Social Problems: Balancing Objectivism, Subjectivism, and Social Construction
    Autorzy:
    Appel Nissen, Maria
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107037.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Social Problems
    Social Work
    Knowledge
    Objectivism
    Subjectivism
    Constructionism
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is to explore the intricate relations between objectivism, subjectivism, and constructionism. I explore the construction of social problems in everyday professional practice as a valuable source for addressing and reflecting on differences in perceptions of knowledge. Using data from a study of how Danish social workers perceive social problems, the article shows how social workers’ perceptions of social problems reveal a sociological sense of social problems that renders possible both ontological assumptions, as well as epistemological reflections on the objective, subjective, and social constructionist dimensions of social problems. The social workers are constructing a model of social problems and how they are reproduced, as well as epistemological reflections on the uncertainty of knowing the “reality” of social problems. Those constructions are not formulated strictly in line with scholarly approaches but rather stem from experiences of working with social problems. The article proposes that we can learn something from this in terms of reimagining social constructionism. I propose that social constructionists should cultivate a sociological sense of the practical perceptions and approaches to solve social problems in society.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 2; 216-231
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Claims-Making and Human Rights in Domestic and International Spheres
    Autorzy:
    Ayukawa, Jun
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107047.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Human Rights
    Translation
    Meaning
    Claims-Making
    Social Constructionism
    Opis:
    While the concept of human rights may seem basic, it is important for social constructionists to understand that the meaning of the term can vary from country to country. In this paper, I will examine the translation and meaning of human rights and human rights lawyer in Japanese. I show how the vagueness of the term is important and I demonstrate the dialectical relationship between domestic social issues and international organizations concerning human rights. I also demonstrate how the combination of powerful international organizations and domestic claims can sometimes be successful in changing a country’s policy.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 2; 110-121
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Social Problems and the Contextual Compromise: Subjectivity, Objectivity, and Knowledge in Everyday Life
    Autorzy:
    Hier, Sean P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623407.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Claims-Making
    Social Problems
    Contextual Constructionism
    Phenomenology
    Sociology of Knowledge
    Opis:
    This article builds on recent sociological debates about the explanatory importance of claims-making contexts and the continuing challenges associated with subjectivism and objectivism in social problems research. The sociology of knowledge is used to illustrate how the contextual compromise that has sustained social problems theory and method for at least two decades is based on a number of erroneous assumptions about subjectivity and objectivity in the tradition of phenomenological analysis. To strengthen recent discussions about the contextual dimensions of claims-making activities and framing techniques, the article critically assesses the curious neglect and continuing misrepresentation of the sociology of knowledge in constructionist analyses of social problems.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2019, 15, 3; 26-41
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Engaging Technology: A Missing Link in the Sociological Study of Human Knowing and Acting
    Autorzy:
    Prus, Robert
    Mitchell, Richard G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138610.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009-08-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Technology
    Science
    Sociology
    Theory
    Ethnography
    Community
    Pragmatism
    Symbolic Interaction
    Constructionism
    Activity
    Process
    Opis:
    Whereas technology has been the focus of much discourse in both public theatres and sociological arenas, comparatively little attention has been given to the study of the ways that people actually deal with technology as realms of human knowing and acting.Working from a symbolic interactionist perspective (Mead 1934; Blumer 1969) and drawing on classical Greek scholarship as well as some interim sources, this paper addresses technology as a humanly engaged process.Attending to human group life as "something in the making" and focusing on the activities entailed in encountering, using, developing, promoting, obtaining, and resisting instances of technology, this paper outlines a research agenda intended to foster situated (i.e. ethnographic) examinations of technologically-engaged, humanly enacted realities. It also serves as a reference point for assembling and comparing studies of the technology process that deal with this set of activities.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2009, 5, 2; 17-53
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Beyond Case Studies: Expanding the Constructionist Framework for Social Problems Research
    Autorzy:
    Best, Joel
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107095.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Case Studies
    Domain Expansion
    Social Constructionism
    Social Problems
    Social Problems Cluster
    Waves
    Opis:
    Most constructionist analyses of social problems are case studies; these focus attention on the particulars of the case at hand. Analysts have devoted less attention to the ways cases can be connected. This paper presents a typology of such connections, based on five elements: the problem, the frame, the claims-makers, place, and time. The typology identifies ways each of these elements can serve as a basis for connecting different campaigns to construct social problems.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 2; 18-33
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Biographic Researcher in Pursuit of an Aesthetic: The use of arts-based (re)presentations in “performative” dissemination of life stories
    Autorzy:
    Jones, Kip
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138910.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006-04-29
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    biographic narrative research
    arts-based (re)presentation
    relational aesthetics
    social constructionism
    “performative” social science
    Opis:
    The (re)presentation of biographic narrative research benefits greatly from embracing the art of its craft. This requires a renewed interest in an aesthetic of storytelling. Where do we find an aesthetic in which to base our new “performative” social science? The 20th Century was not kind to 18th Century notions of what truth and beauty mean. The terms need to be re-examined from a local, quotidian vantage point, with concepts such as “aesthetic judgment” located within community. Social Constructionism asks us to participate in alterior systems of belief and value. The principles of Nicolas Bourriaud’s Relational Aesthetics offer one possible set of convictions for further exploration. Relational Art is located in human interactions and their social contexts. Central to it are inter-subjectivity, being-together, the encounter and the collective elaboration of meaning, based in models of sociability, meetings, events, collaborations, games, festivals and places of conviviality. Bourriaud believes that Art is made of the same material as social exchanges. If social exchanges are the same as Art, how can we portray them? One place to start is in our (re)presentations of narrative stories, through publications, presentations and performances. Arts-based (re)presentation in knowledge diffusion in the post-modern era is explored as one theoretical grounding for thinking across epistemologies and supporting inter-disciplinary efforts. An example from my own published narrative biography work is described, adding credence to the concept of the research report/presentation as a “dynamic vehicle”, pointing to ways in which biographic sociology can benefit from work outside sociology and, in turn, identifying areas of possible collaboration with the narrator in producing “performances” within published texts themselves.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2006, 2, 1; 66-85
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Social Constructionism Turned Into Human Service Work
    Autorzy:
    Järvinen, Margaretha
    Miller, Gale
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107038.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Applied Constructionism
    Constructionist Activism
    Statements/Counterstatements
    Narrative Therapy
    Oppressive vs. Liberating Stories
    Expert Knowledge
    Opis:
    Studies of applied constructionism are opportunities for scholars to explore how social constructionism is a resource used by claims-makers in describing and justifying their orientations to professional practice. The present paper expands sociological constructionism by analyzing applied constructionism in social problems work in Copenhagen, Denmark. Based on interviews with staff members in narrative drug treatment, we explore two themes: the relationship between dominant and liberating narratives and the position of expert knowledge in narrative therapy. Our guiding framework is Ian Hacking’s inquiry into the Social Construction of What? and Kenneth Burke’s dialogic approach of comparing statements to counterstatements. The purpose of the paper is to link academic studies of the social construction of realities to applied constructionists’ principles in addressing social problems. We do this by describing narrative therapists’ critical reflections on their own work, suggesting that these reflections are not only useful when it comes to developing narrative therapy but also for the advancement of academic constructionism.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 2; 198-214
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Constructing Crime in a Database: Big Data and the Mangle of Social Problems Work
    Autorzy:
    Sanders, Carrie B.
    Christensen, Tony
    Weston, Crystal
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107039.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Big Data
    Social Problems Work
    Social Constructionism
    Science and Technology Studies
    Intelligence-Led Policing
    Opis:
    This paper argues for programmatic change within social constructionist approaches to social problems by attending to materiality in the theoretical conception of social context. To illustrate how this might be done, we place the interplay between social problems construction and technology (what we refer to as the mangle of social problems work) at its center by examining how the advent of “big data” is impacting the construction of social problems. Using the growing field of intelligence-led policing (ILP) as our illustrative example, we will examine four effects the large scale collection and analysis of data has on the way social problems claims are made. We begin by arguing that big data offers a new method by which putative problems are discovered and legitimized. We then explore how large data sets and algorithmic data analysis are increasingly used for predicting future problems. Following this, we illustrate how big data is used to construct and implement solutions to future problems. Lastly, we use the interplay between big data and those who use it to illustrate “the mangle of social problems work,” where data is made meaningful and actionable through the interpretive and analytic processes of analysts and police officers.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 2; 180-195
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Resinicization and Digital Citizenship in Hong Kong: Youth, Cyberspace, and Claims-Making
    Autorzy:
    Adorjan, Michael
    Yau, Ho Lun
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107040.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Hong Kong
    Scholarism
    Political Activism
    Cyberspace
    Facebook
    Post-Colonialism
    Social Constructionism
    Post-80s Youth
    Netizenship
    Resinicization
    Opis:
    Under the “one country, two systems” model fashioned after its handover to China in 1997, Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region of China, is to retain its rule of law, capitalist system, and accompanying political and ideological independence. However, tensions remain centered on concerns held by many Hong Kong citizens over the “resinicization” of Hong Kong, related to anxieties regarding the putative erosion of political and ideological freedoms. This paper examines the claims-making of the student activist group Scholarism, who effectively used Facebook to raise awareness of and successfully resist a government proposal to introduce a national education curriculum into Hong Kong schools. Scholarism’s resistance and ability to mobilize mass demonstrations against the government is significant considering the lack of democratic channels in Hong Kong. Implications are explored for the examination of how claims-making in cyberspace impacts the social problems process, especially in non-democratic and post-colonial contexts.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 2; 160-178
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Religious Beliefs, Practices, and Representations as Humanly Enacted Realities: Lucian (circa 120-200) Addresses Sacrifices, Death, Divinity, and Fate
    Autorzy:
    Prus, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2118981.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-10-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Religion
    Pragmatism
    Symbolic Interactionism
    Social Constructionism
    Sociology of Religion
    Lucian of Samosata
    Fate and Agency
    Greek Olympian Gods
    Opis:
    Lucian of Samosata (circa 120-200) may be primarily envisioned as a poet-philosopher from the classical Roman era. However, the material he develops on religion not only anticipates important aspects of contemporary pragmatist/constructionist approaches to the sociology of religion but also provides some particularly compelling insights into religion as a humanly engaged realm of reality. Following an introduction to a pragmatist approach to the study of religion, this paper presents a synoptic overview of several of Lucian’s texts on religion. In addition to the significance of Lucian’s materials for comprehending an era of Roman and Greek civilization, as well as their more general sources of intellectual and aesthetic stimulation, these texts also provide an array of valuable transhistorical reference points and alert scholars in the field of religion to some ways in which the study of religion could be more authentically approached within the social sciences. The paper concludes with a consideration of the affinities of Lucian’s depictions of religion with pragmatist, interactionist, and associated approaches as this pertains to the study of religion as a realm of human involvement.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 4; 6-37
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Poznawcza i emocjonalna adaptacja do sytuacji choroby psychicznej w rodzinie
    Cognitive and Emotional Adaptation to Mental Disease Within Family
    Autorzy:
    Frąckowiak-Sochańska, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623269.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    zdrowie i choroba psychiczna
    kryzys jako doświadczenie poznawcze i emocjonalneadaptacja poznawcza i emocjonalna, konstruktywizm
    teoria ugruntowana
    Mental Health
    Mental Disease
    Crisis as a Cognitive and Emotional Experience
    Cognitive and Emotional Adaptation, Constructionism
    Grounded Theory
    Opis:
    Celem artykułu jest analiza poznawczych i emocjonalnych aspektów procesu przystosowania do sytuacji choroby psychicznej w rodzinie. Pomiędzy wyżej wymienionymi aspektami istnieją zależności w postaci dodatnich i ujemnych sprzężeń zwrotnych. Istotnym elementem adaptacji poznawczej jest konstruowanie kategorii „choroby psychicznej” oraz „zdrowia psychicznego” tworzących ramy interpretacji przeżywanych doświadczeń. Proces ten jest uzależniony od uprzednich stanów afektywnych i wpływa na dalsze doświadczenia emocjonalne, zwrotnie oddziałując na aktywność poznawczą. Orientację teoretyczną i metodologiczną niniejszego opracowania wyznacza podejście konstruktywistyczne. Podstawę empiryczną prezentowanej analizy stanowią badania przeprowadzone w oparciu o metodologię teorii ugruntowanej. Badania te sprowadzają się do analizy i interpretacji opublikowanych narracji biograficznych członków rodzin osób zmagających się z chorobą psychiczną (Stark, Bremer, Esterer 2002; Stowarzyszenie Rodzin i Przyjaciół Osób Mniejszych Szans „Więź” b.d.). Przeprowadzona analiza dotyczyła zarówno treści wypowiadanych przez narratorów, jak i charakterystycznych sposobów kategoryzowania doświadczeń. W efekcie przeprowadzonych badań odtworzony został proces przystosowania do sytuacji choroby psychicznej w rodzinie wraz z jego wariantami, głównymi etapami i punktami zwrotnymi.
    This paper is aiming at an analysis of some aspects of the process of cognitive and emotional adaptation to the situation of mental illness within family. There have been observed mutual relations between the abovementioned aspects. The significant component of the cognitive adaptation process is the construction of categories of mental disease and mental health, which constitute the frames of interpretation of one’s experience. This process depends on one’s affective states and influences further emotional condition, which provides feedback to cognitive processes at a more advanced stages. Theoretical and methodological frameworks of this paper are based on the constructionist paradigm. The empirical research has been carried out according to the grounded theory assumptions. The research material consists of intentionally constructed and published (in a book and online) biographical narrations of mentally ill persons’ family members. The analysis of the abovementioned narrations is focused on the content, as well as on the forms of descriptions constructed by the relatives of the mentally ill persons. According to the presented analysis, the process of adaptation to the situation of mental illness within family, with its variations, stages, and turning points, has been reconstructed.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej; 2015, 11, 4; 88-112
    1733-8069
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14

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